The development of mobile wireless devices provide great potential to support work processes of field employees and has an enormous impact on the development of other strategic applications for businesses. This presentation will investigate how both the mobile worker and stationary offices can benefit from using wireless applications to increase effectiveness and efficiency of the overall organization. Simultaneously contemporary conceptual frameworks will be presented

1. INCREASING
EFFECTIVENESS EFFICIENCY &
MOBILITY
OF
FIELD EMPLOYEES
WITH
WIRELESS APPLICATIONS

2. 1. INTRODUCTION
The development of mobile wireless devices provide great potential to support work processes of field employees and has
an enormous impact on the development of other strategic applications for businesses. This presentation will investigate
how both the mobile worker and stationary offices can benefit
from using wireless applications to increase effectiveness and
efficiency of the overall organization. Simultaneously contemporary conceptual frameworks will be presented.

3. 2. THE MOBILE ENVIRONMENT
Mobile applications have a huge impact on organization. According to a 2010 survey by Forrester Research, 75 percent of
companies state that the worker productivity has increased by
the deployment of mobile applications. This significant percentage comes from increased responsiveness and speed of
decision-making, faster customer responses, resolving internal IT issues, and finally improving customer satisfaction. By
extending the business data and applications to mobile devices, the value of the organization assets increase through realtime access, always on and always connected, fewer delays
and faster execution [Sybase 2011: 28]

4. 3. VERTICAL VS. HORIZONTAL APPLICATIONS
Vertical applications could be designed for Customer Relationship Management, as they include both employee and customer needs. Employees want real-time access to customer data,
and customers demand responsiveness and high quality support.
The horizontal applications focus on business processes and
often decrease administration costs. However, this requires
application frameworks that connect with systems such as
procurement management, expense management, and human
resources.

5. BlackBerry PlayBook
28%
webOS tablet
16%
webOS Phone (pre)
13%
4. CURRENT TRENDS IN ENTERPRISE APPS
Symbian
12%
Kindle
MeeGo
9%
6%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50% 60%
70%
80%
90% 100%
Mobile Ecosystem Interest - Jan 2011
Mobile Ecosystem Interest - Nov 2011
Base: 1,971 responses
Base: 1,798 responses
Very Interested In Developing For Each Platform
Very Interested In Developing For Each Platform
iPhone (iOS)
92%
iPhone (iOS)
Android Phone
87%
iPad (iOS)
iPad (iOS)
87%
91%
Android Phone
Android tablet
MeeGo
webOS Phone
9%
MeeGo
6%
0%
10%
9%
Symbian
12%
Kindle
13%
HP TouchPad
13%
Symbian
21%
BlackBerry PlayBook
16%
webOS Phone (pre)
38%
BlackBerry Phone
28%
webOS tablet
66%
Windows Phone 7
36%
BlackBerry PlayBook
68%
HTML5 Mobile Web
38%
Windows Phone 7
83%
Android Tablet
74%
BlackBerry Phone
88%
20%
30%
40%
50% 60%
70%
80%
90% 100%
7%
6%
5%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50% 60%
70%
80%
90% 100%
Source: Mobile Ecosystem - Source: Appcelerator / IDC – 11/2011
Mobile Ecosystem Interest - Nov 2011
The iOS and Android platforms are by far the most interesting for companies. As this corresponds to the current smartphone sales to end
Very Interested In Developing For Each Platform
users, where iOS (18%) and Android (43%) have a combined market share of 61% . The main reason for the popularity of Android is the
Base: 1,798 responses
iPhone (iOS)
iPad (iOS)
Android Phone
Android Tablet
HTML5 Mobile Web
91%
vast supply of devices that use them as an operating system. There are nearly 47 million devices running 8 different Android operating
88%
systems and therein lies a problem. The Android versions installed on the phones differ significantly from device to device. This makes it
83%
difficult to deploy applications to all devices without code, making it an expensive operation. Google’s “continuous beta” philosophy falls
68%
short when compared with Apple and iOS, which is more secure, stable, and manageable. Also, it is notable that Windows Phone 7 is on
66%
Windows Phone 7
the rise. Many industry experts agree that interoperability and connectivity with the existing Windows platform, is a huge advantage for
38%
BlackBerry Phone
21%
both individual end users and organizations, thus explaining the growth rate of the platform
BlackBerry PlayBook
13%

