A lecture at the Aalto Global Impact / World Bank Training Program on Innovation Policy for ICT.

1. The wisdom of Motivated Crowds and use of new
media in creating services & products
Teemu Leinonen

2. Teemu Leinonen
Dr. Associate Professor
New Media Design and
Learning
Designer:
web/ mobile and learning
Education / learning science
> New Media > Design >
Design Methodology

3. New Media Design and Learning
Why design?
What is design?

4. Designer / artist
. . . focuses on experiences,
. . . the future experiences,
. . . to design them.

5. 1. What is New Media?
2. Wisdom of Motivated Crowds
3. Epilogue

6. 1. What is New Media?
2. Wisdom of Motivated Crowds
3. Epilogue

7. 1990’s
Story: Me and New Media

8. 1991

9. 1990’s

10. 1990’s
katele$ spss
katele$ mail psraah@uta.fi
Subject: This is an email
Hi Rami.
This is an email. You can send these
with a command “mail username@uta.fi”
I think you can reply with command “R”.
-Teemu
.
katele$ irc
katele$ talk psraah
katele$ news

11. New Media:
Convergence of three “areas” and the
emergency of the “new”
“Holy Trinity of the New Media”
http://flosse.blogging.fi/2009/12/23/
what-is-new-media-three-bubbles-and-emergence-of-the-new/

12. (Leinonen 2009, 2010)

13. 1. What is New Media?
2. Wisdom of Motivated Crowds
3. Epilogue

14. 1. What is New Media?
2. Wisdom of Motivated Crowds
3. Epilogue

15. Book release (June 1st 2012):
Towards Peer-production in Public Services:
cases from Finland
Edited by:
Andrea Botero, Andrew Gryf Paterson and Joanna Saad-Sulonen
Download: http://co-p2p.mlog.taik.fi/

18. Wisdom of Motivated Crowds
Case 1: Wikipedia

19. wiki
- World Wide Web (WWW) site that can be
modified or contributed to by users.
(Source: Encyclopædia Britannica)

20. • Word largest encyclopedia – ever!
• 270+ languages
• 20 000 000+ articles
• English: 3 900 000
• FI: 300 000 / SV: 500 000 / ET: 100 000
• One of the world’s top 10 websites
• English Wikipedia over 130 000 active users.
• FI: 1900
• English Wikipedia 1500 Administrators
• FI: 50 / SV: 90 / ET: 40
(Source: Wikimedia Foundation 2012)

21. Why is there Wikipedia?

23. Wikipedia in a global context

24. Over 1 million articles:
English, German, French, Dutch
Over 700 000 articles:
Italian, Polish, Spanish, Russian, Japanese, Portugese
Use of Wikipedia(s)
54% English 4% Russian
10% Japanese 4% French
8% German 3% Italian
5% Spanish
(Source: Wikimedia Foundation 2012)

25. 0,30%
94 languages
Top 8 = 50,93% English 17,95%
German 6,39%
French 5,68%
Dutch 4,73%
Italian 4,18%
Polish 4,07% N= 284 languges;
Spanish 4,04% 22,064,929 articles
Russian 3,88%
(Source: Wikimedia Foundation 2012)

26. Hawaiian, Kalmyk, Lingala, Kinyarwanda,
Pennsylvania German, Palatinate German,
Karachay-Balkar, Crimean Tatar, Emilian-
Romagnol, Acehnese, Guarani, Tongan,
Chechen, Greenlandic, Assyrian Neo-
Aramaic, Erzya, Lower Sorbian, Banjar,
0,30% Papiamentu, Assamese, Tok Pisin, Lak,
Vepsian, Wolof, Moksha, Lojban, Kabyle,
Avar, Zamboanga Chavacano, Shona,
Tahitian, Sranan, Lao, Kabardian Circassian,
Abkhazian, Lezgian, Mirandese, Latgalian,
94 languages Igbo, Nauruan, Kongo, Tetum, Zhuang,
Karakalpak, Northern Sotho, Zulu, Romani,
Old Church Slavonic, Tswana, Cherokee,
Samoan, Bislama, Moldovan, Bambara,
Inuktitut, Inupiak, Norfolk, Swati, Cheyenne,
Sindhi, Gothic, Pontic, Min Dong, Ewe,
Hausa, Tigrinya, Buryat (Russia), Oromo,
Kashmiri, Tsonga, Venda, Sango, Kirundi,
Dzongkha, Cree, Kikuyu, Luganda, Akan,
Tumbuka, Fijian, Sesotho, Chamorro,
Chichewa, Fula, Xhosa, Twi, Ndonga,
Sichuan Yi, Choctaw, Marshallese, Afar,
(Source: Wikimedia Foundation 2012) Kuanyama, Hiri Motu, Muscogee, Kanuri

