Chronology & Constitution. ROC (Taiwan) Yearbook 2011 Appendices chronology constitution

Appendices
Treasuring the earth’s resources is the common responsibility
of all inhabitants of the global village.

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Appendix I
Chronology: 2010
Jan. 5 — The Legislative Yuan passes an Freedom in the World report, listing
amendment to the Act Governing Taiwan as one of the freest countries
Food Sanitation 食品衛生管理法, ban- whose people enjoy a high degree of
ning the import of cow parts from ar- political rights and civil liberties.
eas where mad cow disease has been 18 — The Legislative Yuan passes amend-
documented within the past decade. ments to the Local Government Act
— The Legislative Yuan passes the Hak- 地方制度法, clearing the way for year-
ka Basic Act 客家基本法 to promote end elections in the nation’s special
Hakka language and culture. municipalities.
7 — The Legislative Yuan passes an 20 — In the 2010 Index of Economic Free-
amendment to the Political Donations dom, released jointly by The Heritage
Act 政治獻金法 that relaxes restrictions Foundation and The Wall Street Jour-
on small-sum anonymous campaign nal, the ROC is ranked as having the
donations, revising the proportion of world’s 27th freest economy, a leap
such donations to a political party, over 2009, when it ranked 35th.
group or candidate from 10 percent to 24 — An ROC C-130 Hercules transport
30 percent of total donations. aircraft carrying medical supplies for
— The Legislative Yuan passes an earthquake victims in Haiti lands at
amendment to the Insurance Act 保險 San Isidro Air Base in the Dominican
法, prohibiting the payment of death Republic.
benefits for children who die under 27 — The Taipei International Book Exhibi-
the age of 15. tion opens at the Taipei World Trade
— The Legislative Yuan passes the Cul- Center 臺北世界貿易中心; a record-high
tural and Creative Industries Act 文化 58 countries and regions participate.
創意產業發展法, requiring the govern- — The Ministry of Economic Affairs
ment to promote the development of approves the first large-sum invest-
the arts through tax rebates, discounts ment in Taiwan by a state-run main-
and subsidies. land Chinese company—Yangzhou
9 — The Democratic Progressive Party Yangtze Investment and Development
(DPP) 民主進步黨 wins all three seats Group Co. Ltd. 揚子江集團—which
contested in legislative by-elections will invest approximately NT$66
in Taichung 臺中, Taoyuan 桃園 and million (US$2.09 million) to open a
Taitung 臺東 counties. restaurant in Taipei.
12 — The Legislative Yuan passes an Feb. 20 — Au Revoir, Taipei 一頁臺北 receives
amendment to the Organizational Act the Best Asian Film Award from the
of the Executive Yuan 行政院組織法, Network for the Promotion of Asian
under which the number of Cabinet- Cinema at the Berlin International
level organizations will be cut from Film Festival 2010, beating out 11
37 to 29 and comprise 14 ministries, other entries.
eight councils and commissions, three 27 — The DPP wins three of four seats in
independent agencies and four subor- the ROC’s legislative by-elections,
dinate bodies. taking Chiayi 嘉義 , Hsinchu 新竹
— The U.S.-based human rights organiza- and Taoyuan 桃園 counties, while
tion Freedom House releases its 2010 the Kuomintang (KMT) 中國國

496

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Chronology: 2010

民黨 retains the Hualien County 花蓮妥速審判法 to ensure that defendants
縣 seat. in criminal cases are brought to trial
28 — The Taipei Jingmei Girls High School as quickly as possible.
臺北市立景美女子高級中學 tug-of-war 30 — The ROC and Japan sign a memo-
team out-pulls rivals from around the randum of understanding in Taipei
globe to win gold in the 540-kilogram to strengthen cooperation in a wide
category at the World Indoor Champi- range of areas, including global
onships in Italy. warming, disaster prevention and
Mar. 10 — ROC baker Wu Pao-chun 吳寶春 wins fighting international crime.
the title of Master Baker in the bread May 4 — The Taiwan Strait Tourism Associa-
category at the Bakery World Cup in tion (TSTA) 臺灣海峽兩岸觀光旅遊協
France. 會, Taiwan’s first semi-official agency in
21 — President Ma Ying-jeou embarks the mainland, opens an office in Beijing.
on a seven-day trip to Kiribati, the 7 — The TSTA’s mainland counterpart, the
Marshall Islands, Nauru, Palau, the Cross-Strait Tourism Exchange Asso-
Solomon Islands and Tuvalu, all ROC ciation 海峽兩岸旅遊交流協會, launches
diplomatic allies in the South Pacific. operations in Taipei.
Apr. 1 — The Hong Kong-Taiwan Economic 10 — Chen Shu-chu 陳樹菊, a 61-year-old
and Cultural Co-operation and Pro- vegetable vendor in eastern Taiwan, is
motion Council (ECCPC) 港台經濟 named one of the 100 most influential
文化合作協進會, whose mission is to people in the world by Time magazine
facilitate relations between the two for her extraordinary generosity.
sides, is formally inaugurated. — Kaohsiung 高雄, Taiwan, and Xiamen
— Across Taiwan, the Easycard 悠遊廈門, mainland China, forge closer
卡, a stored-value card that had been management and logistical ties by
used only for public transit, can now signing a port agreement.
be used to pay for purchases at over 14 — Students from the ROC collect one
10,000 retail locations. top prize, five third-place honors and
6 — Taipei and Shanghai ink four memo- a fourth-place prize in categories
randums of understanding that cover ranging from animal and mathemati-
cultural exchanges, tourism, technology cal science to chemistry and electrical
parks and environmental protection. and mechanical engineering at the
9 — ROC men and women’s tug-of-war Intel International Science and Engi-
teams out-pull rivals to win gold at neering Fair in California.
the Asian Tug-of-War Championships 15 — Students from the ROC capture 18
in South Korea. gold, 22 silver and four bronze med-
16 — The ROC signs a working holiday als at the 21st International Invention,
pact with Canada. Innovation and Technology Exhibi-
21 — The Taipei Culture Center 臺北文化中 tion in Malaysia.
心, which promotes cultural exchang- 17 — Health Minister Yaung Chih-liang 楊
es between the ROC and Japan, opens 志良 leads an ROC delegation that
in Tokyo. takes part in the 63rd World Health
23 — The Legislative Yuan passes the Fair Assembly as an observer under the
and Speedy Criminal Trials Act 刑事 name “Chinese Taipei.”

