[PSU Web 2011] HTML5 Design

PSU WEB 2011

HTML5
DESIGN
❦

Christopher Schmitt | http://twitter.com/@teleject

THINGS ARE GOOD
BETWEEN US, XHTML,
RIGHT?
I MEAN. WE GET ALONG WELL.
AND WE BOTH LIKE STUFF.
2
3

http://dev.opera.com/articles/view/mama-markup-validation-report/

3

“THE ATTEMPT TO GET THE
WORLD TO SWITCH TO XML,
INCLUDING QUOTES AROUND
ATTRIBUTE VALUES AND
SLASHES IN EMPTY TAGS AND
NAMESPACES ALL AT ONCE
DIDN’T WORK.”
SIR TIM BERNERS-LEE
5

http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/teleject/432030263/
6

BLUEPRINTS VS REALITY

http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0140139966
12

“TAKE CARE
OF THE LUXURIES AND
THE NECESSITIES WILL TAKE
CARE OF THEMSELVES.”
FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT

13

AGENDA ITEMS
• What’s different from XHTML to HTML5

• Building with HTML5 (You are here.)

• Video

• Audio

• GeoLocation ... and more!

• Prizes! http://interactwithwebstandards.com/
14

HTML 4.01 Transitional DTD:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-html401-19991224/loose.dtd">

XHTML 1.0 Transitional DTD:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

17

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>AUSTIN, TX BBQ RESTAURANTS</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>....</h1>
<p>...</p>
</body>
</html>

18

EXERCISE
• Go to HTML validator at
http://validator.w3.org/#validate_by_input

• Then type the following HTML (below) and hit validate:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<title>Small HTML5</title>
<p>Hello world</p>

19

<img src=“ﬁle.png” />

23

<IMG SRC=ﬁle.png />

24

<iMg SrC=ﬁle.png />

25

<IMG SRC=ﬁle.png />

26

<video controls=controls>

27

EVERYTHING THAT
WAS BAD IN 1999
IS GOOD AGAIN

28

RELEARNING SYNTAX
• Attribute quotes “not really” required

• UPPERCASE and lowercase HTML elements allowed

• So is CaMeLcAse typing.

• No more need to do self-closing tags like <IMG /> or <BR />

• Also, no more minimalization. So, this is okay: <dl compact>

• Basically, everything that was bad from HTML4 in XHTML5 is good again.

• Full circle, baby! One more time.

29

DIV ID=“header”
DIV ID=“nav”

DIV ID=“section”

DIV ID=“sidecolumn”
DIV ID=“article”

DIV ID=“footer”
31

<HEADER>
<NAV>

<SECTION>

<ASIDE>
<ARTICLE>

<FOOTER>
32

ARTICLE VS ASIDE VS
SECTION

• Molly Holzschlag, Opera standards evangelist, says:

• <section> clariﬁes <div>

• <article> 'replaces' <div id="content">

• <aside> 'replaces' <div id="sidebar">

• Chris Mills, Opera browser employee, plays it safe:
http://boblet.tumblr.com/post/130610820/html5-structure1

33

WHAT ABOUT THE DIVS?

• Marc Grabanski, jQuery and HTML5 guy:

• “div has no meaning whatsoever, so there is nothing semantic about
divs”

• Bruce Lawson, Opera browser employee:

• “Like all semantic questions, it depends on the context. If your only
reason for wanting an element is to group stuff for styling, it's a div.”

34

<body>
<header>
<h1>Heading </h1>
</header>
<nav>
<h3>Site Navigation</h3>
<ul>...</ul>

</nav>
<section>
<article>
<h3>Weblog Entry</h3>
</article>
</section>

<aside>
<p>You are reading "Chocolate Rain", an entry posted on <time datetime="2009-03-05">5
March, 2009</time>, to the <a href="#">Misty collection</a>. See other posts in <a
href="#">this collection</a>.</p>
</aside>
<footer>
<p>...</p>
</footer>
</body>

35

PROGRESSIVELY
ENHANCED HTML5
(INFUSED WITH SHIM)