28. English Wikipedia
7,4 billion page views / month
= 249 million/ day
= 173 000 / minute
= 2 900 / second
About 1000 new articles / month
3 376 001 edits / month
= 1,2 edits / second
(Source: Wikimedia Foundation 2012)

29. It is not only Wikipedia
it is Wikimedia

31. Wiktionary - a dictionary in all the
languages of the world
Wikiquote – a collection of quotations from
famous people, books and speeches
Wikibooks - a collection of free study and
textbooks
Wikisource – multilingual collection of texts
that could be distributed as free and open
content

32. Wikispecies - directory of the world species
Wikinews – free news service
Wikimedia Commons - collection of free
photographs, diagrams, maps, videos,
animations, music, sounds, spoken texts,
and other free media
Wikiversity – a site for learning materials
and learning communities

33. Why these projects?

34. Wikispecies
- directory of the world species

36. Why not a directory of the puppets
of the Muppet Show?

38. Why?

39. Editorial decisions

40. Mission
The mission of the Wikimedia Foundation is to empower
and engage people around the world to collect and
develop educational content under a free license or in
the public domain, and to disseminate it effectively and
globally.
In collaboration with a network of chapters, the
Foundation provides the essential infrastructure and an
organizational framework for the support and
development of multilingual wiki projects and other
endeavors which serve this mission. The Foundation will
make and keep useful information from its projects
available on the Internet free of charge, in perpetuity.

41. Vision
Imagine a world in which every single human
being can freely share in the sum of all
knowledge.
That's our commitment.

42. Why Wikimedia is important?

43. Lack of media
(access to media)
=
lack of education
=
many things that are not nice
(like: poverty, wars, no respect of human rights,
crimes, abuse, civil conflicts, lack of democracy etc.)

44. How?

45. Strict commitment to . . .
free content,
free standards,
and
free software.

46. Why?

47. Read the Mission and Vision

48. How Wikipedia works in practice?

49. Photo by:
Università Reggio Calabria

50. Wisdom of the crowd
or
Wisdom of the motivated crowds ?

53. Because we can.

54. Motivation:
What makes people to act?
• Desire to influence • Desire to obey a traditional moral
(including leadership; code,
related to mastery), • Desire to improve society
• Desire for knowledge, (including altruism, justice),
• Desire to be autonomous, • Desire to exercise muscles,
• Desire for social standing • Desire for sex (including courting),
(including desire for • Desire to raise own children,
attention), • Desire to organize (including desire
• Desire for peer for ritual),
companionship (desire to • Desire to eat,
play), • Desire for approval,
• Desire to get even • Desire to avoid anxiety, fear,
(including desire to • Desire to collect, value of frugality
compete, to win),
Reiss 2004

55. In Wikipedia
different desires meet and
have a place and time to become true.

56. Wisdom of Motivated Crowds
Case 2: Restaurant Day
Case 3: Cleaning Day

59. 1. What is New Media?
2. Wisdom of Motivated Crowds
3. Epilogue

60. 1. What is New Media?
2. Wisdom of Motivated Crowds
3. Epilogue

61. Think Linux
Source: Engeström, J. 2005 / 2006

62. Think Wikipedia

63. Think Skype

64. Think Blogs

65. All these are projects
started by individuals
in the open and free Internet.

66. Thank you.