497


Appendix I
— The Asia-Pacific Economic Coop- 28 — In the greatest upset at Wimbledon
eration (APEC) Business Advisory 2010, Taiwan’s Lu Yen-hsun 盧彥勳 de-
Council begins its five-day second feats fifth-seed U.S. player Andy Rod-
meeting of the year in Taipei. dick, earning a spot in the quarterfinals.
18 — The Legislative Yuan passes the 29 — Taipei and Beijing sign the landmark
Environmental Education Act 環境教 Cross-Straits Economic Cooperation
育法, which makes coursework on en- Framework Agreement (ECFA) 海峽
vironmental issues mandatory starting 兩岸經濟合作架構協議 and the Intellec-
in 2011. tual Property Rights Protection and Co-
— The 2010 World Competitiveness Year- operation Agreement (IPR Agreement)
book, published by the Switzerland- 智慧財產權保護合作協議 following talks
based International Institute for in Chongqing 重慶, mainland China,
Management Development, ranks the between Taiwan’s Straits Exchange
ROC the world’s eighth-most com- Foundation (SEF) 海基會 and its
petitive economy. mainland Chinese counterpart, the
24 — The APEC SME Crisis Management Association for Relations Across the
Center, devoted to helping members’ Taiwan Straits (ARATS) 海協會.
small and medium-sized enterprises 30 — Marshall Islands President Jurelang
prepare for future economic crises, Zedkaia and his entourage arrive in
opens in Taipei. the ROC for a six-day state visit.
26 — The Taiwan-Hong Kong Economic July 1 — The Cabinet approves the pacts
and Cultural Co-operation Council signed on June 29 between Taiwan’s
( E C C C ) 臺港經濟文化合作策進會, SEF and mainland China’s ARATS.
Taiwan’s counterpart to Hong Kong’s 4 — Huang You-di 黃友棣, composer of
ECCPC, begins operations. over 2,000 songs and one of the most
June 1 — The Legislative Yuan approves influential 20th-century Chinese-
amendments to the Labor Union Act language musicians, dies in Kao
工會法, securing the right to form hsiung City 高雄市 at the age of 98.
unions for millions of workers, in- 11 — The Taiwan-Israel Chamber of Com-
cluding teachers. m e r c e 臺灣以色列商業文化促進會 i s
8 — The Sydney-based Institute for Eco- established in Taipei to promote
nomics and Peace ranks the ROC the trade, culture, education and tourism
35th-most peaceful country out of between the two countries.
149 nations measured in the Global 24 — Doris Chen 陳彥寧 becomes the first
Peace Index, up two slots from 2009. golfer from Taiwan to win the U.S.
— The ROC and The Gambia sign a Girls’ Junior Championship.
bilateral Investment Promotion and 27 — The ROC reaffirms its sovereignty
Protection Agreement aimed at ex- over the Dongsha Islands 東沙群島
panding economic cooperation be- (also known as the Pratas Islands)
tween the two countries. in the South China Sea by opening a
24 — Officials from Taiwan and mainland Marine National Park Headquarters
China agree on an “early harvest” list 海洋國家公園管理處 office on the coral
of goods and services subject to tariff atoll.
cuts. Beijing grants tariff reductions Aug. 1 — Taiwan’s Yani Tseng 曾雅妮 wins the
on some 500 items from Taiwan, Women’s British Open, becoming
while Taipei offers similar treatment the youngest player ever to have won
for roughly 200 mainland Chinese three Ladies Professional Golf Asso-
products. ciation (LPGA) majors.

498


Chronology: 2010

— Chinese Taipei wins the 2010 World 16 — The World Trade Organization rates
Junior Baseball Championship in Taiwan as the world’s 16th-largest
Canada, its first gold medal in 27 exporter and 17th-largest importer in
years at the under-18 international the first half of 2010.
competition, sponsored by the Inter- 23 — The Cabinet-level Financial Supervi-
national Baseball Federation. sory Commission 行政院金融監督管理
17 — The Legislative Yuan ratifies the 委員會 authorizes mainland China’s
ECFA. Bank of China 中國銀行 and Bank
19 — The Legislative Yuan amends three of Communications 交通銀行 to set
acts, allowing mainland Chinese stu- up representative offices in Taiwan,
dents to study in Taiwan’s universi- marking the first time mainland
ties and recognizing higher education banks receive approval to operate in
degrees from the mainland. Taiwan.
21 — The Chongqing Junior High School 27 — ROC senior high school students win
重慶國中 baseball team wins the three golds and one silver at the 2010
Junior League World Series in the International Earth Science Olympiad
United States. This is the ROC’s 18th in Indonesia.
title at a Little League Baseball Inc.- Oct. 11 — After signing an agreement with Ger-
sponsored tournament and its first many, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
since returning to tournament play in unveils a reciprocal working holiday
2010 after withdrawing from compe- program for people aged 18 to 30.
tition in 1997. 21 — Typhoon Megi 梅姬颱風 delivers
26 — A team of ROC junior all-stars wins record-breaking rainfall for a single
the 2010 Asian “AA” Baseball Cham- day to the plains of eastern Taiwan,
pionship in Thailand. flooding Su-ao 蘇澳, Yilan County 宜
30 — First lady Chow Mei-ching 周美青 ar- 蘭縣. Several people are killed by a
rives in Haiti on a two-day humanitar- landslide triggered by the rains.
ian mission to the earthquake-stricken 31 — The ROC wins the team champion-
nation. ship among 37 participating nations
31 — The ROC and Australia sign a memo- at the iENA International Trade Fair
randum of understanding to cooperate in Germany, taking 27 gold, 32 silver
on promoting green energy industries and 23 bronze medals.
and technologies. — Airplanes begin traveling between
Sept. 9 — The ROC is ranked the world’s 13th- Taipei International Airport 臺北國際
most competitive economy out of 139 航空站 (Songshan Airport) and Tokyo
surveyed in the annual Global Com- International Airport (Haneda Air-
petitiveness Report released by the port) for the first time in over three
World Economic Forum. decades.
12 — Two landmark agreements between Nov. 6 — The 2010 Taipei International Flora
Taiwan and mainland China—the ECFA Exposition 臺北國際花卉博覽會 begins.
and the IPR Agreement—take effect. Fifty-nine cities and 86 organizations
14 — The ROC reaffirms its sovereignty from 31 countries are expected to
over the Diaoyutai Islands 釣魚臺列嶼 participate in the event by the time it
following a Sept. 13 standoff between closes April 25, 2011.
an ROC fishing vessel and a flotilla of 7 — Students from the ROC competing
Japanese patrol boats in waters off the against 1,200 others from over 20
disputed archipelago. countries win a total of nine medals

