Tamil islamic q&a

K];ypk; xU tpj;jpahrkhd flTis tzq;Ffpd;wdh;

; K];ypk;fspd; jq;fspd; flTshf Vw;Wf; nfhz;Ls;s my;yh`; vd;w nrhy;> ,iwtid miof;ff; $ba xU
rhjhuz mugpr; nrhy;yhFk;. my;yh`; vd;W K];ypk;fs; miof;ff; $ba me;jf; flTs; kpfr; rpwe;j kw;Wk;
flTs;fSf;nfd toq;fg;glf; $ba ngaHfspNyNa kpfr; rpwe;j ngaiuf; nfhz;lJkhFk;> me;j my;yh`; vd;w
mugpg;gjj;jpw;F tskhd mHj;jq;fSk; cs;sd> NkYk; mJ vz;zhy; xUikiaAk;> xNu flTisAk;> mtDf;F
,izahf vtiuAk;> vjidAk; xg;Gtikahf;fhj mtdJ jd;ikiaAk; Fwpf;ff; $bajhf> my;yh`; vd;w
me;j mugpg;gjk; jpfo;fpd;wJ.
,Nj thHj;ijiaf; nfhz;Nl A+jHfspd; Ntj nkhopahfpa `Pg;Utpy;> vNyh`; vd;Wk;> ,NaR fpwp];j;J
,iwtidj; Jjpj;j nghOJ> Ntj nkhopahfpa muhkpf; nkhopapy; ,e;j gjj;ijj; jhd; gad;gLj;jpdhH. A+j>
fpwp];j;jt> ,];yhkpa kjq;fspy; ,iwtd; jdf;nfd milahsg; ngaHfisg; ngw;wpUf;fpd;whd;. my;yh`; vd;W
nrhy;yf; $ba me;j xNu ,iwtidj; jhd; A+jHfSk;> fpwp];j;jtHfSk;> K];ypk;fSk; tzq;Ffpd;whHfs;.
tzf;f topghLfspy; my;yh`;itj; jdpj;Jtg;gLj;jp> mtDf;F kl;LNk me;j tzf;ftopghLfis chpj;jhf;fp>
mtw;wpy; NtW ahiuAk;> vjidAk; mtDf;F <lhf ,izahf;fhky; mtidj; jdpj;Jtg;gLj;jp tzq;FtJk;
kw;Wk; mtdJ fl;lisfs;> mwpTiufs; Mfpatw;iw jd;Dila tho;ehspy; KOikahff; filgpbg;Ngd; vd;W
rj;jpag;gpukhzkhf Vw;Wf; nfhs;tJk;> mtdJ ,Wjpj;Jhjuhd K`k;kJ (]y;) mtHfsJ nrhy;> nray;>
mq;fPfhuk; Mfpa midj;jpd; kPJk; ek;gpf;if nfhz;L mtw;iwg; gpd;gw;WtJk;> NkYk; cyf KOtJk; gy;NtW
fhyfl;lq;fspy; mDg;gg;gl;l mtdJ JhjHfs; kPJ ek;gpf;if nfhs;tJk;> xU K];ypkpd; kPJ fl;lhaf;
flikahf ,Uf;fpd;wJ. ,];yhj;jpd; mbg;gil ek;gpf;ifapd;gb ,iwtd; xUtd;> mtd; xUtidj; jtpu NtW
ahUk; ,y;iy vd;gjhFk;. ,iwtdhd my;yh`; kpf caHe;jtd;> mtid ve;jtpj fisg;Gk; mtid
miltjpy;iy> mtDf;F re;jjpfs; vd;W vJTk; fpilahJ> mjhtJ ,iwkfd; vd;wiof;fg;gLk; ,NaRitg;
Nghy> NkYk;> kw;w kjq;fspy; fhzg;gLtJ Nghy kdpjDf;Fhpa jd;ikfs; vJTk; me;j my;yh`;Tf;Ff;
fpilahJ.
fpwp];JtHfspd; iggpspy; $wg;gl;Ls;sjhtJ> 6 ehl;fspy; ,iwtd; thdkz;lyq;fisg; gilj;J tpl;L>
7 tJ ehs; fisg;G ePq;f Xa;T nfhz;lhd; ,iwtd;> vd;W $wg;gLk; jj;Jtj;ij ,];yhk; Vw;Wf;
nfhs;tjpy;iy. mtd; kdpjHfisg; gPbf;ff; $ba fisg;G> grp> cwf;fk; Nghd;w ,d;Dk; cs;s jd;ikfspy;
,Ue;J mtd; khWgl;ltd;. ,j;jifa jd;ikfs; mtid Ml;nfhs;tjpy;iy vd;gJ ,];yhj;jpd;>
,iwf;nfhs;ifahFk;.
kw;Wk; ,e;J kjq;fspy; cs;sthWk;> kw;w kjq;fspy; cs;sthWk; ,iwtDf;F kidtp> kf;fs;>
re;jjpfs;> cwtpdHfs; ,Ug;gJ Nghy my;yh`;Tf;Ff; fpilahJ. mtd; jdpj;jtd;> mtDf;F Kd;Ngh>
mtDf;Fg; gpd;Ngh vJTk; fpilahJ. mtd; jdpj;jtd;> ,izJizaw;wtd;> re;jjpfsw;wtd;>
cUtq;fsw;wtd;> mtd; epiyahdtd;> mtd; gilj;jpUf;fpd;w mj;jidAk; mopaf; $baitNa> Mdhy;
mtDf;F ve;j mopTk; fpilahJ. xU KbTk; fpilahJ.
,e;J kjj;jpy; gilj;jYf;Fg; gpuk;kDk;> fhj;jYf;F tp;ZTk;> mopj;jYf;F rptDk; vd gy;NtW
JiwfSf;F gy;NtW flTs;fs; ,Uf;fpd;wdH. ,g;nghOJ> mZFz;L jahhpf;ff; $ba xUtd; me;j
mZFz;il ntw;wpfukhfr; Nrhjpf;f tpUk;Gfpd;whd;> ,ijg; gilj;jYf;Fhpa flTshfpa gpuk;kdplk; mtd;
Ntz;Lfpd;whd;. gpuk;kDk; xg;Gjy; je;J tpLfpd;whH. ,jid mwpe;j kw;nwhUtd; fhj;jYf;Fhpa flTshfpa
tp;Ztplk; nrd;W jd;idf; fhf;FkhW Ntz;Lfpd;whd;. ,tUk; jd;Dila gf;jDila Ntz;Ljiy Vw;Wf;
nfhs;fpd;whH vdpy;> ,e;j ,U gf;jUila Ntz;Ljypy; ahuhtJ xUtUila Ntz;Ljiyj; jhd; epiwNtw;w
KbAk;> ,e;j epiyapy;> gpwpnjhUtDila Ntz;Ljy; epuhfhpf;fg;gLkhdhy;> epuhfhpf;fg;gLtJ kdpjdpd;
Ntz;LNfhshf ,Ue;jhYk;> Njhy;tpaile;jJ ,U flTsHfspy; xUtH. flTSf;Nf Njhy;tp vd;why;> ,J
xg;Gf; nfhs;sg;glf; $banjhU flTs; jj;Jtkh? vd;gij rpe;jpf;f Ntz;Lk;.
vdNt jhd; ,];yhk; gy;NtW flTs;nfhs;ifia epuhfhpj;J tpl;L> ,iwtid Vfdhfg; ghHf;fpd;wJ.
mtd; jdpj;jtd;> mtDila Ml;rp> mjpfhuk; midj;Jk; kpf;ftd;. mtDila Ml;rp ,e;j thdq;fs; kw;Wk;
G+kp vq;Fk; gutp tpahgpj;jpUf;fpd;wJ. ,jpy; mtDila ,e;j Ml;rpg;gug;gpy; gq;fhspfNsh> cjtpahsHfNsh
fpilahJ.

rPwh - tpdhb tpdh

1. egpath;fs; miog;Gg;gzpia vj;jid Mz;Lfs; ufrpakhfr; nra;jhh;fs; ?
%d;W tUlq;fs; (rhp)
,uz;L tUlq;fs;
xU tUlk;
2. `e;jf; Aj;jk; (mfo; Nghh;)eilngw;w Mz;L vJ?
`p[;hp Ie;jhk; Mz;L (rhp)
`p[;hp vl;lhk; Mz;L
`p[;hp Mwhk; Mz;L
3. Gdpjg; gs;spf;F gy thry;fis epWtpatUk; Kjd; Kjyhf tpsf;Nfw;wpa fyp/ghthd me;j Kjy; egh; ahh; ?
ckh; (rhp)
mg+gf;fh;
cj;khd;

4. fh/ghit ,bf;f Kad;wtd; ahh; ?
ghNuhd;
mg;u`h (rhp)
5. gj;U Aj;jj;jpy; cika;ah ,g;D fyh/g; vd;gtid nfhd;wth; ahh; ?
gpyhy; (rhp)
`k;[h
myp
6. ,uz;lhtJ Gdpj efuk; vJ?
kf;fh
my; kjPdh (rhp)
jfP/g;

7. mgprPdpah;fis mNugpa jPgfw;gj;jpypUe;J ntspNaw;wpath;fs; ahh; ?
ghurPfh;fs; (rhp)
my; f]h]pdh
Nuhkhdpah;fs;

8. egp(]y;)mth;fspd; kfshd ck;K Fy;Jhk; mth;fis jpUkzk; nra;jth; ahh; ?
cJkhd; (rhp)
mGgf;fh;
ckh;

9. fpg;yh jpir n[U]yj;jpypUe;J jw;NghJ cs;s f/ghTf;F khwpa Mz;L vJ?
`p[;hp Vohk; Mz;L
`p[;hp gj;jhk; Mz;L
`p[;hp ,uz;lhk; Mz;L (rhp)

10. egpath;fspd; JhJj;Jtk; nraYf;F te;j Mz;L vJ?
fp.gp. 611 (rhp)
fp.gp. 613
fp.gp. 617

11. K];ypk;fs; ,];uh kw;Wk; kpuh[; gz;biffs; nfhz;lhLk; khjk; vJ?
ukohd;
hghd;
u[g; (rhp)
12. gpd; tUk; `jPi] g+h;j;jp nra;f:
egp(]y;)mth;fs; $wpdhh;fs;:
ek;gpf;ifahsh;fspy; rpwe;jth;fs; ahh; vdpy;..?
ew;Fzk; kw;Wk; ed;dlj;ijAs;sth;fs; (rhp)
jk; FLk;gj;jpdhplk; ey;y Kiwapy; nray;gLgth;fs;
khh;f;fj;NjhL njhlh;G itj;jth;
13. egpath;fs; xU kdpjiu epakpj;J mtUld; mfghtpypUf;Fk; rpyiuAk; mDg;gp itj;J mth;fSf;F
fw;Wf;nfhLf;FkhW nrhd;d me;j kdpjh; ahh; ?
]hj; ,g;D khypf;
`k;[h ,g;D mg;Jy; Kj;jypg;
K]hg; ,g;D cikh; (rhp)
14. mt;]; Fyj;jpdUf;Fk; f[;u[; Fyj;jpdUf;FkpilNa fUj;J NtWghL vd;Dk; tpijia njhlh;e;J tpijf;f
Kad;w a+jd; ahh; ?
fhg; ,g;D my; ;uh/g;
h]; ,g;D fP]; (rhp)
`_a; ,g;D mf;jhg;
15. Fiwpah;fSf;F Kd;ghf fh/ghtpd; tptfhuj;jpy; mjpfhuk; ngw;wpUe;j Fyk; vJ?
Fh;`_k;
fpdhdh
F]hM (rhp)
16. ]`hghf;fspy; my;yh`;tpd; Nghh;ths; vd miof;fg;gl;lth; ahh; ?
c]hkh ,g;D i[j;
mk;U ,d;D my; M];
fhypj; ,g;D my; tyPj; (rhp)

17. my; fpkhkh gs;sp vq;F cs;sJ?
[pj;jh
kf;fh
my; kjPdh (rhp)
18. egpath;fspd; `p[;uj;jpw;F ghJfhg;ghf Fiwpaj; jiyth;fs; FOkpa ,lk; vJ?
mG R/g;ahdpd; tPL
my; fh/gh
jhh; my; ej;th (rhp)
19. gj;U Aj;jk; epfo;e;j Mz;L vJ?
ukohd; khjk; 17 (rhp)
ukohd; khjk; 10
ukohd; khjk; 25
20. Viofspd; je;ij vd;W nry;ykhf miof;fg;gl;lth; ahh; ?
Figg; my; md;rhhp
RaPj; my; Fiu]p
fh/gh; ,g;D mgp jhypg; (rhp)
21. egp(]y;) mth;fSf;F ve;j tajpUf;Fk; NghJ mtuJ jhahh; kuzpj;jhh;fs; ?
,uz;L taJ
gj;J taJ
MW taJ (rhp)
22. epuhfupf;Fk; $l;lj;jpdhpy; nkhj;jk; vj;jid Ngh; nfhy;yg;gl;ldh; ?
162
112 (rhp)
243

23. Gdpj Ntjk; egp(]y;)mth;fSf;F ve;jf; fpoikapy; njhlq;fpaJ?
Gjd; fpoik
jpq;fs; fpoik (rhp)
nts;spf; fpoik

24. fh/gh Myaj;jpd; cauk; vt;tsT?
gjpide;J kPl;lh;
,UgJ kPl;lh;
gj;J kPl;lh; (rhp)

25. egpath;fis md;G fhl;b tsh;j;j rNfhjhp ahh; ?

/ghj;jpkh
my; u[g;
my; ikh (rhp)
26. c`J Aj;jj;jpy; fye;J nfhz;l K];ypk; caph;j;jpahfpfs; vj;jid Ngh; ?
vOgJ (rhp)
EhW
vOgj;ije;J

27. `_idd; Aj;jj;jpy; epuhfhpg;Nghhpd; gilia top elj;jp nrd;wtd; ahh; ?
Jhpj; ,g;D my; ]kh
Jiydp`h ,g;D fhypj;
khypf; ,g;D mt;/g; (rhp)
28. ,];khapy; egpath;fspd; fhyj;jpy; kf;fhtpy; jq;fpapUe;j Fyj;jth; ahh; ?
Fiw;
F]hM
[_h;`_k; (rhp)

29. ,];yhj;jpd; Kjy; gs;spahf epWtg;gl;l gs;spthry; vJ?
fpg;yijd; gs;sp
fpgh gs;sp (rhp)

30. egp (]y;)mth;fs; fl;ba gs;spapd; ngah; vd;d?
fpgh gs;sp (rhp)
my; mf;]h gs;sp
ekpuh gs;sp
31. Jhh; Fifapy; egpath;fSk; mGgf;fh; mth;fSk; vj;jid ehl;fs; jq;fpapUe;jdh; ?
%d;W ehl;fs; (rhp)
ehd;F ehl;fs;
VO ehl;fs;

32. kf;fh tptfhuj;jpd; NghJ Kjyhtjhf Xba Fiwp ahh; ?
fp]p ,g;D fpyhg; (rhp)
mg;Jy; Kj;jypg;
`h]pk; ,g;D mg;Jy; kdh/g;

33. ,Wjpahf ,];yhj;ij jOtpa ,dj;jth; ahh; ?
jfP/g; (rhp)

gdP fpdhdh
FhM
34. egpath;fspd; ghl;ldhUf;Fg; gpd; mtiug; guhkhpj;jth; ahh; ?
my; mg;gh];
mg+ jhypg; (rhp)
`k;[h

35. egpath;fs; kuzpj;j khjk; vJ?
ugpAy; jhdp
ugpAy; mt;ty; (rhp)
ukohd;

36. /Gh;fhdpd; ehs; vd;W jpUkiwapy; miof;fg;gLk; Aj;jk; vJ?
`_idd;
gj;h; (rhp)
c`J
37. `puh Fif ve;j kiyapy; cs;sJ?
mu/ghj; kiyapy;
Ehh; (xsp)kiyapy; (rhp)
u`;kj; (mUs;)kiyapy;
38. c`J Aj;jj;jpy; Fiwpg; gilapdUf;F jiyik tfpj;jtd; ahh; ?
mG R/g;ahd; (rhp)
mG y`g;
mG [`y;
39. egpath;fs; egpj;Jtk; ngWk; Kd; vd;d njhopy; nra;J te;jhh;fs; ?
tptrhak;
thzpgk; (rhp)
jr;Rj; njhopy;
40. egpath;fs; `p[;uj; Nkw;nfhz;l NghJ topapy; mtiuf; nfhy;y Kad;wtd; ahh; ?
Ruhfh ,g;D khypf; (rhp)
mG[`;y;
mG y`g;
41. mgP]Pdpahtpw;F Kjd; Kjypy; `p[;uj; nra;jth; ahh; ?
gpyhy;
mk;khh; ,g;D ah]ph;
cJkhd; ,g;D m/g;ghd; (rhp)
42. `p[;uj; md;W egpath;fisf; nfhy;tjw;F Fiwpfs; rjpj;jpl;lk; jPl;bapUe;j NghJ egpath;fSf;F gjpyhf

mtuJ gLf;ifapy; gLj;jpUe;jth; ahh; ?
myp (rhp)
ckh;
mGgf;fh;

43. egpath;fs; mlq;fpAs;s gs;spf;F nry;tJ vg;gb?
`[;[_f;F Kd;Dk; gpd;Dk; nry;yyhk; (rhp)
`[;[pd; kdhrpf; fphpiaf;F Kd;G nry;y Ntz;Lk;
`[;[pd; kdhrpf; fphpia Kbe;j gpd;G nry;y Ntz;Lk;
44. kUj;Jtj;jpy; rpwe;J tpsq;fpa cj;jk md;idah;fspy; ,tUk; xUth; mth; ahh; ?
ck;K ]ykh
Maph (rhp)
`/g;]h
45. Fiwpah;fspd; Fs;sehp vd miof;fg;gl;lth; ahh; ?
fhypj; ,g;D my; tyPj;
ck;U ,g;D my; M]; (rhp)
,f;hpkh

46. ,];yhj;jpd; Kjy; ngz; caph;j;jpahfp ahh; ?
md;id Rikah (rhp)
md;id Maph
md;id fjP[h

47. `_ijgpa;ah cld;gbf;if Vw;gl;l Mz;L vJ?
`p[;hp Mwhk; Mz;by; (rhp)
`p[;hp Vohk; Mz;by;
`p[;hp vl;lhk; Mz;by;
48. ,g;uh`Pk; mth;fspd; khh;f;fk; ve;jg; ngauhy; miof;fg;gLfpwJ?
fpwpj;Jtk;
a+j kjk;
my; `id/gpah (rhp)

49. mG [`;ypd; cz;ikahd ngah; vd;d?
mg;Jy; c[;[h (rhp)
mg;Jy; jh;
mg;Jy; fhgh
50. ,`;uhik fistJ vg;NghJ?

jth/Gy; ,ghjh nra;J Kbj;jTld;
nghpa mfghtpy; fy; vwpe;J Kbe;jTld; (rhp)

51. egpath;fis kPz;Lk; kf;fhtpw;F gpbj;Jj; jUgtUf;F Fiwpah;fs; rd;khdkhf mwptpj;jJ vd;d?
EhW xl;lfq;fs; (rhp)
Ehw;iwk;gJ xl;lfq;fs;
Ik;gJ xl;lfq;fs;
52. ck;Ky; Fuh vd;w efuk; vJ?
aj;hpg;
kf;fh (rhp)
my; jhap/g;
53. fyp/gh mypia nfhd;wtd; ahh; ?
,g;D my; ]t;jh
mG YhYM
,g;D Ky;[pk; (rhp)

54. egp(]y;)mth;fs; ,iwj;JhjNu vd;w mwpFwpfis mwpe;jpUe;j kjFU ahh; ?
mg;Jy; fP];
Gi`uh (rhp)
kpd;fh];
55. fhghtpd; fjT ve;jj; jpirapy; mike;Js;sJ?
njw;F Gwk;
Nkw;F Gwk;
fpof;F Gwk; (rhp)

56. $gh gs;spthry; vq;F cs;sJ?
]yh kiyf;F tlNkw;F jpirapy;
kjPdhtpw;F njd;Nkw;F jpirapy; (rhp)
uDt;jh gs;sj;jhf;fpy;
57. egpath;fs; gpwe;j Mz;L vJ?
ahid Mz;L (rhp)
hpkhjh Mz;L
c/Gj; Mz;L

58. ifgh; Aj;jk; ele;j Mz;L vJ?
`p[;hp vl;lhk; Mz;L
`p[;hp Ie;jhk; Mz;L

`p[;hp Vohk; Mz;L (rhp)
59. egp(]y;)mth;fs; gpwe;j fpoik vJ?
jpq;fl;fpoik (rhp)
nts;spf;fpoik
Gjd; fpoik
60. md;id fjP[h mth;fis egp(]y;)mth;fs; kze;j NghJ egpath;fspd; taJ vd;d?
,Ugj;ije;J (rhp)
ehw;gJ
,UgJ

61. fhypj; ,g;D tyPj; mth;fs; ,];yhj;ij jOtpaJ vg;NghJ?
`p[;hp %d;whk; Mz;L
`p[;hp Vohk; Mz;L
`p[;hp vl;lhk; Mz;L (rhp)
62. igj;Jy; Kfj;ji] Kjd; Kjyhff; ifg;gw;wpa fyPghtpd; ngaH vd;d? M) rpYit Aj;jj;jpy; <Lgl;L
igj;Jy; Kfj;ji]f; ifg;gw;wpa ,];yhkpa khtPuH ahH?
m. ckH (uyp) M. ]yh`{j;jPd; my; ma;A+gp
63. egpfs; ehafk; (]y;) mtHfs; gpd;dpw;f> ,khkhf epd;W njho itj;j egpj; NjhoH ahH?
mg;JH u`;khd; ,g;D mt;/g; - jG+f; Aj;j rkak;
64. jG+f; Aj;jj;jpd; kWngaH vd;d? mjpy; fye;J nfhz;l ]`hgpfs; vt;thW miof;fg;gl;lhHfs;?
Kg];]uh`; M) i[a;]{y; c];uh`;

65. c`Jg; Nghhpy; FiwpfSf;F jiyikNaw;W Aj;jk; nra;jtUk;> gpd;G ,];yhj;jpidj; jOtpatUkhd me;j
]`hgpapd; ngaH vd;d?
mG Rg;ahd; (uyp)

66. egp (]y;) mtHfspd; ,uz;L kfs;fisj; jpUkzk; nra;j egpj; Njhohpd; ngaH vd;d? mtuJ gl;lg; ngaH
vd;d?
cJkhd; (uyp) M) Je;Ehiud;
67. mfo; NghUf;fhd jpl;lj;jpw;F fhuzkhf ,Ue;j egpj;Njhohpd; ngaH vd;d?
ry;khd; my; ghHrp (uyp)
68. K`k;kJ (]y;) mtHfSf;F Kd; Njhd;wpa egpkhHfspy; VNjDk; ehy;thpd; ngaHfis kl;Lk; $W?
1) Mjk; (miy) 2) E}`; (miy) 3) Y}j; (miy) 4) ,g;wh`pk; (miy)
69. ,g;wh`pk; egpapd; kidtpkhHfspd; ngaHfisAk; mtHfspd; kf;fspd; ngaHfisAk; Fwpg;gpLf?
kidtpapd; ngaHfs; : ]huh> `h[uh
kf;fspd; ngaHfs; : ,];khaPy; (miy)> ,];`hf; (miy)

70. ,g;wh`pk; egp fz;l fdT vd;d? mij vt;thW epiwNtw;wpdhHfs; ?

jq;fspd; kfd; ,g;wh`pk; (miy) mtHfis ,iwtDf;fhf gyp nfhLg;gjhf fdT fz;lhHfs;.
mjid ,iwf;fl;lis vd;W vz;zp kfid capUld; gyp nfhLf;fj; jahuhdhHfs;. Mdhy; mjw;F Kd;
my;yh`; ,g;wh`pk; (miy) mtHfspd; jpahf cs;sj;ij Vw;W mtHfSf;fhf xU Ml;il ,wf;fp itj;jhd;.
,g;wh`pk; (miy) mtHfSk; mij gyp nfhLj;J fdit epiwNtw;wpdhHfs;.

71. K`k;kJ (]y;) mtHfspd; je;ijapd; rNfhjuHfspy; ,];yhj;ij Vw;Wf; nfhz;ltHfs; ahH? ahH?
1)mg;gh]; (uyp) 2) `k;]h (uyp) MfpatHfshthHfs;.
fPo;f;fhZk; epfo;r;rpfs; egpfshhpd; ve;nje;j tajpy; epfo;e;jd?
1) Kjy; jpUkzk; - 25 taJ 2) egpj;Jtk; - 40 taJ 3) `p[;uj; - 53 taJ
4) kuzk; - 63 taJ.

