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Motivation
                             Basic API
                   Proposed middleware
                                 Demo
                       Experimentation
                           Conclusions




A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed
            Middleware for IoT

       Aitor G´mez-Goiri1
              o                            Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a2
                                                  o          n

              DeustoTech, Deusto Institute of Technology
                  http://www.morelab.deusto.es


                                July 6, 2010




 Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a
        o                  o          n      A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
Motivation
                                      Basic API
                            Proposed middleware
                                          Demo
                                Experimentation
                                    Conclusions


Presentation

  1   Motivation
  2   Basic API
  3   Proposed middleware
        queryMultiple
        Services
        Embedded platform
        Mobile platform
  4   Demo
  5   Experimentation
  6   Conclusions

          Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a
                 o                  o          n    A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
Motivation
                                    Basic API
                          Proposed middleware
                                        Demo
                              Experimentation
                                  Conclusions


Motivation


     Self-configuring wireless network of devices whose purpose
     would be to interconnect all things
     Smart environments usually consist of a central device which
     has reason capacity and coordinates other devices
     Requires human intervention every time a new device is
     deployed
     Our aim is try to simplify the collaboration between devices
          providing certain intelligence on them
          without centralized coordinator



        Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a
               o                  o          n    A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
Motivation
                                     Basic API
                           Proposed middleware
                                         Demo
                               Experimentation
                                   Conclusions


Some alternatives...



      UPnP. Autoconfigure networks, devices share capabilities,
      events...
      DLNA. To share media content.
      Drawbacks:
           Multiple APIs and protocols from different vendors
           Semantic: Share knowledge instead of data.
           Without predefined language.




         Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a
                o                  o          n    A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
Motivation
                                     Basic API
                           Proposed middleware
                                         Demo
                               Experimentation
                                   Conclusions


Triple Space



      Tuplespace: read and write data structures in a shared space
      TripleSpace: read and write triples of semantic data
           Reference autonomy
           Time autonomy
           Space autonomy
      tsc++




         Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a
                o                  o          n    A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
Motivation
                                    Basic API
                          Proposed middleware
                                        Demo
                              Experimentation
                                  Conclusions


Distributed approach




        Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a
               o                  o          n    A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
Motivation
                                     Basic API
                           Proposed middleware
                                         Demo
                               Experimentation
                                   Conclusions


How is it distributed?




         Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a
                o                  o          n    A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
Motivation
                                    Basic API
                          Proposed middleware
                                        Demo
                              Experimentation
                                  Conclusions


Write




        Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a
               o                  o          n    A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
Motivation
                                    Basic API
                          Proposed middleware
                                        Demo
                              Experimentation
                                  Conclusions


Query




        Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a
               o                  o          n    A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
Motivation
                                   Basic API
                         Proposed middleware
                                       Demo
                             Experimentation
                                 Conclusions


Read




       Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a
              o                  o          n    A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
Motivation
                                   Basic API
                         Proposed middleware
                                       Demo
                             Experimentation
                                 Conclusions


Take




       Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a
              o                  o          n    A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
Motivation
                                    Basic API
                          Proposed middleware
                                        Demo
                              Experimentation
                                  Conclusions


Subscribe and advertise




        Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a
               o                  o          n    A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
Motivation
                                    Basic API     queryMultiple
                          Proposed middleware     Services
                                        Demo      Embedded platform
                              Experimentation     Mobile platform
                                  Conclusions


Proposed middleware



     tsc++ has been modified to provide another 3 primitives
          queryMultiple
          register
          invoke
     tscME developed
     communication between tsc++ peers and tscME peers
     gateway for other embedded devices




        Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a
               o                  o          n    A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
Motivation
                                    Basic API     queryMultiple
                          Proposed middleware     Services
                                        Demo      Embedded platform
                              Experimentation     Mobile platform
                                  Conclusions


Boundaries




        Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a
               o                  o          n    A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
Motivation
                                    Basic API     queryMultiple
                          Proposed middleware     Services
                                        Demo      Embedded platform
                              Experimentation     Mobile platform
                                  Conclusions


