Este documento descreve três episódios da vida de Jesus descritos no capítulo 11 do Evangelho de Marcos: a entrada triunfal de Jesus em Jerusalém, a limpeza que fez do Templo e a amaldiçoação da figueira sem fruto. O documento analisa estes episódios à luz de passagens bíblicas e sugere que eles são simbólicos e proféticos, representando a rejeição de Jesus pelo sistema religioso da época.
23. Naquele dia estarão os seus pés sobre o
monte das Oliveiras, que está defronte de
Jerusalém para o oriente; se o monte das
Oliveiras será fendido pelo meio, do
oriente para o ocidente e haverá um vale
muito grande; e metade do monte se
removerá para o norte, e a outra metade
dele para o sul.
Zacarias 14:4
23
Monday, 23 November 2009
25. Alegra-te muito, ó filha de Sião; exulta, ó
filha de Jerusalém; eis que vem a ti o teu
rei; ele é justo e traz a salvação; ele é
humilde e vem montado sobre um
jumento, sobre um jumentinho, filho de
jumenta.
Zacarias 9:9
25
Monday, 23 November 2009
28. Eis que eu envio o meu mensageiro, e ele
há de preparar o caminho diante de mim;
e de repente virá ao seu templo o
Senhor, a quem vós buscais, e o anjo do
pacto, a quem vós desejais; eis que ele
vem, diz o Senhor dos exércitos.
Malaquias 3:1
28
Monday, 23 November 2009
29. Mas quem suportará o dia da sua vinda? e
quem subsistirá, quando ele aparecer? Pois
ele será como o fogo de fundidor e como
o sabão de lavandeiros; assentar-se-á
como fundidor e purificador de prata; e
purificará os filhos de Levi, e os refinará
como ouro e como prata, até que tragam
ao Senhor ofertas em justiça.
Malaquias 3:2–3
29
Monday, 23 November 2009
36. ‘É um relato de poder milagroso
desperdiçado ao serviço de um ataque de
raiva (porque a energia sobrenatural
utilizada para secar a pobre árvore bem
podia ter sido mais bem empregue para
produzir uma colheita de figos fora de
época); e tal como nos aparece é
simplesmente inacreditável.’
T.W. Manson
36
Monday, 23 November 2009
44. . . . sim, a esses [estrangeiros] os levarei ao
meu santo monte, e os alegrarei na minha
casa de oração; os seus holocaustos e os
seus sacrifícios serão aceitos no meu altar;
porque a minha casa será chamada casa
de oração para todos os povos.
Isaías 56:7
44
Monday, 23 November 2009
45. Tornou-se, pois, esta casa, que se chama
pelo meu nome, uma caverna de
salteadores aos vossos olhos? Eis que eu,
eu mesmo, vi isso, diz o Senhor.
Jeremias 7:11
45
Monday, 23 November 2009
54. As boas notícias
chegarem a todas as
nações
11:17
54
Monday, 23 November 2009
Hinweis der Redaktion
Jesus’s rebuke: Overturning dead religion (Mark 11:1–26)
>> Three symbolic acts
Three symbolic acts
>> The triumphal entry
The triumphal entry
>> Clearing out the temple
Clearing out the temple
>> Cursing the fig tree
Cursing the fig tree
>> Movement in Mark 11:1–26
Movement in Mark 11:1–26: IN: Triumphal entry (1–11) / OUT: (11) / IN: Clearing the temple (12–18) / OUT: (19) / IN: Withered fig tree (20–26)
>> triumphal entry
Movement in Mark 11:1–26: IN: Triumphal entry (1–11) / OUT: (11) / IN: Clearing the temple (12–18) / OUT: (19) / IN: Withered fig tree (20–26)
>> triumphal entry
Movement in Mark 11:1–26: IN: Triumphal entry (1–11) / OUT: (11) / IN: Clearing the temple (12–18) / OUT: (19) / IN: Withered fig tree (20–26)
>> triumphal entry
Movement in Mark 11:1–26: IN: Triumphal entry (1–11) / OUT: (11) / IN: Clearing the temple (12–18) / OUT: (19) / IN: Withered fig tree (20–26)
>> triumphal entry
Movement in Mark 11:1–26: IN: Triumphal entry (1–11) / OUT: (11) / IN: Clearing the temple (12–18) / OUT: (19) / IN: Withered fig tree (20–26)
>> triumphal entry
Movement in Mark 11:1–26: IN: Triumphal entry (1–11) / OUT: (11) / IN: Clearing the temple (12–18) / OUT: (19) / IN: Withered fig tree (20–26)
>> triumphal entry
Movement in Mark 11:1–26: IN: Triumphal entry (1–11) / OUT: (11) / IN: Clearing the temple (12–18) / OUT: (19) / IN: Withered fig tree (20–26)
>> triumphal entry
Movement in Mark 11:1–26: IN: Triumphal entry (1–11) / OUT: (11) / IN: Clearing the temple (12–18) / OUT: (19) / IN: Withered fig tree (20–26)
>> triumphal entry
Movement in Mark 11:1–26: IN: Triumphal entry (1–11) / OUT: (11) / IN: Clearing the temple (12–18) / OUT: (19) / IN: Withered fig tree (20–26)
>> triumphal entry
Movement in Mark 11:1–26: IN: Triumphal entry (1–11) / OUT: (11) / IN: Clearing the temple (12–18) / OUT: (19) / IN: Withered fig tree (20–26)
>> triumphal entry
Triumphal entry
Parallels with other triumphal entries, esp. w/ Jewish accounts of victory parades into Jerusalem
>> Homecoming parade pic
>> Arch of Titus
Celebration of victory
>> Today’s victory parades are in buses
>> Parade into the city
Arch of Titus: on Via Sacra just to the SE of Forum. Constructed by Domitian shortly after the death of older brother Titus (born AD 41, emperor 79-81), commemorating the capture and sack of Jerusalem in 70
>> Celebration of victory
Parade into the city