72. Kjd; Kjyhf ,];yhj;ij Vw;Wf; nfhz;ltHfspy; Ie;J ngaHfis kl;Lk; Fwpg;gpLf?
1) mGgf;fH (uyp) 2) myp (uyp) 3) mk;khH (uyp) 4) ah]pH (uyp) 5) `jp[h (uyp)

73. gj;U Aj;jj;jpd; NghJ Fiwpfis top elj;jp te;j jsgjpfspy; ehy;tiu Fwpg;gplTk; ?
1) mG+ [`;y; 2) igh 3) tyPj; 4) cika;ah

74. gj;U Aj;jj;jpd; NghJ fye;J nfhz;l K];ypk;fspd; vz;zpf;if vj;jid? capH Jwe;jtHfs; vj;jid
NgH?
fye;J nfhz;ltHfs; 313 NgHfs; > `PjhdtHfs; : 14 NgHfs; > ,tHfspy; md;rhhpfs; - 8 NghHfs; >
K`h[pHfs; - 6 NgHfs;.

75. `p[;hp 4 Mk; Mz;Lf;F gpd;dH ele;j Aj;jq;fspy; vNjDk; ehd;fpd; ngahpidf; $W?
1) jG+f; 2) `d;jf; (mfo;) 3) i`gH 4) `{idd;.

76. K`h[pH - md;rhH ngaHf;fhuzk; $W?
K`h[pHfs; - kf;fhtpy; ,Ue;J kjpdhtpw;F `p[;uj; nra;J te;j egpj; NjhoHfs;
md;rhhpfs; - kf;fhtpy; ,Ue;J te;jtHfis Vw;Wf; nfhz;L cjtp nra;j kjpdh K];ypk;fs;

77. Fiwpfs; kf;fhtpy; K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhf elj;jpa nfhLikfspy; rpytw;;iw tpthp.
Fiwpfs; ,];yhj;ij Vw;Wf; nfhz;l mg;ghtpfis nrhy;nyhz;zh Jauj;jpw;F Mshf;fpdhHfs;. Vfj;Jtf;
nfhs;ifia tpl kWj;jhy;> ah]pH (uyp) mtHfspd; ,uz;L fhy;fisAk; jdpj;jdpNa ,uz;L xl;lfq;fNshL
fapw;wpy; fl;b> mtHfspd; cliy ,U $whfg; gpse;jhHfs;. mtHfspd; kidtp Rika;ah (uyp)apd;
kHk];jhdj;jpy; mk;G va;J nfhd;whHfs;. mbikahf ,Ue;j gpyhy; (uyp) mtHfspd; fOj;jpy; fapw;iwf; fl;b
tPjp tPjpahf ,Oj;Jf; nrd;W rpWtHfis tpl;L fy;nywpa itj;jhHfs;. gpd;dUk; mtHfspd; kd cWjp
Fiyahjijf; fz;l Fiwpfs;> Mj;jpuKw;W mtHfis ntWk; NkdpAld; ez;gfypy; Rlkzypy; fplj;jp
mtHfspd; clypd; Nky; ghwhq;fy;iy itj;J nfhLikg; gLj;jpdhHfs;.

78. egp (]y;) mtHfs; `p[;uj; nra;Ak; NghJ ele;j epfo;r;rpfis tpthp?

egp (]y;) mtHfs; kf;fj;J K];ypk;fspy; ngUk;ghydtHfisAk; kjpdhtpw;Fg; Nghfr; nra;J> jhq;fsk; `p[;uj;
nra;aj; jahuhdhHfs;. Mdhy;> ,iwf;fl;lis tUk; tiu jhkjpj;jpUe;jhHfs;. egp (]y;) mtHfs; kjpdhtpw;Fg;
Nghf ,Ug;gij mwpe;J nfhz;l Fiwpfs;> mjid mDkjpj;jhy; kjpdhtpy; K];ypk;fs; ngUfp FiwpfSf;F
vjpuhfj; jpus;thhfs; vd;W vz;zp mtHfs; `p[;uj; nra;tjw;F Kd;dH nfhiy nra;J tpl jpl;lkpl;lhHfs;.
Mdhy; ,iwaUshy; egp (]y;) mtHfs; Fiwpfspd; rjpj; jpl;lq;fspy; ,Ue;J fhg;ghw;wg;gl;lhHfs;. ,iwf;
fl;lisg;gb egp (]y;) mtHfSk;> mtHfspd; NjhoH mGgf;fH (uyp) mtHfSk; ,uNthL ,uthf `p[;uj;
gazj;ijj; njhlq;fpdhHfs;. EgpfshH jg;gpj;J tpl;lij mwpe;j Fiwpfs;> egp (]y;) mtHfis kjpdh
nry;Yk; topapNyNa nfhd;W tplj; jpl;lkpl;lhHfs;. ,jid mwpe;J nfhz;l egpfshUk;> mtHfsJ NjhoH
mGgf;fH (uyp) mtHfSk; jt;H vd;Dk; FifapDs; xope;J nfhz;lhHfs;. Egpfshiuj; Njb Fifapd; mUfpy;
te;j vjphpfsplkpUe;Jk; my;yh`; jdJ J}jiuAk;> mtuJ NjhoiuAk; ghJfhj;Jf; nfhz;lhd;.

79. gj;U Aj;jk; elg;gjw;Fj; J}z;LNfhshf ,Ue;j epfo;r;rpfisf; $W?
kjpdh te;j gpd;dH ehSf;F ehs; K];ypk;fspd; vz;zpf;if ngUfp tUtijf; fz;l Fiwpfs;
gag;glyhdhHfs;. K];ypk;fspd; ngUf;fk; FiwpfSf;F Mgj;jhf KbAk; vd;W vz;zp K];ypk;fNshL NghH
nra;J mtHfis mopf;fj; jahuhdhHfs;. Mjw;fhd re;jHg;gj;jpw;fhff; fhj;Jf;nfhz;bUe;jhHfs;. ,jw;fpilNa
mtHfspd; czHitj; J}z;LtJ Nghy; 2 epfo;r;rpfs; mq;F ele;jd. Mg;Jy;yh`; ,g;D [`;]; vd;gtH
jiyikapy; 12 NgH nfhz;l csTf; $l;lk; ef;yh vd;w ,lj;jpy; te;J nfhz;bUe;j tpahghuf; $l;lj;jpy;
`y;ukp vd;gtid egpfshhpd; fl;lisf;F vjpuhff; nfhiy nra;J tpLfpd;whHfs;. ,J jtpu mG+ Rg;ahd;
vd;gthpd; jiyikapy; ]phpahtpy;,Ue;J jpUk;gp te;J nfhz;bUe;j xU tpahghuf; $l;lk; kjpdhtpw;F mUfpy;
tUk; NghJ mjid topkwpf;Fk; Kfkhf xU rpW gilia egpatHfs; mDg;Gfpd;whHfs;. ,jidf; Nfs;tpg;
gl;lJk; cjtpf;F xU gilia mDg;GkhW mG+Rg;ahd; kf;fhtpw;F J}J mDg;Gfpd;whH. ,JNt gj;U Aj;jk;
elg;gjw;F xU J}z;Lnfhyhf mike;J tpLfpd;wJ.

80. c`j; Aj;jj;jpd; fhl;rpfisr; RUf;fkhff; $W?
3000 NgHfs; nfhz;l ngUk; gilAld; K];ypk;fis mopf;Fk; jpl;lj;Jld; Fiwpfs; `p[;hp 3 Mk; Mz;L
kjpdhtpw;F mUfpy; c`J kiy mbthuj;jpy; Kw;WifapLfpd;wdH. ,tHfis re;jpf;f egpatHfSk; 700 NgH
nfhz;l NghH tPuHfSld; fsj;jpy; ,wq;F fpd;whHfs;. NghH elf;Fk; NghJ K];ypk;fspd; gilia vjphpfs;
gpd;Gwkhf te;J jhf;fhky; ,Uf;f 50 NgH nfhz;l xU gilia mg;Jy;yh ,g;D [{igH jiyikapy;
epWj;Jfpd;whHfs;. mthfsplk; vf;fhuzk; nfhz;Lk; me;j ,lj;ij tpl;L efu Ntz;lhk; vd;Wk;
mwpTWj;Jfpd;whHfs;. Nghhpy; K];ypk;fspd;if Xq;fTk;> vjphpfs; nghUl;fis tpl;L tpl;L Xl;lk;
vLf;fpd;whHfs;. K];ypk;fs; mtHfs; tpl;Lr; nrd;w nghUl;fis (md;/ghy;) vLf;f KaYfpd;whHfs;. ,ijf;
fz;l fhty;gilAk; egpfshhpd; fl;lisf;F khwhf md;/ghiy vLf;Fk; Nehf;fj;Jld; Xb tUfpd;whhfs;. ,e;j
re;jHg;gj;ijg; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhz;l vjphpfs;> K];ypk;fis gpd;Gwkhf te;J jhf;fp> mtHfis epiyFiyar;
nra;J tpLfpd;whHfs;. ,jdhy; ngUk; ntw;wpia je;jpUf;f Ntz;ba c`J Aj;jk; K];ypk;fSf;F
gpd;dilitNa Vw;gLj;jp tpLfpd;wJ.

81. `{ijgpah cld;gbf;if K];ypk;fSf;F ntw;wpiaj; je;jJ vt;thW?
`{ijgpah cld;gbf;ifapd; tpjpKiwfs; midj;Jk; ntspg;gilahf xU jiyg;gl;rkhfTk;> K];ypk;fSf;F
vjpuhfTk; ,Ug;gJ Nghy; Njhd;wpdhYk;> mJ K];ypk;fSf;F ntw;wpiaNa je;jJ. ,jdhy; `p[;hp 7 Mk; Mz;L
K];ypk;fs; kf;fhtpy; vjphpfspd; gak; ,y;yhky; ck;uh nra;a Kbe;jJ. 10 Mz;Lfs; K];ypk;fSk;> FiwpfSk;
rz;ilaplf; $lhJ vd;gJk; ,jd; tpjpKiwfspy; xd;whFk;. ,jdhy; Fiwpfspd; NghH mghak; ,y;yhJ
Ngha K];ypk;fs; ,];yhj;ij vj;jp itf;Fk; gzpapy; KO %r;rhf nray;gl Kbe;jJ. ,Jtiu gifAzHTld;
ele;J nfhz;l FiwpfSk; K];ypk;fSld; el;GwTld; goFk; epiy Vw;gl;lJ. K];ypk;fspd; ey;y
nray;fisf; fz;lJk;> mtHfsplk; kdkhWjy;fs; Vw;glyhapd. ,];yhk; Kd; vg;NghJk; ,y;yhj mstpw;F
Ntfkhf gutj; njhlq;fpaJ. ,Wjpapy; Fiwpfs; K];ypk;fsplk; mbgzpAk; mdtpw;F ,];yhj;jpd; if

Xq;fpaJ.

82. mfgh xg;ge;jk;
aj;jpg; ypUe;J te;j K];ypk;fSf;Fk; egpf;Fk; ,ilapy; ele;jJ.

83. egp (]y;) FLk;gj;jpypUe;J ,Wjp %r;R tiu K];ypk;fSf;F vjphpahf jpfo;e;jtd;
MG+y`g;

84. mG+gf;fH (uyp)
Kjd;Kjyhf ,];yhj;ij Vw;Wf; nfhz;l NjhoH

85. gpd;dilit Vw;gLj;jpa Fiwp jsgjp
`hypj; ,g;D tyPj;

86. `k;]h (uyp)
c`j; Aj;jj;jpd; tPuj; jpahfp

87. mfo; Aj;jj;jpd; rpw;gp
]y;khd; my; /ghH]p

88. ,ul;il ths; tPuH
myp (uyp)

89. `{ijgpah cld;gbf;iff;F Kd; kf;fh Fiwpfsplk; K];ypk;fspd; J}juhf mDg;gg;gl;l NjhoH
c];khd; (uyp)
90. t`;]p
tPu `k;]h (uyp) mtHfspd; capiug; gwpj;j `pe;jhtpd; mbik

91. egpia ntl;l te;jtH jpir jpUk;gp ed; khHf;fj;ij Vw;whH.
ckH ,g;D `j;jhg; (uyp)
92. Kjd; Kjypy; ,];yhj;jpw;fhf capH ePj;j ngz;kzpapd; ngaH vd;d?
]{ika;ah (uyp) MthHfs;.
93. ,];yhj;jpy; ele;j Kjy; NghH vJ?
gj;U Aj;jkhFk;. `p[;hp 2 Mk; Mz;L ele;jJ.

rPwh

1. my;yh`; Kjd; Kjypy; ahiug; gilj;jhd;?
Mjk; (miy) mtHfis Kjd; Kjypy; gilj;jhd;.

2. Mjk; egpapd; %yk; my;yh`; ahiug; gilj;jhd;?
Mjk; (miy) mtHfspd; kidtpahd `t;th (miy) mtHfisg; gilj;jhd;.

3. Kjd; Kjyhf mDg;gg;gl;l J}jH ahH?
E}`; (miy) MthHfs;.

4. my;yh`;Tld; Ngrpa egp ahH?
%]h (miy) MthHfs;.

5. fdtpy; tpsf;fk; nfhLf;fg;gl;l egp ahH?
egp A+]{g; (miy) MthHfs;.

6. neUg;Gf; Fz;lj;jpy; Nghlg;gl;L my;yh`;thy; fhg;ghw;wg;gl;l egp ahH?
egp ,g;wh`pk; (miy) MthHfs;.

7. njhl;by; gUtj;jpy; kf;fsplk; Ngrpa egp ahH?
<]h (miy) MthHfs;.

8. kPd; tapw;wpy; ,Ue;j egp ahH?
egp A+D]; (miy) MthHfs;.

9. [pd;fis trg;gLj;jpf; nfhLf;fg;gl;l egp ahH?
egp ]{iykhd; (miy) MthHfs;.

10. `[;[{g; ngUehis ahUila epidthff; nfhz;lhLfpd;Nwhk; ?
egp ,g;wh`pk; (miy) mtHfspd; epidthff; nfhz;lhLfpd;Nwhk;.

11. my;yh`; jdJ Neruhf FHMdpy; ahiuf; Fwpg;gpLfpd;whd; ?
,g;wh`pk; (miy) mtHfisf; Fwpg;gpLfpd;whd;.

12. Egp E}`; (miy) vj;jid tUlq;fs; tho;e;jhHfs;?
950 tUlq;fs;.

13. E}`; egpapd; kidtpAk;> kfDk; ,];yhj;ij Vw;whHfsh?
Vw;ftpy;iy.

14. Kjd;Kjypy; f/ghit fl;ba egp ahH?
egp ,g;wh`pk; (miy) MthHfs;.

15. egp ,g;wh`pk; (miy) mtHfspd; kfd;fspd; ngaHfisf; Fwpg;gpLf.
,];khapy; (miy)> ,];`hf; (miy).

16. ,Wjpahf mDg;gg;gl;l egp ahH?
egp K`k;kJ (]y;) mtHfs;.

17. ,g;wh`pk; egp mtHfs; fz;l fdT vd;d?
,g;wh`pk; egp mtHfs; jd; kfd; ,];khapy; (miy) mtHfis mWj;Jg; gypapLtjhff; fdT fz;lhHfs;.

18 ,g;wh`pk; egpapd; je;ij ngaH vd;d? mtH ,];yhj;ij Vw;Wf; nfhz;lhuh?
,g;wh`pk; egpapd; je;ij ngaH M[H. mtH ,];yhj;ij Vw;Wf; nfhs;stpy;iy.

19. ,g;wh`pk; (miy) mtHfs; ahUila Ml;rpf; fhyj;jpy; J}juhf mDg;gg;gl;lhHfs;?
,g;wh`pk; egpatHfs; ek;&j; vd;Dk; nfhbatdpd; Ml;rpf; fhyj;jpy; J}juhf mDg;gg;gl;lhHfs;.

20. ,g;wh`pk; egp mtHfspd; kidtpfspd; ngaH vd;d?
md;id `h[uh> md;id rhuh MfpNahHfshthHfs;.

21. %]h (miy) mtHfs; ahUila Ml;rp fhyj;jpy; gpwe;jhHfs;? ahhplk; tsHe;jhHfs; ?
,g;wh`pk; egp mtHfs; /gpHmt;dpd; Ml;rp fhyj;jpy; gpwe;jhHfs;. /gpHmt;dplNk tsHe;jhHfs;.

22. Kjd; Kjyhf gilf;fg;gl;l kdpjH ahH?
Mjk; (miy) mtHfis my;yh`; Kjd;Kjypy; gilj;jhd;. mtHfSf;F vy;yh nghUl;fspd; ngaHfisAk;
fw;Wf; nfhLj;jhd;. NkYk; kyf;FfisAk;> [pd;fisAk; mtHfSf;F ][;jh nra;af; fl;lisapl;lhd;. Mdhy;
,g;yP]; kl;Lk; ][;jh nra;a kWj;J tpl;lhd;. Mjhuk; #uj;Jy; gf;fuh 31-34 trdq;fshFk;.

23. ,iwf; fl;lisf;F khW nra;j ,g;yP]{f;Fk; ,iwtDf;Fk; ,ilNa ele;j ciuahly; vd;d?
my;yh`; ,g;yP]plk; ehd; cdf;F fl;lisapl;l rkaj;jpy; MjKf;F ][;jh nra;tjpypUe;J cd;idj; jLj;jJ
vJ? vd;W Nfl;lhd;. mjw;F ,g;yP]{ ehd; mtiu tpl Nkyhdtd;. Mjikf; fsp kz;zpy; gilj;jha; vd;W
ngUikNahL $wpdhd;. mjw;F my;yh`;> ngUik nfhs;tjw;F eP jFjpapy;yhjtd;. vdNt eP ,q;fpUe;J
ntspNawp tpL vd;whd;.

24. E}`; (miy) mtHfs; jd; rKjhaj;jpw;F nra;j gpur;rhuj;ijg; gw;wp tpsf;fk; $W?
my;yh`; mDg;gpa Kjy; J}jH jhd; E}`; (miy). MtHfs; 950 Mz;L fhyk; jd; rKjhaj;jpw;F gpur;rhuk;
nra;jhHfs;. mtHfspd; gpur;rhuj;jhy; kpff; Fiwe;j msNt kf;fs; ,];yhj;ij Vw;Wf; nfhz;lhHfs;. mtHfspd;
kfDk;> kidtpAk; $l ,];yhj;ij Vw;fhkNyNa kuzpj;jhHfs;. Mjhuk; my;FHMd; my;fG+j; 14 tJ trdk;
kw;Wk; #uj;Jy; `{j; 43 tJ trdk; kw;Wk; #uj;Jy; j`;hPk; 10 tJ trKkhFk;.

25. Kjd; Kjypy; ,];yhj;jpw;fhf capH ePj;j ngz;kzpapd; ngaH vd;d?
]{ika;ah (uyp) MthHfs;.

26. ,];yhj;jpy; ele;j Kjy; NghH vJ?
gj;U Aj;jkhFk;. `p[;hp 2 Mk; Mz;L ele;jJ.

27. ,g;wh`pk; egp jd; je;ij M[hplk; nra;j gpur;rhuj;ijg; gw;wp tpthp.
,g;wh`pk; egp jd; je;ijaplk; vd; je;ijNa! VijAk; nrtpNaw;fhj> ghHf;fhj> ck;ik tpl;Lk; vijAk;
jLf;fhjij eH Vd; tzq;Ffpd;wPH ? Vd; je;ijNa! Epr;rakhf vd;dplk; cq;fSf;F tuhj mwpT te;jpUf;fpwJ.
MfNt> ePH vd;id gpd;gw;WtPuhf! cq;fSf;F ehd; Neuhd topiaf; fhl;LNtd;. Vd; je;ijNa! Ij;jhid
ePq;fs; tzq;fjPHfs;! Epr;rakhf Ij;jhd; kpfTk; fUiz cilNahdhfpa u`;khDf;F khW nra;gtdhf
,Uf;fpd;whd;. Vd; je;ijNa! U`;khdplkpUe;J Ntjid ck;ikg; gpbj;J Ij;jhDf;F ePq;fs; Njhouhfp
tpLtij epr;rakhf ehd; gag;gLfpd;Nwd; vd;W gpur;rhuk; nra;jhHfs;. Mjhuk; : #uh kHak; 42-46 trdq;fs;.

28. ,g;wh`pk; egp Vd; neUg;Gf; Fz;lj;jpy; Nghlg;gl;lhHfs;?
nfhQ;rKk; cq;fSf;F ed;ik> jPik nra;ahj my;yh`; my;yhjtw;iwah ePq;fs; tzq;Ffpd;wPHfs;? vd;W
,g;wh`pk; egpatHfs; jd; r%fj;jhiu rpiy tzf;fj;jpypUe;J jLj;jjpdhy; neUg;Gf; Fz;lj;jpy;
Nghlg;gl;lhHfs;. my;yh`; me;j neUg;Gf; Fz;lj;ij FspHr;rp kpf;fjhfTk;> Rfkspf;ff; $bajhfTk; Mf;fp
tpl;ljpdhy;> ,g;wh`pk; egpatHfs; fhg;ghw;wg;gl;lhHfs;.

29. ,g;wh`pk; egp (miy) mtHfs; jd; ,iwtid vt;thW Ghpe;J nfhz;lhHfs;?
,g;wh`pk; egpatHfis ,uT #o;e;J nfhz;l NghJ> gpufhrkhd el;rj;jpuj;ijg; ghHj;J ,J jhd; vd;
,iwtd;> vd;W $wpdhHfs;. MJ kiwe;J re;jpud; cjpg;gijf; fz;l nghOJ> ,J jhd; vd;Dila ,iwtd;
vd;W $wpdhHfs;. MJTk; kiwe;J tpl;lJ. gpd;G gfypy; #hpaidf; fz;l NghJ> ,J jhd; vd; ,iwtd;
vd;whHfs;. gpd;G mJTk; kiwaNt> kiwaf; $ba vJTk; ,iwtdhf KbahJ. ,iwtd; ,iz Jiz
mw;wtd;. ,iz itg;gjpypUe;J epr;rakhf ehd; ePq;fpatd; vd;W $wpdhHfs;.

30. ,g;wh`pk; egpf;Fk; ek;&Jf;Fk; ,ilNa ele;j ciuahly; vd;d?
,g;wh`pk; (miy) mtHfs; jd;Dila vjphpahd ek;&j; vd;gtdplk; $wpdhHfs;> vtd; capH nfhLf;fTk;>
kuzpf;fTk; itf;fTk; nra;fpd;whNdh mtNd vd;Dila ,iwtd; vd;W $wpdhHfs;. Mjw;F ek;&j; ehDk;
capH nfhLf;fpd;Nwd;. Kuzpf;f itf;fTk; nra;fpd;Nwd; vd;W $wpdhd;. Mjw;F ,g;wh`pk; (miy) mtHfs;
my;yh`; #hpaidf; fpof;fpy; cjpf;fr; nra;fpd;whd;. Mij eP Nkw;fpy; cjpf;Fk;gbr; nra; vd;W $wpaJk;
epuhfhpg;ghsdhd ek;&j; thailj;Jg; Nghdhd; vd;W #uj;Jy; gfuhtpy; 258 tJ trdj;jpy; my;yh`;
$Wfpd;whd;.

rPwh

1. K`k;kJ (]y;) mtHfSf;F Kd; Njhd;wpa egpkhHfspy; VNjDk; ehy;thpd; ngaHfis kl;Lk; $W?
1) Mjk; (miy) 2) E}`; (miy) 3) Y}j; (miy) 4) ,g;wh`pk; (miy)

2. ,g;wh`pk; egpapd; kidtpkhHfspd; ngaHfisAk; mtHfspd; kf;fspd; ngaHfisAk; Fwpg;gpLf?
kidtpapd; ngaHfs; : ]huh> `h[uh
Kf;fspd; ngaHfs; : ,];khaPy; (miy)> ,];`hf; (miy)

3. ,g;wh`pk; egp fz;l fdT vd;d? mij vt;thW epiwNtw;wpdhHfs; ?
jq;fspd; kfd; ,g;wh`pk; (miy) mtHfis ,iwtDf;fhf gyp nfhLg;gjhf fdT fz;lhHfs;.
mjid ,iwf;fl;lis vd;W vz;zp kfid capUld; gyp nfhLf;f jahuhdhHfs;. Mdhy; mjw;F Kd;
my;yh`; ,g;wh`pk; (miy) mtHfspd; jpahf cs;sj;ij Vw;W mtHfSf;fhf xU Ml;il ,wf;fp itj;jhd;.
,g;wh`pk; (miy) mtHfSk; mij gyp nfhLj;J fdit epiwNtw;wpdhHfs;.

4. K`k;kJ (]y;) mtHfspd; je;ijapd; rNfhjuHfspy; ,];yhj;ij Vw;Wf; nfhz;ltHfs; ahH? ahH?
1)mg;gh]; (uyp) 2) `k;]h (uyp) MfpatHfshthHfs;.

5. fPo;f;fhZk; epfo;r;rpfs; egpfshhpd; ve;nje;j tajpy; epfo;e;jd?
1) Kjy; jpUkzk; - 25 taJ 2) egpj;Jtk; - 40 taJ 3) `p[;uj; - 53 taJ
4) kuzk; - 63 taJ.