Query vs. QueryMultiple




     template: ?s ?p ?o .
     n templates which are extracted from a SPARQL query




        Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a
               o                  o          n    A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
Motivation
                                    Basic API     queryMultiple
                          Proposed middleware     Services
                                        Demo      Embedded platform
                              Experimentation     Mobile platform
                                  Conclusions


Input query

  CONSTRUCT {
    ?measure ismed:hasValue ?value .
  }
  WHERE {
    ?measure rdf:type ismed:LightMeasure .
    ?measure ismed:hasValue ?value .
    ?measure ismed:hasDateTime ?datetime .
    OPTIONAL {
      ?measure2 rdf:type ismed:LightMeasure .
      ?measure2 ismed:hasDateTime ?datetime2 .
      FILTER(?datetime2 > ?datetime) .
    }
    FILTER( !bound(?datetime2) )
  }

        Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a
               o                  o          n    A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
Motivation
                                     Basic API     queryMultiple
                           Proposed middleware     Services
                                         Demo      Embedded platform
                               Experimentation     Mobile platform
                                   Conclusions


Templates after processing the query


      ?s rdf:type ismed:LightMeasure .
      ?s ismed:hasValue ?o .
      ?s ismed:hasDateTime ?o .




         Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a
                o                  o          n    A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
Motivation
                                    Basic API     queryMultiple
                          Proposed middleware     Services
                                        Demo      Embedded platform
                              Experimentation     Mobile platform
                                  Conclusions


Why is a new service approach necessary?




        Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a
               o                  o          n    A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
Motivation
                                       Basic API     queryMultiple
                             Proposed middleware     Services
                                           Demo      Embedded platform
                                 Experimentation     Mobile platform
                                     Conclusions


Security




           Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a
                  o                  o          n    A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
Motivation
                                   Basic API     queryMultiple
                         Proposed middleware     Services
                                       Demo      Embedded platform
                             Experimentation     Mobile platform
                                 Conclusions


Concurrency




       Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a
              o                  o          n    A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
Motivation
                                    Basic API     queryMultiple
                          Proposed middleware     Services
                                        Demo      Embedded platform
                              Experimentation     Mobile platform
                                  Conclusions


Location of the information




        Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a
               o                  o          n    A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
Motivation
                                       Basic API     queryMultiple
                             Proposed middleware     Services
                                           Demo      Embedded platform
                                 Experimentation     Mobile platform
                                     Conclusions


Register




           Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a
                  o                  o          n    A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
Motivation
                                    Basic API     queryMultiple
                          Proposed middleware     Services
                                        Demo      Embedded platform
                              Experimentation     Mobile platform
                                  Conclusions


Invocation (from the service consumer point of view)




        Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a
               o                  o          n    A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
Motivation
                                    Basic API     queryMultiple
                          Proposed middleware     Services
                                        Demo      Embedded platform
                              Experimentation     Mobile platform
                                  Conclusions


Invocation (from the service provider point of view)




        Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a
               o                  o          n    A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
Motivation
                                    Basic API     queryMultiple
                          Proposed middleware     Services
                                        Demo      Embedded platform
                              Experimentation     Mobile platform
                                  Conclusions


Embedded platform: SunSPOT

     Squawk Virtual Machine
     Basestation
     RESTful API for tsc++: Jetty + Jersey




        Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a
               o                  o          n    A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
Motivation
                                    Basic API     queryMultiple
                          Proposed middleware     Services
                                        Demo      Embedded platform
                              Experimentation     Mobile platform
                                  Conclusions


Mobile platform: tscME

     Communication: Jxme
     Data store: RecordStore/Memory
     Semantic mngmnt: Microjena




        Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a
               o                  o          n    A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
Motivation
                                       Basic API
                             Proposed middleware
                                           Demo
                                 Experimentation
                                     Conclusions


Scenario




           Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a
                  o                  o          n    A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
Motivation
                                    Basic API
                          Proposed middleware
                                        Demo
                              Experimentation
                                  Conclusions