499


Appendix I
at the 2010 World Robot Olympiad Dec. 2 — Former President Chen Shui-bian be-
in the Philippines. gins serving his sentence for corrup-
8 — The Legislative Yuan passes the Act tion and money laundering at Taipei
Governing Breastfeeding in Public Prison 法務部矯正署臺北監獄.
Places 公共場所母乳哺育條例, protect- 5 — Yani Tseng wins the LPGA Player of
ing women’s right to breastfeed in the Year 2010 award in the United
public while providing a legal basis States, becoming the first golfer from
for the establishment of nursing Taiwan to be so honored.
rooms in public places and enacting — Taiwan’s athletes win a record total of
fines for those who attempt to prevent three gold, two silver and four bronze
breastfeeding. medals at the 2010 Asian Extreme
11 — The Supreme Court upholds a lower Sports Championships in Taipei.
court’s guilty verdict for former — The ROC delegation to the 6th Seoul
President Chen Shui-bian 陳水扁 and International Invention Fair picks up a
his wife for cases of graft involving total of 33 gold, 32 silver and 32 bronze
a land acquisition deal in Longtan medals, as well as three special awards
Township 龍潭鄉, Taoyuan County, in a competition involving 36 countries
and the appointment of the Grand Ca- displaying over 650 inventions.
thay Securities 大華證券 chairperson 11 — The ROC’s delegation of six students
during Chen’s presidency. is named the top winner at the 2010
16 — The Legislative Yuan passes the Ge- International Junior Science Olym-
ology Act 地質法, requiring the taking piad in Nigeria, where a total of 180
of a nationwide geological survey and students under 16 years of age from
a public disclosure of unstable areas. 35 countries test their understanding
Geological information is to be stored of mathematics, biology, physics,
in a national database and updated chemistry and geoscience.
every five years. 21 — The Cross-Strait Medical and Health
22 — Canada grants ROC nationals visa- Cooperation Agreement 兩岸醫藥衛生
free entry for up to six months. 合作協議 is signed in Taipei follow-
24 — Taiwanese and French scientists ing a sixth round of talks between
jointly share the 2010 Taiwan-France Taiwan’s SEF and mainland China’s
Science and Technology Award pre- ARATS.
sented by the Fondation Scientifique 22 — The European Union announces that,
Franco-Taiwanaise for nanotechnol- starting Jan. 11, 2011, ROC nationals
ogy research on interactions between will be allowed visa-free entry to 35
silicon carbide and oxygen. European nations and territories for
27 — The first elections of mayors, coun- periods of up to 90 days.
cilors and ward chiefs of five special 24 — The Ministry of Economic Affairs
municipalities are held. The KMT kicks off an initiative to install the
wins in Taipei, New Taipei 新北市 and nation’s first low-voltage smart-meter
Taichung cities, while the DPP takes systems, allowing a sampling of cus-
the mayoralties of Tainan 臺南市 and tomers to keep tabs on their electric-
Kaohsiung. ity usage online.
— Taiwan pockets 13 gold, 16 silver and 25 — Mayors and city councilors of the
38 bronze medals at the Asian Games nation’s five special municipalities,
in Guangzhou 廣州, mainland China, which altogether account for roughly
its second-biggest gold medal haul ever 60 percent of the nation’s population,
and best performance in 12 years. are sworn in.

500


Chronology: 2010

28 — The ROC baseball team clinches its — The ROC’s Penghu Islands 澎湖群島
fifth straight title at the 6th Asian Little are named one of the 10 best secret
League Championships in Japan. island groups in travel publisher
29 — An ROC-Hungary treaty eliminat- Lonely Planet’s Best in Travel 2011
ing double taxation between the two guide. The book praises the beauty
countries takes effect. Under the of the islands, their nostalgic feel
agreement, investors pay taxes only and their green turtle breeding
in their main country of operation. sites.

501


Appendix II
Chronology: 1911-2009
1911 the Second Revolution against Yuan’s
Oct. 10 — A revolt against Qing dynasty 清朝 dictatorial rule.
erupts in Wuchang 武昌 and is fol- Oct. 6 — Yuan forces the parliament to elect
lowed by revolutionary activities him president.
throughout China. The string of up- 10 — Yuan formally assumes the presidency.
risings which ultimately overthrew
the Qing court were referred histori- 1914
cally as the Xinhai Revolution 辛亥 May 1 — Yuan annuls the provisional constituion.
t
革命. June 23 — The KMT is reorganized as the
Dec. 29 — Dr. Sun Yat-sen 孫中山 is elected Chinese Revolutionary Party 中華
by delegates across China as provi- 革命黨 in Tokyo. Dr. Sun is elected
sional president of the new republic director-general.
to be founded in 1912. Aug. 6 — Yuan declares China’s neutrality in
World War I.
1912
Sept. 2 — Japanese troops land at Longkou
Jan. 1 — The Republic of China (ROC) is 龍口, Shandong Province 山東省,
founded, with Dr. Sun as the first in preparation for an invasion of
pro isional president.
v German-controlled Qingdao 青島
— The Gregorian calendar replaces the following Japan’s alliance with Brit-
lunar calendar in the ROC. ain against Germany in World War I.
28 — A provisional parliament is estab- Japan gains de facto control over the
lished in Nanjing. region which later evolves into the
Feb. 12 — Aisin-Gioro Puyi 愛新覺羅．溥儀 ab- Shandong dispute.
dicates as emperor, endng the rule
i
of the Qing dynasty. 1915
13 — Dr. Sun tenders his resignation to the
provisional parliament. Jan. 18 — Japan presents the notorious Twenty-
15 — Yuan Shi-kai 袁世凱 is elected pro- one De ands 二十一條要求 to the
m
visional president by the provisional Beijing government in an attempt
parliament. to establish political and economic
Mar. 10 — Yuan Shi-kai assumes the provision- domination over China.
al presidency in Beijing. m
May 25 — The Sino-Japanese Agree ent (the
11 — A p r o v i s i o n a l c o n s t i t u t i o n i s Twenty-one Demands) is signed.
promul ated.
g Dec. 12 — Yuan proclaims himself emperor.
Apr. 2 — The provisional parliament resolves 25 — Cai E 蔡鍔, Tang Ji-yao 唐繼堯 and Li
to move the seat of the government Lie-jun revolt against Yuan in Yun-
to Beijing. nan Province 雲南省.
Aug. 25 — The Revolutionary Alliance 中國同盟
會 is reorganized as the Kuomintang 1916
(KMT) 國民黨. Mar. 22 — Yuan is forced to forsake his monar-
1913 chical reign, and the republican form
Apr. 6 — The provisional parliament is dissolved. of government is restored.
8 — The Republic’s first parliament is June 6 — Yuan dies at the age of 58.
convened. 7 — Li Yuan-hong 黎元洪 becomes presi-
May 2 — The United States recognizes the ROC. dent of the Beijing government.
July 12 — Li Lie-jun 李烈鈞 of the KMT starts Oct. 31 — Huang Xing 黃興, leader of the Xinhai