40

http://modernizr.com/
42

<html lang="en" class=" canvas canvastext
geolocation rgba hsla multiplebgs borderimage
borderradius boxshadow opacity cssanimations
csscolumns cssgradients cssreﬂections
csstransforms csstransforms3d csstransitions
video audio localstorage sessionstorage
webworkers applicationcache fontface">

44

content {
/* CSS rules if a browser DOES NOT support geolocation */
...
}

.geolocation content {
/* CSS rules if a browser DOES support geolocation */
...
}

CSS Feature Detection
45

Pick and Choose Features to Detect
47

HTML5, MICROFORMATS
& METADATA

48

“Designed for humans ﬁrst and
machines second,
microformats are a set of simple,
open data formats built upon
existing and widely
adopted standards.”

50

“HTML design patterns for common
chunks of content that web builders need
to markup anyway.”

“Oh, and Google understands them, too.”

51

REPLACING ABBR

• <ABBR> element is used by screenreaders to expand abbreviations
like “lbs” or “NCAAP”

• However unintended consequences occurred trying to workaround
browser bugs for other HTML elements

• What happens when a screenreaders text like this:

• “Let’s go to <abbr class="geo"
title="30.300474;-97.747247">Austin, TX</abbr>”

http://www.brucelawson.co.uk/2009/microformats-accessibility-html-5-again/
53

<div class="vevent">
<a class="url" href="http://www.web2con.com/">http://
www.web2con.com</a>
<span class="summary">Web 2.0 Conference</span>:
<abbr class="dtstart"
title="2007-10-05">October 5</abbr>-
<abbr class="dtend" title="2007-10-20">20</
abbr>,
at the <span class="location">Argent Hotel, San Francisco,
CA</span>
</div>

54

<div class="vevent">
<a class="url" href="http://www.web2con.com/">http://
www.web2con.com</a>
<span class="summary">Web 2.0 Conference</span>:
<time class="dtstart"
datetime="2007-10-05">October 5</time>-
<time class="dtend"
datetime="2007-10-19">19</time>,
at the <span class="location">Argent Hotel, San Francisco,
CA</span>
</div>

http://www.brucelawson.co.uk/2009/microformats-accessibility-html-5-again/
55

POSTSCRIPT

• <ABBR> issue has ben resolved with new pattern (dropping <ABBR>
altogether):
http://microformats.org/wiki/value-class-pattern

• <p>Let’s go to <span class="geo">51° 30' 48.45", -0° 8'
53.23" (<span class="value">51.513458;-0.14812</
span>)</span> </p>

56

DATA-ATTRIBUTE

• You can set data-attribute to any element you want.

• Set meta information that can be utilized by JavaScript or CSS later on.

<img src=“john-smith.jpg”
data-imgtype=“mugshot”
alt=“John Smith’s mugshot”>

57

ATTR SELECTOR

img[data-imgtype=“mugshot”] {
/* CSS rules go here */
}

58

HTML4 HEADINGS

• h1

• h2

• h3

• h4

• h5

• h6

60

POP-QUIZ

• How do you code for the main title of your site and the main
article/post/content of the page?

• Two H1s for both main title and content

• H1 for main title, then H2 for content

• H2 for main title, then H1 for content

61

XHTML2’S HEADINGS

• Had an “h” element, without a numeral

• Using the <section> element to determine its value:

• <section><h></h></section> = <h1>

• <section><section><h></h></section></section> = <h2>

62

HTML5’S HEADINGS

• Keepold system rather than introduce a new element, move away
from numbered headings

• However, adds the <section> element

• Also the <hgroup> element

• More insistence on keep hierarchy:

• h1 to h6

63

<HEADER>
• <header> contains information found at top of a page

• title,

• subtitle,

• and navigation

• Also, it can include an <hgroup>

• Canbe placed anywhere in a document except <footer> and
another <header>
64

<article>
<header>
<h1>The Great Gastby</h1>
<p>A book report by Christopher Schmitt</p>
</header>
<p>stuff goes here</p>
</article>