Experimentation

    Kernels             1                         10                           20
    Spaces 1            5        10        1       5      10         1          5         10
    read    0.2        0.2       0.3      3.5     3.0     3.0       10         10        9.8
    take    0.2        0.2       0.3      3.4     2.9     2.6      10.3       9.9        11.1
    query 0.4          0.3       0.2      7.0     3.7     3.3      24.8       11.9       10.6
        Table: TscME networking evaluation results (in seconds)


     ↑ responses: ↑ processing time
          perform specific queries
     ↑ graphs: ↑ processing time
          distribute graphs over different spaces
        Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a
               o                  o          n    A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
Motivation
                                    Basic API
                          Proposed middleware
                                        Demo
                              Experimentation
                                  Conclusions


Conclusions



     TS appropriate to share knowledge between heterogeneous
     devices
     tsc++ is not appropriate for mobile devices: tscME
     Primitives are powerful but awkward
     Performance dependent on the implementation
     Not only between them, also exporting data to Internet




        Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a
               o                  o          n    A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT

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A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for Internet of Things

  • 1. Motivation Basic API Proposed middleware Demo Experimentation Conclusions A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT Aitor G´mez-Goiri1 o Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a2 o n DeustoTech, Deusto Institute of Technology http://www.morelab.deusto.es July 6, 2010 Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a o o n A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
  • 2. Motivation Basic API Proposed middleware Demo Experimentation Conclusions Presentation 1 Motivation 2 Basic API 3 Proposed middleware queryMultiple Services Embedded platform Mobile platform 4 Demo 5 Experimentation 6 Conclusions Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a o o n A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
  • 3. Motivation Basic API Proposed middleware Demo Experimentation Conclusions Motivation Self-configuring wireless network of devices whose purpose would be to interconnect all things Smart environments usually consist of a central device which has reason capacity and coordinates other devices Requires human intervention every time a new device is deployed Our aim is try to simplify the collaboration between devices providing certain intelligence on them without centralized coordinator Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a o o n A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
  • 4. Motivation Basic API Proposed middleware Demo Experimentation Conclusions Some alternatives... UPnP. Autoconfigure networks, devices share capabilities, events... DLNA. To share media content. Drawbacks: Multiple APIs and protocols from different vendors Semantic: Share knowledge instead of data. Without predefined language. Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a o o n A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
  • 5. Motivation Basic API Proposed middleware Demo Experimentation Conclusions Triple Space Tuplespace: read and write data structures in a shared space TripleSpace: read and write triples of semantic data Reference autonomy Time autonomy Space autonomy tsc++ Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a o o n A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
  • 6. Motivation Basic API Proposed middleware Demo Experimentation Conclusions Distributed approach Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a o o n A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
  • 7. Motivation Basic API Proposed middleware Demo Experimentation Conclusions How is it distributed? Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a o o n A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
  • 8. Motivation Basic API Proposed middleware Demo Experimentation Conclusions Write Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a o o n A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
  • 9. Motivation Basic API Proposed middleware Demo Experimentation Conclusions Query Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a o o n A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
  • 10. Motivation Basic API Proposed middleware Demo Experimentation Conclusions Read Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a o o n A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
  • 11. Motivation Basic API Proposed middleware Demo Experimentation Conclusions Take Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a o o n A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
  • 12. Motivation Basic API Proposed middleware Demo Experimentation Conclusions Subscribe and advertise Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a o o n A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
  • 13. Motivation Basic API queryMultiple Proposed middleware Services Demo Embedded platform Experimentation Mobile platform Conclusions Proposed middleware tsc++ has been modified to provide another 3 primitives queryMultiple register invoke tscME developed communication between tsc++ peers and tscME peers gateway for other embedded devices Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a o o n A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
