This document provides an overview of renewable resources and discusses various renewable energy sources in India. It defines renewable resources as substances that can be naturally replenished and discusses renewable sources like solar, wind, tidal, and biomass energy. It notes that renewable sources hold great potential but are currently underutilized in India. The document advocates increasing reliance on renewable sources and decreasing dependence on non-renewable fossil fuels to address energy demands in a sustainable way.

1. Definition of 'Renewable Resource'
A substance of economic value that can be replaced or replenished in the same amount or
less time as it takes to draw the supply down. Some renewable resources have essentially an
endless supply, such as solar energy, wind energy and geothermal pressure, while other
resources are considered renewable even though some time or effort must go into their
renewal, such as wood, oxygen, leather and fish. Most precious metals are considered
renewable as well; even though they are not naturally replaced, they can be
recycled because they are not destroyed during their extraction and use.
Renewable Energy Sources In India !!
Conventional sources of energy like coal, petrol, lignite and natural gas are limited and may soon
be exhausted. Moreover, their use is not environmental friendly. Their use causes lot of emission
of carbon and change in global climate. The use of these fossil fuels be decreased and those of
renewable sources of energy increased to protect our earth and the quality of life.
Essay And article On : Renewable Sources Of Energy !!
The renewable
sources of energy like wind, solar, tidal waves, biogas etc. hold a great potential. Renewable

2. sources of energy are becoming more and more popular. For example, there has been increased
use of wind power in Germany and India. Non-conventional sources of energy ate cheap, clean
and environment friendly and available locally in abundance in India.
There is vast scope for the use of biogas in Indian vii/ages. Solar energy generation also holds
great promise as there is much bright sunshine during the greater part of the day throughout the
year. The wind power generation is also increasing in the country and thousands of wind-pumps
have been installed for irrigation and. drinking water and more are being installed. There is an
ever increasing demand for energy and the non- renewable or conventional sources of energy are
depleting fast. Energy is the motive power that keeps wheels of industry moving and other things
live. Fossil fuel which includes coal, lignite, petroleum and natural gas is the non-renewable or
conventional source of energy. Another source of traditional energy is fuel wood, animal waste
and agricultural residues but these are non-economical fuels.
Also Read
Good Library | Good Learning !!
Nuclear Power In India | Nuclear Energy !!
conventional sources of energy
These conventional sources of energy are not
sufficient to meet our fast increasing demand of energy as they are limited and may soon get
exhausted. The use of conventional sources of energy creates environmental problems. The
increased use of fossil fuels increases carbon emissions and quickens global climate change. The
energy produced through these traditional fuels causes’ global warming, air pollution, depletion
of forests and host of other ecological problems. The carbon dioxide emission in developing
countries has jumped by about 25 per cent in recent years. The pollution continues to worsen in
many cities of the world with 1.3 billion persons affected by poisonous air and many species of
plant and bird-life continued to be lost rapidly. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discourage
the use of traditional sources of energy and rapid phase out of subsidies on these.

3. The subsidies on fossil fuels have dropped by 50 per cent since 1992, but still it stands at $58
billion. These subsidies harm the environment and hasten the depletion of these resources.
During 1995 there was oil production to the tune of 3,031 million tonnes, that of coal 2, 109
million tones and that of natural gas 2,114 million tonnes. It shows an increase of about one per
cent over the year 1994. Even this marginal increase was enough to push carbon emission from
fossil fuels to a new record. As we are approaching a new millennium, we must step up our
efforts to reduce the use of these fossil fuels and protect the environment. It is essential that the
use of renewable -sources of energy are appreciably stepped up to protect the future of the planet
earth and the quality of life here. The renewable sources of energy like solar, wind, tidal waves,
biogas etc. hold a great potential.
There is a vast scope and many opportunities in this sector of power-generation. Their use so far
has been limited to non-commercial and Ismail domestic purposes in India and elsewhere.
Modem science, technology, research and development have to play a significant role in
popularizing the increased use of non- conventional sources of energy both in industrial and
domestic sectors. These are bound to be used on a
larger scale in a course of time but this ‘course of time’ should be curtailed and things expedited.
There are really many very promising technologies and can very easily replace conventional
ones. In the long term, they are likely to prove cost effective as well. The facts and figures
available in regard to the use of renewable sources of energy are really encouraging as they point
towards greater and expanding role of their resources.
Growth in wind generation was once confined to the US and Denmark but now it is ‘becoming
popular in other major countries like Germany and India. During 1995 Germany produced 505
MW of wind energy followed by India with 375 MW. The conventional sources of energy in
India provide over 95 per cent of our required energy. The fast depletion and scarcity of fossil
fuels in our country underline the urgent necessity for developing and exploiting these non-
conventional and renewable sources of energy which are really clean, environment-friendly and
in a sense unlimited. Local availability of the renewable sources of energy in abundance make
them all the more significant for meeting our rural energy requirements. These hold out a major
promise to overcome energy crisis in rural areas to a large extent. Since tidal waves resources are
limited only to a few coastal regions, greater emphasis should be laid on harnessing wind power,
solar energy and development of biogas and biomass projects.
Biogas can be increasingly used as a cooking fuel in towns and villages since it is cheap, clean
and convenient. It can also be used for lighting and running small motors for providing power to

