Inductive method:a psychological method of developing formulas and principles
Deductive method:A speedy method of deduction and application.
best method is to develop formuias and then apply in examples therefore -inducto -deductive method
8. INDUCTIVE METHOD
Principles:
Maxims : proceeding from
Concrete to Abstract,
Particular to general,
Example to formula.
Direct Experiencing.
Conclusions are based
on repetition at many times.
• Child concludes after each observation.
•Child generalizes after many observations
10. A child measures each and every
triangle and concludes that,
“Sum of angles in every triangle
is equal to 180 degrees”
CONCLUSION:
11. 1)Example
(a+b)2
= a2
+ 2ab + b2
(3+2)(3+2)=5x5=25
3x3+3x2+2x3+2x2=9+6+6+4=25
Similarly,
For all cases with different values of a &b.
It is concluded that,
With every letter,
(x+y)2
= x2
+ 2xy + y2
(p+q)2
= p2
+ 2pq + q2
(m+n)2
= m2
+ 2mn + n2
13. 2)Example:
a) Simple Interest of Rs. 300/- for 1 years at
4% p. a.
4% means 4/100
S.I=4X300/100=12
b) Simple Interest of Rs. 400/- for 3 years
at 5% p. a.
Simple Interest= 400x3x5= Rs. 60
100
14. c) Simple Interest of Rs. 600/- for 4 years
at 3% p. a.
Simple Interest= 600x4x3= Rs. 72
100
WHAT WILL BE A CONCLUSION???
16. MERITS:
Scientific Method
Content becomes crystal clear to
students , as they develop on
their own formula/ laws / Principle
Based on Actual Observation and
Experimentation .
18. DEMERITS:
Not suitable for all topics
Time Consuming Method
Laborious Method
Not Suitable for all types
of students
Un- prepared teacher can not make
use of this method
20. A child is told “The Sun Rises Everyday
And Also Sets Everyday!”
This fact child verifies by daily
observation
21. “ALL THE GREEN APPLES ARE
SOUR IN TASTE”
The child may be told that he should
never eat the green apple because they
are sour.
Afterwards he may verify this facts by
tasting green apples.
22. principles:
Maxims : Proceeding from
•Abstract to Concrete,
• General to Particular,
• Formula to Examples.
Students are given
formula/rules/laws/princ
iples directly .
They solve problems
using them.
23. 1)EXAMPLES:
•Students are told that the sum
of angles(3) in a triangle is
180degrees.
• Then the students verify the
same .
•Students will conclude that
“sum of angles of triangle is
equal to 180 degrees”
24. 2)Ask Students to solve the following
problems:
( c+ d )2
,( x+ y )2
,( i + j )2
FORMULA
was given to them.
Then Students solves those Problems On
The basis of following formula:
(1st
Term+2nd
Term)2
=
(1st
Term)2
+ 2 (1st
Term)(2nd
Term) + (2nd
Term)2
25. 3)The Teacher may announce that today
he is going to learn Simple Interest. He
will then give the relevant formula. i.e.
S . I . = p x r x t
100
And Asks the Student to solve the
Problem based on this formula
26. MERITS:
Time Saving Method
Suitable to all topics
Suitable to all Students
Glorifies Memory.
30. WHICH METHOD?WHICH METHOD?
There can be no induction without deduction and no
deduction without induction.
Inductive approach is a method for establishing rules
and generalization, and also deriving formulae.
Deductive approach is a method of applying the
deduced results and for improving skill and efficiency in
solving problems.
Hence a combination of both inductive and deductive
approach is known as “Inducto-deductive approach” is
most effective for realizing the desired goals.