![41ST LIST: THE TOP10# Site Manufacturer Computer Country Cores Rmax
[Pflops]
Power
[MW]
1
National University of
Defense Technology
NUDT
Tianhe-2
NUDT TH-IVB-FEP,
Xeon 12C 2.2GHz, IntelXeon Phi
China 3,120,000 33.9 17.8
2
Oak Ridge National
Laboratory
Cray
Titan
Cray XK7, Opteron 16C 2.2GHz,
Gemini, NVIDIA K20x
USA 560,640 17.6 8.21
3
Lawrence Livermore
National Laboratory
IBM
Sequoia
BlueGene/Q,
Power BQC 16C 1.6GHz, Custom
USA 1,572,864 17.2 7.89
4
RIKEN Advanced Institute
for Computational Science
Fujitsu
K Computer
SPARC64 VIIIfx 2.0GHz,
Tofu Interconnect
Japan 795,024 10.5 12.7
5
Argonne National
Laboratory
IBM
Mira
BlueGene/Q,
Power BQC 16C 1.6GHz, Custom
USA 786,432 8.59 3.95
6
Swiss National
Supercomputing Centre
(CSCS)
Cray
Piz Daint
Cray XC30, Xeon E5 8C 2.6GHz,
Aries, NVIDIA K20x
Switzer-
land
115,984 6.27 2.33
7
King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology
Cray
Shaheen II
Cray XC40,
Xeon E5 16C 2.3GHz, Aries
Saudi
Arabia
196,608 5.54 2.83
8
Texas Advanced
Computing Center/UT
Dell
Stampede
PowerEdge C8220,
Xeon E5 8C 2.7GHz, Intel Xeon Phi
USA 462,462 5.17 4.51
9
Forschungszentrum
Juelich (FZJ)
IBM
JuQUEEN
BlueGene/Q,
Power BQC 16C 1.6GHz, Custom
Germany 458,752 5.01 2.30
10
Lawrence Livermore
National Laboratory
IBM
Vulcan
BlueGene/Q,
Power BQC 16C 1.6GHz, Custom
USA 393,216 4.29 1.97](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
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45th TOP500 List
- 1. Highlights of the 45th TOP500 List ISC‘15, Frankfurt, July 13, 2015 Erich Strohmaier
- 2. 41ST LIST: THE TOP10# Site Manufacturer Computer Country Cores Rmax [Pflops] Power [MW] 1 National University of Defense Technology NUDT Tianhe-2 NUDT TH-IVB-FEP, Xeon 12C 2.2GHz, IntelXeon Phi China 3,120,000 33.9 17.8 2 Oak Ridge National Laboratory Cray Titan Cray XK7, Opteron 16C 2.2GHz, Gemini, NVIDIA K20x USA 560,640 17.6 8.21 3 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory IBM Sequoia BlueGene/Q, Power BQC 16C 1.6GHz, Custom USA 1,572,864 17.2 7.89 4 RIKEN Advanced Institute for Computational Science Fujitsu K Computer SPARC64 VIIIfx 2.0GHz, Tofu Interconnect Japan 795,024 10.5 12.7 5 Argonne National Laboratory IBM Mira BlueGene/Q, Power BQC 16C 1.6GHz, Custom USA 786,432 8.59 3.95 6 Swiss National Supercomputing Centre (CSCS) Cray Piz Daint Cray XC30, Xeon E5 8C 2.6GHz, Aries, NVIDIA K20x Switzer- land 115,984 6.27 2.33 7 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Cray Shaheen II Cray XC40, Xeon E5 16C 2.3GHz, Aries Saudi Arabia 196,608 5.54 2.83 8 Texas Advanced Computing Center/UT Dell Stampede PowerEdge C8220, Xeon E5 8C 2.7GHz, Intel Xeon Phi USA 462,462 5.17 4.51 9 Forschungszentrum Juelich (FZJ) IBM JuQUEEN BlueGene/Q, Power BQC 16C 1.6GHz, Custom Germany 458,752 5.01 2.30 10 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory IBM Vulcan BlueGene/Q, Power BQC 16C 1.6GHz, Custom USA 393,216 4.29 1.97
- 6. PERFORMANCE DEVELOPMENT 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 1000000 10000000 100000000 1E+09 1E+10 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 59.7 GFlop/s 400 MFlop/s 1.17 TFlop/s 33.9 PFlop/s 165 TFlop/s 363 PFlop/s SUM N=1 N=500 1 Gflop/s 1 Tflop/s 100 Mflop/s 100 Gflop/s 100 Tflop/s 10 Gflop/s 10 Tflop/s 1 Pflop/s 100 Pflop/s 10 Pflop/s 1 Eflop/s June 2008 June 2013
- 7. PROJECTED PERFORMANCE DEVELOPMENT 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 1000000 10000000 100000000 1E+09 1E+10 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 SUM N=1 N=500 1 Gflop/s 1 Tflop/s 100 Mflop/s 100 Gflop/s 100 Tflop/s 10 Gflop/s 10 Tflop/s 1 Pflop/s 100 Pflop/s 10 Pflop/s 1 Eflop/s
- 8. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 RANK AT WHICH HALF OF TOTAL PERFORMANCE IS ACCUMULATED
- 9. 0.1 1 10 100 1000 Average of Rmax/socket Average of Cores per Socket Average of Rmax/core Expon. (Average of Rmax/socket) TECHNOLOGICAL TRENDS – SCALAR PROCESSORS Moore’s Law is fine!