502

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Revolution that overthrew the Qing faction and Zhang Zuo-lin 張作霖 of
dynasty, dies at the age of 42. the Fengtian 奉天 faction join forces
to fight against Duan Qi-rui 段祺瑞
1917 of the Anhui faction.
July 12 — An attempted coup d’état by Zhang
Xun 張勳 to restore the Qing dynasty 1921
fails. May 5 — Dr. Sun assumes the presi ency of
d
Aug. 14 — The Beijing government joins the Al- the newly formed southern govern-
lies in World War I and declares war ment in Guangzhou.
on Germany and Austro-Hungary. July 23 — The Chinese Communist Party 中國
25 — Dr. Sun forms a military government 共產黨 holds its first congress.
in Guangzhou 廣州.
Sept. 1 — The special parliamentary assembly 1922
elects Dr. Sun as generalissimo of
Feb. 4 — China signs an agreement with Japan
the Chinese Military Government.
in Washington to settle the Shandong
dispute.
1918
Apr. 28 — War between Wu Pei-fu 吳佩孚 of the
Sept. 4 — The An-Fu Clique Parliament 安福國 Zhili faction and Zhang Zuo-lin of
會 in the north elects Xu Shi-chang the Fengtian faction breaks out.
徐世昌 presi ent.
d June 2 — Xu Shi-chang resigns as president of
Nov. 23 — The Ministry of Education adopts the Beijing government.
the National Phonetic Symbols. 11 — Li Yuan-hong resumes the presi-
dency in Beijing.
1919 l6 — Chen Jiong-ming 陳炯明 revolts
Apr. 30 — The Paris Peace Conference allows against Dr. Sun.
Ja an to take over Germany’s pre-
p Aug. 15 — Dr. Sun issues a manifesto urging
war rights in Shandong Province. the unification of China by peaceful
May 4 — More than 3,000 students demon- means.
strate in Beijing against the Paris
Peace Con erence decision.
f 1923
June 28 — China refuses to sign the Versailles Jan. 26 — Dr. Sun and Adolf Joffe, representa-
Treaty on grounds that German tive of the Soviet Communist Party,
rights in Shandong were given to issue a joint statement declaring that
Japan. neither the Communist social order
Oct. 10 — The Chinese Revolutionary Party is nor the Soviet system is suitable for
reorganzed as the Chinese National-
i China.
ist Party 中國國民黨 (abbreviated as
Nationalist Party, or KMT). 1924
Jan. 20 — The first National Congress of the
1920 KMT in Guangzhou adopts a policy
June 29 — China joins the League of Nations. of cooperation with the Soviet Union
July 14 — With various parts of China ruled and the Chinese Communist Party.
by local warlords, war erupts be- May 3 — Chiang Kai-shek 蔣中正 is appointed
tween the Zhili 直隸 and Anhui 安徽 superin endent of the Whampoa
t
factions. Cao Kun 曹錕 of the Zhili Military Academy 黃埔軍校.

503


Appendix II
Sept. 17 — The second Zhili-Fengtian war Aug. 1 — The Chinese Communists stage the
breaks out, and later results in the Nanchang 南昌 Uprising against the
defeat of Wu Pei-fu and the resigna- Naional Government.
t
tion of Cao Kun. 13 — Chiang Kai shek resigns as commander-
-
22 — The design of a “white sun in a blue in-chief of the National Revolution-
sky over a crimson ground” is ad- ary Forces in order to unify the
opted as the national flag of the ROC Nanjing and Hankou factions of the
(see “National Symbols”). KMT.
Nov. 10 — Dr. Sun, in a manifesto, calls for the
early convocation of a national peo 1928
ple’s convention and the abolition of May 1 — The National Revolutionary Forces
unequal treaties. occupy Jinan 濟南.
24 — Duan Qi-rui becomes provisional 3 — Japanese troops attack the North-
chief executive in Beijing. ern Expeditionary Forces in Jinan,
touching off the May 3 (Jinan) Inci
1925 dent 五三慘案.
Mar. 12 — Dr. Sun dies in Beijing at the age of June 4 — Zhang Zuo-lin is killed on a train by
59. a bomb explosion. His son, Zhang
July 1 — The National Government 國民政府 Xue-liang 張學良, succeeds him as
is established in Guangzhou. “ruler of Manchuria 滿洲（東北） .”
Nov. 23 — The KMT proposes disciplinary 20 — Beijing is renamed Beiping 北平.
measures to restrict communist Oct. 8 — Chiang Kai-shek is elected chairman
activiies.
t of the National Government of the
ROC.
1926 10 — Chiang Kai-shek assumes the chair
manship of the National Govern ent.
m
Apr. 9 — Duan Qi-rui resigns as provisional Nov. 1 — The Central Bank of China 中央銀行
chief executive. is estabished.
l
June 5 — Chiang Kai-shek becomes commander - Dec. 5 — The Legislative Yuan (Legislature)
in-chief of the National Revolution 立法院 is formally es ablished.
t
ary Forces 國民革命軍. 29 — Zhang Xue-liang pledges allegiance
July 9 — Chiang Kai-shek launches the North to the National Government, which
ern Expedition 北伐 from Guangzhou leads to the unification of China.
to end the rule of local warlords and
unify China. 1929
May 20 — Japanese troops withdraw from
1927
Shandong Province.
Jan. 1 — Wuhan 武漢 (Wuchang, Hankou 漢 June 15 — The KMT announces that by 1935
口 and Hanyang 漢陽) is proclaimed the government plans to end the Pe-
capital of the National Government riod of Political Tutelage 訓政時期,
by a left-wing group of the KMT. a preconstitutional form of govern-
Mar. 22 — The Northern Expeditionary Forces ment which was introduced in 1928.
take over Shanghai. July 23 — The National Government severs
Apr. 13 — The KMT launches a purge within diplo atic relations with the Soviet
m
the party by expelling communist Union.
members. Dec. 28 — The Ministry of Foreign Affairs
18 — A reorganized national government (MOFA) proclaims the nulification
l
is estab ished in Nanjing by the
l of consular jurisdiction in China to
KMT. rid China of foreign privieges.
l

