1. The UCLA Broadcast News Archive
Makes News: A Transformative
Approach to Using the News in
Teaching, Research, and Publication
Sharon. E. Farb
Todd Grappone
UCLA
http://www.slideshare.net/uclalibrary/ucla-
or12
2. What is UCLA Broadcast News Archive?
⢠Expanding archive of over 150,000 television
news programs captured and digitized
⢠Searching of program-level metadata as well
as actual program content, utilizing the more
than 802 million words of closed-caption
texts, as well as on-screen texts, detected
visual shapes, and other attributes of the
audiovisual stream
⢠Over 9.7 Billion Images
Open Repositories 2012
3. It all starts with the missionâŚ
UC Policy on Copyright Ownership
⢠Section I.
⢠Preamble
⢠âThe creation of copyrighted works is one of the ways the
University fulfills its mission of contributing to the body of
knowledge for the public good. The University encourages the
creation of original works of authorship and the free expression
and exchange of ideas.â
⢠http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/copyright/systemwide/pcoi.html
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4. The Mission of Higher Education
⢠4 Principles (Pelikan, 1992)
⢠The advancement of knowledge through research
⢠The extension of knowledge through teaching
⢠The preservation of knowledge in libraries, galleries and
museums
⢠The diffusion of knowledge through scholarly publication
⢠Jaroslav Pelikan, The Idea of the University: A Reexamination, 1992
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5. UCLA TV News Archive Infrastructure
Web Searching & browsing
Account Access
server control serve Playback requests Users
r
Audio
and
video
Search
index &
DB
Scheduler
Capture Authorized
videos
Encoder Requests
Encoded Low-
video
latency Streaming
storage Videos server
Snapshots
Analysis
scripts
Remote High-
backup Mirroring capacity
Open Repositories 2012 storage
6. Sources of TV news videos
Terrestrial
broadcast,
cable, or
satellite TV
signal.
Contains
video, audio
and closed
captioning
streams.
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7. Video capture scheduling and monitoring
Audio
and
video
Scheduler
Capture
Scheduler interface to select programs for recording
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8. Video capture, encoding, and storage
Audio
and
video
Raw ATSC video (approx. 60-70 GB/hour)
compressed to
Scheduler
Capture H.264 448x336, AAC at 96 Kbps (250 MB/hour)
Encoder
Encoded Low-
video
latency Isilon X200
storage network-attached
Snapshots
Analysis disk storage array
scripts
Images taken at 10-secondRepsitries 2012to enable visual navigation
Open intervals
9. Metadata updates
TOP|20110204130001|2011-02-
04_0500_KCET_BBC_World_News
COL|Communication Studies Archive, UCLA
UID|d9149328-3062-11e0-8555-001517add60e
Audio DUR|0:29:49.48
and
video
Search
The Apache Solr search index
index &
is updated in real-time
DB
Scheduler
Capture
CC1|20110204130013|>> THIS IS "BBC WORLD NEWS."
CC1|20110204130016|FUNDING FOR THIS PRESENTATION
Encoder CC1|20110204130018|IS MADE POSSIBLE BY THE FREEMAN
CC1|20110204130023|FOUNDATION OF NEW YORK, STOWE,
Encoded Low-
videoCC1|20110204130024|VERMONT, AND HONOLULU.
latency
CC1|20110204130027|NEWMAN'S OWN FOUNDATION.
storage
CC1|20110204130028|THE JOHN D. AND CATHERINE T.
CC1|20110204130029|MACARTHUR FOUNDATION.
Snapshots
Analysis
CC1|20110204130030|AND UNION BANK.
scripts CC1|20110204130058|>> AND NOW, "BBC WORLD NEWS."
CC1|20110204130104|>> EGYPT'S PROTESTERS CALL THIS
CC1|20110204130110|THE DAY OF DEPARTURE.
CC1|20110204130111|THEY WANT THE PRESIDENT TO STEP
CC1|20110204130113|DOWN IMMEDIATELY.
Open Repositories 2012
10. Video data backup
Audio
and
video
Search
index &
DB
Scheduler
Capture
Encoder
Encoded Low-
video
latency
storage
Snapshots
Analysis
scripts
Remote High-
backup Mirroring capacity
Open Repositories 2012 storage
11. User interaction and video selection
Web Searching & browsing
serve Users
r
Audio
and
video
Search
index &
DB
Scheduler
Capture Authorized
videos
Encoder
Encoded Low-
video
latency
storage
Snapshots
Analysis
scripts
Remote High-
backup Mirroring capacity
Open Repositories 2012 storage
13. User authentication and video viewing
Web Searching & browsing
Account Access
server control serve Playback requests Users
r
Audio
and
video
Search
index &
DB
Scheduler
Capture Authorized
videos
Encoder Requests
Encoded Low-
video
latency Streaming
storage Videos server
Snapshots
Analysis
scripts
Remote High-
backup Mirroring capacity
Open Repositories 2012 storage
15. What is news, n. ?*
⢠New things; novelties. Obs.
⢠The report or account of recent (esp. important or
interesting) events or occurrences, brought or coming
to one as new information; new occurrences as a
subject of report or talk; tidings.
