Towards Global Mobility

Eurescom Summit 2002 – Tutorial A:

Towards Global Mobility

Josef Noll
Telenor, Norway
R&D Fellow – Wireless Mobility
josef.noll@telenor.com

Outline
Trends in Services and User interaction
– ”Exactly what I want, when I want it”
– Youngster: Developing services for young customers
– Need for personalised service, profile and context dependent
Wireless Access: the dilemma of radio capacity
– Radio capacity and coverage
– Trends and technologies in radio transmission
WLAN and GSM/UMTS evolutions
– Telecom evolution, from 1G to 4G
– UMTS, basics, applications and network planning
– From WLAN to Cellular Internet
Global and Seamless Mobility
– Mobility handling: Mobile IP, GSM/UMTS
– Seamless Mobility: Personalised access
Beyond 3G: “The Era of Personalisation”
– B3G: Wireless and Mobile Broadband Access
– Key items

18.10.2002 Josef Noll Towards global mobility

From 1G to 4G
4G ?

quot;4Gquot;-specification
(2001 ?)

1991: UMTS-
3G: 2002: UMTS roll-out
specifications

1982: GSM-
2G: 1990: GSM roll-out
specifications

1969: NMT-
1G: 1981: NMT roll-out
specifications

1970 1980 1990 2010
2000


Service development
Personlised broadband
B3G:
wireless services

3G: Multimedia communication

Mobile telephony, SMS, FAX,
2G:
Data

1G:
Mobile telephony

1970 1980 1990 2010
2000


Trends: My services
• Always online

• My services are:
– Location based
Traveling: next petrol station
– Context aware
Art exhibition: additional information

• Examples:
– Daily news when I want, not at 19:00h
– No football in the news!
– Video on my mobile phone


Trends: My Preferences
Interactive game with a computer or
G
another person
G Video on your mobile phone

Electronic contact
λ
Japan: Transmit character
information and preferences
while walking around. If you
meet somebody with similar
wishes your ‘toy’ starts
ringing.


IST-Youngster, Context & Community


My Community: Locating
People Application
Allows one to determine and display the positions of one or
G
more Youngster users either at a certain point in time or
repeatedly.
User permission and accuracy level
G

Example usages:
G
– Tom's girlfriend wants to see
where Paul currently is.

http://www.ist-youngster.org/

Context-Aware Reminders

Information displayed in certain situations.
G

Set up by the receiver, by another person, or by an
G
application (e.g. the intelligent assistant)
Examples of context-aware reminders are:
G
– Appointments, shopping lists, notifications
Reminder Templates
FriendAlert
Alerts you when some
members of a
community are near-by

Ok Back

Have a look:
http://www.ist-youngster.org/

Future Scenario:
Personalised & Mobile Application
Personalised & Mobile
Application Applications

User
preferences

Access network
capabilities


Personal preferences:
Pricing for music download
Song duration 200 sec
High Good Fair
Quality
96 64 48
Bit rate (kbit/s)

70 46 35
T-Mobile Basic (Euro)
7,2 4,8 3,6
T-Mobile Pro (Euro)
0,72 0,48 0,36
Desired price (Euro)

source: Eurescom P1105 MobilUS

Example: Next flight home

Today: Future:
Have to select terminal The system suggest an
G G
alternative booking:
Have to select service: WAP,
G
”You will reach the 13:05
WEB
flight, should I book you on
Have to find the way to ”my
G
that one?”
YES NO
bookings”

Location service, towards the
G
airport
Access capabilities: WAP,
G
WEB, SMS
Personal preferences: fast
G
home


Trend: Smaller terminals
Information overload
Service for “everybody”
Person-to-Person communication

WEB page Reduced WEB MMS message
page

Trend: Devices for Applications
WAP Smartphone, Palmheld, Handhel Laptop
Service
phone Communicat Palm, d, Psion
usability
or iPAQ

Excellent
Excellent Too big
Messaging: Good Excellent
and heavy
SMS

Excellent
Messaging: Poor Good Good Excellent
Email

Average
Messaging: Poor Poor Poor + Excellent
Email with
attachments

Web surfing N/A Poor Poor Poor Excellent

FTP N/A N/A Poor Poor Good

VoIP N/A N/A Poor Poor Good

Trend: Optimum access for each device
Bluetooth
UMTS 802.11
access
terminals access Hiperlan
access