504



1930 18 — Ma Zhan-shan 馬占山 puts up a
Jan. 6 — The Examination Yuan 考試院 is for- stiff fight against the Japanese in
mally esablished.
t Heilongjiang Province 黑龍江省.
Apr. 1 — Yan Xi-shan 閻錫山, Feng Yu-xiang Dec. 15 — Chiang Kai-shek retires in the interest
馮玉祥 and Li Zong-ren 李宗仁 revolt of party unity.
against the National Government. 28 — Lin Sen 林森 assumes chairmanship
18 — The United Kingdom returns the of the National Government.
Weihaiwei 威海衛 naval base to
China. 1932
July 13 — Opposition seeks to set up a gov- Jan. 7 — U.S. Secretary of State Henry Stim-
ernment in Beijing under the lead- son declares that the United States
ership of Wang Jing wei 汪精衛.
- will not recognize any treaty that
Nov. 4 — Ya n X i - s h a n a n n o u n c e s h i s violates the Open Door Policy 門戶
retirement. 開放政策, which allows equal privi-
leges for countries trading within
1931 China and supports Chinese territo-
Feb. 2 — The Control Yuan 監察院 is formally rial integrity.
estabished.
l 14 — The League of Nations Com ission
m
May 5 — The National People’s Convention is established to investigate the Japa-
國民會議 is held in Nanjing under the nese invasion.
chairman hip of Chiang Kai-shek.
s 28 — Japanese naval forces attack Shang-
June 1 — The Provisional Constitution for the hai. The 19th Army Corps puts up
Period of Political Tutelage 訓政時期 stiff resistance.
約法 is promul ated.
g 30 — The National Government is moved
July 4 — Korean immigrants occupy Wan- to Luoyang 洛陽 due to the Japanese
baoshan 萬寶山 in Jilin Province 吉 invasion.
林省 at the insti ation of Japanese
g Feb. 6 — The National Military Council 軍事
militarists. 委員會 is es ablished.
t
6 — The first higher civil service examina Mar. 8 — Chiang Kai-shek becomes chairman
tion is held in Nanjing. of the National Military Council.
Sept. 18 — Japanese troops occupy Shenyang May 5 — China and Japan sign an armistice in
瀋陽 (Mukden) in a surprise attack. Shanghai.
Impor ant cities in Liaoning 遼寧
t June 28 — Chiang Kai-shek arrives in Hankou
and Jilin provnces later fall to the
i from Lushan 盧山 to direct the cam-
Japanese. paign against the Chinese Communists.
Oct. 24 — The Council of the League of Na- Dec. 1 — The National Government moves
tions adopts a resolution urging back to Nanjing.
Japan to withdraw its troops from 12 — China resumes diplomatic relations
Northeast China by Nov. 16. with the Soviet Union.
26 — Japan turns down the League’s
resolution. 1933
27 — Nanjing and Guangzhou representa- Jan. 3 — Japanese troops outside the Great
tives meet in Shanghai for peace Wall 長城 occupy Shanhaiguan 山
negotiaions and reconciliation among
t 海關.
different factions of the KMT. Feb. 14 — The League of Nations refuses to
Nov. 7 — The Chinese Communists set up a rec gnize “Manchukuo” 滿洲國.
o
So iet regime in Ruijin 瑞金, Jiangxi
v 21 — Japanese troops invade Rehe Prov-
Province 江西省. ince 熱河省. Fighting later spreads

505

2-p502-543-Appendix-II.indd 505 2011/10/21 2:40:06 AM

Appendix II
in North China. Sev ral strategic
e 1936
passes along the Great Wall 長城 fall May 5 — The government promulgates the
to the Japanese. May 5 Draft Constitution 五五憲草.
May 31 — The Sino-Japanese Tanggu Armistice Aug. 19 — The Guangxi Province 廣西省 oppo-
Agreement 塘沽協定 is signed. sition sets up an inde endent regime
p
Aug. 6 — Feng Yu-xiang announces that his re- in Guilin 桂林.
volt at Kalgan Pass 張家口 has failed. Sept. 16 — The Guangxi problem is settled. Li
Nov. 20 — Leaders of the 19th Army Corps Zong-ren assumes office as com
form a “people’s government” in mander of the Guangxi Pacification
Fujian Province 福建省. Headquarters.
Dec. 4 — Chiang Kai-shek leaves Luoyang for
1934 Xian by air.
Feb. 19 — Chiang Kai-shek launches the New 12 — Zhang Xue-liang’s troops mutiny in
Life Movement 新生活運動 in Nan- Xian and hold Chiang Kai-shek and
chang 南昌. other ranking government officials
Mar. 1 — Henry Puyi (Aisin-Gioro Puyi) is en- hostage.
throned as “emperor of Manchukuo” 22 — Madame Chiang 蔣夫人, accom-
in Changchun 長春 by the Japanese panied by W. H. Donald and T.V.
militarists. Soong (Sung Tzu wen) 宋子文, fly to
-
Oct. 10 — The main forces of the Chinese Xian.
Com unist troops flee their bases in
m 25 — Zhang Xue-liang accompanies Gen
Jiangxi Province to the northwest, eralissimo Chiang Kai-shek and
launching “Long March” 長征. Mad me Chiang to Luoyang, en
a
Nov. 10 — Government troops capture Ruijin, route to Nanjing.
the communist capital in Jiangxi
Province. 1937
July 7 — Japanese troops near Marco Polo
1935 Bridge 盧溝橋, southwest of Beijing,
Oct. 2 — Chiang Kai-shek is appointed attack Wanping County 宛平縣 at
com ander-in-chief of the North-
m night, formally starting the Second
western Communist-Suppression Sino-Japanese War (or War of Re-
Army and Zhang Xue-liang, deputy sistance Against Japan), which lasts
com ander-in-chief, with headquar-
m until 1945.
ters in Xian 西安. 17 — In a speech at Guling 牯嶺, Chiang
Nov. 3 — The National Government proclaims Kai-shek lays down four conditions
the nationalization of all silver, mak- for settle ent of the Marco Polo
m
ing notes issued by the Central Bank Bridge Incident 盧溝橋事變.
of China, the Bank of China and 26 — The Japanese consul in Tianjin 天津
the Bank of Communicaions legal
t sends an ultimatum to Song Zhe-yuan
tender. 宋哲元, Chi ese commander in the
n
19 — Chiang Kai-shek, while comment- Hebei-Chahaer 河北-察哈爾 area, de-
ing on the Japanese aggression at manding that Chinese troops evacuate
the fourth plenary session of the from Beijing and its vicinities. Song
Fifth National Congress of the KMT, orders his 29th Army Corps to resist.
says that hope for peace should not 27 — Japanese troops attack Beijing.
be abandoned and that there should 28 — Beijing falls.
be no talk about sacrifice until and 30 — Chinese troops evacuate from
unless sacrifice becomes absolutely Tianjin.
necessary. Aug. 13 — Japanese troops attack Shanghai.

