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Earthquakes
Earthquake

– is the shaking
a trembling that results from
the sudden movement of
part of the Earth’s crust.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ca
vq2HFBa-U&feature=fvsr
 One

million earthquakes happen in a

year
 one thousand every year makes the
earth move
 twenty can cause severe damage.
Faulting causes earthquakes.
San Andreas Fault – land to the
west is moving north and the land to
the east is moving south
Earthquakes
Earthquakes
 Tsunamis – earthquakes that occur
on the ocean floor produce giant sea
waves called tsunamis.
 Focus – the point beneath the

Earth’s surface where the rocks break
and move.

 Epicenter – directly above the
focus, on the Earth’s surface
Earthquakes
Also known as Earthquake Waves
Fastest waves
P waves
Moves through
solids, liquids, and gases
Speeds up in denser
material
Push and pull waves
S waves
Slower than P waves
Travels through solids but
not liquids and gases
Speeds up in denser
material
Movement is side to side




S waves: do "the wave" as they would
in a football stadium, raising their arms
and lowering them as the next person
raises his or hers.
P Waves: gently grip each other's
shoulders and having one pull or push
the next person in line.
L waves
Slowest waves
Originates at the epicenter
Creates the wave
movements in the Earth’s
surface
Causes the most damage
 Seismograph – is an instrument

that detects and measures
seismic waves

 Seismologist – scientists who

study earthquakes, can
determine the strength of them

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Earthquakes