Optical Distribution network
Distribution
Antenna


Open communication between devices
Plain-old phone
More devices
G Short-range
G
- processor communicati
- communications ons,
- Bluetooth,
Laptop as
Cordless phone
SIP/H323
- WLAN,
terminal
- Hiperlan
Mobile phone
Seamless
G
connectivity
PDA
PC as SIP/H323
Laptop terminal
User Workstation

Camcorder

Microphone
Personal
Area Interactive TV
Network

Printer

The PAN (Personal Area Network) era has begun!
18.10.2002 Josef Noll
Towards global mobility

Personal Area Network (PAN)
Home AN Public Network
Interconnectivity
Between your devices
To your neighbour
Create spontaneous networks

Create your ”personal sphere”
Access everywhere
Access from all devices


Trend: Seamless Connectivity
Access and Distribution
LMDS or Fibre, Considerations:
AN: 802.11a, H/2
802.11a - EDGE
Bluetooth, UMTS TDD
Hiperlan/2 2.5 G fill-inn
Bluetooth
- GSM on the net:
licensings
Private Area Netw.
Global Celluar: License free bands
DVB (DAB)
DECT
UMTS (FDD, GPRS, GSM) missing interworking

DAB, DVB
broadcast, not access
802.11a,b
Hiperlan/2
Bluetooth


Radio principles

Noise & Interference (e.g.
multi-path) cause
 P − Delay constraint, Delay jitter,

C = W log2 1+
 NW
Bit error rate

  − Bandwidth / throughput
0
− Availability, Reliability,
Claude E. Shannon (1916-2001)
Precedence (priority) and
service interruptions
C = Capacity [kbit/s]
•

Limited cell capacity, e.g.
P = Signal Power
•

UMTS 700 kbit/s – 1 Mbit/s
W = Bandwidth
•

N0 = Noise
•


The fading radio channel – link adaptation
10

0

Signal fade / dB
-10

-20
Buildings

-30 Rician (k= 10 dB)
Rayleigh

-40
0 1 2 3 4 5
Relative position to reference / m

Fast fading is a result of multipath propagation
G

G Fast fading is alleviated through the use of Fast
transmission power control
– Tracks the envelope variations (80 dB on uplink) to ”flatten” the
instantaneous received power.
source: Anders Spilling, Telenor

Adaptive modulation example
EbNo variasjone med tid
9
16QAM 1011 1001 0001 0011
8

0.9487
7
EbNo / dB

6 1010 1000 0000 0010

0.3162
5
0.3162 0.9487
4
1110 1100 0100 0110
3
QPSK
2
1 1111 1101 0101 0111
0
0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3
tid / s

As the desired signal to noise and interference ratio
G
increases – can move from QPSK to 16QAM
– From 2 bits per symbol to 4 bits per symbol


Dilemma of current Internet
protocols: TCP over IP throughput
Physical
layer TCP %
bitrate throughput achieved
2 Mb/s 0.98 Mbit/s 49
IEEE 802.11
11 Mb/s 4.3 Mbit/s 39.1
IEEE 802.11b
TCP recovers slowly after
o
Assume radio errors, 2.3 %
o
each loss
FER for 1400-bytes frames
Wireless loss = congestion
o
TCP throughput from
o
Required: ”Mobility hints
o
[Xylomenos2001]
for advanced TCP”


Range and capacity
Rmax = log2 (1 + SNR)
Unlimited
Rate vs. Distance (M=N=1)
bandwidth
9
10
systems
Real systems
SNR = 0dBwith limited
10dB 20dB 30dB 40dB
bandwidth
8
10
Max Bit Rate

10 7

10 6
100 1.000 10.000
with SNR=10 Distance Rmax [m]
Range 1100 m for 10 Mbit/s

Trends in Radio Transmission
Hybrid Fibre Radio, Software Radio
Evolution in Smart Antennas
– from SISO to MIMO
– from sector antennas to adaptive access

Adaptive Access
Advances in access schemes, channel and modulation
coding
– example: OFDM, …
– example: MDMA (multi-dimensional multiple access)


Software Radio & Hybrid Fibre
SW-radio basestation:
- Centralised installation
- Multiple access technologies
- Bluetooth, WLAN, DECT, GSM, UMTS access


The Wireless Channel
Historically: Multipath
•
propagation is a problem
(fading)
Solution: Spatial diversity with
•
two antennas or an antenna
group
3G systems: Expectations for
•
base station antenna arrays

Recent advances for 3G and beyond:
- Multipath propagation can be exploited
- Establish multiple parallel channels, simultaneously, same
frequency, same transmitted power
- Using antenna arrays at both transmitter and receiver

Modified from: Reinaldo Valenzuela, Lucent Technology

Smart Antennas for UMTS


Lifting the Limits withMIMO Arrays
Dual
The Road to BLAST
SISO
multiple input, multiple output
single input single output

 S
C = log 2 1 + 
s1
Tx1 Rx1
 N
s2
Tx2 Rx2

 S
...

