The document outlines several key principles of a just society: 1) It discusses the right to life and how it cannot be taken away except in dire circumstances where another person's life is threatened. 2) It describes liberty as the freedom to choose when, where, and with whom to trade goods and set prices. 3) The pursuit of happiness is mentioned as the right to pursue one's own happiness as long as it does not infringe on others' rights. 4) Justice, common good, equality, diversity, popular sovereignty, patriotism, and rule of law are also briefly defined.