6. Kjd; Kjyhf ,];yhj;ij Vw;Wf; nfhz;ltHfspy; Ie;J ngaHfis kl;Lk; Fwpg;gpLf?
1) mGgf;fH (uyp) 2) myp (uyp) 3) mk;khH (uyp) 4) ah]pH (uyp) 5) `jp[h (uyp)

7. gj;U Aj;jj;jpd; NghJ Fiwpfis top elj;jp te;j jsgjpfspy; ehy;tiu Fwpg;gplTk; ?
1) mG+ [`;y; 2) igh 3) tyPj; 4) cika;ah

8. Gj;U Aj;jj;jpd; NghJ fye;J nfhz;l K];ypk;fspd; vz;zpf;if vj;jid? CapH Jwe;jtHfs; vj;jid
NgH?
fye;J nfhz;ltHfs; 313 NgHfs; > `PjhdtHfs; : 14 NgHfs; > ,tHfspy; md;rhhpfs; - 8 NghHfs; >
K`h[pHfs; - 6 NgHfs;.

9. `p[;hp 4 Mk; Mz;Lf;F gpd;dH ele;j Aj;jq;fspy; vNjDk; ehd;fpd; ngahpidf; $W?
1) jG+f; 2) `d;jf; (mfo;) 3) i`gH 4) `{idd;.

10. K`h[pH - md;rhH ngaHf;fhuzk; $W?
K`h[pHfs; - kf;fhtpy; ,Ue;J kjpdhtpw;F `p[;uj; nra;J te;j egpj; NjhoHfs;
md;rhhpfs; - kf;fhtpy; ,Ue;J te;jtHfis Vw;Wf; nfhz;L cjtp nra;j kjpdh K];ypk;fs;

11. Fiwpfs; kf;fhtpy; K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhf elj;jpa nfhLikfspy; rpytw;;iw tpthp.
Fiwpfs; ,];yhj;ij Vw;Wf; nfhz;l mg;ghtpfis nrhy;nyhz;zh Jauj;jpw;F Mshf;fpdhHfs;. Vfj;Jtf;
nfhs;ifia tpl kWj;jhy;> ah]pH (uyp) mtHfspd; ,uz;L fhy;fisAk; jdpj;jdpNa ,uz;L xl;lfq;fNshL
fapw;wpy; fl;b> mtHfspd; cliy ,U $whfg; gpse;jhHfs;. mtHfspd; kidtp Rika;ah (uyp)apd;
kHk];jhdj;jpy; mk;G va;J nfhd;whHfs;. mbikahf ,Ue;j gpyhy; (uyp) mtHfspd; fOj;jpy; fapw;iwf; fl;b
tPjp tPjpahf ,Oj;Jf; nrd;W rpWtHfis tpl;L fy;nywpa itj;jhHfs;. gpd;dUk; mtHfspd; kd cWjp
Fiyahjijf; fz;l Fiwpfs;> Mj;jpuKw;W mtHfis ntWk; NkdpAld; ez;gfypy; Rlkzypy; fplj;jp
mtHfspd; clypd; Nky; ghwhq;fy;iy itj;J nfhLikg; gLj;jpdhHfs;.

12. egp (]y;) mtHfs; `p[;uj; nra;Ak; NghJ ele;j epfo;r;rpfis tpthp?
egp (]y;) mtHfs; kf;fj;J K];ypk;fspy; ngUk;ghydtHfisAk; kjpdhtpw;Fg; Nghfr; nra;J> jhq;fsk; `p[;uj;
nra;aj; jahuhdhHfs;. Mdhy;> ,iwf;fl;lis tUk; tiu jhkjpj;jpUe;jhHfs;. egp (]y;) mtHfs; kjpdhtpw;Fg;
Nghf ,Ug;gij mwpe;J nfhz;l Fiwpfs;> mjid mDkjpj;jhy; kjpdhtpy; K];ypk;fs; ngUfp FiwpfSf;F
vjpuhfj; jpus;thhfs; vd;W vz;zp mtHfs; `p[;uj; nra;tjw;F Kd;dH nfhiy nra;J tpl jpl;lkpl;lhHfs;.
Mdhy; ,iwaUshy; egp (]y;) mtHfs; Fiwpfspd; rjpj; jpl;lq;fspy; ,Ue;J fhg;ghw;wg;gl;lhHfs;. ,iwf;
fl;lisg;gb egp (]y;) mtHfSk;> mtHfspd; NjhoH mGgf;fH (uyp) mtHfSk; ,uNthL ,uthf `p[;uj;
gazj;ijj; njhlq;fpdhHfs;. EgpfshH jg;gpj;J tpl;lij mwpe;j Fiwpfs;> egp (]y;) mtHfis kjpdh
nry;Yk; topapNyNa nfhd;W tplj; jpl;lkpl;lhHfs;. ,jid mwpe;J nfhz;l egpfshUk;> mtHfsJ NjhoH
mGgf;fH (uyp) mtHfSk; jt;H vd;Dk; FifapDs; xope;J nfhz;lhHfs;. Egpfshiuj; Njb Fifapd; mUfpy;
te;j vjphpfsplkpUe;Jk; my;yh`; jdJ J}jiuAk;> mtuJ NjhoiuAk; ghJfhj;Jf; nfhz;lhd;.

13. gj;U Aj;jk; elg;gjw;Fj; J}z;LNfhshf ,Ue;j epfo;r;rpfisf; $W?
kjpdh te;j gpd;dH ehSf;F ehs; K];ypk;fspd; vz;zpf;if ngUfp tUtijf; fz;l Fiwpfs;
gag;glyhdhHfs;. K];ypk;fspd; ngUf;fk; FiwpfSf;F Mgj;jhf KbAk; vd;W vz;zp K];ypk;fNshL NghH
nra;J mtHfis mopf;fj; jahuhdhHfs;. Mjw;fhd re;jHg;gj;jpw;fhff; fhj;Jf;nfhz;bUe;jhHfs;. ,jw;fpilNa
mtHfspd; czHitj; J}z;LtJ Nghy; 2 epfo;r;rpfs; mq;F ele;jd. Mg;Jy;yh`; ,g;D [`;]; vd;gtH
jiyikapy; 12 NgH nfhz;l csTf; $l;lk; ef;yh vd;w ,lj;jpy; te;J nfhz;bUe;j tpahghuf; $l;lj;jpy;
`y;ukp vd;gtid egpfshhpd; fl;lisf;F vjpuhff; nfhiy nra;J tpLfpd;whHfs;. ,J jtpu mG+ Rg;ahd;
vd;gthpd; jiyikapy; ]phpahtpy;,Ue;J jpUk;gp te;J nfhz;bUe;j xU tpahghuf; $l;lk; kjpdhtpw;F mUfpy;
tUk; NghJ mjid topkwpf;Fk; Kfkhf xU rpW gilia egpatHfs; mDg;Gfpd;whHfs;. ,jidf; Nfs;tpg;
gl;lJk; cjtpf;F xU gilia mDg;GkhW mG+Rg;ahd; kf;fhtpw;F J}J mDg;Gfpd;whH. ,JNt gj;U Aj;jk;
elg;gjw;F xU J}z;Lnfhyhf mike;J tpLfpd;wJ.

14. c`j; Aj;jj;jpd; fhl;rpfisr; RUf;fkhff; $W?
3000 NgHfs; nfhz;l ngUk; gilAld; K];ypk;fis mopf;Fk; jpl;lj;Jld; Fiwpfs; `p[;hp 3 Mk; Mz;L
kjpdhtpw;F mUfpy; c`J kiy mbthuj;jpy; Kw;WifapLfpd;wdH. ,tHfis re;jpf;f egpatHfSk; 700 NgH
nfhz;l NghH tPuHfSld; fsj;jpy; ,wq;F fpd;whHfs;. NghH elf;Fk; NghJ K];ypk;fspd; gilia vjphpfs;
gpd;Gwkhf te;J jhf;fhky; ,Uf;f 50 NgH nfhz;l xU gilia mg;Jy;yh ,g;D [{igH jiyikapy;
epWj;Jfpd;whHfs;. mthfsplk; vf;fhuzk; nfhz;Lk; me;j ,lj;ij tpl;L efu Ntz;lhk; vd;Wk;

mwpTWj;Jfpd;whHfs;. Nghhpy; K];ypk;fspd;if Xq;fTk;> vjphpfs; nghUl;fis tpl;L tpl;L Xl;lk;
vLf;fpd;whHfs;. K];ypk;fs; mtHfs; tpl;Lr; nrd;w nghUl;fis (md;/ghy;) vLf;f KaYfpd;whHfs;. ,ijf;
fz;l fhty;gilAk; egpfshhpd; fl;lisf;F khwhf md;/ghiy vLf;Fk; Nehf;fj;Jld; Xb tUfpd;whhfs;. ,e;j
re;jHg;gj;ijg; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhz;l vjphpfs;> K];ypk;fis gpd;Gwkhf te;J jhf;fp> mtHfis epiyFiyar;
nra;J tpLfpd;whHfs;. ,jdhy; ngUk; ntw;wpia je;jpUf;f Ntz;ba c`J Aj;jk; K];ypk;fSf;F
gpd;dilitNa Vw;gLj;jp tpLfpd;wJ.

15. `{ijgpah cld;gbf;if K];ypk;fSf;F ntw;wpiaj; je;jJ vt;thW?
`{ijgpah cld;gbf;ifapd; tpjpKiwfs; midj;Jk; ntspg;gilahf xU jiyg;gl;rkhfTk;> K];ypk;fSf;F
vjpuhfTk; ,Ug;gJ Nghy; Njhd;wpdhYk;> mJ K];ypk;fSf;F ntw;wpiaNa je;jJ. ,jdhy; `p[;hp 7 Mk; Mz;L
K];ypk;fs; kf;fhtpy; vjphpfspd; gak; ,y;yhky; ck;uh nra;a Kbe;jJ. 10 Mz;Lfs; K];ypk;fSk;> FiwpfSk;
rz;ilaplf; $lhJ vd;gJk; ,jd; tpjpKiwfspy; xd;whFk;. ,jdhy; Fiwpfspd; NghH mghak; ,y;yhJ
Ngha K];ypk;fs; ,];yhj;ij vj;jp itf;Fk; gzpapy; KO %r;rhf nray;gl Kbe;jJ. ,Jtiu gifAzHTld;
ele;J nfhz;l FiwpfSk; K];ypk;fSld; el;GwTld; goFk; epiy Vw;gl;lJ. K];ypk;fspd; ey;y
nray;fisf; fz;lJk;> mtHfsplk; kdkhWjy;fs; Vw;glyhapd. ,];yhk; Kd; vg;NghJk; ,y;yhj mstpw;F
Ntfkhf gutj; njhlq;fpaJ. ,Wjpapy; Fiwpfs; K];ypk;fsplk; mbgzpAk; mdtpw;F ,];yhj;jpd; if
Xq;fpaJ.

njhOif - tpdhb tpdh

1. ,iwth vd;; ghtq;fis kd;dpj;jUs;thahf ,d;Dk; cd; mUs; thriy vdf;fhf jpwe;J itg;ghahf vd
ehk; Ntz;LtJ vg;NghJ?
gazk; nry;Yk; NghJ
cwq;fr; nry;Yk; Kd;
gs;spthrYf;Fs; EioAk; NghJ (rhp)

2. njhOiff;F kpfTk; mtrpakhdJ vJ?
njhOiff;F kpfTk; mtrpakhdJ xS.

3. xS nra;J Kbj;jJk; vd;d Xj Ntz;Lk;?
(m;`J my;yh,yh` ,y;yy;yh`{ t m;`J md;d K`k;kjd; mg;J`{ tu]{Y`{.)

4. njhOif vg;nghOJ flikahf;fg;gl;lJ?
egp (]y;) mtHfspd; kp`;uh[; gazj;jpd; nghOJ flikahf;fg;gl;lJ.

5. %d;W Kiwf;F Nky; xS nra;Ak; cWg;igf; fOtyhkh?
$lhJ. Vnddpy;> egp (]y;) mtHfs;> ahH xS nra;Ak; nghOJ cWg;Gf;fis %d;W Kiwf;F Nky;
fOTfpwhNuh mtH tuk;G kPwp tpl;lhH vd;W $wpAs;shHfs;. Mjhuk; : ,g;D kh[h.

6. xS nra;Ak; nghOJ vd;d Xj Ntz;Lk;?
xS nra;Ak; nghOJ> xS nra;fpd;Nwhk; vd;w vz;zj;Jld; gp];kpy;yh`; vd;W $w Ntz;Lk;.

7. jf;gPhpd; NghJ ,U iffisak; vt;thW caHj;j Ntz;Lk;?
mg;Jy;yh ,g;D ckH (uyp) mtHfs; $Wfpd;whHfs;> egp (]y;) mtHfs; njhOifapy; jf;gpH $wpdhHfs;. jf;gPH
$Wk; NghNj jkJ iffis jkJ Njhs; G[q;fSf;F Neuhf caHj;jpdhhfs;. vdNt> jf;gPhpd; NghJ
Nkw;fz;lthW iffis caHj;Jjy; flikahapw;W.

8. xS nra;Ak; NghJ xt;nthU cWg;igAk; vj;jid Kiw fOt Ntz;Lk;?
xU KiwNah my;yJ ,U KiwNah my;yJ %d;W KiwNah fOt Ntz;Lk;.

9. /ghj;jp`h #uh Xjp Kbj;jgpd; Xj Ntz;banjd;d?
/ghj;jp`h #uh Xjp Kbj;j gpd; FHMdpy; NtW trdq;fisNah> mj;jpahaq;fisNah Xj Ntz;Lk;. egp (]y;)
mtHfs; Y`hpd; Kjypuz;L uf;mj;Jfspy; #uh /ghj;jp`hitAk; NtW ,U #uhf;fisAk; XjpdhHfs;.
Rg;jkpy;yhky; xjg;gLk; Y`H njhOifapy; egpatHfs; XjpaJ vg;gbj; njhpAnkdpy; rpy Neuq;fspy; XhpU
trdq;fis vq;fSf;Fr; nrtpNaw;fr; nra;thHfs;. (mwptpg;gtH : mG+ fjhjh (uyp) Mjhuk; :- G`hhp> K];ypk;.

10. njhOk;NghJ vij Kd;Ndhf;f Ntz;Lk;?

njhOk; NghJ f/gj;Jy;yh`; ,Uf;Fk; jpiria Kd;Ndhf;fpj; njho Ntz;Lk;. Muk;gj;jpy; egp (]y;)
mtHfSk;> ]`hghf;fSk; igj;Jy; Kfj;ji] Kd;Ndhf;fpj; njhOjdH. gpd;dH> my;yh`;tpd; fl;lisg;gb
Kd;Ndhf;Fk; jpiria &$tpy; ,Ue;jthNu f/ghit Nehf;fp egp (]y;) mtHfs; khw;wpdhHfs;. Mjhuk; : G`hhp.

11. jf;gPH fl;baTld; Xj Ntz;baJ vd;d?
jf;gPH fl;ba gpwF my;yh`{k;k gh,j; igdp my;yJ t[;[`j;J ,uz;by; VNjDk; xd;iw Xj Ntz;Lk;. egp
(]y;) mtHfs; njhOifapy; /ghj;jp`h #uhit XJk; Kd; rpwpJ Neuk; nksdkhf epd;wJ Fwpj;J mG+
`{iuuh (uyp) mtHfs; Nfl;ljw;F my;yh`{k;k gh,j; igdp Xjpajhf egp (]y;) mtHfs; $wpdhHfs;.
Mjhuk; : G`hhp.

12. njhOifapy; Muk;g JMit xjpa gpwF vd;d Xj Ntz;Lk;?
njhOifapy; Muk;g JMit Xjpa gpd; #uj;Jy; /ghj;jp`hit Xj Ntz;Lk;. /ghj;jp`h #uhit Xjtpy;iy
vdpy; njhOif G+uzkhfhJ. Vnddpy; vtH /ghj;jp`h #uhit Xjtpy;iyNah mtUf;F njhOif ,y;iy>
vd;W egp (]y;) mtHfs; $wpAs;shHfs;. Mjhuk; : K];ypk;.

13. xStpw;F mtrpakhdJ vJ?
xStpw;F mtrpakhdJ epa;aj;.

14. epa;aj; vd;why; vd;d?
epa;aj; vd;w mugp thHj;ijf;F kdjhy; epidj;jy; vd;W nghUs;.

15. ,];yhj;ij Vw;w gpd; Kjd;Kjyhf filgpbf;f Ntz;ba flik vJ?
,];yhj;ij Vw;w gpd; Kjd;Kjyhf filgpbf;f Ntz;ba flik njhOif

16. Rj;jk; vj;jid tifg;gLk; ? Mit ahit?
Rj;jk; ,uz;L tifg;gLk; : 1) my; k/dtpa;ah 2) my; `p];]pah.

17. my; k/dtpa;ah vd;why; vd;d?
my; k/dtpa;ah vd;why;> ,iw epuhfhpg;G> Nfhgk;> eatQ;rfk; Nghd;w nfl;l nray;fspy; ,Ue;J cs;sk;
Rj;jkiljy; vd;gjhFk;.

18. my; `p];]pah vd;why; vd;d?
cliy mRj;jkhf;ff; $batw;wpypUe;J> mjhtJ rpWePH> clYwT> kyk; Nghd;w mRj;jq;fspypUe;J ePq;fp>
cliyj; Jha;ikg;gLj;Jtijf; Fwpf;Fk;.

19. TStpd; rpwg;Gf;fs; ahit?
egp (]y;) mtHfs; $wpdhHfs; : K];ypkhd xU mbahd; my;yJ xU K/kpd; TS nra;J Kfj;ijf; fOtpdhy;>
mtd; ghHitahy; nra;j ghtq;fs; midj;Jk; jz;zPUld; Ngha;tpLfpwJ. ,d;Dk; ,U iffisf; fOtpdhy;>
iffspdhy; nra;j ghtk; jz;zPUld; Ngha; tpLfpd;wJ. ,U ghjq;fisf; fOtpdhy;> ghjq;fspdhy; nra;j
ghtk; Ngha; tpLfpd;wJ. ghtj;jpypue;J Rj;jkilAk; tiu - midj;J ghtq;fSk; Ngha; tpLfpd;wd.

njhOifapd; jpwT Nfhs; Rj;jk; vd egp (]y;) mtHfs; $wpdhHfs;. mwptpg;ghsH : myp ,g;D mgpjhypg;.
cq;fspy; xUtuJ njhOifia - mtUf;F T@ ePq;fp tpl;lhy; kPz;Lk; T@tpd; nra;J njhohj tiu mjid
my;yh`; Vw;Wf; nfhs;tjpy;iy. (K];ypk;)

20. T@tpd; epge;jidfs; ahit?
epa;aj; - T@ nra;tjhf kdjpy; epidf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,ij ehthy; nkhopa Ntz;ba mtrpakpy;iy.
Rj;jkhd jz;zPiu cgNahfpj;jy; (kio ePH> fly;ePH> fpzw;W ePH) my;yJ e[P]; fye;jjhy; epwNkh> RitNah
my;yJ thrNkh khwpaJ. (cjhuzkhf : Xlf; $ba jz;zPH)
T@tpd; cWg;Gf;fis kiwf;ff; $baitfis ePf;Fjy;. mjhtJ cWg;Gf;Fs; jz;zPH nry;yhky; jLf;Fk;
midj;ijAk; ePf;f Ntz;Lk;. (cjhuzkhf : fdkhd ngapz;l;> vz;nza;> ,Wf;fkhff; fl;bapUf;Fk;
iff;fbfhuk; Nghd;wit.).

21. T@tpd; gHSfs; ahit?
TStpd; gHSfs;:
1) Kfj;ijg; G+uzkhff; fOTjy; (mjDld; tha; nfhg;gypj;J ehrpf;Fk; jz;zPH nrYj;j Ntz;Lk;.
2) Koq;if tiu ,U iffisAk; fOTjy;.
3) jiyiaAk;> ,U fhJfisAk; jz;zPH njhl;Lj; jlTjy;
4) fZf;fhy; tiu ,uz;L fhy;fisAk; fOTjy;.
5) njhlHr;rpahfTk; ,ilntsp ,y;yhkYk; nra;jy;.

22. T@tpd; Rd;dj;Jf;fs; ahit?
1) gp];kpy;yh nrhy;jy;
2) fuq;fis %d;W Kiw fOTjy;> tpuy;fisf; File;J fOTjy;
3) %d;W Kiw tha; nfhg;gspg;gJk;> ehrpf;Fj; jz;zPH nrYj;jp fOTjYk;
4) %d;W Kiw Kfj;ijf; fOTjy;
5) jhbiaf; File;J fOTjy;
6) kzpf;fl;L tiu tyJ ifiaAk; gpd;G ,lJ fhiyAk; %d;W Kiw fOTjy;
7) jiyia Kd; Gwj;jpypUe;J gpd;Gwk; tiu k];`{r; nra;jy;
8) fZf;fhy; tiu tyJ fhiyA;> gpd;G ,lJ fhiyAk; %d;W Kiw fOTjy;
9) vy;yhr; nray;fisAk; tyjhy; Muk;gpj;jy;
10) njhlHr;rpahfr; nra;jy;.

23. T@it Kwpf;Fk; fhhpaq;fs; ahit?
1) ky [yk; fopj;jy; my;yJ gpd; Jthuj;jpypUe;J fhw;W ntspahFjy;
2) Mokhd Jhf;fk; my;yJ RaepidT ,y;yhky; NghFjy;
3) jpiu ,y;yhky; kHk cWg;Gfisj; njhLjy;
4) xl;lf ,iwr;rp rhg;gpLjy;

24. T@r; nra;j gpd; $w Ntz;ba JMitf; Fwpg;gplTk;.
m;`J my;yh ,yh` ,y;yy;yh`{ t`;j`{ yh hPfy`{ t m;`J md;d K`k;kjd; mg;J`{ t
u]{Y`{.
tzq;fg;gLgtd; my;yh`;itad;wp NtnwtUkpy;iy. mtd; jdpj;jtd;. mtDf;F ,izapy;iy vd> ehd;
cWjpahfr; rhl;rp $WfpNwd;. NkYk; epr;rakhf K`k;kJ (]y;) mtHfs; mtDila mbahUk;> mtdpd;
JhjuhfTk; ,Uf;fpd;whHfs; vdTk; ehd; rhl;rp $Wfpd;Nwd;.
my;yh`{k;k[;my;dP kpdj; jt;thgPd t[;my;dp kpdy; Kjj`;`phPd;.
ah my;yh`;! vd;id ght kPl;rp ngw;wtHfspy; Mf;fp itg;ghahf! ,d;Dk; Rj;jkhf;fp nfhz;ltHfspYk; vd;id
Mf;fp itg;ghahf!

25. [{k;Mj; njhOifapy; ,uz;lhtJ uf;mj;jpy; U$tpw;Fg; gpd;G xUtH te;J njhOifapy; NrHe;jhy; mtH
vj;jid uf;mj;Jf;fs; njhOf Ntz;Lk;?
ehd;F uf;mj;Jf;fs;

26. nrhy;tjw;F ,Nyrhd> kP]hd; vd;Dk; vilj; jl;by; fdkhd> u`;khDf;F gpbj;jkhd ,uz;L nrhw;fs;
(jpf;H) vd;W egp (]y;) mtHfs; Rl;bf; fhl;ba me;j jpf;H vd;d? mjd; nghUs; vd;d?
Rg;`hdy;yh`p tgp `k;jp`p> Rg;`hdy;yh`py; moPk;.
kfj;Jtkpf;f my;yh`;tpd; Gfiof; nfhz;L Jjpf;fpd;Nwd;.
kfj;Jtkpf;f my;yh`; kpfj; Jha;ikahdtd;.

27. ,khKld; xNu xU egH kl;Lk; ,Ue;jhy;> ,khk; my;yhj kw;wtH vq;F epw;f Ntz;Lk;?
,khKf;Fg; gpd;dhy; epw;f Ntz;Lk;.

28. njhOiff;Fj; jahuhFk; NghJ ftdpf;f Ntz;ba Kf;fpa mk;rq;fs; vJ?
Kf;fpa mk;rq;fs; ehd;F. mit :
1) cly; J}a;ik 2) cil J}a;ik 3) kdj;J}a;ik 4. ,lj; J}a;ik

29. njhOiff;F ve;jj; jpiria Kd;Ndhf;f Ntz;Lk;?
NjhOiff;F fpg;yh ,Uf;Fk; jpirahd Nkw;F jpiria Kd;Ndhf;f Ntz;Lk;.

30. XS nra;J Kbj;jJk; xJk; Jmtpdhy; ekf;F vd;d gyd;?
XS nra;J Kbj;jJk; XJk; Jmtpdhy; ekf;fhf RtHf;fj;jpd; vl;L thapy;fs; jpwe;J ,Uf;Fk;.

31. njhOifia tpl;ltdpd; epiygw;wp FHMd; `jP]; vd;d $Wfpd;wJ?
Vtd; Ntz;Lnkd;Nw njhOifia tpl;L tpLfpd;whNdh mtd; my;yh`;it epuhfhpj;J tpl;lhd;. Mjhuk; :
K];ypk;.
nrhHf;fthrpfs; ]fH vd;Dk; eufj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk; Fw;wthspfis tprhhpg;ghHfs;. Cq;fis ]fH vd;Dk;
eufj;jpy; GFj;jpaJ vJ? vd;W Nfl;ghHfs;. Mjw;F mtHfs; ehq;fs; njhof; $batHfshf ,y;iyNa vdf;
ifNrjg;gLthHfs;.