...
C ≈ M log 2 1 + 
 N
sM
TxM RxM
number of antennas in the smaller of the
transmit and receive arrays

SIMO, (MISO)
single input, multiple output (…) source: Reinaldo Valenzuela, Lucent Technology


Multiple Antenna Terminals...
MIMO
Many elements an be integrated on a lap top or palm device

source: Reinaldo Valenzuela, Lucent Technology


Theoretical Performance
BLAST: Concept & Theoretical Performance

1000

Single-User Bound
Single-User Bound

...
B=5 MHz
B=5 MHz
(Data rate achieved 16
PTT=10W
P =10 W
with 90% probability) 8
Data Rate (Mbps)

100

BLAST with 1,4,8,16
4
sector antennas at base
Same number of omnidirectional
antennas at terminal
1

10
Transmit Diversity with
1,4,8 sector antennas at base
Single omnidirectional antenna
at terminal

1
1 10
0.1 1 10
Range (km)
Range (km)
source: Reinaldo Valenzuela, Lucent Technology


Moore’s law in ‘air interface capacity’
Number of transistors
Transmission rate

on
1,00E+06 1,00E+07

ati
cre
1,00E+05
ors
st

n
si 1,00E+06

tio
1,00E+04 n
tra
a
of
orm
r
1,00E+03
be
eed
um
1,00E+05
Inf

sp
N
1,00E+02
dem
o
M
1,00E+01
1,00E+04
1,00E+00
y
Air interface capacit
1,00E-01 1,00E+03
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Year
⇒ Air interface capacity is the most valuable resource

Conclusion for network
development
Applications and hardware requirements grow faster than
modem capabilities
UMTS is developed for ”mobility” (v <= 250 km/h), thus
sub-optimal for high-bandwidth applications
Expected limitations: max network capacity 1 Mbit/s in an
UMTS network
Trends visible today: Data access (HSCD) mainly from
fixed positions (no mobility)

Optimum access mode required for each user
scenario


UMTS
- basics, GSM evolution
- applications testing and
- network design


GSM evolution
1990: GSM (9.6 kbit/s) Q4.2001: EDGE (115 - 384 kbit/s)
•
• Q4.2001: UMTS (64/144 kbit/s - 2 Mbit/s)
Q3.99: HSCSD (14.4 - 28/43 - 64
kbit/s)
Q1.2001: GPRS (20/30 - 115 kbit/s)

HLR
MAP
A ISUP
ISUP
MSC G-MSC N-ISDN
GSM
GSM BSS IP
IP
Gb
SGSN GGSN IP networks
GPRS
Access network X.25
Core Network X.25


UMTS phase 2 (release 4, 5)
Alternative solutions for
GSM/GPRS GSM/GPRS based - access
access network core network - transport
- mobility management
UMTS Terrestrial
Radio Access Network
ISDN
S-UMTS Satellite
Other core networks IP-network
• IP
• ATM
BRAN: Hiperlan, -access, X.25
• Hybrid IP/ATM
-link

Other access networks Phase 1 = Rel.99
fixed or wireless
Later phases, Rel.4,
Rel.5 All-IP,
source: Knut Erik Walter, Telenor MobileIPv6?
Rel. 6 with


UMTS application testing

Subjective testing of
G Potential tests:
applications in a simulated • Audio retrieval
radio environment • MPEG-4 video download
• IP-based: Web, ftp
Error pattern creation for
G
=> Protected channel for high
scenarios
quality music


UMTS system behaviour

GSM: Interference limited

UMTS: Noise limited
G each call increases
noise level
G Capacity vs. Quality

G ”soft” capacity,
increase capacity by
reducing quality

• Varying traffic varying cell size
• Cell breathing (up to 50 %)