⢠With sing. concord. Now esp. such information as
published or broadcast.
⢠As predicate: a person, thing, or place regarded as
worthy of discussion or of reporting by the media.
* Oxford English Dictionary Online
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17. All material must be used within Title 17 USC 108 (f) (3)
Core Collection:
ABC, CBS, NBC, CNN,
Fox News, special
news such as
Watergate, 9/11, etc
Loan requests receive
DVDs
Fees are charged to
cover costs
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18. Section 108 Study Group Report ix Executive
Summary Television News Exception
⢠Issue:
â Subsection 108(f)(3) permits libraries and archives to copy
television news programs off the air and lend the copies to
users. Should this exception be amended to permit libraries and
archives to provide access to those copies by means other than
the lending of physical copies?
⢠Recommendations:
â 1. The television news exception should be amended to allow
libraries and archives to transmit view-only copies of television
news programs electronically by streaming and similar
technologies to other section 108- eligible libraries and
archives for purposes of private study, scholarship, or research
under certain conditions, and after a reasonable period has
passed since the original transmission.
â 2. Any amendment should not include an exception permitting
libraries and archives to transmit downloadable copies.
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19. Fair Use: Tranformativeness
Beyond Vanderbilt
4 Factors 17 USC 107 Transformativeness
⢠The purpose and character ⢠Did the unlicensed use
of the use âtransformâ the
⢠The nature of the copyrighted material by
copyrighted work using it for a different
⢠The amount and purpose?
substantiality of the ⢠Was the amount and
portion used nature of the material used
⢠The effect of the use on the appropriate?
market or value of the
copyrighted work
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20. UCLA Transformativeness
Post Capture Processing
⢠Selection of sources useful
in teaching and research
⢠Video capture
⢠Metadata updates
⢠Archive search
⢠Tool development
â Face recognition
⢠Leverage images and closed
captions
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21. Use Cases: News Archive in Teaching and Research
⢠Multi-modal research and teaching
⢠Comparative studies
⢠Use as the object of a social, political, or cultural
critique
⢠Use for illustration or example
⢠Capturing, Reproducing, to memoralize or
preserve
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23. ⢠âLibraries of all kinds during the centuries of their existence
have had a common objectiveâone so generally accepted that
it is seldom made explicit. It is the conservation and
organization of the worldâs resources of recorded thought and
fact so as to make them available for present and future users.â
⢠Robert D. Leigh, The Public Library in the United States, 1950
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24. THANK YOU!
Contact
Sharon E. Farb
farb@library.ucla.edu
Todd Grappone
grappone@library.ucla.edu
Open Repositories 2012
25. References
⢠17 USC 107
⢠17 USC 108
⢠Bill Graham Archives v. Dorling Kindersley Limited (2nd Cir. 2006) 448 F.
3d. 605
⢠Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for Online VideoâCenter for Social
Media
⢠Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for Academic and Research Libraries
⢠Library Copyright Alliance Brief on Streaming of Films for Educational
Purposes
⢠Jaszi, Peter. Reclaiming Fair Use, University of Chicago Press, 2011
⢠Netanel, Neil W., Making Sense of Fair Use. Lewis & Clark Law
Review, Vol. 15; UCLA School of Law. 2011
⢠The Section 108 Study Group Report. United States Copyright Office
and the National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation
Program of the Library of Congress. 2008
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Hinweis der Redaktion
The Vanderbilt Television News Archive was founded by Paul Simpson, a Nashville businessman, who in 1968 recognized a need to preserve the daily news broadcasts of the three major television networks, ABC, CBS and NBC. Simpson toured 3 networks to see how news produced and determine bias. Simpson thought NY news were out of synch with rest of US. Simpson learned compete broadcast only kept 2 weeks before tapes were erased and rerecorded. Simpson approached Vanderbilt University with his idea, and worked with members of the Vanderbilt administration to establish a pilot project at Vanderbilt's library. Recording began on August 5, 1968 to coincide with that yearâs Republican National Convention. As the project grew, Simpson succeeded in finding private funding to sustain the Archive beyond its initial three-month trial period. Jim Pilkington was hired as the Archiveâs first administrator, and a Ford Foundation grant made possible the abstracting and indexing of each news broadcast for inclusion in the Archiveâs former monthly publication, âTelevision News Index and Abstracts
This is results from the transdisciplinary research group that got seed funding from OVCR/COR last spring; we've more or less finished analyzing the data from this Winter Quarter's fMRI scans, and they are quite striking. We're investigating how students learn, and used an embodied (gestural and imaginative) treatment and a verbal treatment. Within the embodied treatment, we're seeing a dramatic bimodal distribution: half of our study participants score higher on the post-test than the control average, and half lower; they also fall sharply into non-overlapping categories in our gesture data, and as you see below in the brain scan data. The activation in the high-performing group is a full christmas-tree effect: effective learning appears to engage the whole brain, in multiple sensory and representational modalities. In contrast, we see low levels of activation in students who fail to integrate the multimodal information into a coherent whole.The team is Marco Iacoboni of the Brain Mapping Center, Noel Enyedy from Education, and myself.