- 10. 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 1 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000 10,000,000 Average of Rmax Average of Sockets Expon. (Average of Rmax) TECHNOLOGICAL TRENDS – SCALAR SYSTEMS Lack of growth in # Sockets? Lack purchasing power???
- 11. 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 TotalPerformance[Pflop/s] Kepler/Phi Clearspeed ATI Radeon IBM Cell Intel Xeon Phi Nvidia Fermi Nvidia Kepler PERFORMANCE OF ACCELERATORS
- 12. PERFORMANCE SHARE OF ACCELERATORS 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 FractionofTotalTOP500 Performance
- 13. United States, 46% Japan, 8% China, 8% Germany, 7% United Kingdom, 6% France, 5% India, 2% Korea, South, 2% Russia, 2% others, 14% United States Japan China Germany United Kingdom France India Korea, South Russia others COUNTRIES / SYSTEM SHARE
- 15. HP, 177, 35% IBM, 91, 18% Cray Inc., 71, 14% SGI, 30, 6% Bull, 21, 4% Lenovo (IBM), 23, 5% Fujitsu, 13, 3% Dell, 10, 2% NUDT, 5, 1% Megware, 5, 1% Others, 54, 11% HP IBM Cray Inc. SGI Bull Lenovo (IBM) Fujitsu Dell NUDT Megware Others VENDORS / SYSTEM SHARE
- 16. HP, 51.4, 14% IBM, 73.4, 20% Cray Inc., 87.3, 24%SGI, 27.3, 8% Bull, 13.1, 4% Lenovo (IBM), 11.0, 3% Fujitsu, 19.5, 5% Dell, 10.3, 3% NUDT, 39.5, 11% Others, 30.9, 8% HP IBM Cray Inc. SGI Bull Lenovo (IBM) Fujitsu Dell NUDT Others VENDORS / PERFORMANCE SHARE
- 17. POWER EFFICIENCY 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Linpack/Power[Gflops/kW] TOP10 TOP50 TOP500 Max-Efficiency BlueGene/Q Cell Mic AMD FirePro Tsubame KFC NVIDIA K20x
- 18. Computer Rmax/ Power Tsubame KFC, NEC, Xeon 6C 2.1GHz, IB FDR, NVIDIA K20x 4,272 Sango, Supermicro, Xeon 12C 2.5GHz, IB FDR, XEON Phi 7120P 4,143 Cray CS-Storm, Xeon 10C 2.2GHz, IB FDR, NVIDIA K40m 3,879 Suiren, Xeon 10C 2.2GHz, IB FDR, PEZY-SC 3,756 iDataPlex DX360M4, IBM, Xeon 10C 2.8GHz, IB, NVIDIA K20x 3,543 Taurus GPUs, Bull R400, Xeon 12C 2.5GHz, IB FDR, Nvidia K80 3,277 Romeo, Bull Cluster, Xeon 8C 2.6GHz, IB FDR, NVIDIA K20x 3,131 Sekirei-ACC, SGI ICE XA, 12C 2.5GHz, IB FDR, NVIDIA K40 3,045 HA-PACS TCA, Cray Cluster, Xeon 10C 2.8GHz, QDR, NVIDIA K20x 2,980 SANAM, Adtech, ASUS, Xeon 8C 2.0GHz, IB FDR, AMD FirePro 2,973 sysGen GPU, Supermicro, 6C 2.1 GHz, IB QDR, NVIDIA K20 2,878 Piz Daint, Cray XC30, Xeon 8C 2.6GHz, Aries, NVIDIA K20x 2,697 MOST POWER EFFICIENT ARCHITECTURES [Mflops/Watt]
Hinweis der Redaktion
- Record low turnover
- Average age till 2011 was 1.27 years
- Statistical significant inflection point in June 2008 for end of the list #500: Old: exp(0.3254) -> 1.917/year New: exp(0.2052) -> 1.507/year -> new-rate = 0.786 *old-rate
- No500 is lagging 10x by end of decade if this continues Old: exp(0.3254) -> 1.917/year New: exp(0.2052) -> 1.507/year -> new-rate = 0.786 *old-rate
- Stimulus effect ??? Is now correcting itself
- Moore’s Law still in effect on a socket=chip basis but ~ 14% too slow 1.45/year instead of 1.59/year EXP(0.325x) top500 last old Exp(0.2052 x ) top500 last new Exp(0.1873 x) scalar chip Subsample of: Only new systems Only vanilla single-/multi-core processors; No SIMD, vector, GPU,MIC -> Moore’s Law is alive -> No inflection in technology
- EXP(0.2945 x) !!! Old growth rate -6% EXP(0.325x) top500 last old Exp(0.2052 x ) top500 last new Exp(0.186 x) scalar Subsample of: Only new systems Only vanilla single-/multi-core processors; No SIMD, vector, GPU,MIC -> Moore’s Law is alive -> No inflection in technology
- Lenovo (IBM) are all system with ‘Lenovo’ in the name: Lenovo + Lenovo/IBM + IBM/Lenovo
- Cray no leader in performance
- Yellow is new