System level simulations

• System level simulation:
– Base station, mobile user equipment
Cell radius decrease depending
G
– Propagation model, data mix
on
– Simulator manager
– QoS of application
– location
– load of network
– traffic mix
(voice + data)


System level simulation results

Coverage area
G

Areas with coverage from
G
two or more cells:
Macrodiversity Areas

Difficult verification of simulated
results
=> P921 has specified several
scenarios and simulation
guidelines


Network planning guidelines

Link budget using Results for urban environment, cell
G
ranges for GSM1800 and UMTS
G uplink path loss
services
G downlink power level at cell
border
G downlink EIRP/traffic
channel
G downlink Power/traffic
channel
G downlink path loss
evaluation


Cell Ranges for UMTS

UMTS cell radio compares to Voice: UMTS performs better
G G
GSM1800 system than GSM 1800
Calculation done for 70% Data: lower coverage of UMTS
G G
network load (GSM coverage compared to GSM 1800
does not depend on load)


GSM 1800 (UMTS coverage)

Tx power: 25 dBm Tx power: 35 dBm

Tx ↑ 10 dB Range ↑ 1.8…2
source: Helge Dommarsnes, Telenor Mobil

Challenges in network design
Macrodiversity Hierarchical Cell Structures
G G

Soft Handover 3-sector versus 6-sector
G G
sites


UMTS evolution: HSDPA principles

Exploit the High-Speed Downlink Shared channels (HS-DSCH) to
G
gain peak information rate of 10 Mbps
Downlink Dedicated Physical Channel (DPCH) – peak information
G
rate of 2.3 Mpbs (spreading factor 4, 3 parallel codes)


HSDPA Data Rates (Peak)
Chip Rate = 3.84 Mcps
Frame Size = 3 slots
Modulation 10 codes Turbo coding rate
Info Rate Info bits per
(Mbps) frame
64QAM 10.8000 21600 3/4
16QAM 7.2000 14400 3/4
16QAM 4.8000 9600 1/2
QPSK 2.4000 4800 1/2
QPSK 1.2000 2400 1/4

Modulation method QPSK, 16QAM and potentially also 64 QAM
G
– Currently 64 QAM not in Release 5
– 10.8 Mbps achievable with 15 codes and 16QAM.
Coding rates 1/4-3/4 (Rel'99 Turbo Encoder + rate matching)
G
Spreading factor 16 used in above table
G


Mobile Internet Developments


The Internet goes mobile
1996: MobileIP
1999: Cellular Internet
Mobile/Cellular Internet
1999: first commercial W-LAN
networks
2000: Intranet WLAN access
Telenor R&D
WLAN, I-cell
2001: diffserv, IPv6, …
2002: IPv4 IPv6 migration high populated areas
(inhouse, campus, metropolitan)
High speed developments
low populated areas
IEEE 802.11a, Hiperlan/2
(metropolitan, regional)

source: G. Grolms, Telenor R&D


Mobile Internet roll-out
Telenor
– hot-spot, 52 hotels
– “Wireless Zone” for business users
T-Mobile
– Starbuck coffee shop (USA, Berlin, London)
– 250 hot-spots
NTT
– 200 (+ 800) hot-spots in Tokyo
BT, TeliaSonera, ….
– home-run 450 spots (SE), SAS airports
– wGate with roaming to GSM (FI)
– 4000 spots (UK - planned)

802.11b: 2-11Mbit/s
802.11a:
chipset for 54 Mbit/s
Hiperlan/2 unplug in 2002,
competes with 802.11a
source: Breezecom.com

Abbreviation in LAN systems

Frequency Hopping Spread Dynamic Frequency selection
G G
Spectrum (FHSS) (DFS):
802.11, Bluetooth: jump shift if interference
between 79 channels Transmit power control (TPC):
G
Direct Sequence Spread Link power adaptation
G
Spectrum (DSSS) QoS support:
G
802.11b: Divides bandwidth Priority for real-time
into 13 channels (3 non- applications
overlapping)
Orthogonal Frequency
G
Division Multiplexing (OFDM):
High bitrate modulation,
needs good S/N ratio


PAN/LAN characteristics
ISM band 2.4 – 2.485 GHz License exempt band
802.11: DSSS or FHSS, 2 Mbit/s 5 GHz (5,15-5,35 5,47-5,725)
G G