506



21 — China and the Soviet Union sign a guiding principles for the settlement of
non- ggression treaty in Nanjing.
a the Sino-Japanese conflict and the es-
Sept. 28 — The League of Nations adopts a tablishment of a new order in East Asia.
resolu ion denouncing Japan’s ag-
t 26 — Chiang Kai-shek reiterates China’s de
gression in China. termination to carry on the war of re-
Oct. 6 — The U.S. State Department con- sistance against Japan and charges that
demns Japan’s invasion of China. Konoye’s statement clearly re eals
v
7 — The League of Nations adopts a Japan’s ambition to take over China.
resolu ion pledging moral support
t
for China. 1939
30 — The National Government decides Jan. 28 — The fifth plenary session of the Fifth
to move the capital from Nanjing to Central Committee of the KMT de-
Chongqing 重慶. cides to create a Supreme National
Nov. 3 — China presents her case at The Nine Defense Council 國防最高委員會 with
Power Treaty Conference 九國公約會 Chiang Kai-shek as chairman.
議 in Brussels. Nov. 20 — Chairman Chiang Kai-shek is ap-
11 — Chinese forces evacuate from pointed to the concurrent post of
Shanghai. president of the Executive Yuan 行政院.
Dec. 13 — Japanese troops occupy Nanjing.
1940

1938 Mar. 29 — Wang Jing-wei establishes a puppet
regime in Nanjing, which is recog
Mar. 28 — The MOFA issues a statement de- nized by Japan on Nov. 30.
nouncing the “Reform Government 30 — The MOFA declares the Nanjing
of China,” a puppet regime set up by puppet regime illegal.
the Japanese in Nanjing. Sept. 6 — Chongqing is proclaimed provisional
31 — The Emergency National Congress of ocapital of China
the KMT in Wuchang elects Chiang
Kai-shek as its director-gen ral and
e 1941
decides to organize a People’s Po-
Jan. 4 — The Communist New Fourth Army
litical Council and a San-min-zhu- 新四軍 revolts against the National
yi (Three Principles of the People) Govern ent.
m
Youth Corps 三民主義青年團. 15 — The revolt of the Communist New
Apr. 7 — Chinese troops score a major victory Fourth Army is suppressed.
over Japan in Taierzhuang 臺兒莊. Mar. 1 — The first session of the Second Peo
July 6 — The first session of the People’s Politi ple’s Political Council is convened
cal Council 國民參政會 opens in Han- in Chongqing.
kou and adopts a program of armed Apr. 14 — Condemning the Soviet-Japanese
resistance and national reconstruction. t
Neu rality Pact, Foreign Minister
9 — The San-min-zhu-yi Youth Corps is Wang Chong-hui 王寵惠 declares that
es ablished with Chiang Kai-shek
t Outer Mon olia and the northeastern
g
as head. provinces are Chinese territory and
Oct. 25 — Chinese troops evacuate from that the Soviet-Japanese statement is
Wuchang and Hankou. not bindng on China.
i
Dec. 18 — Wang Jing-wei deserts the National 17 — U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt
Government and leaves Chongqing approves the first military aid pro-
for Kunming 昆明. gram of US$45 million for China.
22 — The Japanese prime minister, Prince Sept. 30 — Chinese troops win the second battle
Konoye, lays down three points as of Changsha 長沙.

507


Appendix II
Dec. 9 — China formally declares war on Japan. 1944
May 17 — Chinese and American forces lay siege
1942 to Myitkyina in northern Burma.
Jan. 2 — Chinese Expeditionary Forces enter June 16 — Chinese Expeditionary Forces cap-
Burma. ture Kaimaing in northern Burma.
3 — Generalissimo Chiang assumes of- 18 — U.S. Vice President Henry Wallace
fice as supreme commander of the vists China.
i
China Theater of War. 25 — Chinese Expeditionary Forces cap-
15 — Chinese troops win the third battle ture Mogaung in northern Burma.
of Changsha. Sept. 29 — The Chinese-American-British phase
Mar. 4 — General Joseph Stilwell arrives in of the Dumbarton Oaks Conference
Chongqing to assume duties as chief begins.
of staff of the China Theater of War Oct. 9 — China, the United States, the United
and also to take command of all Kingdom and the Union of Soviet
Ameri an armed forces in China,
c Socialist Republics promulgate the
Burma and India. draft for the Charter of the United
Apr. 19 — Chinese Expeditionary Forces cap- Nations.
ture Burma’s Yenangyaung, rescuing 29 — U.S. General Albert C. Wedemeyer
more than 7,000 British and Burmese is appointed chief of staff of the
troops from Japanese encirclement. China Theater of War.
June 2 — Foreign Minister T.V. Soong and
U.S. Secretary of State Cordell Hull 1945
sign the Sino-American Lend-Lease Mar. 5 — China, the United States, the United
Agree ent in Washington.
m Kingdom and the Soviet Union is-
July 4 — The China Task Force of the U.S. sue joint invitations to the Apr. 25
Army Air Corps supersedes the United Nations Conference in San
American Volunteer Group of the Francisco.
Chinese Air Force. June 26 — Representatives of 50 nations, in-
Oct. 10 — The U.S. and U.K. governments an cluding China, sign the U.N. Charter
nounce their intention to relinquish in San Francisco. The U.N. Security
extraterritoriality and related rights Council is consequently created,
in China. with China as one of the five perma-
nent members.
1943 July 26 — Chiang Kai-shek, U.S. President
Jan. 11 — China signs the new Sino-American Harry S. Truman and U.K. Prime
Treaty in Washington and the new Minister Churchill issue a joint ulti-
Sino-British Treaty in Chongqing. matum, callng for Japan’s uncondi-
i
June 14 — The Battle of West Hubei ends, with tional surren er.
d
a strategic victory for China. Aug. 9 — Soviet troops enter Manchuria.
Oct. 10 — Chiang Kai-shek is sworn in as chair 11 — The Chinese Communist headquar-
man of the National Government. ters in Yanan 延安 order communist
Nov. 23 — Chiang Kai-shek, U.S. President troops to launch an all-out revolt
Franklin D. Roosevelt and U.K. against the government.
Prime Minister Winston Churchill 14 — Japan surrenders.
confer in Cairo. — The Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship
Dec. 3 — The Joint Declaration of the Cairo and Alliance is signed in Moscow.
Con erence is issued simultaneously
f — Chiang Kai-shek invites Mao Ze-
in Chongqing, Washington and dong 毛澤東 to come to Chongqing
London. for a confer nce.
e