32. njhOiff;F Kf;fpaj;Jtk; mspf;Fk; egpnkhop xd;W $W.
,k;uhd; ,g;D `{I]d; (uyp) mtHfs; mwptpf;fpd;whHfs; :
egp (]y;) mtHfs; $wpdhHfs;> eP epd;W njhO> mjw;F rf;jp ngwtpy;iy vd;why;> cl;fhHe;J njhO. Mjw;Fk;
rf;jp ngwtpy;iy vd;why;> xO gf;fkhfr; rha;e;J njhO. mjw;Fk; rf;jp ngwtpy;iy vd;why; irf;fpid (Rl;bf;
fhl;Ljy;) %yk; njhO vd;W $wpdhHfs;.

33. njhOifia vt;thW njho Ntz;Lk; vd;gij tpsf;Ff.
NjhOifia egp (]y;) mtHfs; fhl;bj; je;j Kiwg;gb njho Ntz;Lk;. vnddpy; egp (]y;) mtHfs;
$wpdhHfs; : Vd;id vt;thW njhof; fz;BHfNsh mt;thNw ePq;fSk; njhOq;fs;. (Gfhhp).
NkYk; ehk; ,iwtid ghHf;fh tpl;lhYk;> ,iwtd; ek;ikg; ghHj;Jf; nfhz;L ,Uf;fpd;whd; vd;w vz;zj;jpy;
njho Ntz;Lk;.

34. ghj;jp`h #uh Xjh tpl;lhy; njhOif $Lkh? Mjhuj;Jld; tpsf;Ff.
$lhJ. Vnddpy; egp (]y;) mtHfs; ahH /ghj;jp`h #uh Xjtpy;iyNah mtUf;F njhOif ,y;iy vdf;
$wpAs;shHfs;. Mjhuk;:K];ypk;.
/ghj;jp`h #uh gpwF ekf;F njhpe;J #uhf;fis Xj Ntz;Lk;. ,jw;F Mjuhkhf xU `jP]; tUfpwJ. MG+
fjhjh (uyp) mtHfs; mwptpf;fpd;whHfs;. egp (]y;) mtHfs; Y`iuAk;> m]iuAk; vq;fSf;F njho
itj;jhHfs;. ,jpy; Kjypuz;L uf;mj;Jf;fspYk; /ghj;jp`h #uhitAk; ,d;Dk; ,uz;L #uhf;fisAk;
XjpdhHfs;. Rpy Neuq;fspy; rpy trdq;fis vq;fSf;F nrtpNaw;fr; nra;thHfs;. Kjy; ,uz;L
uf;mj;Jf;fisAk; ePl;b njho itj;jhHfs;. kw;w ,uz;L uf;mj;Jf;fspYk; /ghj;jp`h #uh Xjf; $batHfshf
,Ue;jhHfs;.

35. U$T nra;Ak; Kiwia tpsf;Ff.
1. U$T nra;Ak; nghOJ iffis caHj;j Ntz;Lk;
2. ,U iffisAk; Koq;fhy;fs; kPJ itf;f Ntz;Lk;
3. ,U iffisAk; jdJ tpyhg;Gwq;fspy; glhjthW tphpj;J itf;f Ntz;Lk;.
4. KJif rkkhf itf;f Ntz;Lk;.
5. ghpG+uzkhf epjhdkhf nra;jy; Ntz;Lk;.
egp (]y;) mtHfs; ,e;j Kiwapy; jhd; U$T nra;jhHfs;.

ngz;fs; xY> njhOif

ngz;fs; xYr; nra;Ak; NghJ jiykiwg;Gf;F NkNy k]`{r; (ifia itj;J jiyiaj; jltpf; nfhs;Sjy;)
nra;ayhkh?
Mz;fSf;F vt;thW jiyg;ghifapd; kPJ k]`{r; nra;tjw;F mDkjp toq;fg;gl;bUf;fpwNjh mt;thNw
ngz;fSk; nra;J nfhs;syhk;. Mdhy; ngz;fs; Kd; new;wp KbiaAk;> gpd; jd; jiykiwg;Gf;F NkYk;
k]`{r; nra;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
Nf; gpd; gh];
ngz;fs; gs;spthrYf;Fr; njhor; nry;yyhkh?
,iwj;J}jH (]y;) mtHfs; $wpdhHfs; :
my;yh`;tpd; ngz; mbahHfis gs;spthrYf;F tUtjpd;Wk; ePq;fs; jLf;f Ntz;lhk; (Gfhhp)
Maph (uyp) mtHfs; $wpdhHfs; :
,d;iwf;Fg; ngz;fs; (gs;spthrYf;F tUtjw;F) vd;ndd;d E}jdg; gof;f tof;fq;fisf; filgpbf;fpd;whHfs;
vd;gijg; ghHf;Fk; msTf;F mtHfs; tho;e;jpUe;jhHfs; vd;why;> ,];NuypaHfs; vt;thW jq;fsJ ngz;fis
,iwtdJ Myaj;jpw;Fs; tUtijj; jil nra;jhHfNsh mt;thW jil nra;jpUg;ghHfs;. (K];ypk;)
,q;Nf E}jdk; vd;gJ> mtHfs; gs;spf;F tUtjw;fhfj; jq;fis myq;fhpj;Jf; nfhz;Lk;> kzk; G+rpf;
nfhz;Lk;> ehfhPf cilfis mzpe;J tUtijAk; Fwpf;Fk;.
nghUs;fis thq;Fk; epkpj;jk; filfSf;Fr; nry;yf; $ba ngz;fs;> njhOif Neuj;jpd; nghOJ
filg;gFjpfspy; njhoyhkh?
Mz; fz;bg;ghf [khmj; njhOifia gs;spapy; jhd; epiwNtw;w Ntz;Lk;. ngz;fisg; nghUj;jtiu
mtHfSf;Fr; rpwe;j ,lk; mtHfsJ tPL jhd;. filg;gFjpfspy; ngz;fSf;fhd xJf;Fg; Gwq;fs;
,Uf;Fkhdhy; mq;F ngz;fs; njhOJ nfhs;tjpy; jtwpy;iy. ,iwtd; kpf mwpe;jtd;.
Nf; gpd; cijkPd;
vq;fsJ fy;Y}hpapy; ngz;fSf;fhd gs;spthry; ,Uf;fpd;wJ. me;jg; gs;spapy; ehq;fs; Y`H njhOifia
$l;lhfj; njhOJ nfhs;Nthk;. Y`H njhOifapd; nghOJ xU khztp njhOiff;fhd ghq;ifAk;>
,fhkj;ijAk; $WfpwhH. ,e;jg; ghq;Fk; ,fkhj;Jk; ngz;fSf;F mDkjpf;fg;gl;ljh?
ghq;Fk; ,fkhj;Jk; Mz;fSf;F kl;LNk gpuj;Nafkhf cs;sjhFk;> ngz;fSf;Fj; jLf;fg;gl;ljhFk;.
Nf; gpd; gh];
xU ngz; xd;gjhtJ khj fHg;gpzpahf ,Uf;fpd;whs;> ,e;j ehl;fspy; mtshy; rpWePH gphptijj; fl;Lg;gLj;j
,aytpy;iy. ,e;j epiyapy; njhOtij mts; epWj;jpf; nfhz;L tpLfpwhs;. ,t;thW njhOifia tpl;L
tpLtjw;F khHf;fj;jpy; mDkjp ,Uf;fpwjh? mjw;F vd;d nra;a Ntz;Lk;?
mg; ngz; fz;bg;ghf njhOifia tpl;L tplf; $lhJ. mts; njhOifiaj; njhlHe;J njhOJ tu Ntz;Lk;.
,tsJ ,e;j epiy K];j`jh vd;w epiyia xj;jpUg;gjhy;> xt;nthU njhOiff;F Kd;Gk; xYr; nra;J
nfhz;l gpd; mts; gQ;Rg; gl;ilia mzpe;J nfhz;L njho Ntz;Lk;. NkYk; njhOifia mts; NrHj;Jk;
njhOJ nfhs;syhk;. (mjhtJ Y`H kw;Wk; m]H njhOifiaAk;> kf;hpg; kw;Wk; ,hj; njhOifiaAk;
NrHj;Jj; njhOJ nfhs;syhk;).
,iwtd; $Wfpd;whd; :
,ad;w mstpw;F my;yh`;it ePq;fs; gae;J nfhs;Sq;fs; (64:16)
,J tiu mts; tpl;l njhOiffis mts; kPl;Lj; njhOJ nfhs;tNjhL> ele;J tpl;l jtWf;F ,iwtdplk;
kd;dpg;Gf; NfhUtNjhL> ,JNghd;w #o;epiyfspy; ehd; vg;nghOJk; njhOifia tpl khl;Nld; vd;W cWjpia
mts; vLj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.

my;yh`; $Wfpd;whd; :
tpRthrpfNs! ePq;fs; ntw;wp ngWtjw;fhf my;yh`;tpd; gf;fk; (ght kd;dpg;igf; Nfhhp) jt;ghr; nra;Aq;fs;.
(24:31)
Nf; gpd; gh];
gpurt typapd; nghOJ njho Ntz;Lkh?
xU ngz; gpurt epiyia miltJ tiuf;Fk; my;yJ khjhe;jpuj; jPl;Lf;F Kd;G tiuf;Fk; njhOifiaf;
fz;bg;ghff; fil gpbj;jhf Ntz;Lk;. Mdhy; mg; ngz; ,uj;j xOf;if gpurtj;jpw;F Kd;Ngh my;yJ gpd;Ngh
fz;lhy;> ,J jhd; gpurtj; jPl;Lila NeukhFk;. ,e;j epiyapy; mts; njhOj Ntz;bajpy;iy. mts; ,uj;j
xOf;iff; fhztpy;iy vd;why; mts; fz;bg;ghfj; njho Ntz;Lk;. vt;thW xU Nehahsp NtjidAld;
njhOifiaj; njhOthNuh> mijg; Nghy ,JTk; xU Nehiag; Nghd;wNj vdf; fzpj;J njhOifia
epiwNtw;Wjy; mtrpak;.
Nf; gpd; [pg;hPd;
ehd; vd;Dila khjhe;jpuj; jPl;Lj; jpdq;fspd; fhuzkhf tpLgl;l Nehd;Gfis> ukshd; my;yhj fhyq;fspy;
kPl;L kPz;Lk; Nehd;G itf;fpd;w gof;fk; cs;stsy;y. Mdhy; ,g;nghOJ ehd; mtw;iw kPl;L Nehd;G itf;f
ehLfpd;Nwd;. vdf;F tpLgl;l Nehd;Gfs; vj;jid vd;gJ vdf;Fj; njhpahJ. ,e;j epiyapy; ehd; vt;thW
tpLgl;l me;j ehl;fisf; fzf;fpl;L Nehd;G Nehw;gJ?
cq;fsJ epidTf;F vj;jid ehl;fs; mjpfgl;rkhf tUfpwNjh> mj;jid ehl;fisAk; Nehd;G Nehw;W> NeHe;J
tpl;l jtWf;fhf ,iwtdplk; ght kd;dpg;Gj; NjLtJk; mtrpakhFk;.
Nf; gpd; gh];
ukshd; khjj;jpd; Kjy; ehsd;W> #hpa cjaj;jpw;Fg; gpd;G vd;Dila khjhe;jpuj; jPl;L epw;fpd;wJ. md;iwa
ehisa Nehd;ig ehd; Nehw;f Ntz;Lkh? ehd; Nehw;fpd;w me;j Nehd;G Vw;Wf; nfhs;sj;jf;fjh? my;yJ me;j
ehis ehd; kPl;nlLj;J kPz;Lk; Nehd;G itf;f Ntz;Lkh?
cq;fsJ khjhe;jpuj; jPl;L #hpa cjaj;Jld; my;yJ mjw;F Kd;G epd;W tpLkhhy;> ePq;fs; Fspg;gijj;
jhkjg;gLj;jpdhYk; $l cq;fsJ Nehd;G Vw;Wf; nfhs;sj;jf;fJ. #hpa cjaj;jpw;Fg; gpd;Gk; ,uj;jg; Nghf;F
epw;ftpy;iy vdpy;> ePq;fs; Nehd;ig tplhky; itj;jpUg;gNjhL> me;j ehis kPz;Lk; kPl;L Nehd;G itf;f
Ntz;Lk;.
- Nf; gpd; [pg;hPd;

njhOJ nfhz;bUf;Fk; NghJ (Nfs;tp-gjpy;)
my; [d;dj;> my;KgPd;> me;e[;[hj; - y; ntspte;jitfspd; njhFg;G

njhOJ nfhz;bUf;Fk; NghJ rpy jtwhd vz;zq;fs; Njhd;Wfpd;wd. ,jdhy; njhOif $Lkh?
njhOk; NghJ rpy jtwhd vz;zq;fs; Vw;gLtJ ,ay;Ng. ,J ij;jhdpd; J}z;Ljyhy; Vw;gLtjhFk;.
njhOiff;F ghq;F $wg;gl;lhy; ij;jhd; jdJ (gpd; Jthuj;jpy;) fhw;iw ntspg;gLj;jpatdhf ghq;if
Nfl;fhj msTf;F gpd;Ndhf;fp XLfpwhd;. ghq;F $wpKbj;J tpl;lhy; Kd;Ndhf;fp tUfpwhd;. ,fhkj;
$wg;gl;lhy; gpd;Ndhf;fp XLfpwhd;. ,fhkj; $wp Kbf;fg; gl;ljk; Kd;Ndhf;fp te;J kdpjDf;Fk; mtdJ
cs;sj;jpw;Fk; ,ilNa CLWtp '',ij epid mij epid"" vd ,Jtiu epidf;fhjitfis
epidf;ff;$Wfpwhd;. ,Wjpapy; jhd; vj;jidahtJ uf;mj;j njhOfpNwhk; vd;gij mwpahj kdpjdhf mtid
Mf;Ffpwhd; vd;w egp(]y;) $wpajhf mg+`{iuuh(uyp) mwptpf;fpd;whHfs;. (Gfhhp> K];ypk;> mg+jh¥j;> e]aP>
Kmj;jh)
ij;jhdpd; J}z;Ljyhy; jhd; ,J Nghd;w jPa vz;zk; jtwhd rpe;jid Vw;gLfpwJ> ,ij jtpHf;f ehk;
ek;ik gf;Ftg;gLj;jpl Ntz;Lk;.
egp(]y;) mtHfs; 'fpg;yh" jpirapy; cs;s Rtw;wpy; vr;rpiyf; fz;lhHfs;. mijr; Ruz;b tpl;L kf;fis
Nehf;fp ''cq;fspy; xUtH njhOk; NghJ jk; Kfj;Jf;F vjpuhf ckpof; $lhJ. Vd; vdpy; mtH njhOk;
NghJ ,iwtd; mtUf;F Kd;dpiyapy; ,Uf;fpwhd;.""vd;W $wpdhHfs; vd mg+Jy;yh`; ,g;D ckH(uyp)
mwptpf;fpd;whHfs;. (Gfhhp)
ek;Kd;Nd ,iwtd; ,Uf;fpwhd;. ek;ik fz;fhzpf;fpd;whd; vd;W vz;zp njhOifapy; epd;why; $Lkhdtiu
ij;jhdpd; jPq;if tpl;Lk; mfyyhk;. njhOiff;F mg;ghw;gl;l vz;zk; Vw;gl;lhYk; njhOif $btpLk;.
,Ug;gpDk; me;j vz;zq;fs; Vw;glhjthW jtpHf;f Ntz;Lk;.

njhOJ nfhz;bUg;gtUf;F Kd; (FWf;Nf) elg;gJ gw;wpa vr;rhpf;if
njhOJ nfhz;bUg;gtUf;F Kd; (FWf;Nf) elf;ff; $batH> jd;kPJ vd;d jz;lid cz;L vd;gij
mwpthuhdhy;> ehw;gJ (jhkjpj;J) epd;W tpLtJ (njhOgtuhd) mtUf;F Kd; (FWf;Nf) elg;gij tpl
mtUf;F kpfr; rpwe;jjhFk; vd my;yh`;tpd; J}jH (]y;) mtHfs; $wpdhHfs;.
`jP]py; ,lk; ngw;Ws;s ehw;gJ vd;gjd; fUj;J ehw;gJ ehl;fs;> my;yJ 40 khjq;fs; my;yJ 40 tUlq;fs;
vdf; $wpdhHfsh vd;gJ vdf;Fj; njhpatpy;iy vd (,e;j `jP]pd; mwptpg;ghsuhfpa) mGe;e];U $wpAs;shH.
(njhOJ nfhz;bUg;gtUf;F Kd; (FWf;Nf) elg;gjd; Fw;wk; gw;wpa ghlk;> ghfk; 1 y; GfhhP ,ijg; gjpT
nra;Js;shHfs;).
NkYk;> ,g;D Fi[kh mtHfspd; mwptpg;gpy; ehw;gJ fhPg; vd te;Js;sJ. ,g;D `[H mjid rhpahd
juj;ijAilaJ vdTk; $wpdhHfs;. njhOJ nfhz;bUg;gtUf;F Kd; mtUila ][;jh nra;Akplj;ijf; fle;J
(FWf;Nf) nry;tjhdJ – mjpy; ghtk; kw;Wk; fz;bg;G cz;L vd;gij ,e;j `jP]; mwptpj;Jf;
nfhz;bUf;fpd;wJ.
NkYk;> njhOJ nfhz;bUg;gtUf;F Kd; FWf;Nf) ele;J nry;gtH ghtj;jhy; jd;kPJ vd;d (jz;lid)
cs;sJ vd;gij mwptPuhdhy; ehw;gJ Mz;Lfs; (tiu) mtH epd;W tpLthH.
njhOJ nfhz;bUg;gtH - mtH ][;jh nra;fpd;w NghJ ,U iffis itf;Fkplj;jpd; kPJ vd;W Fwpg;gpl;Lf;
fhl;Lk; `jP]pd; njsptpw;nfhg;g> (njhOgtuhd) mthpd; ][;jh nra;Akplj;jpypUe;J J}ukhf (fle;J
nry;gtuhfpa) mtH (FWf;Nf) ele;J tpl;lhy; mthpd; kPj (Fw;wk;) VJkpy;iy vd ,e;j `jP]; njhptpj;Jf;
nfhz;bUf;fpd;wJ.
kdpjHfspypUe;J (mtHfs; FWf;Nf nry;yhJ) jd;id kiwj;J(j; jLj;J)f; nfhs;Sk; xd;wpd;ghy; cq;fspy;
xUtH njhOJ nfhz;bUf;Fk; NghJ mtUf;F Kd; (FWf;Nf) fle;J nry;y xUtH ehbdhy;> mtUila
fOj;jpy;(ifitj;Jj;) js;sTk;> gpd;dH mtH kPwp tpl;lhy; mtid mtH Ntfkhfj; js;sTk;> fhuzk; :
epr;rakhf mtNd ij;jhd; vd;w ]y;yy;yh`{ miy`p t]y;yk; mtHfspd; $w;wpd; epkpj;jk; (1). njhOJ
nfhz;bUg;gtH jdf;F Kd; xU kiwg;ig itg;gJk; flikahfk;. Vndd;why;> (njhOJ nfhz;bUg;gtUf;F
FWf;Nf) fle;J nry;gtH vr;rhpf;ifahfp mtUf;F Kd; (FWf;Nf) nry;tij mtH jtpHj;Jf; nfhs;thH.
(1) ,jid GfhhP kw;Wk; K];ypk; xUkpj;Jg; gjpT nra;Js;shHfs;)
,khk; GfhhP mtHfs; gjpT nra;Js;s ,e;j rhpahd `jP]{k;> njhOJ nfhz;bUg;gtUf;F Kd; (FWf;Nf)
fle;J nry;tijg; gw;wp vr;rhpj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpwNj me;j `jP]{k; - mtw;wpd; nghJthd fUj;J k];[pJy;
`uhk; - kf;fj;Jg; gs;spiaAk;> kjPdj;J egtpiaAk; jd;dpy; vLj;Jf; nfhs;Sk;> mJ Vnddpy; epr;rakhf
my;yh`;tpd; J}jH (]y;) mtHfs;> ,e;j `jPi]f; $wpa NghJ kf;fhtpy; my;yJ kjPdhtpy; itj;Jj; jhd;
$wpAs;shHfs;. ,d;Dk; mjw;Fhpa Mjhuk; gpd;tUkhW :
njhOJ nfhz;bUg;gtH jdf;F Kd; FWf;Nf fle;J nry;gtiuj; jLg;ghH vd;gJ gw;wpa ghlk;) gj;`_ ghfk;
1/582 y; GfhhP $WfpwhHfs; : ,g;D ckH (uyp) mtHfs; j`;jp(d; ,Ug;gpYk;> f/ghtpYk; jdf;F Kd;
(FWf;Nf) fle;J nrd;wtiuj; jLj;J> ePH mtiuf; nfhy;Ytijj; jtpu (kw;nwijAk;) mtH kWj;J tpl;lhy;
mtiuf; nfhd;W tpL vd;Wk; $wpdhHfs;. (,jw;F tpsf;fk; $Wkplj;J) `hgps; mtH gj;`_tpy; $WfpwhHfs; :
(,q;F) f/ghit gpuj;jpNafkhff; Fwpg;gpl;l jd; fhuzk; :(f/ghthfpa) mJ> neUf;fbf;Fhpa ,lkhjyhy; mq;F
(njhOJ nfhz;bUg;gtUf;F Kd; FWf;Nf) fle;J nry;tJ kd;dpf;fg;gl;L tplyhk; vd (ahUk; jtwhf)
vz;zp tplf; $lhJ vd;gjw;fhfNtahFk;. (,g;D ckH FWf;Nf nrd;wtiu jLj;jJ gw;wp Nkw;$wg;gl;l
(egpj;Njhohpd; nrayhd) m]iu GfhhP ,khKila if; mG+ EIk; jdJ njhOif E}ypy; mwptpg;Gj; njhlH
,ize;jJ (Jz;bf;fg;glhjJ) vdTk; jpz;zkhff; $wpAs;shHfs;.
NkYk; mG+jhT+J jdJ Rddpy; gjpT nra;Js;s me;j `jP]; - mjpy; (mwptpg;ghsHfspy;) mwpag;glhjtH
cs;sjhy; mJ rhpaw;wjhFk;. ,Njh mjd; thf;fpaj;njhlH : gD} ]`;k; thaiy mLj;Js;s gFjpapy; egp
(]y;) mtHfs; njhOgtHfshf (f]Phpd; ghl;ldhuhfpa) mtH epr;rakhff; fz;lhH. me;epiyapy; kdpjHfs;
mtHfSf;F Kd; fle;J (FWf;Nf) nrd;W nfhz;LkpUe;jdH. mt;tpUtUf;Fkpilapy; vt;tpj kiwg;Gk; (jpiuj;
jLg;Gk;) ,Uf;ftpy;iy.

mwptpg;Gj; njhlH : 1) f]PH gpd; f]PH gpd mg;Jy; Kj;jypg; mgPtjhM mtUf;F mtuJ FLk;gj;jpdhpy; rpyH mtH
ghl;ldhH topapy;> 2) ]{/g;ahd; gpd; ciadh> 3) m`;kJ gpd; `d;gy;> 4) ,khk; mG+jhT+J
(`jP]; gw;wp tpsf;fk;)
mt;tpUtUf;Fkpilap; kiwg;G ,y;iy vd;gjd; fUj;J : (egp (]y;) mtHfs; kw;Wk; f/ghtpw;fpilapy; kiwg;G
,y;iy vd ]{/g;ahd; tpsf;fpf; $WfpwhH.
,g;D [{iu[; f]PhplkpUe;J mwptpj;jijg; gw;wp ]{/g;ahd; $WfpwhH : ,g;D [{iu[; mthplkpUe;J mwptpg;igg;
ngw;W : f]PH jkf;F jd; je;ij mwptpj;jjhf vkf;Fj; njhptpj;jhH> (mg;NghJ) mJ gw;wp mthplk; ehd;
Nfl;ljw;F> vd; je;ijaplk; mJ gw;wp ehd; nrtpNaw;ftpy;iy> vd;whYk; vd; FLk;gj;jpdH rpyhplkpUe;J vd;
ghl;ldhH njhptpj;jjhf (nrtpAw;Nwd;) vdf; $wpdhH.
,e;j `jP]; (k/Y}y; tifiar; NrHe;jjhy;) Vw;fj; jf;fjy;y vd gj;`_tpy; `hgps; mtHfs; $wptpl;lhH.
NkYk;>
mG+ [{i`/gh mtHfs; mwptpj;J (kf;fh kw;Wk; mjy;yhjtw;wpy; kiwg;G gw;wpa ghlk; vd) GfhhPapy; te;Js;sJ.
ntapy; Neuj;jpy; my;yh`;tpd; J}jH (]y;) mtHfs; Gwg;gl;L te;J (kf;fhtpYs;s) gj;`htpy; Y`H kw;Wk;
m]iu ,uz;buz;L ufmj;jhf njhOjhHfs;. NkYk;> (jdf;Fk; jdf;F Kd; nry;gtHfSf;F kiwg;ghf)
jq;fSf;F Kd; (mjd; Nky;gFjpapy; ,Uk;Gg; gpb Nghl;l) jbia el;litj;Jf; nfhz;lhHfs;.
(Nkw;fz;l rhpahd `jP]pd; njsptpy; fpilj;j) RUf;fk; : njhOJnfhz;bUg;gthpd; ][;jh nra;Akplj;ij
(FWf;Nf) fle;J nry;tJ> `ukpy; ,Ug;gpDk; mjy;yhj (kw;w ,lq;fshd)tw;wpy; ,Ug;gpdk; rhpNa epr;rakhf
jLf;fg;gl;ljhFk;. (Fwpg;ghf njhOguhd) mtH jdf;F Kd; kiwg;ig itj;jpUg;gpd; (me;epiyapy; fle;J
nry;tjpy;) Fw;wk; kw;Wk; fz;bg;G cz;L. fLk; neUf;fbapy; (fle;J nry;y) epHg;ge;jkhf;fg;gl;ltUf;F (tpjp
tpyf;Fz;L. mt;thW fle;J nry;tJ) MFkhdjhFk;.
Mjhuk; : ,];yhk; kw;Wk; <khdpd; mbg;gilfs; -
mugp %yk; : K`k;kJ gpd; [kPy; i[D} NguhrphpaH>
jhUy; `jP]; kf;fh my; KfHukh.
jkpopy; : Nf. ,f;ghy; kjdP> Jig