802.11b (WiFi): DSSS, 3 802.11a: OFDM, max 54 Mbit/s
G G
channels (26 MHz), 11, 5, 2 (not Europe)
Mbit/s Europe (ERC 1999):
G
802.11g: OFDM up to 22 Mbit/s - DFS and TPC required
G

Bluetooth: 1 MHz channels Hiperlan/2: OFDM, QoS max 54
G G
FHSS, max 700 kbit/s Mbit/s
HomeRF (= DECT data), 802.11h: 802.11a + DFS, TPC
G G
- FHSS from 802.11 ----------- both ----------------------
G
- DECT voice (TDMA) 802.11d: signal exchange
G
between access points
802.11e: QoS control
G

802.11i: PKI security support
G


LAN-integration:
WLAN/WPAN roadmap
IEEE 802.11g
>54 IEEE 802.11g
HIPERLAN/2 IEEE 802.11a
HIPERLAN/2 IEEE 802.11a (OFDM)
(OFDM) UWB
UWB
(OFDM/TDD) (OFDM/TDD)
(OFDM/TDD) (OFDM/TDD)
IEEE 802.11g
IEEE 802.11g
22
(DSSS)
(DSSS)

IEEE 802.15.3
IEEE 802.15.3
IEEE 802.11b
IEEE 802.11b
11
(OQPSK)
(OQPSK)
(DSSS)
(DSSS) Who will
dominate?
2 IEEE 802.11Bluetooth 2.0
IEEE 802.11Bluetooth 2.0
(FHSS) (FHSS) WLAN
(FHSS) (FHSS)

Bluetooth 1.x
Bluetooth 1.x WPAN
quot;Mobile@Homequot; - konsepter
<1 (FHSS)
(FHSS)

2001 2003 2006
source: Per Hjalmar Lehne, Telenor

PAN: Bluetooth System

Worldwide operation
G
Transmission of voice and data
G
Small, low cost, low power,
G
short range radio transceivers
Using the license free,ISM-Band 2,4 GHz
G
Robust, using FHSS at 1600 Hops/s
G
(3200 Hops/s at Inquiry)
1Mbit raw data rate, GFSK
G
Output Power 0, 4 or 20 dBm (EIRP)
G


Bluetooth & WLAN:
Protocols and profiles
G Specifications
describe how the technology works, i.e.
Bluetooth resp. WLAN protocol architecture

G BluetoothProfiles describe how parts of the specifications
are used to achieve a specific functionality

G WLAN has defined only the specifications (layer 1-3)

Source: Lars Svenkerud, Teleaksess

Bluetooth System – Protocol Stack
Telephony Control
AT Telephony
Object Exchange
Control Based on Based on ITU-T
Binary
Protocol For Q.931 Handles
ITU-T V250 and ETSI
syncronisation
GSM 07.10 signalling for voice and
Service Discovery Protocol data calls
Link Manager Protocol
Discover services offered between Link Set up and
units Logical Link Control and Adaption
Client-server system configuration Power
Audio TCP/UDP/IP
is realised in
Protocol Segmentation, multiplexing and management
reassembling Baseband internet
For Authentication
Medium
Point-to-Point Protocol Access Error
For connections to Correction
LANs Cable replacement Protocol for RS 232 Flow Control
Offer SCO/ACL
Based on ETSI 07.10 (60 simultanios
connections)
Physical
Layer
Copyright: Lars Erik Baugstø (FoU)

Profiles => Interoperability
Profiler specified in v1.0b
Cordless Telephony
G
Generic Access Profile
G
Profile
Service Discovery
G
Intercom Profile
G
Application Profile

Generic Object Exchange
G
Serial Port Profile
G
Profile
Dial-up Networking
G
Object Push Profile
G
Profile
File Transfer Profile
G
LAN Access Profile
G
Synchronization Profile
G
Headset Profile
G

Fax Profile
G

Source: Lars Svenkerud

New Profiles
Car Profile
G
Personal Area Networking (PAN) profile
G
Wake-up Profile
G
Human Interface Device (HID)
G
over Bluetooth profile
Printing Profile
G
Still Image Profile
G
Extended Service Discovery Profiles
G
Local Positioning Profile
G
Audio/Video Profile
G