>> Welcome – acclamation / praise
Welcome – acclamation / praise
Entry into the temple
Entry into the temple
>> Sacrifice
Sacrifice
>> Jesus as anointed victor
Jesus as anointed victor
>> Anointing at baptism (‘my Son’)
Anointing at baptism (‘my Son’)
>> Victory over Satan in wilderness
Victory over Satan in wilderness
>> Authority over sickness, demons and death
Authority over sickness, demons and death
>> Increasingly seen as Messiah
Increasingly seen as Messiah
>> Parade into the city
Parade into the city
>> Mt of Olives
Starts at Mount of Olives
>> Jersusalem from Mt of Olives
On that day his feet will stand on the Mount of Olives, east of Jerusalem, and the Mount of Olives will be split in two from east to west . . . Then the LORD my God will come, and all the holy ones with him. (Zechariah 14:4)
>> requisitions transport
requisitions transport
>> Zechariah 9:9
Rejoice greatly, O Daughter of Zion! Shout, Daughter of Jerusalem! See, your king comes to you, righteous and having salvation, gentle and riding on a donkey, on a colt, the foal of a donkey. Zechariah 9:9
>> Welcome – acclamation / praise
Welcome – acclamation / praise: Hosanna=Save now! Blessings. . . Ps 118:25–26; 148:1 Ps 118 associated with Sukkot/Tabernacles
Zech 14 - all earth
>> goes to the temple
goes to the temple: The crowds disappear now – sense that nothing had happened?
Note ‘looked around’ – assessment preparing us for judgment
>> Malachi 3:1
See, I will send my messenger, who will prepare the way before me. Then suddenly the Lord you are seeking will come to his temple; the messenger of the covenant, whom you desire, will come, says the LORD Almighty. Malachi 3:1
>> Malachi 3:2–3
But who can endure the day of his coming? Who can stand when he appears? For he will be like a refiner's fire or a launderer's soap. He will sit as a refiner and purifier of silver; he will purify the Levites and refine them like gold and silver. Malachi 3:2–3
>> no sacrifice
no sacrifice
>> cross
The fig tree
>> Leaves in March or April
The fig tree: Leaves in March or April – around Passover time; Fruit in June
>> Fig tree in spring pic
The fig tree: Leaves in March or April – around Passover time; Fruit in June
>> Fig tree in spring pic
Note buds on the tree – prior to leaves. Figs on tree are left over from previous season. Jesus might expect to find figs from the previous season (as in this image) –indicating that the tree was indeed a fruit–bearing tree. (Dr. Carl Rasmussen)
>> So why does Jesus curse it?
So why does Jesus curse it?
>> A bizarre fit of rage?
A bizarre fit of rage?
>> TW Manson quote
It is a tale of miraculous power wasted in the service of ill temper (for the super-natural energy employed to blast the unfortunate tree might have been more usefully expended in forcing a crop of figs out of season); and as it stands it is simply incredible. – T.W. Manson (Rylands Chair of Biblical Criticism and Exegesis, Manchester, 1936–1958)
>> A symbolic action?
A symbolic action?
>> Mark sandwich
Mark sandwich: Cursing the fig tree (12-14) // Incident in the temple (11-19) // The withered tree (20-26)
>> The temple incident
Mark sandwich: Cursing the fig tree (12-14) // Incident in the temple (11-19) // The withered tree (20-26)
>> The temple incident
Mark sandwich: Cursing the fig tree (12-14) // Incident in the temple (11-19) // The withered tree (20-26)
>> The temple incident
Rejecting exploitation. Selling sacrificial animals & money changing a month before passover (controlled by priests).Exchange rate - 4 to 8%
>> temple courts
Rejecting the High Priest’s authority – would have pleased the Pharisees who were opposed to the High Priest having so much power. But too late – makes the Sadducees and Pharisees into unlikely allies
>> Rejecting the temple system
Rejecting the temple system (poss. v.16)
>> Isaiah 56:7
These [foreigners] I will bring to my holy mountain and give them joy in my house of prayer. Their burnt offerings and sacrifices will be accepted on my altar; for my house will be called a house of prayer for all nations. (Isaiah 56:7)
>> Jeremiah 7:11
‘Has this house, which bears my Name, become a den of robbers to you? But I have been watching!’ declares the LORD. (Jeremiah 7:11)
>> the symbol of the fig tree
the symbol of the fig tree
>> Hosea 9:10
When I found Israel, it was like finding grapes in the desert; when I saw your ancestors, it was like seeing the early fruit on the fig tree. (Hosea 9:10)
>> Jesus cursing the tree = Jesus rejecting the temple
Jesus cursing the tree = Jesus rejecting the temple
>> lots of outward show
lots of outward show
>> no fruit
no fruit
>> What fruit is Jesus looking for?
What fruit is Jesus looking for?
>>Prayer motivated by true faith
Prayer motivated by true faith – dependance on God
>> Good relationships
Good relationships – Authentic community
>> Good news reaching all nations
Good news reaching all nations – Missional