6. 5. KEY BENEFITS OF MOBILE APPLICATIONS
In Q3 of 2011, Good technologies reported
What Benefit Has Your Firm Experienced
as a Result of Deploying Mobile Applications?
that iPads accounted for over 28% of device
Base: 2,247 network and telecom decision-makers
activations in the enterprise – and predic-
Increased worker productivity
tions for 2012 mirror this trend. According
Increased employee responsiveness and
decision-making speed
Resolved customer issues faster
48%
to Gartner, there will be sold around 63,6
Resolved internal IT issues faster
48%
million tablets sold on global tablet mar-
Reduced sales cycle time
16%
Reduced personnel costs
16%
ket, and they predict that this number will
increase to 326,3 million devices in 2015.
Apples market share for 2011 is expected
to land around 73,4% and decrease to 50%
in 2014
75%
65%
Improved customer satisfaction
42%
Reduced fuel, gas or fleet
maintenance costs
Competitive differentiation
14%
Increased sales revenues
14%
15%
Improved brand perception
Reduced inventory costs
10%
6%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50% 60%
70%
80
Source: Forrester, Enterprise and SMB Networks and Telecommunications Survey,
North America and Europe, Q1 2010

7. 5. KEY BENEFITS OF MOBILE APPLICATIONS
By utilizing mobile applications, the enterprise can:
1. Maximize the value of existing investments by extending
business software to mobile users
2. Increase productivity by empowering employees to work
where, when, and how they want
3. Minimize risk with a secure mobile technology architecture
4. Improve customer satisfaction through higher availability
and greater responsiveness

8. 6. ENTERPRISE MOBILITY MANAGEMENT
» Enterprise mobility management (EMM) is the set of people, processes and technology focused on managing the increasing array
of mobile devices, wireless networks, and related services to enable broad use of mobile computing in a business context «
It is challenging to reconfigure, update, or install software on
mobile devices without some kind of mobile management
platform that can (1) Distribute software, (2) Distribute content and information, (3) Track assets, hardware, and software
inventory, and (4) Backup or delete data

9. 7. MANAGED MOBILITY SAS
SOFTWARE AS A SERVICE
Managed mobility software as a service is more efficient,
cost-effective, and potentially shortens the implementation
cycle. Tools such as Mobile Enterprise Application Platforms
(MEAPs) enable a unified platform for developing and managing applications within the organization. Thus helping relieve
the administration workload by automating processes and
centralizing device management [Sybase 2011: 30]

10. 8. RULE OF THREE
Gartner has a “rule of three” that states that a MEAP offers significant advantages
in three situations:
•
When there are 3 or more mobile applications
•
When there are 3 or more targeted operating systems or platforms
•
When they involve the integration of 3 or more back-end systems
These three rules come in handy when an enterprise decides to develop enterprise
applications. The most significant factor of MEAP is to avoid point to point connections, where devices are connected to a back-end system. Changes made in the
back-end, increase the workload, as it requires knowledge of which devices that are
connected to the system. Hence it becomes difficult to maintain and develop the
system and total cost of development (TCD) increases

11. » By enabling mobile access to corporate information systems
anytime, anywhere for a wide array of end users , businesses can
typically experience a lower total cost of ownership (TCO) and
higher return on investment (ROI). According to a 2010 study by
the University of Texas at Austin, if a Fortune 1000 business increases the usability of its data by just 10 percent, it can realize a
$2.01 billion annual revenue increase «
Source: University of Texas, Austin 2010

12. 9. THE MOBILE ENTERPRISE MODEL
The Mobile Enterprise Model (MEM), developed by Stuart J.
Barnes , is a conceptual framework for understanding the development of enterprise mobility in organizations by looking at
dimensions and stages of mobile enterprise.
MARKET
MARKET
Mobile service creation
Mobile service value
Information
Transformation
PROCESS
Mobile service value
Mobile channel access
Automation
Mobile service creation
Mobile channel access
Automation
Transient
Information
Mobile
Remote
MOBILITY
Transformation
PROCESS
Transient
Mobile
Remote
MOBILITY