Source: Lars Svenkerud

Bluetooth, WLAN and UMTS
Bluetooth WLAN (802.11, 802.11b) UMTS
Data rate 4-700 kbps 4-6 Mbps Up to 384 kbps (10 Mbps)
Range 10 m, up to 100 m 100 meter 300 m – 5 km
# simultaneous 7 10 – 50 depending on application 10 – 50 (application)
users
Frequency 2,4 GHz (85 MHz) 2,4 GHz (3 x 26 MHz) 2.1 GHz (45 MHz)
band
Transmit 1 mW, 2.5 or 100 mW 100 mW 1W
power
Interfaces ADSL, Ethernet, ISDN, PSTN, Primary Ehernet SS7, IP (All-IP)
USB, RS232
Security Medium Low High
Mobility Portable Portable Mobile (250 km/h)
Support for Yes Only VoIP Yes
voice
Type of clients Inbuilt in PC, PDA, Mobile Inbuilt in PC, PC-card, CF-card, Mobile Phone, PC-card
Phone, PC-card, CF-card, RS-232 dongle and Ethernet
Memory Stick (Sony), SSD-card, dongle
USB dongle, RS-232 Dongle
Power Yes Proprietary solutions Yes (fast)
management
# of parallel 15 – 50 depending on application 3 3-6
systems
Interoperability Yes Through WECA, not through YES
standard

Conclusion: Bluetooth, WLAN and
UMTS
Bluetooth and WLAN are not competing, but almost
G
”complementary”
G Bluetooth: Interconnectivity of devices (Mobile Phone, PDA,
Camera, Stereo, PC), Voice support, PAN
G WLAN: Data connectivity LAN
G UMTS: high security, QoS applications WAN

WLAN Bluetooth coverage
G
similar (Bluetooth with 20 dBm)
G Interference:
– Sharing same radio spectrum (ISM band)
– WLAN is more affected than Bluetooth (fast hopping, bandwidth)


Mobility: Classification according to
the availability
Continuous mobility enables continuous availability of
G
services while the user moves.

Discrete mobility enables the availability of services within
G
certain areas and for certain access points, e.g home and
office, but not while moving from one area to another.

Portability is an example of discrete terminal mobility, where
G
it is only allowed to move a terminal from one plug to
another.


Technology

Mobility Management – Micro Mobility and
Mobile IP

Macro Level Mobility

Mobile IP
Micro Level Mobility

Mobility
Micro
BACK
UP

MobileIP Mobility
Mobile IP – the long term vision (UMTS rel. 6)
– HA, FA
– IPv6
– real-time requirements? Foreign network

IP NETWORK
Mobile Host

Home Agent Correspondent

Router


IN based Mobility
IN based roaming
– virtual MSN, allocated via D-channel
public
– data versus voice
– ”Open access at home?”
– CTP profile (cordless telephony)
GSM/GPRS/UMTS
GSM/GPRS virtual
MSN
core network
ISDN

Blue-
NT1 tooth
IN
home
ISDN

Blue-
NT1 tooth

friend/hot-spot

GSM/GPRS/UMTS Mobility
Ericsson product: Mobile@Home
Public: Mobile phone
Privat/corporate/hot-spot: Bluetooth
public
access

GSM/GPRS GSM/GPRS/UMTS
core network

hot-spot/
corporate
BSC
Blue-
LAN tooth
HomeBSC Ethernet
home Blue-
NT tooth
ADSL
Ethernet

Candidate: MobileServiceProfile
Ericsson Bluetooth Home Base Station
HLR

UTRAN
MSC
Fixed access HLR - home location
register
network
SGSN
BSS MSC - mobile
switching centre
UTRAN - UMTS radio
MSC access network
GPRS GGSN BSS - Base station
Core subsystem
tunnel SGSN
SGSN - serving GPRS
HBSC support node
HBS
GGSN - gateway
Call
Apps. GPRS support node
Servers
Fixed IP Apps.
Apps. HBS - Home base
IAD
access station
Router
HBSC - Home base
network
station controller

tunnel IP Network

Copyright: Ericsson

B3G element: Seamless &
Personalised Access
public
Mobility:
GSM/GPRS/UMTS
GSM/GPRS,
Mobile IP,
Seamless Mobility
n.n.

Common authentication in the network
hot-spot/
BSC corporate
HA, FA Wire-
LAN less
PrivatSupport Ethernet
homeNT(1) Wire-
less
ISDN,
Ethernet
ADSL


The wireless access

SAT broadcast

LMDS, DVB, DAB, WLL
GSM,
Hiperlan,
GPRS,
WLAN,
UMTS,
DECT,
Hiperlan,
Bluetooth
DECT

ISDN,
xDSL CATV, el. power


Who will dominate the market?