65

<article>
<header>
<hgroup>
<h1>The Great Gastby</h1>
<h2>A book report by Christopher Schmitt</h2>
</hgroup>
</header>
<p>stuff goes here</p>
</article>

66

<HGROUP>
• Can contain more than one heading

• In fact, must contain at least two heading elements

• Example: intended for titles and subtitles

• Keep hierarchy of heading elements

• h1 through h6

• Don’t need to place them in <hgroup> or <header>

67

VIDEO EXAMPLE OF HEADINGS w/ SCREENREADER

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AmUPhEVWu_E
68

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AmUPhEVWu_E
69

CLOSERLOOK AT
HTML5 ELEMENTS

70

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<title>Basic HTML5 Web Document Structure</title>

</head>

<body>
<h1>Video Example</h1>
<audio src="html5test.ogg" autoplay controls>

<a href="html5test.ogg">Download audio</a>
</audio>

</body>
</html>

72

HTML5 AUDIO

• AUDIO element attributes are SRC, AUTOBUFFER, AUTOPLAY,
LOOP, CONTROLS

• If you don’t have CONTROL, player becomes transparent

74

HTML5 AUDIO SUPPORT

FF3.5+ S4+ Ch3+ Op10.5+ IE9+

Ogg
Y Y Y
Vorbis

MP3 Y Y Y

WAV Y Y Y

75

SUPPORTING AUDIO

<audio controls autobuffer>
<source src="html5audio.mp3" />
<source src="html5audio.ogg" />

</audio>

Use Flash for older versions of IE
76

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>

</head>

<body>
<object width="425" height="344"><param name="movie"
value="http://www.youtube.com/v/4GuKSqAg5xI&hl=en&fs=1"></
param><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"></
param><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"></
param><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/
4GuKSqAg5xI&hl=en&fs=1" type="application/x-shockwave-ﬂash"
allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="425"
height="344"></embed></object>

</body>
</html>

78

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>

</head>

<body>
<video src="html5test.ogg"

width="320" height="240" controls

poster="html5testvideoposter.jpg">

<a href="html5testvideo.ogg">Download movie</a>
</video>

</body>
</html>

79

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>

</head>

<body>
<video src="html5test.ogg"

width="320" height="240" controls

poster="html5testvideoposter.jpg">

DEMO

<a href="html5testvideo.ogg">Download movie</a>
</video>

</body>
</html>

80

HTML5 VIDEO

• WIDTH and HEIGHT should be required, IMO, but movie plays anyway
based on the values in the video ﬁle itself.

• Video formats may have their own posterframe. The browser should
use that by default unless overridden by valid POSTER attribute value.

• Text can be included within VIDEO element to allow user to download
video if their browser doesn’t support.

• If you want to give users control, use CONTROL attribute.

81

HTML5 VIDEO

• Video can start automatically if using the AUTOPLAY=”1” attribute and
value.

• Spec provides for LOOP, AUTOBUFFER which also take a value of O
or 1.

• Codecs support...

82

HTML5 VIDEO
“It would be helpful for interoperability if all browsers could
support the same codecs.
However, there are no known codecs that satisfy all the
current players: we need a codec that is known to not require
per-unit or per-distributor licensing, that is compatible with the
open source development model, that is of sufﬁcient quality as
to be usable, and that is not an additional submarine patent
risk for large companies.
This is an ongoing issue and this section will be updated once
more information is available.”
- http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/#video-and-
audio-codecs-for-video-elements
83

CODECS
• Ogg (or “Vorbis”)

• No need to worry about patents

• H.264

• Created by the MPEG group

• If you have blu-ray disc player, you are using it

• WebM

• A wrapper for the VP8 video and Ogg audio streams

84

VIDEO CODEC SUPPORT

FF3.6+ S Ch5+ Op10.6+ IE9+

Ogg Y Y Y

H.264 Y Y* Y

WebM (W4.02+) (Ch6+) Y

85

http://ﬁrefogg.org/

86

http://www.videolan.org/vlc/
87

http://handbrake.fr/

88

LESSONS LEARNED

• Use VLC or Firefogg to encode common movie ﬁles types to OGG

• H.264 encoding? Use Handbrake

• If you are hot to trot for HTML5 Video, like, right now, check out Mark
Pilgrim’s tutorial:
http://diveintohtml5.org/video.html

