1. RFID: Technology and Applications
SUNIL GOND
B.TECH-ECE

2. Outline
 RFID History
 What is RFID?
-RFID System Components
 RFID Tag
-Type of Tag
-Tag block diagram
 RFID Reader
 Future
 RFID advantage
 RFID disadvantage
 Applications
 Conclusion
RFID-2013
GALGOTIA’S COLLAGE OF ENG. AND TECH. G. NOIDA

3. RFID History
• First Bar code patents – 1930s
• First use of RFID device – 2nd world war –
Brittan used RFID-like technology for IdentifyFriend.
• First RFID Patent - 1973
• Auto-ID center founded at MIT – 1999
• Current thrust primarily driven by Wal-Mart.
GALGOTIA’S COLLAGE OF ENG. AND TECH. G. NOIDA

4. What is RFID?
• RFID = Radio Frequency IDentification.
• An ADC (Automated Data Collection) technology
that:
– uses radio-frequency waves to transfer data between
a reader and a movable item to identify, categorize,
track.
– does not require physical sight between reader and
the tagged item.
– Performs the operation using low cost components.
Other ADC technologies: Bar codes, OCR.
GALGOTIA’S COLLAGE OF ENG. AND TECH. G. NOIDA

5. RFID : CIRCUIT DIAGROM

6. RFID tags
•An RFID tag is a microchip combined with an
antenna in a compact package.
•RFID tags can be very small.
•Tags can be attached to almost anything:
– Items, cases of products, high value goods
– vehicles, assets, livestock or personnel

7. Types of Tags
•Passive Tags
– Do not require power – Draws from Interrogator Field
– Lower storage capacities (few bits to 1 KB)
– Usually Write-Once-Read-Many/Read-Only tags
– Cost around 25 cents to few dollars
•Active Tags
– Battery powered
– Higher storage capacities (512 KB)
– Typically can be re-written by RF Interrogators
– Cost around 50 to 250 dollars

8. RFID readers
• Reader functions:
–
–
–
–
–
Remotely power tags
Establish a bidirectional data link
Inventory tags, filter results
Communicate with networked server(s)
Can read 100-300 tags per second
• Readers (interrogators) can be at a fixed point such as
– Entrance/exit
– Point of sale

9. RFID Antennas:
• Gate antennas
•
• Patch antennas
• Circular polarized
• Di-pole antennas
• Linear polarized

10. The future:
RFID:
Driving intelligence to edge
of Enterprise networks
Analog sensors
replaced with cheap
digital sensors: Motes, etc
Enterprise Management Systems
adapted to more effectively react in real-time to data.
Our
professional
lives
Precision
Automation
Our
personal
lives

11. RFID advantages
• Multiple items can be read with a single scan
• Each tag can carry a lot of data (read/write)
• Individual items identified and not just the
category
• Passive tags have a virtually unlimited lifetime
• Active tags can be read from great distances
GALGOTIA’S COLLAGE OF ENG. AND TECH. G. NOIDA

12. RFID disadvantage
 Lack of industry and application standards
 High cost per unit and high RFID system
integration costs
 Weak market understanding of the
benefits of RFID technology

13. RFID applications
 Access control for people;
-Secure access to work place
-Access to travel on train
 Access control for vehicle;
-Secure access on site
-Istant payment of fuel.
• Security
– Access control
– Counterfeiting and Theft control/prevention
• Location Tracking
– Traffic movement control and parking management
– Wildlife/Livestock monitoring and tracking

14. CONCLUSION
• RFID benefits are due to automation and optimization.
• RFID is not a plug & play technology.
• Awarneness of RFID technology.
• Technology is evolving but physics has limitations.

15. THANK YOU