508



15 — The Legislative Yuan unanimously and call for the Soviet Union to with
approves the U.N. Charter. draw its forces from China.
23 — Soviet troops occupy Manchuria. Mar. 5 — The MOFA announces that China
28 — Mao Zedong, accompanied by U.S. has rejected the Soviet claim to all
Ambassador Patrick Hurley, arrives Japanese military enterprises in
in Chongqing from Yanan. Manchuria.
31 — The three northeastern provinces 13 — Government forces enter Mukden
(Man huria) are divided into nine
c folowing the evacuation of Soviet
l
provnces by the government.
i troops.
Sept. 2 — Japan’s surrender is signed on the 24 — The government postpones convoca
USS Missouri, with General Xu tion of the National Assembly set for
Yong-chang 徐永昌 signing for China. May 5, 1946.
9 — General He Ying-qin 何應欽 receives 26 — Communist troops take over Harbin
the for al surrender of Japanese
m 哈爾濱 and Qiqihar 齊齊哈爾 as the
forces in China from General Oka- Soviet forces evacuate.
mura in Nanjing. May 5 — The National Government moves
Oct. 25 — Taiwan is formally retroceded to back to Nanjing.
China after 50 years of Japanese 23 — G o v e r n m e n t t r o o p s r e c a p t u r e
rule. Changchun.
Nov. 12 — The government convokes the Na- June 6 — Chiang Kai-shek accepts General
tional Assembly 國民大會 slated for Marshall’s proposal to issue a sec-
May 5, 1946. ond cease-fire order during the 15-
22 — General George C. Marshall arrives day armistice.
in Chongqing as U.S. President Tru- July 3 — The Supreme National Defense
man’s special envoy. Coun il votes to convene the Na-
c
28 — The Big Three Foreign Ministers’ tional As embly on Nov. 12, 1946.
s
Con erence in Moscow announces
f Aug. 17 — Yanan issues a second mobilization
agree ents on a commission and al-
m order instructing all communist
lied council for Japan, the ultimate forces to launch full-scale war against
estabishment of a free Korea, and
l the government.
the with rawal of Soviet and U.S.
d Sept. 3 — Chiang Kai-shek agrees to create a
troops from China. committee of five headed by U.S.
Ambassador J. Leighton Stuart to pave
1946 the way for a coalition government.
Jan. 7 — Government and communist repre Oct. 16 — Chiang Kai-shek presents the com-
sentatives hold their first truce meetng
i munists with eight conditions for a
with General Marshall as mediaor. t naionwide cease-fire.
t
10 — The government issues a cease-fire 18 — The communists reject the govern
or er.
d ment’s latest peace offer.
— The Political Consultative Con- Nov. 4 — China and the United States sign a
f e r e n c e 政治協商會議 o p e n s i n five-year Treaty of Friendship, Com
Chongqing. merce and Navigation.
Feb. 11 — U.S. Secretary of State James Byrnes 8 — Chiang Kai-shek issues a third
makes public the Yalta Secret cease-fire.
Agree ent.
m 15 — The National Assembly officially
20 — The MOFA declares the Yalta Secret opens. Chiang Kai-shek announces
Agreement not binding on China. terminaion of KMT tutelage.
t
22 — More than 20,000 students demonstrate Dec. 25 — The National Assembly completes
against the Yalta Secret Agreement drafting the new Constitution.

509


Appendix
1947
II 29 — Li Zong-ren is elected vice president
Jan. 1 — The government promulgates the of China on the fourth ballot.
Con titution.
s May 20 — President Chiang and Vice President
8 — General Marshall leaves Nanjing for Li are sworn in.
the United States to become secre Dec. 29 — General Chen Cheng 陳誠 is ap
tary of state. pointed gov rnor of Taiwan.
e
29 — The U.S. State Department announces
abandonment of efforts to mediate 1949
between the National Government Dec. 7 — The ROC central government moves
and the communists. its headquarters to Taipei.
Feb. 28 — Rioting breaks out in Taipei 臺北, 10 — President Chiang flies from Chengdu
following an incident between po 成都 to Taipei.
lice and a ped ler who violated the
d
tobacco monopoly. 1950
Mar. 19 — Government troops capture Yanan.
Jan. 6 — Diplomatic relations with the United
May 26 — The third plenary session of the
Fourth People’s Political Council Kingdom are severed following Brit
adopts a resolution to invite commu ain’s recognition of the communist
nist mem ers to attend.
b authorities in Beijing.
June 25 — The foreign ministry reveals repeat 11 — The United Nations Security Coun
ed Soviet Union attempts to block cil rejects a Soviet proposal for the
Chi ese troops from entering Dalian
n immediate expulsion of the ROC
大連 and Port Arthur 旅順口. delegation.
July. 22 — General Albert C. Wedemeyer, U.S. 28 — The ROC declares it will not be
President Truman’s special representa bound by any agreements signed be
tive, arrives in Nanjing. tween Beijing and Moscow.
Aug. 22 — The Executive Yuan orders closure Mar. 1 — President Chiang resumes office in
of the Soviet-controlled port of Da Taipei.
lian to all foreign shipping. 7 — President Chiang nominates General
Nov. 21 — The first general election in China is Chen Cheng as president of the Ex
held. ecutive Yuan 行政院 (premier).
Dec. 25 — The National Government adopts the Apr. 5 — The Executive Yuan grants Taiwan
Constituion.
t authority to carry out self-governance
through popular elections in counties
1948 and cities within two months.
Mar. 29 — China’s first National Assembly un June 27 — U.S. President Truman orders the
der the Constitution opens with 1,629 U.S. Seventh Fleet to prevent a com
del gates attending.
e munist attack on Taiwan and asks
Apr. 18 — The first National Assembly approves, the ROC government to cease air
by a two-thirds majority, temporary and sea operations against mainland
provisions granting emergency pow China.
ers to the president during the period July 2 — A popular election for the Hualien
of the anti-communist campaign. County Council 花蓮縣議會 is held,
19 — The first National Assembly elects marking the beginning of self-
Chiang Kai-shek as China’s first governance in Taiwan.
presi ent under the new Constitution
d 31 — U.S. General Douglas MacArthur
by 2,430 out of 2,734 votes. arrives in Taipei for talks with Presi
21 — Government troops evacuate from dent Chiang.
Yanan. Aug. 10 — Karl L. Rankin arrives in Taipei