/gj;th me;ep]h

; Nfs;tp :
rpy ngz;fSf;F fUr;rpijT Vw;gLtJz;L. ,t;thW fUr;rpijTf;Fl;gl;l fUf;fs; rpy G+uz cUtk;
ngw;wjhfTk;> ,d;Dk; rpy FiwghL cilajhfTk; ,Uf;Fk;. ,j;jifa fUr;rpijTf;Fl;gl;l ngz;fs;
njhOif Nghd;w ,ghjj;Jf;fs; tpaj;jpy; vt;thW ele;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk; vd tpsf;fk; jUtPHfsh?
gjpy; :
fUr;rpijTf;Fl;gl;l fUthdJ kdpjdpd; Njhw;wj;ij jiy> fhy;> if ,d;Dk; ,it Nghd;w cWg;Gf;fs;>
G+uzkhd epiyapy; fUr;rpijTf;Fl;gl;lhy; gps;isg; NgWila ngz;fSf;F khHf;f tplaj;jpy; vt;thwhd
rl;lq;fs; cilaNjh mitnay;yhk; ,j;jifa epiyf;Fl;gl;l ngz;Zf;Fk; nghUe;Jk;. ,f;fhyg; gFjpapy;
mtSf;Fj; njhOif Nehd;G> fztDld; clYwT nfhs;sy; Nghd;witfspy; <Lgl KbahJ. mts; vg;NghJ
J}a;ikailfpwhNsh mg;NghJ Nkw;$wg;gl;litnay;yhk; MFkhfp tpLk;. gps;isg;NgWila ngz;fSf;fhd Mff;
$ba fhy vy;iy ehw;gJ ehl;fshFk;. ehw;gJ ehl;fSf;F Nkw;gl;Lk; ,uj;jf; frpT Vw;gbd; mJ epgh]; vDk;
gps;isg; NgWila fhykhfhJ. ,jdhy; ,j;jifa epiyf;Fl;gl;bUf;Fk; ngz; njhOif> Nehd;G> fztDld;
cwT nfhs;sy; Nghd;wtw;wpy; <Lgl KbAk;.
NkNy Nfl;fg;gl;l tpdhtpy; Fwpg;gpLtJ Nghd;w> G+uz cUtikg;G mw;w fUr;rpijTf;F cl;gl;l xU ngz;izg;
nghWj;jtiu mf;fUthdJ ntWk; rijg; gpz;lkhFk;. vdNt mjw;F gps;isg; NgWila fhy fl;lk;
Vw;Gilajy;y. khw;wkhf ,J ePhpopT Neha;f;Fl;gl;l xU ngz;Zf;Fhpa rl;lNk ,e;epiyf;Fl;gl;l
ngz;Zf;Fk;chpajhFk;. ,tSf;F njhOif Nghd;w ,ghjj;Jf;fs; flikahFk;. ,J NghyNt fztDld;
cwT nfhs;sTk; KbAk;. NkYk; ,ts; xt;nthU njhOifapd; NghJk; TO nra;J nfhs;tNjhL ghJfhg;Gf;fhf
,uj;jk; ntspg;gLk; ,lj;jpw;F Jzp> gQ;R> Nghd;wtw;iw itj;Jf; nfhs;tJk; mtrpak;. ,d;Dk; ,g;ngz;Zf;F
njhOiffis NrHj;Jj; njhOJ nfhs;sTk; KbAk;. (my;yh`; kpf mwpe;jtd;). ed;wp my;`]dhj; (Mf];L
2001).

   

njhOif

1. xStpw;F mtrpakhdJ vJ?
xStpw;F mtrpakhdJ epa;aj;.

2. epa;aj; vd;why; vd;d?
epa;aj; vd;w mugp thHj;ijf;F kdjhy; epidj;jy; vd;W nghUs;.

3. ,];yhj;ij Vw;w gpd; Kjd;Kjyhf filgpbf;f Ntz;ba flik vJ?
,];yhj;ij Vw;w gpd; Kjd;Kjyhf filgpbf;f Ntz;ba flik njhOif

4. njhOiff;F kpfTk; mtrpakhdJ vJ?
njhOiff;F kpfTk; mtrpakhdJ xS.

5. xS nra;J Kbj;jJk; vd;d Xj Ntz;Lk;?
(m;`J my;yh,yh` ,y;yy;yh`{ t m;`J md;d K`k;kjd; mg;J`{ tu]{Y`{.)

6. njhOif vg;nghOJ flikahf;fg;gl;lJ?
egp (]y;) mtHfspd; kp`;uh[; gazj;jpd; nghOJ flikahf;fg;gl;lJ.

7. %d;W Kiwf;F Nky; xS nra;Ak; cWg;igf; fOtyhkh?
$lhJ. Vnddpy;> egp (]y;) mtHfs;> ahH xS nra;Ak; nghOJ cWg;Gf;fis %d;W Kiwf;F Nky;
fOTfpwhNuh mtH tuk;G kPwp tpl;lhH vd;W $wpAs;shHfs;. Mjhuk; : ,g;D kh[h.

8. xS nra;Ak; nghOJ vd;d Xj Ntz;Lk;?
xS nra;Ak; nghOJ> xS nra;fpd;Nwhk; vd;w vz;zj;Jld; gp];kpy;yh`; vd;W $w Ntz;Lk;.

9. jf;gPhpd; NghJ ,U iffisak; vt;thW caHj;j Ntz;Lk;?
mg;Jy;yh ,g;D ckH (uyp) mtHfs; $Wfpd;whHfs;> egp (]y;) mtHfs; njhOifapy; jf;gpH $wpdhHfs;. jf;gPH
$Wk; NghNj jkJ iffis jkJ Njhs; G[q;fSf;F Neuhf caHj;jpdhhfs;. vdNt> jf;gPhpd; NghJ
Nkw;fz;lthW iffis caHj;Jjy; flikahapw;W.

10. xS nra;Ak; NghJ xt;nthU cWg;igAk; vj;jid Kiw fOt Ntz;Lk;?
xU KiwNah my;yJ ,U KiwNah my;yJ %d;W KiwNah fOt Ntz;Lk;.

11. /ghj;jp`h #uh Xjp Kbj;jgpd; Xj Ntz;banjd;d?
/ghj;jp`h #uh Xjp Kbj;j gpd; FHMdpy; NtW trdq;fisNah> mj;jpahaq;fisNah Xj Ntz;Lk;. egp (]y;)
mtHfs; Y`hpd; Kjypuz;L uf;mj;Jfspy; #uh /ghj;jp`hitAk; NtW ,U #uhf;fisAk; XjpdhHfs;.

Rg;jkpy;yhky; xjg;gLk; Y`H njhOifapy; egpatHfs; XjpaJ vg;gbj; njhpAnkdpy; rpy Neuq;fspy; XhpU
trdq;fis vq;fSf;Fr; nrtpNaw;fr; nra;thHfs;. (mwptpg;gtH : mG+ fjhjh (uyp) Mjhuk; :- G`hhp> K];ypk;.

12. njhOk;NghJ vij Kd;Ndhf;f Ntz;Lk;?
njhOk; NghJ f/gj;Jy;yh`; ,Uf;Fk; jpiria Kd;Ndhf;fpj; njho Ntz;Lk;. Muk;gj;jpy; egp (]y;)
mtHfSk;> ]`hghf;fSk; igj;Jy; Kfj;ji] Kd;Ndhf;fpj; njhOjdH. gpd;dH> my;yh`;tpd; fl;lisg;gb
Kd;Ndhf;Fk; jpiria &$tpy; ,Ue;jthNu f/ghit Nehf;fp egp (]y;) mtHfs; khw;wpdhHfs;. Mjhuk; : G`hhp.

13. jf;gPH fl;baTld; Xj Ntz;baJ vd;d?
jf;gPH fl;ba gpwF my;yh`{k;k gh,j; igdp my;yJ t[;[`j;J ,uz;by; VNjDk; xd;iw Xj Ntz;Lk;. egp
(]y;) mtHfs; njhOifapy; /ghj;jp`h #uhit XJk; Kd; rpwpJ Neuk; nksdkhf epd;wJ Fwpj;J mG+
`{iuuh (uyp) mtHfs; Nfl;ljw;F my;yh`{k;k gh,j; igdp Xjpajhf egp (]y;) mtHfs; $wpdhHfs;.
Mjhuk; : G`hhp.

14. njhOifapy; Muk;g JMit xjpa gpwF vd;d Xj Ntz;Lk;?
njhOifapy; Muk;g JMit Xjpa gpd; #uj;Jy; /ghj;jp`hit Xj Ntz;Lk;. /ghj;jp`h #uhit Xjtpy;iy
vdpy; njhOif G+uzkhfhJ. Vnddpy; vtH /ghj;jp`h #uhit Xjtpy;iyNah mtUf;F njhOif ,y;iy>
vd;W egp (]y;) mtHfs; $wpAs;shHfs;. Mjhuk; : K];ypk;.

15. U$tpy; vd;d Xj Ntz;Lk;?
kfj;Jtkpf;f ,iwtd; kpfj; J}a;ikahdtd;.

16. njhOiff;Fj; jahuhFk; NghJ ftdpf;f Ntz;ba Kf;fpa mk;rq;fs; vJ?
Kf;fpa mk;rq;fs; ehd;F. mit :
1) cly; J}a;ik 2) cil J}a;ik 3) kdj;J}a;ik 4. ,lj; J}a;ik

17. njhOiff;F ve;jj; jpiria Kd;Ndhf;f Ntz;Lk;? ,uz;L thpfspy; vOJf.
njhOiff;F fpg;yh ,Uf;Fk; jpirahd Nkw;F jpiria Kd;Ndhf;f Ntz;Lk;.

18. XS nra;J Kbj;jJk; xJk; Jmtpdhy; ekf;F vd;d gyd;?
XS nra;J Kbj;jJk; XJk; Jmtpdhy; ekf;fhf RtHf;fj;jpd; vl;L thapy;fs; jpwe;J ,Uf;Fk;.

19. njhOifia tpl;ltdpd; epiygw;wp FHMd; `jP]; vd;d $Wfpd;wJ?
Vtd; Ntz;Lnkd;Nw njhOifia tpl;L tpLfpd;whNdh mtd; my;yh`;it epuhfhpj;J tpl;lhd;. Mjhuk; :
K];ypk;.
nrhHf;fthrpfs; ]fH vd;Dk; eufj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk; Fw;wthspfis tprhhpg;ghHfs;. Cq;fis ]fH vd;Dk;
eufj;jpy; GFj;jpaJ vJ? vd;W Nfl;ghHfs;. Mjw;F mtHfs; ehq;fs; njhof; $batHfshf ,y;iyNa vdf;
ifNrjg;gLthHfs;.

20. njhOiff;F Kf;fpaj;Jtk; mspf;Fk; egpnkhop xd;W $W.
,k;uhd; ,g;D `{I]d; (uyp) mtHfs; mwptpf;fpd;whHfs; :
egp (]y;) mtHfs; $wpdhHfs;> eP epd;W njhO> mjw;F rf;jp ngwtpy;iy vd;why;> cl;fhHe;J njhO. Mjw;Fk;
rf;jp ngwtpy;iy vd;why;> xO gf;fkhfr; rha;e;J njhO. Mjw;Fk; rf;jp ngwtpy;iy vd;why; irf;fpid (Rl;bf;
fhl;Ljy;) %yk; njhO vd;W $wpdhHfs;.

21. U$T kw;Wk; ]{[{jpd; NghJ vd;d Xj Ntz;Lk; vd;gijg; nghUSld; tpsf;Ff.
U$tpd; NghJ vd;W Xj Ntz;Lk;. (kfj;Jt kpf;f ,iwtd; kpfj; J}a;ikahdtd;)
]{[{jpd; NghJ vd;W Xj Ntz;Lk; (kfj;Jt kpf;f ,iwtd; caHe;jtd;)

22. njhOifia vt;thW njho Ntz;Lk; vd;gij tpsf;Ff
NjhOifia egp (]y;) mtHfs; fhl;bj; je;j Kiwg;gb njho Ntz;Lk;. vnddpy; egp (]y;) mtHfs;
$wpdhHfs; :
Vd;id vt;thW njhof; fz;BHfNsh mt;thNw ePq;fSk; njhOq;fs;. (Gfhhp).
NkYk; ehk; ,iwtid ghHf;fh tpl;lhYk;> ,iwtd; ek;ikg; ghHj;Jf; nfhz;L ,Uf;fpd;whd; vd;w vz;zj;jpy;
njho Ntz;Lk;.

23. jf;gPH fl;b njhOifia Muk;gpj;jJk; vd;d Xj Ntz;Lk; vd;gijg; nghUSld; tpsf;Ff.

,iwth! fpof;fpw;Fk; Nkw;fpw;Fk; eP vg;gb J}uj;ij Vw;gLj;jp cs;shNah mjijg; Nghd;W vdf;Fk; vd;
jtWfSf;Fk; ,ilNa eP J}uj;ij Vw;gLj;Jthahf! Ntz;ikahd Mil mOf;fpypUe;J J}a;ikg;gLj;JtJ
Nghd;W vd;Dila ghtq;fspy; ,Ue;J vd;idj; J}a;ikg;gLj;Jthahf! ,with! vd;Dila ghtq;fisg;
gdpf;fl;bahYk; fOtp tpLthahf!

24. ghj;jp`h #uh Xjh tpl;lhy; njhOif $Lkh? Mjhuj;Jld; tpsf;Ff.
$lhJ. Vnddpy; egp (]y;) mtHfs; ahH /ghj;jp`h #uh Xjtpy;iyNah mtUf;F njhOif ,y;iy vdf;
$wpAs;shHfs;. Mjhuk;:K];ypk;.
/ghj;jp`h #uh gpwF ekf;F njhpe;J #uhf;fis Xj Ntz;Lk;. ,jw;F Mjuhkhf xU `jP]; tUfpwJ. MG+
fjhjh (uyp) mtHfs; mwptpf;fpd;whHfs;. egp (]y;) mtHfs; Y`iuAk;> m]iuAk; vq;fSf;F njho
itj;jhHfs;. ,jpy; Kjypuz;L uf;mj;Jf;fspYk; /ghj;jp`h #uhitAk; ,d;Dk; ,uz;L #uhf;fisAk;
XjpdhHfs;. Rpy Neuq;fspy; rpy trdq;fis vq;fSf;F nrtpNaw;fr; nra;thHfs;. Kjy; ,uz;L
uf;mj;Jf;fisAk; ePl;b njho itj;jhHfs;. kw;w ,uz;L uf;mj;Jf;fspYk; /ghj;jp`h #uh Xjf; $batHfshf
,Ue;jhHfs;.

25. U$T nra;Ak; Kiwia tpsf;Ff.
1. U$T nra;Ak; nghOJ iffis caHj;j Ntz;Lk;
2. ,U iffisAk; Koq;fhy;fs; kPJ itf;f Ntz;Lk;
3. ,U iffisAk; jdJ tpyhg;Gwq;fspy; glhjthW tphpj;J itf;f Ntz;Lk;.
4. KJif rkkhf itf;f Ntz;Lk;.

5. ghpG+uzkhf epjhdkhf nra;jy; Ntz;Lk;.
egp (]y;) mtHfs; ,e;j Kiwapy; jhd; U$T nra;jhHfs;.

26. XS nra;J Kbj;jJk; vd;d Xj Ntz;Lk;? nghUSld; tpsf;Ff.

tzq;fg;gLtjw;F jFjpahdtd; my;yh`;itj; jtpu vtUkpy;iy. mtd; Vfd;. MtDf;F epfuhdtH vtUk;
,y;iy vd;W cWjpahf ek;Gfpd;Nwd;. K`k;kJ (]y;) mtHfs; mtdJ J}juhfTk;> mtdJ mbahuhfTk;
,Uf;fpd;whHfs; vdTk; cWjpahf ek;Gfpd;Nwd;.

njhOif (Nfs;tp-gjpy;)
my; [d;dj;> my;KgPd;> me;e[;[hj; - y; ntspte;jitfspd; njhFg;G

ngz;fs; 'iel;b" mzpe;J nfhz;L njhoyhkh? mtHfs; njhOk; NghJ kiwf;f Ntz;baJ vd;d?
gjpy;: cs;Ns cs;sit KOikahf njhpAk; msTf;F nky;ypa MilahfTk;> ntspNa njhpahj msTf;F
fdkhd MilahfTk; ,uz;L tpjkhfTk; 'iel;b" mzpag;gLfpwJ.
cs;Ns cs;sit njhpAk; gbahd Milia njhOk; NghJ jtpHf;f Ntz;Lk;. ehk; ntl;fk; nfhs;tjw;F
mjpfk; jFjpgilj;jtd; my;yh`;jhd;.
,iwj;J}jH mtHfNs! xUtH jdpikapy; epHthzkhf ,Uf;fyhkh? vd;w ehd; Nfl;Nld;. mjw;F egp(]y;)
mtHfs; ''kdpjHfsplk; ntl;fj;Jld; ele;Jnfhs;tij tpl my;yh`;tplk; ntl;f czHGld; elf;f my;yh`;
jFjpkpf;ftd;"" vd;W $wpdhHfs; vd g`;]; ,g;D `fPk; (uyp) mwptpf;fpd;whHfs;. ,J jpHkpjP> mg+jh¥jpy;
cs;sJ.

njhOk; ek;Kd;Nd my;yh`; ,Uf;fpwhd; vd;gjhy; ngz;fs; Mghrkhf Kiwapy; cs;s 'iel;b"ia njhOk;
NghJ kl;Lk; jtpHf;f Ntz;Lk;. ngz;fs; jq;fspd; Nkdp KOtijAk; kiwf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,jw;F Gfhhpapd;
372tJ `jPi] ghHitapLf!

k/hpGf;F Kd; Kd; Rd;dj; cz;lh?
k/hpGf;F ghq;F $wpaJk; ,fhkj;Jf;F Kd;G ,uz;L uf;mj;ij muG ehl;bdH njhOfpd;wdH. egp(]y;) mtHfs;
,t;thW njhOJs;shHfsh?
gjpy;: k/hpGf;F Kd; ,uz;L uf;mj;fs; njhOq;fs;. k/hpGf;F Kd;,uz;L uf;mj;fs; njhOq;fs;. tpUk;GfpwtH
k/hpGf;F Kd; ,uz;L uf;mj;fs; njhOq;fs; vd;W egp(]y;) $wpajhf> mg;Jy;yh ,g;D Kfg;ghy;(uyp) mtHfs;
mwptpf;fpd;whHfs;. (Gfhhp> m`;kj;> mg+jh¥j;)
k/hpGf;F Kd; ,uz;L uf;mj;fs; tpUk;GtH njhoyhk; vd egp(]y;) mtHfs; $wpapUg;gjhy; tpUg;gk; ,Ug;gpd;
njhoyhk;.
k/hpg;Gf;F ghq;F $wpaJk; ekJ CHfspy; ,fhkj;jpd; Neuk; 'cld;" vd;W vOjpitj;jpUg;gjhy; cq;fSf;F
re;Njfk; Vw;gl;Ls;sJ.
k/hpGf;F ghq;F $wpaJk; 5epkplk; fopj;Nj ,fhkj; $wNtz;Lk;. ,jdhy; tpUk;GgtH njhotha;g;ghf mikAk;
ghq;F $wp Kbj;jTld; ,fhkj; $wpdhy; 'tpUk;GgtH njhoyhk;" vd;w egptopia Gwf;fzpj;jhf MfptpLk;.

Y`H> m]H njhOiffspy; kl;Lk; ,khk;> FHMid rg;jkpd;wp XJfpwhH. ,jw;F ,jw;F VNjDk; fhuzk;
cz;lh?
egp(]y;) mtHfs; mg;gbNa njho itj;Js;shHfs; vd;gjhy; ,khk; rg;jkpd;wp Y`h> m]H> njhOiffspy;
XJfpwhH. rpy nray;ghLfSf;F fhuzk; fw;gpg;gNjh> fw;gpf;f Kay;tNjh $lhJ.

Nfs;tp: njhOiff;F kl;Lk; Milia fuz;il fhy;fSf;F Nky; mzpe;Jtpl;L> njhOif Kbe;jTld; Milia
fuz;il fhy;fSf;Ff; fPo; mzpfpwhHfNs! $Lkh?
gjpy;: ahH ngUikahf jkJ Milia(j; jiuapy; gLkhW) ,Oj;J nrhy;fpwhNuh mtiu fpahkj; ehspy;
my;yh`; ghHf;f khl;lhd; vd;W egp(]y;) $wpajhf ,g;D ckH(uyp) mwptpf;fpd;whHfs;. (Gfhhp> K];ypk;> e]aP>
,g;Dkh[h> jpHkpjP> Kmj;jh)
Milia jiuapy; gLkhW fl;lf; $lhJ vd;gjw;F ,e;j `jP]; Mjhukhf cs;sJ. Mdhy; xU epge;jidAk;

cs;sJ. ngUik czHTld; jhd; ,t;thW fl;lf; $lhJ vd;gNj me;j epge;jidahFk;.
ngUikapd;wp xUtd; jd; Milia jiuapy; gLkhW mzpe;jhNyh> my;yJ njhg;ig gapW fhuzkhf
cLj;jpAs;s Mil fuz;il fhYf;Fr; fPo; ,wq;fp tpl;lhNyh jtNwJk; ,y;iy.
njhOk;NghJ kl;Lk; fuz;il fhYf;F NkYk; mjd; gpwF fPOk; mzpfpwhHfs; vd;why; mtHfSf;F ngUik
czHT ,Uf;fpwJ vd;Nw $wNtz;Lk;. vdNt ,J Nghd;W elg;gJ $lhJ.
'Ngz;l;" mzpe;jpUg;NghH ngUik vd;wpy;yhtpl;lhYk; ehfhPfk; fUjp fuz;ilfhYf;F fPo; jq;fspd; Ngz;il
ijj;J mzpfpd;wdH. ntspapy; nry;Yk; NghJ fuz;ilf; fhYf;Ff; fPNo njhq;Fk; Milia gw;wp myl;bf;
nfhs;shNjhH - mjhtJ mRj;jk; glTk; tha;g;Gz;L vd;W vz;z ,lKs;s Neuj;jpy; ftiyg;glhJ. njho
te;Jtpl;lhy; kl;Lk; Ngz;l;il RUl;b tpl;Lf; nfhs;tH. ,JTk; rhpapy;iy.
njhOk; NghJ ghHf;Fk; ,iwtd; ntspapy; cyhTk; NghJk; ghHf;fNt nra;fpd;whd; vd;gij ,tHfs; czu
Ntz;Lk;.
njhOk; NghJ Mil fuz;ilf;F Nky; ,Ue;jhf Ntz;Lk; ve;j xU epge;jizAk; ,y;y. njhOk; NghJk; rhp
ntspapy; ,Ue;jhYk; rhp ngUik cz;htpd;wp fuz;ilf;F fPo; mzptjhy; jtwpy;iy.

tpj;Uj; njhOifia ,hTf;Fg; gpd; njhOJtpl;L J}q;fp tpLfpNwd;. gpwF Rg;`{f;Fg; Kd;G vOe;J ,uTj;
njhOif njhoyhkh? njhoyhk; vd;why; Kd;G njhOj tpj;iu vg;gb g+Hj;jp nra;tJ?
cq;fs; njhOifapy; filrpj; njhOifahf tpj;iu Mf;fpf; nfhs;Sq;fs; vd;W egp(]y;) $wpajhf ,g;D
ckH(uyp) mwptpf;fpd;whHfs;. (Gfhhp> K];ypk;)
xUtH jhd; njho tpUk;Gk; njhOiffis njhOJtpl;L> ,Wjpapy; tpj;iu Mf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gJ ,e;j `jP];
$Wk; rl;lk; tpLgl;l my;yJ kwe;Jtpl;l> my;yJ cghpahf njho tpUk;Gk; njhOififis tpj;Uf;Fg;gpd;
njhoyhkh? vDk;NghNj ,e;j `jPi] ,uz;L tpjkhd nghUs;fspy; Ghpe;J nfhs;s tha;g;Gz;L.
1. tpj;Uf;Fg;gpwF Ntz;Lnkd;Nw njhof; $lhJ.
2. tpj;Uf;FgpwF mwNt njhoNt $lhJ.
mjhtJ xUtH tpj;U njhOJ Kbj;Jg;gpwF jhd; jdf;F tpLgl;l njhOif cz;L vd;gij epidTWfpwhH.
my;yJ ,uTj;njhOifia njhOj xUtH njhOifapy; FiwT Vw;gLj;jp tpl;ljhf fUjp mij epiwNtw;wpl
vz;ZfpwhH. my;yJ Kd;Ng vOe;J tpl;Nlhk;. Rg;`{f;F ,d;Dk; Neuk; cs;sJ vdf;fUjp cghpahd
njhOiffis njhONthk; vdf; fUjp njhOfpwhH. ,J Nghd;w epiyapy; cs;stHfs; njhoyhk; vd;gJ Kjy;
nghUspd; epiy.
,uz;lhtJ nghUspd; epiyg;ghNlh ''mwNt njhOjy; $lhJ"" vd;gij $WfpwJ. ,jpy; Kjy; epiyg;ghl;bw;F
mZ$ykhf gpd;tUk; `jP]; cs;sJ.
'xNu ,utpy; ,uz;L tpj;U fpilahJ" vd;W egp(]y;) $wpajhf jyPf; ,g;D myp(uyp) mwptpf;fpd;whHfs;.
(m`;kj;> mg+jh¥j;> jpHkjP> e]aP)
,e;j `jP];gb xUtd; tpj;U njhOfpwhd;. gpd;G kPz;Lk; tpj;U njhoyhkh? vd;why; $lhJ vd;gijg; gpd;G
kPz;Lk; tpj;U njhoyhkh? vd;why; $lhJ vd;gijg; Ghpa KbfpwJ. ,uz;L tpj;U cz;lh vd;w Nfs;tp>
tpj;Uf;Fg;gpd; njhOjpUe;jhNy Vw;gLk;. vdNt tpj;Uf;Fg;gpd; njho Nehpl;lhy; kPz;Lk; tpj;U Ntz;bajpy;iy
mjhtJ xNu ,utpy; ,uz;L tpj;U fpilahJ vd;gijNa ,e;j `jP]; $WfpwJ.
,e;j tifapy; tpj;U Kbe;jg;gpwF ,uTj;njhOif njhoyhk;. MdhYk; ,ij toikahf;fptplf; $lhJ
epHge;jkhd Neuj;jpy; kl;LNk ,t;thW njhoyhk;. njho Nehpl;lhy; kPz;Lk; tpj;U njho Ntz;bajpy;iy.