• Good primer:
http://dev.opera.com/articles/view/introduction-html5-video/

89

<input type=button onclick="playPause()" value="Play/Pause"
tabindex="0" />

93

HTML5 VIDEO & CAPTIONS

94

[Captioning] has been shown to improve
reading skills among adults who are non-
readers.

http://www.ldonline.org/article/35793
95

QUICK & DIRTY
CAPTIONING

98

http://github.com/johnmcc/jCaps
99

SRT FILES
• SRT files are text files used in video playback; therefore, they do
not contain any video data.

• Text
file containing subtitles used by various video playback
programs; supported by DivX, DVD, and other video formats;

• Includesthe time each subtitle should be displayed followed by
the text of the subtitles.

• Subtitlefiles are often named according to the language of the
subtitles, i.e. "moviename-eng.srt" for English and
"moviename-ger.srt" for German subtitles.
102

TRANSCRIPT-EN.SRT
1
00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:6,000
Allow me to introduce myself My name is Tay It's T-A-Y, T-A-Y to the Z

2
00:00:06,000 --> 00:00:9,000
This is the web and it's gonna murder your TV It was Chocolate Rain

3
00:00:09,500 --> 00:00:11,500
Wrote a song about that history Chocolate Rain

4
00:00:12,000 --> 00:00:15,000
Now I'm paid a hefty hefty fee Chocolate Rain
103

<video id="myVid" width="400" src="cherry-chocolate-
rain.ogv" autobuffer controls>
  <track src="transcript-en.srt" type="text/srt" language="en"
role="textaudesc"></track>
  <track src="transcript-gr.srt" type="text/srt" language="gr"
role="textaudesc"></track>
  <p>Alternative text...</p>
</video>

105

<video id="myVid" width="400" src="cherry-chocolate-rain.ogv"
autobuffer controls>
  <track src="transcript-en.srt" type="text/srt"
language="en" role="textaudesc"></track>
  <track src="transcript-gr.srt" type="text/srt"
language="gr" role="textaudesc"></track>
  <p>Alternative text goes here.</p>
</video>

106

HTML5 & GEOLOCATION

107

if (navigator.geolocation) {

navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition
(show_coordinates);

function show_coordinates(position){

alert('Your latitude is ' + position.coords.latitude + ' ' +

'and your longitude is ' + position.coords.longitude +
'.');

}
}

...or use Modernizr!
112

http://github.com/teleject/HTML5-GeoLocation-jQuery-Plugin
114

<div class="vcard">

<a class="url fn n" href="http://www.theqcard.com/">

<span class="given-name">Jane</span>

<span class="additional-name"></span>

<span class="family-name">Smith</span>

</a>

<div class="org">Old School BBQ and Grill</div>

<div class="adr">

<div class="street-address">2907 E MLK Jr Blvd.</div>

<span class="locality">Austin</span>,

<span class="region">TX</span>,

<span class="postal-code">78702</span>

<span class="country-name">USA</span>

</div>

<div class="tel">512-974-6830</div>

<div class="note distance">

</div> http://microformats.org/code/hcard/creator
</div>
115

<div id="locations2">

<ol>

<li></li>




...

</ol>
</div>

116

http://2010.incontrolconference.com/eats/
120

<div class="vcard">

<a class="url fn n" href="http://www.theqcard.com/">

<span class="given-name">Jane</span>

<span class="additional-name"></span>

<span class="family-name">Smith</span>

</a>

<div class="org">Old School BBQ and Grill</div>

<div class="adr" data-longitude="-97.723410" data-
latitude="30.262098">

<div class="street-address">2907 E MLK Jr Blvd.</div>

<span class="locality">Austin</span>,

<span class="region">TX</span>,

<span class="postal-code">78702</span>

<span class="country-name">USA</span>

</div>

<div class="tel">512-974-6830</div>

<div class="note distance">

</div>
http://geocoder.us/
</div> 121

$('#locations').location(

{

apiKey: 'YOUR_API_KEY_HERE',

geodata: '#geodata', // site visitor’s location

notiﬁcation: '.notiﬁcation', // progress indicator

recheck: '.recheck',

distance: '.distance', //where the distance appears

geoAdr: '.geoAdr', // longitude and latitude

listElement: 'li' // different listing element?