510



as chargé d’affaires of the United the second National Assembly can
States Embassy. be elected.
Nov. 24 — The government protests the pro-
1951 posal by the United States to transfer
May 1 — U.S. Major General William C. the Amami Oshima Islands to Japan.
Chase arrives in Taipei as the first
chief of the Military Assistance Ad- 1954
visory Group in Taiwan. Mar. 11 — The second session of the first Na-
25 — The Legislative Yuan adopts the tional Assembly approves indefinite
37.5-Percent Farm Rental Reduction extension of the Temporary Provi-
Act 耕地三七五減租條例. sions Effective During the Period of
30 — The government announces plans National Mobilization for Suppres-
to sell arable public land to tenant sion of the Communist Rebellion 動
farmers on easy payment terms. 員戡亂時期臨時條款.
Dec. 11 — The Taiwan Provincial Assembly 臺 22 — The National Assembly re-elects
灣省議會 is established. Chiang Kai-shek president to a sec-
ond six-year term.
1952 24 — The National Assembly elects Chen
Feb. 1 — The U.N. General Assembly finds Cheng vice president.
the Soviet Union guilty of violation Dec. 3 — The Sino-American Mutual Defense
of the 1945 Sino-Soviet Treaty of Treaty 中美共同防禦條約 is signed in
Friendship and Alliance. Washington.
Apr. 28 — The Treaty of Peace between the
ROC and Japan is signed in Taipei. 1955
Oct. 22 — The first worldwide Overseas Chi- Jan. 26 — The U.S. House of Representatives
nese Conference opens in Taipei. approves a resolution authorizing
President Dwight D. Eisenhower to
1953 employ American armed forces to
Jan. 10 — The Legislative Yuan adopts the defend Taiwan, the Penghu Islands
Land-to-the-Tiller Act 實施耕者有其澎湖群島 and “related positions and
田條例. territories.”
25 — President Chiang announces the ab- Feb. 7 — Evacuation of the Dachen Islands 大
rogation of the Sino-Soviet Treaty of 陳島 begins.
Friendship and Alliance of 1945 and Mar. 3 — Foreign Minister George K.C. Yeh 葉
its related documents. 公超 and U.S. Secretary of State John
Apr. 2 — Karl Rankin becomes the U.S. am- Foster Dulles exchange instruments
bassador to the ROC. of ratification of the Sino-American
12 — The Legislative Yuan passes a bill Mutual Defense Treaty in Taipei.
submitted by President Chiang, ex-
tending the term of office for legisla- 1956
tors by one year to May 7, 1954. Jan. 12 — The Taiwan Provincial Govern-
July 17 — Troops on Kinmen 金門 conduct a ment 臺灣省政府 promulgates the
successful raid against the communist- Enforcement Rules of the Act on
held Dongshan Island 東山島 off the Urban Land Reform 實施都市平均地
southern coast of Fujian Province. 權條例臺灣省施行細則.
Sept. 27 — President Chiang recommends an May 28 — The ROC informs the Philippines
extension of the term of office for that the ROC has full sovereignty
the delegates of the first National over the Nansha (Spratly) Islands 南
Assembly, elected in 1947, until 沙群島.

511


Appendix
1957
II 1960
May 3 — The Council of Grand Justices 大法 Feb. 2 — The Council of Grand Justices an-
官會議 of the Judicial Yuan 司法院 nounces that the total membership
rules that the nation’s three top rep- of the National Assembly during the
resentative organs—the Legislative present period of national emergency
Yuan, the Control Yuan and the Na- shall be 1,576.
tional Assembly—shall collectively Mar. 11 — The third session of the first Nation-
represent the Chinese parliament al Assembly adopts an amendment
in all international parliamentary to the Temporary Provisions Effec-
organizations. tive During the Period of National
Sept. 26 — The first council meeting of the Mobilization for Suppression of the
Asian Peoples’ Anti-Communist Communist Rebellion.
League opens in Taipei. 22 — The National Assembly re-elects
Chiang Kai-shek president to a third
1958 term and Chen Cheng vice president
Aug. 1 — An insurance program covering to a second term.
180,000 government employees is May 9 — The Central Cross-Island Highway
put into effect. 中部橫貫公路 is opened to traffic.
23 — The Battle of the Taiwan Strait 臺海 June 18 — U.S. President Eisenhower arrives in
戰役 begins with mainland China’s Taipei for a state visit.
firing on the Kinmen Islands. 19 — President Chiang and U.S. President
Oct. 23 — President Chiang and U.S. Secretary Eisenhower issue a joint communi-
of State John Foster Dulles issue a qué pledging that their governments
joint communiqué reaffirming soli- will continue to stand solidly behind
darity between the two countries and the Sino-American Mutual Defense
stating that the islands of Kinmen Treaty.
and Matsu 馬祖 are “closely related” — Mainland Chinese troops hit Kin-
to the defense of Taiwan and the men, and ROC artillery units
Penghu Islands. retaliate.
Aug. 15 — The Council of Grand Justices rules
1959 that courts of all levels shall be
placed under the jurisdiction of the
Mar. 6 — Weighing 36,000 tons, the Faith is
Judicial Yuan.
launched in Keelung 基隆. It is the
25 — In the opening procession of the
first tanker built in Taiwan.
Olympic Games in Rome, the ROC
July 21 — The Legislative Yuan revises the
Olympic team protests against the
Conscription Act 兵役法, stipulat-
International Olympic Committee’s
ing that 19-year-old men are to be
drafted for two years’ service in ruling that compels ROC athletes to
the army or three years in the navy compete under the name “Taiwan”
or air force. instead of the “Republic of China.”
Aug. 5 — N i k e - H e r c u l e s g r o u n d - t o - a i r
1 Sept. 6 — Decathlon champion Yang Chuan-
guided missiles arrive from the kwang 楊傳廣 wins the ROC’s first
United States under a military aid Olympic silver medal.
program.
Sept. 1 — The Act on Compensation for Wrong- 1961
ful Detentions and Convictions 冤獄 May 14 — U.S. Vice President and Mrs. Lyn-
賠償法, designed to compensate peo- don B. Johnson visit Taiwan.
ple in cases of miscarriage of justice, Oct. 7 — Two defecting Chinese communist
goes into effect. pilots, Shao Siyan 邵希彥 and Gao

512


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