In this presentation author is trying to discuss about the concept of ZEB and Building Envelope components.

1. ZER0ENERGY
BUILDING ENVELOPE
COMPONENTS
Sanjay Neupane

2. (Objectives)
• Concept of Zero Energy Building
• Façade components & Z.E.B
• Integration of components

4. (Zero Energy Building)

5. (Net ZEB Definition)

6. (Building Envelope)
• Building shell, fabric or enclosure >>boundary between the conditioned
interior of a building and the outdoors.

7. (Building Envelope & Energy )
• Glazing and façade systems >> large impacts on all aspects of building
performance.
= 75%

8. (Envelope Components)

9. • Provide thermal and acoustic comfort >> aesthetics.
• Thermal resistance (R-value) of the wall is crucial >> building energy
consumption
• Wood-based walls, metal-based walls and masonry-based walls
o Passive solar walls
o Walls with latent heat storage
o T-Mass Walls:
o Riverdale NetZero Deep Wall System
o Green Walls
(Walls)

10. Passive Solar Walls
• Trap and transmit the solar energy
• Glazing is used >> greenhouse effect
(Walls)

11. Walls with latent heat storage
• Phase change material (PCM) is incorporated >> thermal storage capacity
• Porous material such as plasterboard has better PCM
• Reduces temperature by 4 ◦C and the heating demand during night
(Walls)

12. T-Mass Walls
• Styrofoam extruded polystyrene board insulation sandwiched in between.
(Walls)

13. Riverdale NetZero Deep Wall System
• Double-stud wall system >> cavity >> cellulose insulation
• DWS has very high insulation values
(Walls)

14. Green Walls
• Reduce heat transmittance >> direct shading and evapotranspiration.
(Walls)
Panel Type Mini planter Cage System Box

15. • Lightweight roofs
• Solar-reflective/cool roofs
• Green Roofs
• 100 mm thickness increase >>
resistance by 0.4 m2K/W
(Roofs)

16. • Photovoltaic Roofs
• Roof Vents
• Rubber Roofs
• EPDM (ethylene propylenediene Monomer)
• Highly recyclable nature
(Roofs)

17. • Windows with low U-value and high total solar energy transmittance (Г) are
preferred.
• Heat loss and heat gain through windows occurs at 20–30 times the rate they
occur through walls.
Aerogel glazing
• 90–99.8% air by volume.
• volume porosity of greater than 50%.
• 2mm >> 30% energy saving
Vacuum glazing
• Triple vacuum glazing >>thermal
transmittance of less than 0.2 W/m2 K
(Windows & Doors)

18. Switchable reflective glazing /Suspended particle devices (SPD) film
• Electrically switchable glazing , changes light transmission properties
when voltage is applied.
• Control the amount of light and heat passing through
• Applying a low DC voltage (electrochromics (EC)) or by using hydrogen
(gasochromics)
(Windows & Doors)

19. High Thermal Performance Glazing
Dynamic Glazing
• Based on electrochromic technology
• Switches between clear and tinted states
Building integrated photovoltaic glazing
• 10 to 12 Watts per ft²
(Windows & Doors)

20. • Edge components (frame and spacer)
Thermal Break Frames
Consisting of an insulated material is needed to stop heat transmission
• Reduce heat loss
• Prevent frost/condensation
• Positive thermal break within the frame profile
Kerf Frames
(Frames)

21. Types of Insulation
• Mineral Wool
• Expanded polystyrene (EPS)
• Extruded polystyrene (XPS)
• Cellulose
• Cork
• Vacuum insulation panels (VIP)
• Aerogels
• Vacuum insulation materials (VIM)
• Dynamic insulation materials (DIM)
• NanoCon
(Windows & Doors)

22. (Case Study 1 - NREL)
• Location -Golden Colorado (24 miles west of Denver).
• 822 employees working capacity with 79% occupancy in gross square
footage 220,000.
• Determined ZEB and LEED Platinum best practices and strategies

23. (Case Study 1 - NREL)
Zero Energy Strategies

24. (Envelope Components)
PV System
Natural
Ventilation
Thermal Mass
UFAD
Labyrint
h
Transpired
Collectors
Radiant Cooling
Radiant Heating
Day lighting
60’

25. Photovoltaic roofs
• 1.6 MW of on-site photovoltaic (PV)
(Roofs)

26. Passive Solar Walls - Transpired Solar Collector
• Metal sheet perfo-rated with small holes.
• Uses solar energy to heat and ventilate indoor spaces.
(Walls)