''juhtP`; 20 uf;mj;fsh? kWg;Gk; - tpsf;fKk;'' vd;w jq;fspd; E}y; gbj;Njd;. jhgpaPd;fs;> jg¥ jhgpaPd;fs; 20
uf;mj;fs; njhOjjhf Mjhug;g+Ht nra;jpfSk; mjpy; ,lk; ngw;Ws;sJ. egp(]y;) mtHfspd; nraYf;F khw;wkhf
me;j cj;jkHfs; nra;af; fhuzk; vd;d?

ePq;fs; Fwpg;gpLk; nra;jpfSf;F ehk; tpsf;fk;k mNj E}ypy; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;Nshk;. egp(]y;) mtHfs; 8 jhd;
njhOJs;sdH vDk; NghJ vtH 20 njhOjhYk; Vw;f Ntz;bajpy;iy.
xUtH 20 njhOjhH vd;w nra;jp te;jhy;> fPo;f;fz;l epiyfspy; ,t;thW mtH ele;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;.
1. 20 njhOjhH vd ,tHkPJ ,l;Lf; fl;bapUf;f Ntz;Lk;.
2. 8 njhOj `jP]; fpilf;fhky; NghapUf;f Ntz;Lk;.
3. 8 rhp vdj; njhpe;Jk; 20I njhOjpUf;f Ntz;Lk;.
,e;j %d;iwj;jtpu NtW fhuzk; ,Uf;f tha;g;gpy;iy. ek;ikg; nghWj;jtiu egp(]y;) 8 uf;mj; njhONj
egptop vdj; njhpAk; NghJ> ehKk; mijNa filgpbf;f Ntz;Lk;.

njhg;gp ,d;wp njhOJk;> tpuy; mirj;Jk; njhOk; rpy jt;`PJ thjpfs; ghj;jp`h Nghd;w tpNrq;fspy; fye;J
nfhs;fpd;wdH. rpyNuh mijAk; nra;aTk; nra;fpd;wdH. ,tHfSf;F tphpthd tpsf;fk; $Wq;fs;.
ePq;fs; Fwpg;gpLk; khjphpahf Ml;fs; jt;`PJ vd;wg; ngahpy; ,Ug;gJ cz;ikjhd; FHMd; - `jP]; $Wk;
Kiwg;gb KOf;f-KOf;f jd;id khw;wp mikj;Jf; nfhs;gtd; jhd; jt;`PJ thjpahFk;.
,JNghd;w egHfspdhy; gpur;rhug; gzpfspy; Njf;fepiy Vw;gLfpwJ vd;gJk; cz;ikNa. ,tHfs; VNjh xU
gFjpia filgpbf;fpd;wdH vd;W jhd; $wKbANkh jtpu> KOf;f ,iw fl;lisia gpd;gw;WgtHfs; vd;W
$wptpl KbahJ.
,tHfSf;f ,];yhj;ij KO tho;f;ifapYk; nfhz;L tUk; gyd; gw;wp $WtNjhL> mtHfSf;fhf JM
nra;Nthk;.

',;uhf;' njhOif cz;lh? mJ ehd;F uf;mj;jh? my;yJ MW uf;mj;fsh?
',;uhf;' njhOif vd;nwhU njhOifNa fpilahJ. ,j;njhOifia rpyH ,l;Lf;fl;b tpl;ldH.
egptopapy; ,j;njhOiff;F ve;j Mjhuk; ,y;iy ,Jgw;wp Kd;Ng tphpthf tpsf;fp cs;Nshk;.

]`P`{y; Gfhhp `jP]; vz; 829d; gb njhOifapy; ,uz;by; xU ][;jhit kwe;J tpl;ltH ][;jh ]`;T
nra;a Ntz;Lkh? ,y;iynad;why; mjw;fhd ghpfhuk; vd;d nra;a Ntz;Lk;? tpsf;fTk;.
Gfhhp `jP]; 829y; ''egp(]y;) mtHfs; Kjy; ,Ug;ig kwe;J tpLfpwhHfs;. ,jdhy; filrp ,Ug;gpd; NghJ
,uz;L ][;jhf;fs; (kwjpf;fhf) nra;fpwhHfs;'' vd;gijNa $wg;gLfpwJ.
,e;j tifapy; ][;jh nra;a kwe;jtH kwjpf;fhf ][;jh nra;a Ntz;Lk;. mjw;F ,JNt ghpfhukhFk;.

ghj;jp`h XJtjw;F vd gilf;fg;gl;l czTfis rhg;gpLtJ `uhkh?
ghj;jp`h epfo;r;rpfspy; jahH nra;ag;gl;Ls;s czTg; nghUl;fs; cz;z mDkjpf;fg;gl;l nghUshfNt
,Ug;gpDk;> czT jahH nra;ag;gl;l Nehf;fk; Gwf;fzpf;fg;gl Ntz;ba xd;whfNt cs;sJ.
ghj;jp`hf;fs; vd;gJ ,];yhj;jpd; mDkjpf;fg;gl;l tpak; my;y! gpw;fhyj;jpy; tho;e;jtHfs; cUthf;fpaitNa!
egp(]y;) mtHfspd; mDkjp ,y;yhj vr;nraiyAk; ehKk; Gwf;fzpf;fNt Ntz;Lk;. %kpd;fs; tPzhd fhhpaq;fs;
eilngWk; NghJ mtw;iw Gwf;fzpf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gij jpUf;FHMdpy; 28:3 trdk; %yk; Ghpa KbfpwJ.
egp(]y;) mtHfis ehd; tpUe;Jf;F mioj;Njd;. tPl;by; ,Ue;j cUtg;glq;fisf; fz;lJk; egp(]y;) jpUk;gpg;
Ngha; tpl;ldH vd;W myp(uyp) mwptpf;fpd;whHfs;. (mg+jh¥j;> ,g;Dkh[;[h)
jtwhd nray;ghLfs;> FHMd; - `jP]; mDkjpf;fhj tpUe;Njhk;gy;fis ehk; Gwf;fzpf;fj;jhd; Ntz;Lk;.
,JNghd;w Gwf;fzpf;Fk; NghJ jhd;> rk;ge;jg;gl;l nray; cilatH jd; jtiw czUthH. ,j;jtiw tpl;L
tpl Kd;tUthH. ehk; Ngha; me;j tpohtpy; fye;J nfhz;L> me;j czitAk; cl;nfhz;L tpl;L> gpwF 'mJ
$lhJ' vd;W $wpdhy; eifg;Gf;FhpajhfNt mikAk;.

vdNt ghj;jp`hf;fspd; tpUe;ij Gwf;fzpf;fNt Ntz;Lk;.

[khj;jhf njhOk;NghJ ][;jhtpd; NghJ Rg;`hdug;gpay; m/yh vd;W %d;W Kiw $wpa gpwF ,khk; my;yh`{
mf;gH vd;W $Wk; ,ilntspapy; gpd;njhOgtHfs; JM Nfl;fyhkh?
gjpy;: 'Rg;`hd ug;gpay; m/yh' jtpu NtW JMf;fSk; cz;L mij XjyhNk!

[{k;MTf;F Kd; Rd;dj; cz;lh?
[{k;M ehsd;W egp(]y;) mtHfs; kpk;ghpy; ,Ue;jthW ciu epfo;j;jpaNghJ xUtH te;jhH. ,uz;L uf;mj;
njhOk;gb mtUf;F egp(]y;) fl;lisapl;lhd; vd mg+]aPj;(uyp) mwptpf;fpd;whHfs;. (Gfhhp> K];ypk;> m`;kj;>
jpHkpjP> ,g;Dkh[h)
[{k;M ehsd;W ,khk; kpk;ghpy; Vwptpl;lhYk; tl [{k; Mtpw;fhf gs;spf;F tUgtH ,uz;L uf;mj; njho
Ntz;Lk; vd;gij ,e;j `jP]; mwptpf;fpwJ.

Fj;ghtpNyh> my;yJ ehk; vg;NghJ vy;yh m;`J md;d K`k;kjHu#Yy;yh vd;W XJfpNwhNkh mg;NghJ
Ml;fhl;b tpuiy caHj;jp fhl;l Ntz;Lkh?
mj;j`pa;ahj; ,Ug;gpd;NghJ m;`J md;yhapyh` nrhy;Yk;NghJ Ml;fhl;b tpuiy caHj;jp jho;j;j Ntz;Lk;
vd;W vz;zp `dgpkj;`GfhuHfs; nra;tijg; ghHj;Jtpl;L> ,t;thW Nfl;Ls;sPHfs; NghYk;!
,g;gb caHj;Jtjw;F ve;j MjhuKk; ,y;iy. ,JNghy; ePq;fs; Nfl;lJNghy; nra;aTk; ve;j MjhuKk;
,y;iy.

rpy Neuj; njhOiffis ehd; nra;Ak; Ntiy fhuzkhf ,khk; [khmj;NjhL njho Kbahjtdhf cs;Nsd;.
Ntiyia tpl;Lr; nrd;why; gy gpur;ridfs; Vw;gl topAz;L. vdNt ,Ue;j ,lj;jpNyNa njhOJtpLfpNwd;.
vdNt vdf;F ,khk; [khj;NjhL njhOj ed;ik fpilf;Fkh?
jdpj;Jj; njhOtijtpl > [kh mj;Jld; njhOk;NghJ $Ljy; ed;ik fpilf;fpwJ. ePq;fs; jdpNa jhd;
njhOfpwPHfs;. ,e;j tiff;fhd ed;ik kl;LNk fpilf;Fk;. $l;LKiwj; njhOiff;F ePq;fs; Kaw;rpj;jhy; -
Kaw;rp nra;jjw;fhd ed;ik cq;fSf;F fpilf;Fk;.
jq;fNshL Ntiy ghHf;Fk; xUtiu cq;fNshL ,izj;J> ePq;fspUtUkhf '[khmj;jhf' njhoyhNk! [kh
mj;Jld; njhOj ed;ikfpl;LNk! Kaw;rpAq;fs;.

ngz;fs; ghq;F nrhy;ypjhd; njho Ntz;Lkh? ,fhkj; kl;Lk; nrhy;yp njhOjhy; NghJkh?
kiy cr;rpapy; ML Nka;f;Fk; xUtH njhOiff;F ghq;F nrhy;ypj; njhOtijf; fz;L> ckJ ,iwtd;
kfpo;fpwhd;> ',Njh vdJ mbahidg; ghUq;fs;! njhOiff;fhfg; ghq;Fk;> ,fhkj;Jk; $Wfpd;whd;. vd;id
gag;gLfpwhd;. vdNt mtid nrhHf;fj;jpy; ehd; Eioar; nra;Ntd; vd;W ,iwtd; $Wfpwhd;' ,ij egp(]y;)
$wpajhf cf;gh ,g;D MkpH(uyp) mwptpf;fpd;whHfs;. (m`;kj;> mg+jh¥j;> e]aP)
jdpj;Jj; njhOk; vtUNk ghq;F> ,fhkj; $w Ntz;Lk; vd;gijNa ,e;j `jP]; $WfpwJ. ,J Mz;fSf;F
kl;LNk cs;s rl;lk; vd $wplKbahJ. ,JnghJthdJjhd;.
vdNt ngz;fs; jdpNa njhOk;NghJ ghq;F> ,fhkj; $wj;jhd; Ntz;Lk;. 'kfspH kl;Lk;' vd;w E}iy
ghHitapLf!

ug;gdh tyf;fy; `k;J> `k;jd;> fjPud;> ja;apgpd; Kghufd; /gP`p vd;W egpj;NjhoH $wpajhf GfhhP 799tJ
`jP]; Fwpg;gpLfpwJ. me;j egpj;NjhoH [khmj;Jld; njhOk;NghNj $wpAs;shH. jdpj;J njhOk;NghJ mJNghy;

ehKk; $wyhkh?
me;j `jP]py; mtH $wpaij egp(]y;) mtHfs; ghuhl;bak; cs;sdH vd;gijAk; Ghpa KbfpwJ. vdNt mij
jdpj;Jj; njhOk; NghJk; $WtJ rpwg;Gjhd; vd;gijg; Ghpayhk;. NkYk; jdpj;Jj; njhOk;NghJk; $w jil
VJk; ,y;iy vd;gjhYk; jdpj;Jj; njhOgtH $wyhk;.
m]Uf;Fg;gpd; ,uz;L uf;mj; cz;lh? ,y;iyah? ,y;iy vd;gjw;F 587tJ `jP]{k; cz;L vd;gjw;F 592tJ
`jP]{k; Mjhuk;Nghy; mikfpwNj! vij Vw;gJ?
,Jgw;wp ,uz;Ltpjkhf tUk; `jP];fis Kjypy; njhpe;J nfhs;tJ mtrpakhFk;.
vdf;F njhpe;j ek;gpf;iff;Fhpa gyhpy; vdf;F kpfTk; ek;gpf;iff;Fhpatuhd ckH(uyp) mtHfs;> '']{g;`{f;Fg;
gpd;d #hpad; cjpf;Fk;tiu njhOtijAk;> m]Uf;Fg; gpd; #hpad; kiwAk; tiu njhOtijAk; egp(]y;)
mtHfs; jLj;jhHfs;'' vd;W egp(]y;) $wpajhf $wpdhHfs;. ,ij ,g;D mg;gh];(uyp) mwptpf;fpd;whHfs;.
(Gfhhp)
]{g;`{f;Fg;gpd; #hpad; cjpf;Fk; tiu ve;jj; njhOifAk; ,y;iy. m]Uf;Fg; gpd; #hpad; kiwAk;tiu ve;j
njhOifAk; ,y;iy vd egp(]y;) $wpajhf mg+ ]aPj; my;Fj;hP(uyp) mwptpf;fpd;whHfs;. (Gfhhp)
egp(]y;) mtHfSld; ehq;fs; Njhoik nfhz;bUe;Njhk;. mtHfs; njhOJ ehq;fs; ghHf;fhj xU
njhOifia ePq;fs; njhOfpwPHfs; ? egp(]y;) mtHfs; mijj; jLj;JkpUf;fpwhHfs;. mJjhd; m]Uf;Fg;gpd;
,uz;L uf;mj;fs; vd;W KMtpah(uyp) mwptpf;fpd;whHfs;. (Gfhhp)
,e;j `jP];fs; m]Uf;Fg; gpd; njhOtij jilnra;J mwptpf;fpd;wd. gpd;tUk; `jPN]h m]Uf;Fg;gpd;
njhOtJ $Lk; vd mwptpf;fpd;wJ.
,uz;L njhOiffis ,ufrpakhfNth> gfpuq;fkhfNth egp(]y;) mtHfs; tpl;lNjapy;iy. mit Rg;`{j;
njhOiff;Fg; gpd; ,uz;L uf;mj;fs;> m]H njhOiff;Fg;gpd; ,uz;L uf;mj;fs; vd Maph(uyp)
mwptpf;fpd;whHfs;. (Gfhhp)
m]Uf;Fg; gpd; ,uz;L uf;mj;fs; njhoyhkh? $lhjh? vd;W re;Njf epiyf;F ,e;j ,uz;L tpjkhd
`jP];fSk; ek;ik nfhz;L te;J epWj;jpdhYk; $l; ,Jgw;wp tUk; ,ju `jP];fs; ekf;F njspitj;
jUfpd;wd.
vd; rNfhjhpapd; kfNd! m]Uf;Fg;gpd; ,uz;L uf;mj;fis egp(]y;) mtHfs; vd;dplk; (jq;Fk;NghJ) xUNghJk;
tpl;ljpy;iy vd Maph(uyp) mwptpf;fpd;whHfs;. (Gfhhp)
,e;j `jP]py; egp(]y;) mtHfs; jd; kidtpapd; tPl;by; kl;LNk njhOJs;sdH vd;gij GhpaKbfpwJ.
,jdhy;jhd; KMtpah(uyp)> ,g;D mg;gh]; (uyp)> ckH (uyp)> mg+]aPj;(uyp) MfpNahH ''jil nra;j egp(]y;)
mtHfNs njhOJs;sdH'' vd;gij mwpa Kbahky; Ngha; cs;sJ.
Vd; egp(]y;) mtHfs; tPl;by; kl;LNk Ngha; njhOJs;sdH? vd;gjw;F gpd;tUk; `jP]; gjpyhf mikfpwJ.
egp(]y;) mtHfis nfhz;L nrd;wtd; kPJ rj;jpakhf! m]Uf;Fg;gpd; ,uz;L uf;mj; njhOtij> egp(]y;)
mtHfs; my;yh`;it re;jpf;Fk; tiu (kuzpf;Fk; tiu) tpl;ljpy;iy. njhOtjw;F rpukk; Vw;gLk; epiy
te;jgpwNf mtHfs; kuzpj;jhHfs;. mJrkak; m]Uf;F gpd; cs;s njhOifia cl;fhHe;jthNw mjpfkhf
njhOthHfs;. egp(]y;) mtHfs; me;j ,uz;L uf;mj;ij njhOgtHfshf ,Ue;jdH. jd; rKjhaj;jpdUf;F
Rik Vw;gl;L tplf;$lhJ vd mQ;rpajhy; gs;spapy; me;j ,uz;L uf;mj;fis njhokl;lhHfs;. jd;
rKjhaj;jpdUf;F vspjhdijNa mtHfs; tpUk;GthHfs; vd Maph(uyp) mwptpf;fpd;whHfs;. (Gfhhp)
m]Uf;Fg;gpd; njhOtij egp(]y;) mtHfs; jil nra;Jtpl;lhYk;> jhd; kl;LNk njhOgtHfshf
,Ue;Js;sdH.
jhd; njhOtij kf;fs; fz;lhy;> mJNghyNt mtHfSk; nra;J toikahf;fpf; nfhs;thHfs; vd mQ;rpj;jhd;
me;j uf; mj;fis tPl;by; kl;Lk; njhOJ> gs;spapy; njhohjpUe;Js;sdH vd;gij mwpaKbfpwJ.
vdNt m]Uf;Fg; gpd; cghpj;njhOif vd;gJ $lhJ. egp(]y;) mtHfs njhOjJ> mtHfSf;F kl;LNk chpa
jdpr;rl;lkhFk;.

ehd; ,uz;L tUlq;fshfj;jhd; njhOJ tUfpd;Nwd;. fle;j 10 tUlq;fshf njhoNt ,y;iy. me;j
njhOiffis fshthf njhoNtz;Lk; vdr; rpyH $Wfpd;wdH. FHMd; -`jP];gb tpsf;fTk;.
njhohky; tpLgl;Lg;Nghd njhOiffs; tpLgl;litjhNd jtpu kPz;Lk; njho tha;g;Ng ,y;iy. fsh vd;wnjhU
njhOif KiwNa fpilahJ. ,Jgw;wp gy Kiw tphpthf tpsf;fp cs;Nshk;.
njhohky; tpl;ljw;fhf my;yh`;tplk; ghtkd;dpg;Gf; NfSq;fs;! mtd; khngUk; fUizahsd;! kd;dpg;ghd;!
'fshj; njhOif' gw;wpa tpguj;ij Ke;ija ,jo;fspy; ghHitapLtNjhL> ,Jgw;wp FHMd; - `jP]; mbg;gilapy;
njhpe;NjhhplKk; njspTgLj;jpf; nfhs;Sq;fs;.

njhOif flikahf;fg;gl;l taJ vj;jid? rpyH 7 vd;Wk;> rpyH 10 vd;Wk;> rpyH 12 vd;Wk; $Wfpd;wdH. vJ
rhp?
taJf;F te;j - mjhtJ MZf;F tpe;J ntspahd ehs; Kjy;. ngz;Zf;F khjtplha; Vw;gl;l ehs; Kjy;
tzf;fk; topghLfs; fl;lhaf; flik MfpwJ.
cq;fspd; Foe;ijfSf;F VO taJ MFk;NghJ njhOk;gb fl;lisapLq;fs;. mtHfs; gj;JtaJ MFk;NghJ
mJ tpakha; (kWj;jhy;) mtHfis mbAq;fs; vd;W egp(]y;) $wpajhf mk;U ,g;D {IG(uyp)
mwptpf;fpd;whHfs;. (mg+jh¥j;)
,e;j `jPi] itj;Jj;jhd; 7 my;yJ 10 taJ vd;W $wp ,Ug;gH. ,e;j `jP]; njhOtjw;fhd gapw;rpia
rpWtHfSf;F toq;fpahf Ntz;Lk; vd;w mwpe;jhy;jhNd jtpu flik vd;W mwptpf;f tUk; `jP]; my;y!

vq;fs; tPl;by; %d;W rNfhjhpfs; cs;sdH. [khmj;jhf njhoyhkh? vt;thW njho Ntz;Lk;.
[khmj;jhf njhoyhk;. ngz;fSf;F [khmj; elf;Fk;NghJ ,khkhf epw;Fk; ngz; thpirapd; eLtpy;
epw;fNtz;Lk;. gpd;tUk; `jP];fs; Mjhukhf cs;sd.
Maph(uyp) mtHfs; ngz;fSf;F ,khkj; nra;thHfs;. mtHfs; mg;ngz;fSld; thpirapd; eLtpy; epd;W
nfhs;thHfs; vd mjhc mwptpf;fpd;whHfs;. (`hfpk;> ,g;D mgPigh)
Maph(uyp) mtHfs; ngz;fSf;F ,khkj; nra;thHfs;. flikahd njhOifapd; NghJ mg;ngz;fspilNa
epw;ghHfs; vd;W uhapjhmy;`d;gpa;ah $WfpwhHfs;. (ig`fP> jhuFj;dP)

,fhkj;ij gHS njhOiff;F Kd; $Wtjh? my;yJ Rd;dj; njhOiff;F Kd; $Wtjh?
,fhkj; vd;gJ gHshd njhOiff;F my;y! ,Jgw;wp Mjhuk; fhl;lj;Njit ,y;yhj msTf;F cs;s
nra;jpahFk;.

nfhz;il Nghl;Lf; nfhz;L (jiyKbia thhp ms;spf; fl;bf; nfhz;L) njhoyhkh?
jhuhskhf njhoyhk;. ngz;fs; jiyia kiwj;jhf Ntz;Lk; vd;gJ rl;lk;. kiwf;Fk; gFjpahd Kb vg;gb
,Ue;jhy; vd;d?

g[;H njhOif ele;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; NghJ ehk; gs;spf;Fs; Eioe;jhy; Kd; Rd;dj; ,uz;L uf; mj;fis
vg;NghJ epiwNtw;WtJ? #hpad; cjpj;jg; gpwF epiwNtw;w Ntz;Lk; vd;gNj rhpah?
njhOiff;F ,fhkj; nrhy;yg;gl;Ltpl;lhy; flikahd me;jj; njhOifiaj;jtpu NtW njhOif $lhJ vd;W
egp(]y;) $wpajhf mg+`{iuuh(uyp) mwptpf;fpd;whHfs;. (E}y;fs;: K];ypk;> m`;kj;> e]aP> ,g;Dkh[h)
,e;j `jP];gb jhd; njhOif ele;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; NghJ gs;spf;F te;jhy; [khmj; njhOifapy; jhd;
fye;J nfhz;lhf Ntz;Lk;. Rg;`{ila Rd;dj;ijg; nghWj;jtiu egp(]y;)mtHfs; mjw;F mjpf
Kf;fpaj;Jtk; mspj;Js;sdH.

flikapy;yhj njhOiffspy; g[;hpd; Kd; Rd;dj;jpw;F NtW - ve;jj; njhOiff;Fk; mspf;fhj msTf;F
Kf;fpaj;Jtk; mspg;gtHfshf egp(]y;) ,Ue;jdH vd;W Maph(uyp) mwptpf;fpd;whHfs;. (E}y;fs;: Gfhhp> K];ypk;>
m`;kj;)
,e;j Kf;fpaj;Jtk; fhuzkhfj;jhd; egpj;NjhoHfs; Rg;`pd; Rd;dj;ij tpl;L tpl;lhy; gHS Kbe;jgpwFk;
Rg;`pd; Rd;dj;ij njhOJs;sdH.
egp(]y;) mtHfs; njho itj;jNghJ ehd; gs;spf;Fs; te;Njd;. ehNdh ,uz;L uf;mj; Rd;dj;ij
epiwNtw;wtpy;iy. egp(]y;) mtHfSld; ehd; njhOgNjd;. me;j njhOif Kbe;jJk;. vOe;J (tpLgl;l)
Rd;dj;ij njhONjd; vd;W if]; ,g;D ]`;y;(uyp) mwptpf;fpwhHfs;. (E}y;: jg;uhdP)
vdNt Rg;`pd; Rd;dj;ij fz;bg;ghf njho Ntz;Lk;. [khmj; eilngWk; NghJ te;jhy; [khmj;Jld;
njhOJ tpl;L> gpwF me;j Rd;dj;ij epiwNtw;w Ntz;Lk;.

jw;nfhiy nra;J nfhz;L ,we;J NghFk; egUf;F [dh]h njhOif> mtrpakh? ,Jgw;wp egp(]y;) $wpaJ
vd;d?
xU kdpjH <l;bahy; jw;nfhiy nra;J nfhz;lhH mtUf;F egp(]y;) mtHfs; [dh]h njhOif elj;jtpy;iy
vd;W [hgpH ,g;D ]Kuh(uyp) mwptpf;fpd;whHfs;. (E}y;: K];ypk;> mg+jh¥j;> m`;kj;> `hfpk;)
,e;j `jP]; jw;nfhiy nra;J nfhz;ltHfSf;F [dh]h njhOif $lhJ vd;Nw mwptpf;fpwJ. ,jd;gb
jw;nfhiyahspfSf;F njhOif elj;j Ntz;bajpy;iy.
,e;j `jP];gw;wp rpyH Fiw fhz Kay;fpd;wdH. ,J gw;wpa tphpthd tpsf;fk; ngw 'khHf;f newpapy;
kuzg;gazk;' E}iy ghHitapLf!