13. Mobile channel access
Automation
9. MOBILITY
Information
Transformation
PROCESS
Transient
Mobile
Remote
MOBILITY
The mobility dimension describes the geographical independence of enterprise workers, which is enabled by the mobile solution. Barnes uses three levels to determine the degree of mobility in an organization. The first level; transient, refers to the
support of field workers when they move from one location to
another. The second level; mobile refers to field workers having
a prolonged geographical independence from the enterprise.
Finally, the third and highest level; remote refers to field workers that are completely detached from the corporate head office, thus having a high degree of geographical independence

14. Mobile channel access
9. PROCESS
Automation
Information
Transformation
PROCESS
Transient
Mobile
Remote
MOBILITY
The process dimension describes the change in work configuration and processes. The first level; automation refers to the
efficiency gains from mobile data that is transferred to existing processes. The second level information, determines the
degree of effectiveness and knowledge gained from mobile
solutions. Lastly, transformation, refers to changes in organization processes inflicted by the mobile solution, which may
change work and job roles in the organization

15. MARKET
9. MARKET
Mobile service creation
Mobile service value
Mobile channel access
The market dimension describes the value proposition in the
market and refers to changes in products, services, and relationships with customers. The first level; mobile channel acPROCESS
MOBILITY
cess, refers to mobile access to corporate information such as
email, calendar, and common services. The second level; mobile service value, determines the value that mobile solutions
bring to the value proposition, which is enhanced by enterprise
mobility. The final and third level; mobile service creation, refers to mobile solutions that create completely new service ofAutomation
Information
Transformation
Transient
Mobile
Remote
ferings and value propositions to the market

16. 9. PHASES
Phase 1: Mobile employee linkage, underlines entry-level enterprise offerings that
focus on establishing the appropriate wireless infrastructure for employees. This
allows the employee to connect to corporate data and support.
Phase 2: Mobile employee management; This phase focuses on empowering the
work patterns of the employees by making corporate knowledge available on the
mobile device. The phase increases the possibility of effectiveness of the field
workers and assists them in obtaining a high degree of efficiency.
Phase 3: Mobile enterprise creation, describes field workers being geographically
separated from the enterprise. Work processes are completely supported by mobile
devices and the enterprise offers new products and services to employees.

17. 10. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
When Barnes developed the framework there was a lack of literature, surveys, and scientific proof about enterprise mobility. He states that the framework » gives some early directions
for examining the conceptual idea of enterprise mobility, but not a
fully formed theoretical offering «. In this respect a more recent
conceptual framework from 2007 by Wuping Zheng and Yufei
Yuan can provide guidelines for the development of effective
mobile work support systems to compliment the Mobility Enterprise Model.

18. 10. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Mobile task
Accomplish
Utilize
Mobile technologies
Mobile work
support
Mobile context
Within
Used by
Mobile workers
The concept of mobile work refers to mobile workers performing mobile tasks in a mobile context by means of mobile technological support. The framework consists of four aspects:
mobile workers, mobile tasks, mobile context and mobile technology that address the questions of Who, What, Where, When
and How, respectively [W. Zheng and Y. Yuan2007:110]

19. 10. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Table
1
Dimensions
of
the
mobile
work
framework
Dimension
1.
Worker
(Who)
2.
Task
(What)
3.
Context
(Where
and
When)
4.
Technology
(How)
Questions
to
address
Characteristics
workers
perform
dependency,
multitask
Who
are
the
mobile
workers?
What
tasks
the
mobile
What
environment
in
which
the
tasks
are
performed
by
mobile
workers
What
information
technologies
are
available
to
support
mobile
work?
Source: W. Zheng and Y. Yuan, 2007
Mobility
and
job
category
Location/Time
handling
Workplace
and
temporal
structure
Mobile
devices,
mobile
communication
infrastructure
and
applications

20. 11. CONCLUSION
» Often, the mobile solution does not fit the long-term business
or IT goals and the focus of the solution is often too narrow. This
is because in the past mobility has been tactically geared around
a specific task, problem or process and essentially deployed in a
silo within the company «
Source: Nicholas McQuire, research director for the EMEA Enterprise Mobility, IDC
» Businesses should evaluate tablet applications based on functionality and business process integration, user factors, system
integration, management and security, application architecture
and vendor viability «
Source: David Willis, Vice president for Gartner