27. T-Mass Walls - Precast Exterior/Interior Insulated Panels
3” architectural Precast concrete l 2” rigid insulation l 6” concrete
(Walls)
Zinc
Pre-cast
Concrete
Transpired
Collector

28. High Thermal Performance Glazing - Triple-Glazed Windows with Individual
Overhangs
• North and South >> triple glazed
• North windows larger than on south elevation
(Windows)

29. Dynamic Glazing
- E-W elevations feature thermo-chromic>> reduce heat loss and electro
chromic glazing>> reduce heat gain
(Windows)

30. (Windows) Glare Control + View Window
Daylight Control + Daylight Window
Daylight Enhancement

31. (Below grade System)
Labyrinth Thermal Storage
-Air heated by the transpired solar collector heats the thermal mass >> preheats
ventilation air.
-The labyrinth can warm outside air by 5–10°F.

32. (Case Study 2 - BCA)
• BCA - Building and Construction Authority
• Location 200 Braddell Road, Singapore
• Official purpose, as visitor centre ,as library and also as multipurpose area.
• Retrofitted Zero Energy Building (ZEB) located at BCA Academy >> three
storey addition and alteration

33. (Approach)
Active Systems
Efficient Lighting
•T5 Fluorescent lights
•LED task lighting
•State-of-the art lighting control systems
Efficient ACMV
•Personalized Ventilation
•Underfloor air distribution system
•Single coil twin fans
•Solar chimneys
Active Control
• State-of-the-art building
management system
Passive Systems
Efficient Envelope
• Type of window glazing
•Type of wall/facade
Minimize Solar Heat Gain
• Roof garden & vertical
greenery
•Sunshades
Capitalize Day lighting
•Mirror ducts
•Light pipes
•Light shelves

34. (Envelope Components)
PV System
Natural
Ventilation
Shading
Device/Solar cells
Thermal Performance
glazing
Green Walls
Vent/Solar Chimney

35. Photovoltaic Roofs
• Elevated about 1 ft. off the metal roof
>>ensure ventilation and cool
• PV system of 190 kWp
Green Roof
• Solar radiations are absorbed by the greenery >>creates thermally comfortable
environment
Roof Vents
• Solar Assisted Stack Ventilation
Light weight Roofs
(Roof)

36. Green Walls
• Unusual Aspects and Aesthetic Values
• Approx 50% of green wall and 43% glazing
(Walls)

37. • High Thermal Performance Glazing - Double Glazed Unit
• Sun Shades with PV
• Low-e glass
(Windows)

38. (Energy Conservation)

39. (Analysis)
• Façade components are the major parts for energy conservation
• Transfer of costs from HVAC capacity to architectural elements.

40. (Analysis)
• Different from conventional buiding

41. (Analysis)
• Impacts on all aspects of building performance.
• Influence peak heating and cooling loads, and indirectly influence
lighting loads
• Roof, walls, windows, doors, etc. >>considered for energy efficiency.
• Simpler forms i.e., cavity insulated walls, cool paints, double glazing and
low-emissivity glass
• Sophisticated façade systems – i.e., triple-glazing systems, double skin
façade systems, the use of photochromic glass and electrified glazing,
etc.
• The financial requirements depend on the choice of façade system.

42. (Analysis)
INNOVATION
• Inspired from Nature
• Inspired from technology

43. (Conclusion)
• Z.E.B >> Future of Building Design
• Façade >> important role in energy conservation
• Simple traditional techniques could help for better thermal efficiency
• Façade components such as walls, fenestration, roof, foundation,
thermal insulation, thermal mass, external shading devices etc. make
up this important part of any building.

44. (References)
• P. Torcellini, S. Pless and M. Deru, (2006), Zero Energy Buildings: A
Critical Look at the Definition, National Renewable Energy Laboratory
(NREL)
• Karma Swayer, (2014), Windows and Building Envelope Research and
Development: Road map for emerging Technologies
• Sunil Kumar Sharma, (2013), International Journal of Engineering
Research and Applications (IJERA)
• P. Torcellini, (2012), the Design Build Process for the Research Support
Facility
• US Department of Energy (2007), Annual Energy Review 2006

45. (References)
INTERNET SOURCE
• Solar Walls, How solar walls works,
http://solarwall.com/en/products/solarwall-air-heating/how-solarwall-
works.php, viewed 15th February 2016
• Building and construction authority, www.hpbmagazine.org, viewed 10th
February 2016
• High Performance Building Façade,
http://www.climatetechwiki.org/technology/high-performance-facades,
viewed 22 February 2016
• Building and construction authority, Singapore government,
http://www.greenmark.sg/about_proj_zero.html, viewed 29th January
2016

46. Let’s find beauty in the Number
ZERO