,g;D ijkpa;ah mtHfs; vOjpa 'Mj;jt];]{H ty; tmyh" vDk; E}ypy; ' xU `jPi] xU ]`hgp kl;Lk;
njhptpj;jhy; Vw;ff;$lhJ. me;j `jP]{f;F kw;w ]`hghf;fspd; xg;GjYk; Ntz;Lk;"" vd;W vOjp
cs;shHfs;. ,ij gy ,khk;fSk; Vw;fpd;wdH. Mdhy; tpuyirf;Fk; tpaj;jpy; ePq;fs; thapy; ,g;D
`{[;H(uyp) mtHfs; xUtH kl;LNk mwptpf;Fk; `jPi] Vw;gJ Vd;?
gjpy;: ,g;D ijkpa;ah mtHfs; kpfr;rpwe;j> mwpQH vd;gjpy; re;Njfkpy;iy. mthpd; E}w;fs; gy kf;fSf;F gad;
mspj;Jj; jUfpd;wd. gyhpd; mwpTg;g+Htkhd fUj;Jf;fs; mtiu Kd;Ndhbahff; nfhz;Nl cUthapd. Mdhy;
mtHfspd; fUj;Jf;fspy; rpy Vw;fj; jfhjitAk; cs;sd.
cjhuzkhf> Foe;ijfs; gpwe;j cld; tyJ fhjpy; ghq;Fk;> ,lJ fhjpy; ,fhkj;Jk; $Wtij mJ
rk;ge;jkhf tUk; `jPi] Vw;fpwhHfs;. cz;ikapy; me;j `jP];fs; gytPdkhditahFk;.
,JNghy; jdJ ',iwNerr; nry;tHfSk;> ij;jhdpd; NjhoHfSk;" vd;w [pd;fs; kdpjHfs; kPJ ,wq;FtH.
ij;jhd;fs; ,wq;FtH. mjhtJ Nga; Nghd;w ek;gpf;iffis rhp fhz;gJ Nghd;W vOJfpwhHfs;. Mdhy;
,J rhpay;y vd;gNj cz;ikahFk;.
nghpa mwpQH jhk;. vdpDk; Foe;ijfspd; fhjpy; ghq;Fk;> ,fhkj;Jk; $Wk;gb tUk; `jP]; gw;wpa juk;
mtHfSf;F njhpahky; NghapUf;ff;$Lk;. ,JNghy; '`p];Bah" Nghd;w Neha;jhNd jtpu Nga; my;y vd;w
ep&gdkhd cz;ik> md;W njhpahky; ,Uf;Fk; epiy.
vdNt vt;tsT nghpa mwpQH MdhYk; mtHfspd; fUj;Jf;fis ghprPyidf;Fl; gl;Lj;jhd; Vw;f Ntz;Lk;
vd;gijg; Ghpayhk;. ,e;j tifapy; 'xU ]`hgp kl;LNk xU `jPi] mwptpj;jhy; Vw;ff; $lhJ" vd;w thjk;
rhpahdjhf ,y;iy.
ek;gfj;jd;ikapy; ehk; ve;j i`hgpiaAk; rpwpJ msT $l Fiw fz;Ltpl KbahJ. mtHfSf;Fg;gpd; tUk;
mwptpg;gthsHfisj; jhd; ehk; ghprPyid nra;a Ntz;Lk;. xU `jP]pd; mwptpg;ghsH thpirapy; cs;s midtUk;
rhpahdtHfshf ,Ue;Jk;> me;j `jPi] xU ]`hgp kl;LNk mwptpg;gjhy; Vw;f ,ayhJ vd;gJ rhpahdjy;y
xU `jPi] gyH mwptpj;Jk;> me;j midj;J mwptpg;gpd; njhlhpYk; cs;stHfs; rhpahdtHfs; my;y vd;whYk;
Vw;Nghkh vd;why; Vw;f khl;Nlhk;. mJNghyNt xU `jPi] xUtH kl;LNk $wpapUe;jhYk; mjd; njhlhpy;

cs;stHfs; rhpahdtHfs; vDk; NghJ Vw;gjpy; jaf;fk; Njitapy;iy.
tpuyirf;Fk; tpaj;ijg; nghWj;jtiu thapy; ,g;D `p[;H(uyp) mtHfs; kl;LNk mwptpj;J> ehk; vLf;ftpy;iy
vd;gNj cz;ik. mg;Jy;yh ,g;D ]{igH(uyp) mtHfSk;> ,d;Dk; gy mwptpg;ghsHfSk;> '',huh nra;jdH""
vd;W mwptpf;Fk; `jPi]Ak; itj;Jj;jhd; KbTf;F tUfpNwhk;.
tpuiy ,huh nra;jhHfs; vd;w `jP]pw;F rpyH ePl;bf; nfhz;bUj;jy; vd;W nghUs; nfhs;s Kaw;rpj;jhYk>
,huh vd;why;; ,irTld; Rl;LjYf;Nf $wg;gLk;. ,e;j tifapy; ve;j khjphpahd ,huh vd;W
rpe;jpf;Fk;NghJ thapy; ,g;D `{[;H(uyp) mtHfspd; `jPN] tpsf;fk; jUfpwJ.
thapy; ,g;D `{[;H(uyp) kl;LNk ,e;j `jPi] mwptpj;J> ,huh rk;ge;jkhf NtW `jP];fs; ,y;yhtpl;lhYk;
$l; thapy; ,g;D `{[;H(uyp) mtHfspd; `jPi] Vw;fj;jhd; Ntz;Lk;.

[{k;Mtpy; ,khk; kpk;ghpy; mkUk; Kd; xU ghq;F $wg;gLfpwNj! me;j ghq;Ff;Fk; gjpy; $wNtz;Lkh?
ghq;Nfhiriaf; Nfl;lhy; ePq;fs; Kmj;jpd; $WtJ Nghy; $Wq;fs; vd;W egp(]y;) $wpajhf mg;Jy;y ,g;D
mk;Ug;Dy; M];(uyp) mtHfshy; mwptpf;fg;gl;L K];ypk;> e]aPapy; xU `jP]; gjpT nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ.
,J ghq;F $wg;gl;lhy; mJkhjphpNa gjpy; $wpahf Ntz;Lk; vd;giij cWjpg;gLfpwJ. mNj Ntisapy; [{k;M
ehspy; xU ghq;F nrhy;yg;gLtJ jhd; eilKiwapy; ,Ue;jJ'' vd;W ]hapj; ,g;D a]Pj;(uyp) mwptpf;Fk;
`jP]; Gfhhpapy; cs;sJ.
,jd;gb kpk;ghpy; ,khk; cl;fhHe;j gpwF $wg;gLk; ghq;F jhd; egptop vd;gJ cWjpahfpd;wJ. kw;w ghq;F
Kiw 'gpj;mj;' vd;gJk; cWjpahfpd;wJ. gpj;mj;ij Gwf;fzpj;jy; vd;w mbg;gilapy; gpj;mj;jhd ghq;Ff;F gjpy;
$wNtz;bajpy;iy.

mj;j`pa;ahj; Kbe;j cld; tpuy; mirg;gij epWj;jp tpl Ntz;Lkh? my;yJ ]ythj; XJk;NghJ mirj;J
nfhz;Nl ,Uf;f Ntz;Lkh?
mj;j`pa;ahj; XJtjw;Fk;> tpuiy mirg;gjw;Fk;> njhlHgpy;iy. ,Ug;gpy; tpuy; mirf;f Ntz;Lk;. mj;j`pa;ahj;
Xj Ntz;Lk;. ,Ug;gpd; Muk;g Kjy; ,Wjp tiu (]yhk; nfhLf;Fk; tiu) tpuiy mirf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,J jhd;
egptop.
xUrpyH m;`J md;yhapyh`..... vd;W $Wk;NghJ tpuiy caHj;jp> ,y;yy;yh`; vd;W $Wk;NghJ jho;j;jp
tpLtH. xUrpyH mj;j`pa;ahj; Muk;g Kjy; ]ythj; XJk; Kd;G tiu caHj;jp ,Ug;gH. gpd;G jho;j;jp tpLtH.
,it egptop my;y! 'njhOif' E}iyAk; ghHitapLf.

,iwtd; cz;lh?
Nfs;tp : ,iwtd; cz;L vd;gjw;F vd;d Mjhuk;?

gjpy; : xU gdq;fhl;Lf;Fr; nry;fpNwhk;. mq;Nf xU &gha; ehzak; fpilf;fpwJ. &ghiag; ghh;j;jJk; mJ gid
kuj;jpypUe;J jhd; gOj;J tpOe;jpUf;f Ntz;Lnkd;W kuj;ijah mz;zhe;J ghh;f;fpNwhk;. my;yJ jhdha; me;j
&gha; cUntLj;J te;jpUf;f Ntz;Lnkd;W vz;ZfpNwhkh? ekJ mwpT ekf;F $Wtnjd;d?
fhuzkpy;yhky; fhhpakpy;iy.
,e;j gpugQ;rj;jpy; ehk; fhZk; xOq;F ek;ik tpag;gpy; Mo;j;JfpwJ. tpz;zpy; vj;jid... vj;jid.
tpz;kPd;fs;! vj;jid vj;jid njhiytpy; ,Uf;fpd;wd. mitfs; cyiftplg; gd;klq;Fg; nghpa cyfq;fs;
vd;W ehkwpNthk;. mitfs; vg;NghjhthJ topjtwp xd;Nwhnlhd;W Nkhjpf; nfhz;ldth? kz;lyq;fs; Rw;wpr;
Rw;wp tUk; NghJ ghij khwp ,d;ndhU kz;lyj;NjhL ,bj;Jf; nfhz;ldth? muR kpf ftiyNahL efu
fhg;ghsh;fis Vw;gLj;jp ‘epy;’ ftdp> Ngh vd;w Nghf;Ftuj;ij xOq;FgLj;jpAk; jpdr;nra;jpj; jhs;fspy; ehk;
mbf;fb tpgj;Jf;fisg; gw;wpj; jhd; thrpf;fpNwhk;. tpz;ntspapy; mj;jifa tpgj;Jf;fs; Nehpl;ljhf ehk;
Nfs;tpg;gl;lJz;lh? ,e;j xOq;if mikj;jJ ahh; ?
vq;Nf xOq;F ,Uf;fpwNjh ,q;Nf xOq;if epWtg;Gj;jpAs;s xU nghUs; Njit.
Gj;jpapy;yhky; xOq;F ,y;iy.
nra;tjw;F xUtUkpy;iynad;why; ve;jg; nghUSk; nra;ag;glkhl;lhJ vd;gJ midtUk; mwpe;j cz;ik.
ghkukf;fSk;> gue;j mwpQh;fSk;> md;whl tho;f;ifapYk; tpQ;Qhd Muha;r;rpapYk; ,e;j cz;ikiaf; fz;L
tUfpd;wdh;. mg;gb ,Uf;f ,k;khngUk; cyfKk; mjpYs;s mjprag; nghUl;fSk; jhkha; jw;nrayha; Njhd;wd
vd;W vg;gbf; $w KbAk;.
nraw;if epyh jhdha; ,aq;ftpy;iy. Nfhbf;fzf;fpy; nrytopj;J mwpQh; gyh; Gj;jp El;gj;ijg; gad;gLj;jp
mij thdntspapy; tpl;ldh;. ,aw;if epyhTk;> tPz;kPd;fSk;> kz;lyq;fSk; Mf;fpNahdpy;yhky; jhNd
Njhd;wpapUf;f KbAkh?
Mf;fpNahdpy;yhky; Md nghUspy;iy - vd;gNj mwpthh;e;j KbT.
nghWg;Gs;s xU ehafdpy;yhky; xU FLk;gk; epiy epw;f KbahJ. mjpfhuKk; Mw;wYKs;s xU murd;
,y;yhky; xU ehL epiy epw;f KbahJ. ,e;j gpugQ;rk; kl;Lk;> xU jpl;lkpLk; rf;jpapy;yhky; epiyepw;fpwJ
vd;W $w KbAkh?
,g;gpugQ;rj;jpw;Fg; gpd;dhy; xU jpl;lkpLk; rf;jp cz;L vd;gJk;> ,g;gpuQ;rj;jpYs;s nghUl;fs; midj;ijAk;
Mf;fp mtw;iw xU rPuhd Kiwapy; ,aq;fr; nra;Ak; jdpj;jd;ikAila mwpthh;e;j rf;jp cz;nld;gJ epr;rak;.
me;j rf;jpiaj; jhd; ,iwtd;> flTs;> God my;yh`; vd;W miof;fpNwhk;.
,iwtd; Kjw;fhuzk;. vg;nghUisAk; jhk; ,Ug;gjw;Fr; rhh;e;jpUf;ftpy;iy. mtd; jhkha; ,Uf;fpd;whd;. mtd;
xd;Nw ,uz;L ,Uf;f KbahJ. ,iwtDf;F rhpnahj;j NtnwhU t];J ,Ue;jhy; mtd; me;j t];JTf;Ff;
fhuzdha;> fh;j;jhtha; ,Uf;f KbahJ. xUthplj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk; gz;G kw;wthplj;jpy; mNj msT ,Uf;f
KbahJ. FiwghL Vw;gLk;. FiwghLs;s t];J mstpy;yhj ew;Fzq;fisf; nfhz;ljha; - jhkha; ,aq;Fk;
,iwtd; vd;W nrhy;tjw;fpy;iy. MfNt ,iwtd; xUtd; jhd;.
me;j ,iwtd; $Wfpwhd;.
kdpjh;fNs! ePq;fs; cq;fisAk; cq;fSf;F Kd;dpUe;NjhiuAk; gilj;j cq;fs; ,iwtidAk; tzq;Fq;fs;.
(mjdhy;) ePq;fs; jf;th (,iwar;rKk;> J}a;ikAk;) cilNahuhfyhk;. me;j ,iwtNd cq;fSf;fhf g+kpia
tphpg;ghfTk;> thdj;ij tpjhdkhfTk; mikj;J thdj;jpdpd;Wk; kioiag; nghopar; nra;J mjdpd;W cq;fis
cztpw;fhf fdpth;f;fq;fis ntsptur; nra;fpd;whd;. (,e;j cz;iknay;yhk;) ePq;fs; mwpe;J nfhz;Nl
,Uf;Fk; epiyapy; my;yh`;- Tf;F ,izfis Vw;gLj;jhjPh;fs;. (jpUf;Fh;Md; 2 : 21>22)

,iwtidf; fhl;Lq;fs;

Nfs;tp : ,iwtd; cz;L vd;fpwPh;fNs vq;Nf fhl;Lq;fs; ghh;g;Nghk; ?

gjpy; : mofhd xU rpw;gj;jijg; ghh;f;fpd;wPh;fs;. urpf;fpd;wPh;fs;. epr;rakhf me;j rpw;gj;ij xUth; cUthf;fp
,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,y;iy rpw;gpiaf; fz;lhy; jhd; ek;GNthk; vd;W mlk;gpbg;gPh;fsh? khl;Bh;fs;. mg;gbapUf;f
,g;gpuQ;rj;ijg; gilj;jJ xUtd; vd;why; mtidf; fz;lhy; jhd; ek;GNtd;. fhl;L vd;gJ vg;gb
mwpTilathjkhFk;.
xU nghpa Mfha tpkhdk; mUfpypUf;Fk; nghOJ nghpjhfj; njhpfpwJ. mNj tpkhdk;. gj;jhapuk; mb cauj;jpy;
gwe;jhy; fz;Zf;F xU mb Nghy; jhd; Njhd;Wk;. mNj tpkhdk; 50 mapuk; mb cauj;jpy; gwe;jhy; fz;Zf;Fj;
njhptjpy;iy. ,j;jifa Cdf; fz;fisf; nfhz;ltd; kdpjd;.
mUfpypUf;Fk; mZitAk; vl;l ,Uf;Fk; el;rj;jpuq;fisAk; ,d;Dk; ,g;gpugQ;rj;jpy; tphpe;J fplf;Fk;
t];Jf;fisAk; kdpjdpd; Cdf;fz; nfhz;L fhz KbahjNghJ. mitfisg; gilj;j ,iwtid vd;
fz;nfhz;L fz;lhy; jhd; ek;GNtd; vd;gJ kdpjdpd; rpwg;Gg; gz;gpw;F Vw;Gila thjhkhFkh?
vijAk; ghh;j;J mwptJ Ie;jwpTila kpUfq;fspd; ,ay;ghFk;. gFj;J mwptJ jhd; gFj;jwpTila kdpjdpd;
,ay;ghFk;. MwhtJ mwpthf kdpjDf;F nfhLf;fg;gl;bUg;gNj rpe;jpg;gjw;fhfj; jhd;.
ek; gFj;jwpT ekf;F $Wtnjy;yhk;.
fhuzkpy;yhky; fhhpakpy;iy.
Gj;jpapy;yhky; xOq;F ,y;iy.
Mf;fpNahdpy;yhky; Md nghUspy;iy.

,iwtid gilj;jJ ahh; ?
Nfs;tp : kdpjh;fisg; gilj;jJ ,iwtd; vd;why; ,iwtidg; gilj;jtd; ahh; ?

gjpy; : ,g;gb xU tprpj;jpukhd thjj;ij xU rpyh; Nfl;L jq;fis gFj;jwpTthjpfs; vd;W nkr;rpf;
nfhs;fpd;wdh;.
,iwtidg; gilj;jtd; xUtd; ,Uf;fpwhd; vd;why; ,iwtidg; gilj;j mtidg; gilj;jtd; ahh; ? me;j
mtidAk; gilj;jtd; ahh; ? ,g;gb ,e;j thjk; njhlh;e;J nfhz;Nl NghFk;.
,yf;fpaj;jpypUe;J ,yf;fzk; gpwe;jjh? ,yf;fzj;jpypUe;J ,yf;fpak; gpwe;jjh?
NfhopapypUe;J Kl;il te;jjh? Kl;ilapypUe;J Nfhop te;jjh? vd;gJ Nghy.
jh;f;f thjj;jpNy ,jid njhlhp vd;W $Wthh;fs;. ve;j thjj;jpNy njhlhp tUfpwNjh me;j thjk; jtwhd
thjk; vd;W mwpQh;fs; $Wfpd;whh;fs;.
,iwtid ek;ghj ,th;fs; tpQ;Qhdj;ij ek;Gthh;fs; my;yth. rf;jpia (ENERGY) gw;wpa etPd tpQ;Qhdj;jpd;
KbthdJ> ‘rf;jp’ mJ cUthf;fg;gLtJkpy;iy. mJ mopf;fg;gLtJkpy;iy. xU tbtj;jpypUe;J ,d;Ndhh;
tbtj;jpw;F khw;wg;gLfpwJ vd;gjhFk;. ePh; rf;jpia kpd; rf;jpahf> mZrf;jpia kpd;rf;jpahf> kpd;rf;jpia tpir
rf;jpahf xsp rf;jpahfnty;yhk; khw;Wfpd;Nwhk;.
rf;;jpia cUthf;fNth mopf;fNth KbahJ. xd;wpypUe;J ,d;ndhd;wpw;F khw;wyhk; vDk; tpQ;Qhd tpjpia
xj;Jf;nfhs;Sk; ehj;jpfh;fs; ,e;j rf;jpfisnay;yhk; MjpapNy gilj;j Mjpahdtid – khngUk; rf;jpahsid
,iwtidg; gilj;jJ ahh; vd;W Nfl;gJ njspT NjLk; thjk; my;y. Fjh;f;fkhd thjNkahFk;.
,j;jifa thjj;ij epWj;j Ntz;Lk; vd;W 1400 Mz;LfSf;F Kd;Ng ,iwj;J}jh; K`k;kJ (]y;) mth;fs;
mwptWj;jpAs;shh;fs;.
‘irj;jhd; xUtd; cq;fsplk; te;J Nfl;ghd;> ‘,itfis mitfis gilj;jJ ahh; ? gpd;dh; Nfl;ghd;>
cq;fs; ,iwtidg; gilj;jtd; ahh:? ,j;jifa epiyapy; cq;fs; thjj;ij epWj;jpf; nfhs;Sq;fs;.

myyh`;tplk; ghJfhty; NjLq;fs;’ – egpnkhop (K];ypk; - Gfhhp)
my;yh`;. (ahtw;Wf;Fk;) Ke;jpatDk; mtNd> gpe;jpatDk; mtNd. (57 : 3)
mtd; vd;nwd;Wk; [Ptpj;jpUg;gtd;> vd;nwd;Wk; epiyj;jpUg;gtd;.(2 :255)

,iwtd; cUtkw;wtd;
Nfs;tp : ,iwtd; cUtkw;wtd; vd;fpwPh;fNs! mg;gbahapd; mtd; khiaah? jj;Jtkh?