  • 14. Motivation Basic API queryMultiple Proposed middleware Services Demo Embedded platform Experimentation Mobile platform Conclusions Boundaries Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a o o n A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
  • 15. Motivation Basic API queryMultiple Proposed middleware Services Demo Embedded platform Experimentation Mobile platform Conclusions Query vs. QueryMultiple template: ?s ?p ?o . n templates which are extracted from a SPARQL query Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a o o n A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
  • 16. Motivation Basic API queryMultiple Proposed middleware Services Demo Embedded platform Experimentation Mobile platform Conclusions Input query CONSTRUCT { ?measure ismed:hasValue ?value . } WHERE { ?measure rdf:type ismed:LightMeasure . ?measure ismed:hasValue ?value . ?measure ismed:hasDateTime ?datetime . OPTIONAL { ?measure2 rdf:type ismed:LightMeasure . ?measure2 ismed:hasDateTime ?datetime2 . FILTER(?datetime2 > ?datetime) . } FILTER( !bound(?datetime2) ) } Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a o o n A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
  • 17. Motivation Basic API queryMultiple Proposed middleware Services Demo Embedded platform Experimentation Mobile platform Conclusions Templates after processing the query ?s rdf:type ismed:LightMeasure . ?s ismed:hasValue ?o . ?s ismed:hasDateTime ?o . Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a o o n A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
  • 18. Motivation Basic API queryMultiple Proposed middleware Services Demo Embedded platform Experimentation Mobile platform Conclusions Why is a new service approach necessary? Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a o o n A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
  • 19. Motivation Basic API queryMultiple Proposed middleware Services Demo Embedded platform Experimentation Mobile platform Conclusions Security Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a o o n A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
  • 20. Motivation Basic API queryMultiple Proposed middleware Services Demo Embedded platform Experimentation Mobile platform Conclusions Concurrency Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a o o n A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
  • 21. Motivation Basic API queryMultiple Proposed middleware Services Demo Embedded platform Experimentation Mobile platform Conclusions Location of the information Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a o o n A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
  • 22. Motivation Basic API queryMultiple Proposed middleware Services Demo Embedded platform Experimentation Mobile platform Conclusions Register Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a o o n A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
  • 23. Motivation Basic API queryMultiple Proposed middleware Services Demo Embedded platform Experimentation Mobile platform Conclusions Invocation (from the service consumer point of view) Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a o o n A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
  • 24. Motivation Basic API queryMultiple Proposed middleware Services Demo Embedded platform Experimentation Mobile platform Conclusions Invocation (from the service provider point of view) Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a o o n A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
  • 25. Motivation Basic API queryMultiple Proposed middleware Services Demo Embedded platform Experimentation Mobile platform Conclusions Embedded platform: SunSPOT Squawk Virtual Machine Basestation RESTful API for tsc++: Jetty + Jersey Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a o o n A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
  • 26. Motivation Basic API queryMultiple Proposed middleware Services Demo Embedded platform Experimentation Mobile platform Conclusions Mobile platform: tscME Communication: Jxme Data store: RecordStore/Memory Semantic mngmnt: Microjena Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a o o n A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
  • 27. Motivation Basic API Proposed middleware Demo Experimentation Conclusions Scenario Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a o o n A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
  • 28. Motivation Basic API Proposed middleware Demo Experimentation Conclusions Experimentation Kernels 1 10 20 Spaces 1 5 10 1 5 10 1 5 10 read 0.2 0.2 0.3 3.5 3.0 3.0 10 10 9.8 take 0.2 0.2 0.3 3.4 2.9 2.6 10.3 9.9 11.1 query 0.4 0.3 0.2 7.0 3.7 3.3 24.8 11.9 10.6 Table: TscME networking evaluation results (in seconds) ↑ responses: ↑ processing time perform specific queries ↑ graphs: ↑ processing time distribute graphs over different spaces Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a o o n A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT
  • 29. Motivation Basic API Proposed middleware Demo Experimentation Conclusions Conclusions TS appropriate to share knowledge between heterogeneous devices tsc++ is not appropriate for mobile devices: tscME Primitives are powerful but awkward Performance dependent on the implementation Not only between them, also exporting data to Internet Aitor G´mez-Goiri, Diego L´pez-de-Ipi˜a o o n A Triple Space-Based Semantic Distributed Middleware for IoT