} );

122

<canvas id="myCanvas" width="300" height="150">
Fallback content, in case the browser does not support Canvas.
</canvas>

124

return;
}

if (!context) {
return;
}

context.strokeStyle = '#f00';
context.lineWidth = 4;

// Draw a right triangle.
context.beginPath();
context.moveTo(10, 10);
context.lineTo(100, 10);
context.ﬁll();
context.stroke();
context.closePath();
}, false);

127

return;
}

if (!context) {
return;
}

context.strokeStyle = '#f00';
context.lineWidth = 4;

// Draw a right triangle.
context.beginPath();
context.moveTo(10, 10);
context.ﬁll();
context.stroke();
context.closePath();
}, false);

129

http://ﬂickr.com/photos/dunstan/3099313036/
130

LUNAR LANDER EXAMPLE

131

BUT IS IT ACCESSIBLE?

132

ACCESSIBLE CANVAS ISSUES

• Setting user interface elements in canvas

• Setting images in canvas

• Setting text in canvas

http://www.paciellogroup.com/blog/?p=362
133

PROGRESSIVE ENHANCEMENT
& CANVAS
“Progressive enhancement is a strategy for web design that
emphasizes accessibility, semantic HTML markup, and external style
sheet and scripting technologies.”
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progressive_enhancement
134

http://www.ﬁlamentgroup.com/lab/
jquery_visualize_plugin_accessible_charts_graphs_from_tables_html5_canvas/
135

http://www.ﬁlamentgroup.com/lab/
jquery_visualize_plugin_accessible_charts_graphs_from_tables_html5_canvas/
136

<table >

<caption>My Push Ups</caption>

<thead>
<tr>

<td></td>

<th>M</th>

<th>Tu</th>

<th>W</th>

<th>Th</th>

<th>F</th>

<th>Sa</th>
</tr>

</thead>

<tbody>
<tr>

<th>Chris</th>

<td>56</td>

<td>30</td>

<td>50</td>

<td>0</td>

<td>45</td>

<td>120</td>

<td>0</td>
</tr>

</tbody>
</table>

137

$(function(){



});
</script>

141

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb250524(VS.85).aspx
142

script><![endif]-->
<script type="text/javascript"
src="visualize.jQuery.js"></script>
$(function(){



});
</script>

143

script><![endif]-->
$(function(){



});
</script>

144

table.accessHide {
position: absolute;
left: -999999px;
}
table { height: 100px; width: 250px;}

145

script><![endif]-->
$(function(){



});
</script>

146

http://ﬂickr.com/photos/dunstan/3099313036/
148

XHTML, ...I THINK I WANT TO SEE
ANOTHER MARKUP SPEC.
149

TAKE AWAYS

• New HTML5 elements for improved semantics

• HTML5 Audio

• HTML5 Video

• Online video with HTML+JS captioning

• HTML5 Geolocation

150

RECOMMENDED

Design for Web Applications by Matt May and Wendy
• Universal
Chisholm

• Bulletproof Ajax by Jeremy Keith

• Designing with Progressive Enhancement by Filament Group

• Microformats Made Simple by Emily Lewis

• HTML5 Cookbook by a whole bunch of people!

151

UPCOMING E4H EVENTS
• Online, live 3rd Annual CSS Summit on July 26-27th

• http://CSSsummit.com/

• Online, live Mobile JavaScript Summit on Aug. 30th

• http://MobileJSsummit.com/

• Online, live 2nd Annual Accessibility Summit on Sept. 27th

• http://a11ysummit.com/

• SAVE 20% off with “PSUWEB” discount code
152

THANK YOU!
Christopher Schmitt
schmitt@heatvision.com
http://twitter.com/teleject
153

[PSU Web 2011] HTML5 Design

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