The document provides an overview of anatomy and physiology of the esophagus, trachea, and neck masses. It describes the structure and function of the esophagus, trachea, and neck anatomy. Diagnostic tests and procedures for evaluating neck masses such as barium X-ray, endoscopy, and biopsy are discussed. Common causes, diagnostic steps, and imaging techniques for neck masses are also summarized.

1. Zou Hua ENT Depart. The Second Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat Sen University Email: zouhua28@163.com

3. Anatomy & physiology of esophagus

15. Tests a plain X-ray Barium X-ray

16. Barium X-ray

19. Tests flexible telescope

20. Anatomy & physiology of the Respiratory tract

24. The Anatomy of the Trachea The trachea is a tubular structure which is located at the front of the neck Begins : the level of the C6 ( the thyroid cartilage). Bifurcating: into right and left main bronchi (the level of the T5 ) Length: 10 to 15cm Diameter :16-18 mm

25. The Anatomy of the Trachea Structure of the Trachea wall Anterior wall: cartilaginous rings (16 to 20 C-shaped ) Posterior wall: fibromuscular sheet (ligaments) Posterior : esophagus

28. Tracheotomy

34. Operative procedures Completed tracheotomy 1 - Vocal cords 2 - Thyroid cartilage 3 - Cricoid cartilage 4 - Tracheal cartilages 5 - Balloon cuff

42. Anatomy of neck

47. Muscles of neck

48. Major Vascular

52. Lymphatic drainage Individual Lymph Nodes in the Head and Neck

65. A Neck Mass

77. Lymph node groups with the most likely sites of the primary lesion. Diagnosis (metastatic lymph node)

78. algorithm

80. Evaluation and management of a neck mass in the adult patient. (PPD = purified protein derivative) Algorithm

83. Neck Dissection

89. Common Nodal Drainage Level IV : Hypopharynx, Larynx, Thyroid, Cervical esophagus Level V : Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, Posterior neck and scalp Level VI : Thyroid, Larynx (glottic and subglottic), Pyriform sinus apex, Cervical esophagus

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