Mobile Network operators IT-industry
Place in value chain .net functionality =
G G
(SIM = customer relation) passport.com, hotmail.com
G Location services Windows with authentication
G
mechanisms
G One-stop-shopping =
seamless connectivity Platform for PC and PDAs,
G
Intel and TI support
Support from:
PhoneEdition on PocketPC,
G
G Nokia, opens 8210 operative
wireless digital assistant
system (Symbian)

Create win-win:
Seamless access to personalised services
G


EURESCOM P1046 conclusions
UMTS network will not have sufficient bandwidth to support all
Next Generation (NG) services
Easier access to faster information services at any place
– Interworking: WLAN/Bluetooth and UMTS/GSM
– Interworking: Broadcast (DAB/DVB) and UMTS/GSM
Short term (2001): WEB browsing with WLAN/Bluetooth devices,
local mobility
Second stage (2003): MobileIP handover
Third stage (2004): Integration (tight coupling) of other access
networks in UMTS
Mobile operators will dominate:
– Current place in the value chain where they ”own” the customer
relationship
– Provider of mobile location services
– Corporate customers prefer wireless suppliers that are both Network
Provider and Service Provider for major investments

www.eurescom.de/public/projects/p1000-series/P1046

Our position in the value chain
Content
provider
Advertisement
Hot spot owner,
Local
e.g. bus
Information
- Authentication, Security
- Roles, Context
- Location
- Community Security Generic Content
Personal
Infrastructure Database
profile
Supply
personalised
Dynamic access profile:
Portal content
- Radio environement
- Terminal equipment

Filter/
Service/Fixed/
Adjust/
Mobile Operator
Adapt
Roaming to
other networks
Customer with wireless access
to fixed and mobile mobility networks
18.10.2002 Josef Noll Towards global

Personalised Information Provision
News ticker:
Soccer
Information
Accident
provider
etc
Interesting?
Profile
Information scaling
Inform user? database
Agenda
Terminal, radio
1:0
Personalised capabilities?
Service

Location
Information

The Era of Personalisation

Personalisation
Sectors: location & community

,
o od

y
untr
health & care,

tourist, …

ur h
home

family
hot-spot

y ne …,
y co
office

o
car, …
…,

ghb
…

m
i
m
sectors can be transferred into “Phases in life”

What are “phases in life”?

Physical
- Skeleton strength
- Muscle strength
- Co-ordination

Cognitive
- Feelings/Reason
- Reality/Fantasy
- Individual/Corporate

Social
- Dependent/
Independent

Source: Per Helmersen (Telenor)

Communication significant phases in life
0-2 years,
G

G 3-5 years,

G 5-9 years, can use communication equipment

G 11-14 years, they are equals

G 15-19 years, they are unique

G 20-29 years, they are independent

G 30-54 parents
– phases of life=ways of life
– new start (the mean age for 2nd marriage is 37 years)
55-79 the new independence
G

G 80+ old age (same as 30-55 years, grandparents, active seniors, home for
the elderly, home care)


Key elements of Personalisation
(operator’s vision)
Seamless access ⇒ GSM/UMTS, WLAN, Bluetooth
•

Personalised access
•
⇒ Mobile Phone authentication with help of Bluetooth
Personalised services ⇒ Profiles with API support
•

Solutions for each market segment
•
- home market
- health & care
- community (social, local, regional)


B3G element: Personalised access

Personalised access
Every customer has a
Through SIM-card identification
mobile phone
The mobile phone is the
authentication centre
Other devices use the SIM
in a distributed network
Seamless login

The vision ahead: An Open Network
Data connectivity
1)
User roles
Voice support User behaviour
2)
User profile
Remote control
3)

Entertainment/Games
4)

Open access with Community Location
5)
personalised services Context, creation
Personalised & Mobile
Personalised services in an open network
Applications
Through user profile
ISDN

Ethernet / USB
Cable

Open ADSL
PAN
Gateway


Relationship with respect to your
profile segmented
profile

Service
A

Service
B


”Public” Access
Public Access is everywhere (outside of your home)
Vision: Open access network
Scenario Description, examples

