IGears: Template Architecture and Principles
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This document discusses principles for template engine design. It covers separating logic from views using patterns like MVC, MVP and MVVM. It also discusses features template engines should provide like data bindings, formatting data, logic implementation through loops and conditionals, caching capabilities, and code reuse through includes and partials. The key points to consider for template engine design are the platform, architecture, data binding, functionality, available development resources, and resulting code style.
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IGears: Template Architecture and Principles
- 1. iGears: Architect Principles of Template Engines Design
- 2. First sight (syntax) Code <?php if ($items) { foreach ($items as $item) { echo "* {$item}n"; } } else { echo "No item has been found.n"; } ?>
- 4. First sight (syntax) <title>{% block title %}{% endblock %}</title> <ul> {% for user in users %} <li> <a href="{{ user.url }}">{{ user.username }}</a> </li> {% endfor %} </ul> Jinja
- 5. First sight (syntax) FreeMarker <html> <body> <p>Hello ${name}! You have the following messages: <#list messages as m> <p> <b>${m.from}:</b> {m.body}</p> </#list> </body> </html>
- 6. First sight (syntax) Smarty <ul> {foreach from=$myArray item=foo} <li>{$foo}</li> {/foreach} </ul>
- 7. First sight (syntax) XSLT <?xml version="1.0"?> <xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0"> <xsl:template match="/hello-world"> <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE></TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY> <H1> <xsl:value-of select="greeting"/> </H1> <xsl:apply-templates select="greeter"/> </BODY> </HTML> </xsl:template> <xsl:template match="greeter"> <DIV>from <I><xsl:value-of select="."/></I></DIV> </xsl:template> </xsl:stylesheet>
- 8. First sight (syntax) ERB <div id='content'> <div class='left column'> <h2>Welcome to our site!</h2> <p><%= print_information %></p> </div> <div class="right column"> <%= render :partial => "sidebar" %> </div> </div> #content .left.column %h2 Welcome to our site! %p= print_information .right.column = render :partial => "sidebar"
- 9. Separate logic from view Role Logic View
- 10. First step — design patterns • MVC • MVP • MVVM Application architecture
- 11. MVC Application architecture • Input is directed to controller • Many-to-many relationship between View and Controller • View doesn’t have any knowledge about Controller • View is aware of the Model it is expecting to pass on it
- 12. MVP Application architecture • Input is directed to View • One-to-One relationship between View and Presenter • View holds the reference to it’s Presenter and Presenter is aware of this View • View is not aware of the Model. Presenter updates the Model
- 13. MVVM Application architecture • Input is directed to View • One-to-Many relationship between ViewModel and View • ViewModel haven’t any knowledge about View • View is not aware of the Model. ViewModel updates the View.
- 14. Data presentation in template Features Model Data Static resources
- 15. Data-bindings • Variables from controller • Custom variables • Ierarchy variables (objects, associative arrays) Features – Variables
- 16. Format Data (Modificators) • Format numeric data • Date format • Client input filtering • HTML encoding • Static resources formating, placeholders replacements Features – Variables
- 17. Logic implementation • if else operators • inline scripts (ex. {php}{/php}) Features – Functions
- 18. Loops • For .. in • Loop status (odd, even, count, last, first, index) • Hacker functions (break, continue) Features – Functions
- 19. Caching • Cache time • Personalized caching • Partial caching • Application caching • Static caching • Cache control Features - Cache
- 20. Code Reuse • Includes other templates • Config files usage Features – Code Reuse
- 21. Points • Platform • Architecture • Data-binding • Functionality • Development resources • Code style Don’t forget