gjpy; : ,iwtd; vd;gtd; khiaAk; my;y. jj;jtKk; my;y #j;jpuKk; my;y. ,itnay;yhk; mj;itj
Ntjhe;jpfspd; fz;Lgpbg;Gfs;. ,iwtd; jd;idf; Fwpj;J> jd; gz;Gfisf; Fwpj;J vg;gb vg;gb> vij vij
nrhy;fpd;whNdh mij mg;gbNa Vw;Wf;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. Nkyhf mtidf; Fwpj;J rpe;jpf;ff;$lhJ vd;W
,];yhk; $WfpwJ. ,iwtd; cUtkw;wtd; vd;W rpyh; $Wfpd;whh;fs;. Mdhy; jhd; cUtkw;wtd; vd;W
,iwtd; jd; jpUkiwapy; $wTkpy;iy. ,iwJ}jUk; $wpj;jutpy;iy.
,iwtd; mofpa jpUKfk;> if fhy;fs; cz;L. mtd; ghh;f;fpwhd;. Nfl;fpwhd;. rphpf;fpwhd;. jpUg;jp milfpwhd;.
Nfhgg;gLfpwhd;. vd;nwy;yhk; jpUf;Fh;MDk;> jpUj;J}jh; nghd;nkhopAk; $Wfpd;wd.
‘g+kpahfpa mjd; NkYs;s ahTk; mope;J Nghff;$bajhFk;. fz;zpaKk;> rq;ifAk; cila ckJ ,ul;rfdpd;
(rq;ifahd) Kf(k; kl;L)Nk (mopahJ) epiyj;jpUf;Fk; ’ vd;W Fh;Md; (55 : 26> 27) $WfpwJ. (,d;Dk; ghh;f;f
2:15> 2:272 13:22> 30:38> 39> 76:9> 92:20> 6:52> 18:28> 28:88)
‘my;yh`;tpd; jpUKfj;jpd; nghUl;lhy; nrhh;f;fj;ijj; jtpu Ntnwhd;iwAk; Nfl;ff; $lhJ’ vd;W egp – (]y;)
mth;fs; $wpAs;shh;fs;. (mg+jht+j;)
Nkw;nrhd;d ,iwtrdq;fspd; %yKk;. egpnkhopapd; %yKk; my;yh`;Tf;F Kfk; cz;L vd;W mwpfpNwhk;.
‘g+kpaidj;Jk; kWik ehspy; mtDila (xU ifg;) gpbapYk;> thdq;fs; (midj;Jk;) mtDila tyf;ifapYk;
RUl;lg;gl;ljhf ,Uf;Fk; ’ vd;W Fh;Md; (139:67) $WfpwJ. (,d;Dk; ghh;;f;f 3:73> 5:64> 48:10> 57:29> 3:26> 23:88>
36:83> 67:1> 49:1> 38:75> 36:71)
‘my;yh`; jd; tyf;fuj;jhy; xU gpbia gpbj;jhd;. mJ Nghd;Nw jd; ,lf;ifapdhy; xU gpbiag; gpbj;jhd;.
,J. ,jw;FhpaJ (Rth;f;fj;jpw;FhpaJ) ,J ,jw;FhpaJ (eufj;jpw;FhpaJ) mJgw;wp ehd; nghUl;gLj;j khl;Nld;’
vd;W my;yh`; $wpajhf egp- ]y; mth;fs; $wpdhh;fs;. (m`;kj;)
epr;rakhf MjKila kf;fspd; ,jaq;fs; midj;Jk; u`;khdpd; tpuy;fspy; ,Utpuy;fSf;F kj;jpapy; xNu xU
,jaj;ijg; Nghd;W cs;sJ. mtd; tpUg;gg;gl;lgb mtw;iwj; jpUg;Gfpwhd;. ,af;Ffpwhd; vd;W egp - ]y;
mth;fs; $wpAs;shh;fs;. (K];ypk;)
Nkw;fz;l ,iwtrdq;fs; egpnkhopfs; %ykhf my;yh`;tpw;F ,U iffSk;> tpuy;fSk; cz;L vd;W mwpfpNwhk;.
‘nfz;ilf;fhiy tpl;L (jpiu) mfw;wg;gLk; ehspy; ]{[{J nra;AkhW (kf;fs;) miof;fg;gLk; ehspy;
(,t;Tyfpy; khW nra;j) mth;fs; mjw;Fk; ,ayhjpUg;ghh;fs;’ vd;W ,iwtd; jd; Fh;Mdpy; (68:42) $Wfpwhd;.
md]; (uyp) mth;fs; mwptpf;fpwhh;fs;. egp- ]y; mth;fs; $wpdhh;fs;. kf;fs; euf neUg;gpy; J}f;fp
vwpag;gLthh;fs; mJNth ,t;thW nrhy;ypf;nfhz;bUf;Fk;> ,d;Dk; ,Uf;fpd;wjh? mfpy cyfq;fpsdJk;
,iwtd; jdJ ghjq;fis mjd; kPJ NghLthh;. gpd;dh; mjd; ,U gf;fq;fSk; xd;Wf;nfhd;W kpf neUq;fp
tUk; gpwF mJ (eufk;) NghJk; NghJk; vd;W nrhy;Yk; (Gfhhp)
Nkw;fz;l ,iwtrdk; egpnkhopfs; thapyhf my;yh`;Tf;F ghjq;fs; cz;L vd;W mwpfpNwhk;.
me;j mstw;w mUshdd; mh;pd; kpJ xOq;Fw mike;jhd; - Fh;Md; (20:5)
mh;pd; kPJ ,Uf;fpwhd; vd;gjw;F tpsf;fk; nrhy;Yq;fs; vd;W egp- ]y; mth;fsplk; tpdtg;gl;l NghJ mh;pd;
kPJ mtd; ,Uf;fpwhd; vd;gij mg;gbNa Vw;Wf;nfhs;tJ flikahFk;. mij kWg;gJ F/g;uhFk;. Mdhy; mJ
vg;gb vd;W rpe;jpg;gJ $lhJ mij mwpAk; rf;jp ekf;Ff; fpilahJ vd;W egp- ]y; mth;fs; $wpdhh;fs; .

(K];yPk;)
mg+`{iuuh (uyp) mwptpf;fpd;whh;fs;. egp- ]y; mth;fs; $wpdhh;fs;. xt;nthU ,utpd; %d;whk; gFjpapYk;
khl;rpikAk; mUSk; epiwe;j ekJ ,iwtd; mbthdj;jpw;F ,wq;fp tUfpwhd;. (Gfhhp)
gilg;gpdq;fspy; vtUf;Fk; vjw;Fk; xg;Gik ,y;yhj tpjj;jpy; mtd; Kjy; thdj;jpw;F ,wq;fp tUfpwhd; vd;W
nghUs; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
my;yh`; mtidg; Nghd;W vg;nghUSk; ,y;iy. - Fh;Md; (42:11)
,d;Dk; mtDf;F epfuhf vtUk; ,y;iy. (112:5) vd;W Fh;Md; $WfpwJ.
my;yh`;Tf;F Kfk; cz;L. iffs; cz;L. fhy;fs; cz;L. mh;pd; kPJ mkh;jy;> Kjy; thdj;jpw;F ,wq;fp
tUjy; Nghd;w gz;Gfis vy;yhk; mg;gbNa Vw;Wf; nfhs;sNtz;Lk;. mjw;F ctikfs; $wf;$lhJ.
cjhuzq;fs; $wf;$lhJ. vtUf;Fk; epfhpy;yhj vg;nghUisg; NghYk; ,y;yhkYk; ,Uf;fpd;whd;. mtd;
jd;ikfis cUtfg;gLj;jpNah> $l;bNah> Fiwj;Njh> khw;wpNah> kdpj fw;gidf;F Vw;g nghUs;
nfhs;sf;$lhJ. kdpj fw;gidf;F mg;ghw;gl;ltdhf Vf ,iwtd; ,Uf;fpwhd;.
jdpj;jd;ik tha;e;j me;j ty;y ehaid ahUNk fz;ljpy;iy.
ghh;itfs; mtid mila KbahJ - Fh;Md; (6:103)
mth;fSf;F Kd;dhy; cs;stw;iwAk;> mth;fSf;Fg; gpd;dhYs;stw;iwAk; mtd; mwpthd;. mtid mth;fs;
(jk;) Qhdj;jhy; mwpe;J nfhs;s KbahJ - Fh;Md; (20:110) vd;W ,iwtd; $Wfpwhd;.
(my;yh`;) mtDf;Fk; (mbahh;fSf;FkpilNa) xspj; jpiuahf cs;sJ. me;j xspj;jpiuia mtd; mfw;wpdhy;
mtd; jpUKfj;jpd; N[hjp mtd; ghh;it gLk; gilg;gpdq;fis vy;yhk; vhpj;J tpLk; vd;W egp- ]y; mth;fs;
$wpdhh;fs; (,g;Dkh[h)
jdf;Fk;. jd; mbahh;fSf;Fk; kj;jpapNy jpiuapl;Ls;s my;yh`; jd; J}jh;fsplk; ciuahw;wpaJ cz;L.
‘(cs;sj;J cjpg;G) t`Papd; %yNkh> my;yJ jpiuf;F mg;ghypUe;Njh. my;yJ xU J}jiu (thdtiu
mDg;gpNah jtpu> ve;j kdpjUf;Fk; my;yh`; mtUld; NgRtJ ,y;iy vd;W Fh;Md; (42:51) $WfpwJ.
my;yh`; mtd; fz;zpaj;jpw;F Vw;g Kd;G te;J nrd;w ,iwj; J}jh;fsplk; NgrpapUf;fpwhd;. ,Wjpj;J}jh;
K`k;kJ (]y;) mth;fis VO thdj;jpw;F mg;ghy; mioj;Jr; nrd;W jpiukiwtpy; ciuahb mth;fis
rpwg;gpj;J mDg;gpapUf;fpwhd;. me;j Vfid ,k;ikapy; ghh;f;Fk; rf;jp vtUf;Fk; ,y;iy. Mdhy; kWikapy;
jpiuapd;wp NeUf;F Neh; ghh;f;Fk; ghf;fpaj;ijAk;> NeUf;F Neh; NgRk; ghf;fpaj;ijAk; nrhh;f;fthrpfSf;F
mspg;Ngd; vd;Dk; thf;FWjpia my;yh`; toq;Ffpwhd;.
md;iwa jpdj;jpy; (kWikapy;) rpy Kfq;fs; kfo;r;rpapy; jpisj;jpUf;Fk;. jk; ,iwtidg; ghh;j;Jf;
nfhz;bUf;Fk; - Fh;Md; (75 : 23)
my;yh`;tpd; J}jNu! vq;fs; ,iwtid ehq;fs; fhz KbAkh? vd;W ehq;fs; Nfl;Nlhk;. Nkfj;jhy;
kiwf;fg;glhj #hpaid eLg;gfypy; fhz;gjw;F cq;fSf;Fr; rpukk; vJTk; ,Uf;Fkh? vd;W jpUg;gpf;
Nfl;lhh;fs;. ‘,Uf;fhJ’ vd;W ehq;fs; $wpNdhk;. ,t;tpuz;ilAk; fhz;gjpy; cq;fSf;Fr; rpukk; Vw;glhJ
vd;gJ NghyNt cq;fs; ,iwtidf; fhz;gjpy; rpukg;gl khl;Bh;fs; vd;W egp- ]y; mth;fs; $wpdhh;fs; (Gfhhp>
K];ypk;> ,g;Dkh[h)
cq;fspy; vtUlDk; cq;fs; ,iwtd; NgrhkypUf;fkhl;lhd;. mtDf;Fk; mtdJ ,iwtDf;FkpilNa ve;j
nkhopngah;g;ghsUk; ,Uf;f khl;lhh;fs; vd;Wk; egp- ]y; mth;fs; $wpdhh;fs;. (Gfhhp> K];ypk;> ,g;Dkh[h)
Rth;f;fthrpfs; Rth;f;fj;jpYk;. eufthrpfs; eufj;jpy; Eioe;jTld; :
‘RtdthrpfNs! my;yh`; cq;fSf;F mspj;j thf;FWjp xd;W cs;sJ. mij cq;fs; ,iwtd; epiwNtw;w
tpUk;Gfpd;whd; vd;W miog;ghsh; xUth; $Wthh;. mjw;F mth;fs; ‘mJ vd;d thf;FWjp? vq;fs; ed;ikapd;
vilia mtd; mjpfg;gLj;jtpy;iyah? vq;fs; Kfq;fs; ntz;ikahf;fptpltpy;iyah? vq;fis Rth;f;fj;jpy;
Eiof;ftpy;iyah? eufpypUe;J vq;fis mtd; tpLtpf;ftpy;iyah? (,jw;F Nky; NtW vd;d Ntz;Lk;) vd;gh;.
cld; ,iwtd; jpiuia tpyf;Ffpwhd;. mtid mth;fs; fhz;gh;. mtidf; fhz;gij tplTk; tpUg;gkhd
kfpo;r;rpahd NtW xd;iwAk; my;yh`; mth;fSf;F toq;fpajpy;iy’ vd;W egp- ]y; mth;fs; $wpdhh;fs;.

(m`kJ> jph;kjp> ,g;Dkh[h)
my;yh`; jd;Dila jpUf;Fh;Md; %yKk; jpUj;J}jh; %yKk; jd;idg; gw;wp vd;df; $wpdhNdh mij mg;gbNa
Vw;Wf;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. mjw;F Nky; ek;Kila rpe;jid nry;yf;$lhJ.
my;yh`;tpd; cs;sikapidf; Fwpj;J rpe;jpg;gJ top NflhFk;. mtdJ gilg;gpdq;fisf; Fwpj;J rpe;jpg;gNj
Nehpa topahFk;.
‘my;yh`;itg;gw;wp rpe;jpf;fhky; my;yh`;tpd; gilg;Gfisg; gw;wp rpe;jpAq;fs;’ vd;W egp- ]y; mth;fs; ek;ikg;
gzpf;fpd;whh;fs; (m`;kJ)
,iwtid jd;id cUtkw;wtd; vd;W $wpf;nfhs;stpy;iy. kdpjd; fw;gid nra;Ak; cUtk; vJTk;
,y;yjhtd; vd;Dk; nghUs; mbg;gilapNyNa cUtkw;wtd; vd;W $wpfpNwhk; vd;W $wpdhYk;. jhd;
cUtkw;wtd; vd;W ,iwtd; $whjjhy; mt;thW $Wtij jtph;f;f Ntz;Lk;.

,iwtDf;F khpahij
Nfs;tp : ,iwtid ‘mtd; ’ vd;fpd;wPh;fs;> ,J khpahij Fiwthf ,y;iyah?

gjpy; : rq;f ,yf;fpaq;fspy;’ mtd; ’ vd;Dk; nrhy; klLNk gad;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. gpw;fhyj;jpy; jhd; ‘mth;’ >
‘mth;fs; ’ vd;Dk; nrhw;fs; Gof;fj;jpy; te;jJ. fk;gd; te;jhd;. ts;Std; nrhd;dhd;. ghujp ghbdhd; vd;W
jhd; $wpNdhk;. $WfpNwhk;. ‘xd;Nw Fyk; xUtNd Njtd; ’ vd;fpNwhkh jtpu ‘xUtNu Njth;’ vd;W
$Wtjpy;iy. jkpo; mfuhjpapy; mtd; khpahijf; Fiwthd nrhy;Yky;y.
‘mth;’ > ‘mth;fs; ’ vd;Dk; nrhw;fs; mNefkhf gd;ikiaf; Fwpf;fTk; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ. ,iwtd; Vfd;>
jdpj;jtd;> ‘mth;’ vd;Nwh ‘mth;fs; ’ vd;Nwh Fwpg;gpl;lhy; kdpj rpe;ijapy; gd;ik czh;T te;Jtplf;$lhJ
vd;gjw;fhfNt jhd; ,iwtid mtd; vd;W Fwpg;gpLfpd;Nwhk;.

jHkq;fs; (]jfh)

nry;te;jHfs; jhq;fshfNt kdKte;J Kd;te;J jUtNj ']jfh" vdg;gLk;. ]jfh vd;w jHkq;fisj;
jUtij ,];yhk; Vw;Wf; nfhz;J. mq;fPfhpj;jJ. ,j;jh;kq;fisg; gy topfspy; juyhk;> ngw;NwhHfisAk;
cwtpdHfisAk; NgZtjd; %yKk;> NjitAs;stHfSf;F cjTtjd; %yKk;; jHkq;fs; vd;w ]jfhitj;
juyhk;> rpy Neuq;fspy; ]jfh vd;gJ ew;nray;fshfTk; ,uf;fk; fdpe;j thHj;ijfshfTk; ,Uf;Fk;.
ek;Kila cw;whH cwtpdHfsplj;jpy; ehk; jhuhskhf ele;J nfhs;tij vtNuDk;> ehk; mjd; %yk; mtHfis
Vsdg;gLj;Jfpd;Nwhk; vdf; $WthHfsh? $wkhl;lhHfs;. ek;Kila cw;whH cwtpdHfsplj;jpNy jhuhskhf
ele;J nfhs;tJ> ehk; nfhz;bUf;fpd;w md;G> ghrk;> mDjhgk; Mfpatw;wpd; tpisNt! ehk; ekJ rNfhjuDf;F
xU nghUis md;gspg;ghfj; jUtJ my;yJ ekJ cwtpdHfSf;F tpUe;jspg;gJ epr;rakhf mtHfis
Vsdg;gLj;jpajhfhJ. ,J mtHfis ntl;fj;jpy; Mo;j;jhJ ntWg;ig Vw;gLj;jhJ.
,];yhj;jpd; Muk;g ehl;fspy; ]fhj; vd;d mbg;gilapy; toq;fg;gl;lNjh mNj mbg;gilapy; twpatHfSf;F
md;gspg;Gfisg; nghUl;fshf toq;Ftjw;Fg; nghUe;Jk;. ViofSf;Fk; twpatHfSf;Fk; nghUl;fis
md;gspg;ghfj; jUtij ,];yhj;jpd; Muk;g ehl;fspypUe;j tho;f;ifr; #o;epiyfs; rfpj;Jf; nfhs;gitahf
,Ue;jd. ,g;gb md;gspg;G jUtij ViofSf;Fk; twpatHfSf;Fk; cjtp nra;jpLtjw;f;F ,Uf;fpd;w
NeHikahd top vd ,];yhk; fUjpaJ. ]jf;fh vd;w jhdjHkq;fis xNu xUtifahfj;jhd; je;jpl Ntz;Lk;
vd;W gzpf;fpd;w tjj;jpy; ve;j tpjpAk; ,];yhj;jpy; ,y;iy. jHkq;fis (]jf;fhit) rKjhar; Nritfspy;
<Lgl;bUf;Fk; mikg;GfSf;F ed;nfhilahfTk; juyhk;. mJ NghyNt jd;Dila jpl;lq;fisAk;>
Kaw;r;rpfisAk; nray;gLj;j jd;Dila jpl;lq;fisAk;> Kaw;r;rpfisAk; nray;gLj;j epjp Ntz;b epw;Fk;
,];yhkpa muRfSf;F cjtpj;njhifahf juyhk;.
,];yhkpa murpd; fPo; thOk; kf;fspy; Viofs; ,Ue;jpLk; tiu> muR jd;dhy; ,ad;w vy;yhtopfspNyAk;
Kad;W me;j Vio kf;fspd; tho;it tskhf;fpl Ntz;Lk; vd;W ,];yhk; gzpf;fpd;wJ. ,d;Dk; ,];yhkpa
rKjhaj;jpy; Viofs; kl;Le;jhd; ,Ug;ghHfs; vd;wpy;iy. ckH gpd; mg;Jy;- m[p]; mtHfspd; fhyj;jpy;
,];yhkpa rKjhak; mile;jpUe;j cd;dj epiyia ,];yhk; mile;jpLk; NghJ Viofs; vtUk; ,];yhkpa
rKjha mikg;gpy; ,Uf;fkhl;hHfs;> me;epiyapy; jHkq;fisj; Njitg;gLgtHfNsh> ]fhj;ij
Vw;Wf;nfhs;gtHfNsh ,Uf;fkhl;lhHfs;. mg;NghJ ]jfhthf t#y; nra;ag;gLk; epjp rKjhaj;jpw;F kpfTk;
Kf;fpakhfj; Njitg;gLk; NritfSf;fhfg; gad;gLj;jg;gLk;. mjhtJ VjhtJ fhuzj;jhy; Ntiy nra;a
KbahkypUf;Fk; kdpjHfisf; fz;Lgpbj;J mtHfSf;F toq;fg;gLk;.
kf;fsplk;> jHkq;fis ek;gp thOq;fs; vd;W xUNghJk; ,];yhk; $wpajpy;iy. jq;fsJ tho;f;ifj;
Njitfisj; jq;fsJ ciog;ghy; rk;ghjpj;jpl KbahjtHfSf;Ff; fz;zpakhdnjhU tho;it mikj;Jj;
jUtJ ,];yhkpa murpd; flikahFk;. jHkq;fis ek;gpNa thOq;fs; vd;W kf;fis ,];yhk; tpl;bUe;jhy;
,g;gbg;gl;lnjhU flikia murpd; kPJ tpjpj;jpUf;fhJ vd;gij ehk; Ghpe;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
mJ NghyNt ciof;f Kbe;j xt;nthUtUf;Fk; Ntiytha;g;gpid toq;fpl Ntz;baJk; ,];yhkpa murpd;
flikahFk;. ,];yhkpa murpd; ,e;jf; flikiag; gpd;tUk; egpnkhop typAWj;Jfpd;wJ.
' ,iwtdpd; JhjH mtHfsplk; te;J xU kdpjH jhd;tho VjhtJ Ntz;Lk; vd ahrpj;jhH. ,iwtdpd;
JhjutHfs; xU fapw;iwAk;> NfhlhhpiaAk; mthplk; je;J tpwF ntl;b> tpw;W thOk;gb $wpdhHfs;. mj;Jld;
jpUk;g te;J vd;d ele;jJ vd;gij vd;dplk; $wNtz;Lk; vd;Wk; $wpdhHfs;. "
NkNy je;Js;s ,e;j vLj;Jf;fhl;L xU jdpg;gl;l cjhuzkhFk;. ,jw;Fk; ,Ugjhk; Ehw;whz;bw;Fk; ve;j
njhlHGk; ,y;iy vd rpyH $wyhk;. ,e;j cjhuzj;jpy; xU kdpjd;> xU Nfhlhhp> xU fapW ,itj;jhd;
rk;ke;jg;gl;Ls;sd. Mdhy; ,Ugjhk; Ehw;whz;bd; ,d;iwa epiyapy; Nfhbf;fzf;fhd Ntiyaw;wtHfs;>
kpfg;nghpa Miyfs;> tYthd murhq;f mikg;Gfs;> mtw;wpd; fPo; ,aq;Fk; gy;NyW Jiwfs;> ,tw;iwnay;yhk;
ftdj;jpy; nfhs;sNtz;Lk;. MfNt NkNy nrd;d vLj;Jf;fhl;L ,d;iwa #o;epiyfSf;F xj;JtuhJ vd;Wk;
rpyH thjpf;fyhk;.
,J xU nghUe;jhthjkhFk;. Vnddpy; njhopw;$lq;fs; Njhd;Wtjw;F Xuhapuk; Mz;LfSf;F Kd;dNu
mtw;iwf; Fwpj;Jr; rpy tpjpKiwfisj; je;jpl Ntz;ba mtrpak; nUkhdhH(]y;) mtHfSf;Ff;fpUf;ftpy;iy.

mg;gbNa rpy tpjpfisj; je;jpUe;jhYk; mJ ahUf;Fk; Ghpe;jpUf;fhJ.
nghUkhdhH(]y;) mtHfs; ,e;j tpaj;jpy; Njitahd mbg;gil tpjpfisj; je;jpUf;fpd;whHfs; vd;gNj
NghJkhdjhFk;. ,e;j mbg;giliaf; nfhz;L #o;epiyfSf;Nfw;g tpjpfis mikj;Jf;nfhs;s xt;nthU
jiyKiwiaAk; mDkjpj;Js;shHfs;. ,J kpfTk; gaDs;s mwpthHe;j Vw;ghlhFk;.
,e;j tifapy; NkNy cs;s egpnkhop gpd;tUk; mbg;gil tpjpfisj; jUtjhFk;.
1. me;j kdpjDf;F xU Ntiy tha;g;igj; ju Ntz;Lk; vd;w nghUkhdhH(]y;) mtHfspd; nghWg;GzHr;rp.
mjhtJ Ml;rpj;jiythpd; nghWg;G ,jpy; mwpTWj;jg;gLfpd;wJ.
2. mg;NghJ ,Ue;j #o;epiyfSf;Nfw;g me;j kdpjUf;F xU Ntiyia CH[pjk; nra;jhHfs;.
3. me;j kdpjhplj;jpy; 'jpUk;gp te;J vd;d ele;jJ" vd;gij jd;dplk; $wNtz;Lk; vd;W $wpajpd; %yk;
muRf;F ,Uf;Fk; nghWg;ig mwpTWj;JAs;shHfs; nghWkhdhH(]y;) mtHfs;.
,];yhk; gjp%d;W Ehw;whz;LfSf;F Kd;dH typAWj;jpa nghWg;GzHr;rpia Kd;dH ,d;W tof;fpypUf;Fk; murpay;
nghUshjhuf; nfhs;iffs; CH[pjk; nra;tdthf ,Uf;fpd;wd. ,];yhkpa rKjha mikg;gpy; xUNtiy
murhq;fj;jhy; Ntiyaw;NwhUf;F Ntiy juKbahtpl;lhy; nghJepjpf; fUt+yk; mtHfspd; epiyikr; rPuilAk;
tiu mtHfsJ Njitfisf; ftzpj;Jf;nfhs;Sk;. ,g;gb xU vw;ghl;ilr; nra;tjpy; jtNwJkpy;iy. Vnddpy;
K];ypk;fs; murpd; tptfhuq;fspYk; rhp> mLj;jtHfspd; Jd;gq;fspd; NghJk; rhp kpfTk; jhuhs
kdg;ghd;ikAlNdNa ele;J nfhs;thHfs;.

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