Local Information Limited free info from a Bluetooth Access Point,
Public
e.g. in museums, for timetables, etc.
General Public Access The basic “Web everywhere” example: Internet,
web mail, information services, etc.
(+) Access to private mail
(+) Extra security, access to corporate LAN people
Semi Private Access Hotels, sports/social clubs. Limited group of
Semi-
private
Corporate visited Conference rooms (+ whole campus)
Corporate
Local information
(+) Full Internet access
Corporate employee Standard access to corporate LAN

Private visited Temporary visitor to your home
Private
Open Privat Everybody who is in range can use the access

General Private Priority for permanent residents of house
Access

Open Network Architecture
Key item: Open communications between devices

Virgate
GSM/GPRS

+ Subscribers’
fixed lines
LEX
UMTS
Millions of fixed lines function as
feeder lines for open pico-base
stations
Personalised and broadband services
Supported by seamless authentication
based on the Mobile Phone

Vision versus reality?
It works

It is simple It is personalised

UMTS/
Vehicle 4G:
IMT-2000 Bandwidth & Interworking
GSM/
DAB
GPRS
Mobility

Walk
HIPERLAN DVB
DECT
IEEE 802.11

Fixed HIPERLINK, LMDS
Bluetooth

200 kbit/s 2 Mbit/s 20 155 Mbit/s
20 kbit/s
Bandwidth
source: O. Røstbakken, Telenor R&D

The B3G-terminal?


Service Network Open Services Access Ubiquitous Services
Network Cyberworld
2G/GPRS Packet and Packet switched Community Personal
Services circuit switched only
Core Network
IP Backbone Programmable
UMTS R5 Networks
UMTS QoS Modular
Mobility
Protocols
Access Network
WLAN ++
Ubiquitous
IP Access New Cellular access
WLAN
PAN Ad Hoc
GERAN
MSS HAS
Radio
Technology
MIMO
UWB SW Radio
CDMA
WRC’03 OFDM WRC’06
TDMA

Terminal
reconfigurability
Technology Multi- SW
mode Radio
Single- PAN…wearables,
mode open architecture(s)

2001 2005 2008/2010

Beyond 3G – keywords
needs, market trends, business models
GUser
Service Aspects Open Services Access Ubiquitous Services
GService architectures, service elements, -
Network Cyberworld
2G/GPRS
creation, -provision and Community Personal
Packet switched –discovery
Packet and
Services circuit switched only
GNext generation networks and network
Core Network
integration IP Backbone Programmable
UMTS R5 Networks
GSelf configuringQoS wireless networks and ad-
UMTS Mobility Modular
Protocols
hoc networking
Access Network WLAN ++
GFuture access networks Ubiquitous
IP Access New Cellular access
WLAN GInnovative radio interfaces, smart spectrum
PAN Ad Hoc
GERAN
and antennas MSS HAS
Radio GMobile security architecture
Technology MIMO SW Radio
UWB
GVisionary framework, roadmaps, reference
CDMA
WRC’03 OFDM WRC’06
models and public opinion
TDMA

GPilot system development, validation and
Terminal Multi-
reconfigurability SW
Technology mode
field trials Radio
Single- PAN, wearables, open
mode architecture(s)

2000 Josef Noll 2005 2010
18.10.2002 Towards global mobility

Beyond 3G – players and relations
WWRF EURESCOM
WWRF: Wireless World
G
Research Forum
P1145
steering board
WWRI: Wireless World
G
P1203 Research Initiative – common
WWRI EURESCOM/WWRF IST
ideas
project
WWIP: Expression of Interest
WWIP B3G G
ideas
(EoI) from WWRF
co-operation B3G: EoI from EURESCOM
G

WWI: Wireless World Initiative
G
WWI: Systems beyond 3G Suggestion for 6th framework
ystem radio network services smart life
view

WWI - structure

Smart Mobile Service & Ambient New
B3G System view Life Applications Networks Radio
Management

Strategic Integrated projects
project

Conclusions
Radio is the key success factors for an operator
“Always best connected”: Person-to-Person communication
and personalised services
Operators have key-elements of personalised services
– Seamless access Common authentication in the network
– Personalised access Through SIM-card identification
– Personalised services in an open network Through user
profile
Combine the best: Authentication by SIM and wireless
access from all networks
Requires … much more than just
co-operation between fixed and mobile
seamless connectivity between PAN, LAN and GSM/UMTS
one personal WEB page


Towards Global Mobility

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