4. cottage industries. The slurry from biogas is also
an enriched manure. Family size biogas plants have picked up in many States like Tamil Nadu,
Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh etc. During the Seventh Plan nearly 141akh plants were set up in
the country. During the Eighth Plan, 7.5 lakh more plants were planned. The Plan also aimed at
popularizing the use of human excreta in the biogas plants.
Solar energy generation holds great promise in the country. It is estimated that total solar
insulations or exposure to the rays of the sun per square meter surface is quite high in India. For
greater part of the year during the day there is much bright sunshine throughout the country and
it can be used to our great advantage to produce power for industrial and domestic use. During
the Seventh Five Year Plan, manufacturing bases for thermal devices like solar cookers and solar
heating systems have been largely developed. Preparatory plant work for a solar thermal power
plant in Rajasthan was completed. During the Eighth Plan the use of solar
Thermal Energy for industrial water heaters, solar
cookers, solar timber kilns, solar desalination etc. were to be commercialized.
Similarly, solar photovoltaic cells, indigenously produced at BHEL and Central Electronics Ltd.
are being increasingly used under the Rural Electrification Programme in the remote villages
where it is not possible to carry the electric lines. During the Eighth Plan, development of
amorphous silicon cell was to be the main thrust area. Power generation system of 10 to 100 KW

5. capacity area being undertaken wherever this renewable Source of energy is available.
Steps have also been taken to harness the wind energy, Under a major demonstration programme
on wind energy, 32 MW capacity wind farms were set up in Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, Maharashtra
and Orissa. BHEL has already developed wind machines with 200 MW capacity. With the
entrance of private sector in the field, the use of wind energy has got the tremendous boost in
recent years. During the Seventh Plan itself 2,540 wind pumps were installed. The Eighth Plan
had the target of 100 MW wind power generation by using indigenous wind machines. The
operational programme of wind pumps for drinking water and irrigation is expanded and
modified. So this was an essay on renewable sources and energy.
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Essay And article On : Global Warming | Fats,Effects And Causes !!
Essay On Indiscipline | Indiscipline AmGlobal Warming
| Fats,Effects And Causes !!
March 14, 2012 By parm Leave a Comment
inShare0

6. What Is Global Warming ??
The year 1998 has been the hottest on record so far. The 1990s have seen the three hottest years.
The average temperature has risen by 0.2′C in the recent decades. As a result of global warming
there have been huge and unprecedented floods, storms, cyclones etc. resulting in destruction on
vast scales. In recent years the concentrations of carbon dioxide, methane etc. have increased
alarmingly.
Essay And article On : Global Warming | Fats,Effects And
Causes !!
These greenhouse gases cause global warming and rise in earth’s temperature. Therefore there
are changes in climate, weather and rain patterns. These greenhouse gases do not let the sun’s re-
radiation escape from the earth and so there is greenhouse effect and warming. They work like a
glass house as they accumulate with particulates in the atmosphere because of the burning of
fossil fuels.
The presence of Chloro Floro Carbons (CFCS) in the atmosphere has drastically depleted the
vital cover of ozone. About a billion tons of pollutants are being released every year into the
atmosphere. The highly industrialized nations are the biggest offenders as they emit the largest
amount of these gases. Rapidly increasing deforestation has further increased the problem.
Global warming not only causes natural calamities but also many epidemics like malaria, dengue
etc.
Also Read
Global Water Crisis !!
The Working Of The Divine Grace!!
Problems Of Global Warming
It is a global problem and should be addressed
globally by reducing the emission amount of the greenhouse gases and exploiting the renewable
sources of energy. There has been increase in the general awareness about the dangers of global

7. warming but unfortunately nothing substantial has been done to check and prevent the menace.
There have been many international pacts and agreements on the issue but no strict adherence
and compliance.
The year 1998 has been the hottest year on record. It has set a new record of a high temperature
by a big margin. According to National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) of USA,
the average global temperature during 1998 was 0.18o C warmer than that of the previous record
in 1995. And the average global temperature in 1995 was 15.39o C which broke the previous
record of 15.38o C of 1990. It shows a steady rise in the global temperature since 1970s.
The ten hottest years in the last 130 years have all been in 1980s and 1990s. And out of these 10,
the three hottest years were in 1990s. This inordinate warmth has begun to hit the earth and the
entire living world. It is estimated that average temperature has risen by O.2oC every decade.
The threat of the global warming is real and immense. A lot of imbalance has been created in
nature by human activities. Consequently there have been unprecedented and unexpected
devastations, storms, etc. in various parts of the world specially in the coastal and low-lying
regions.
The sea-levels have been rising throughout the globe all these years causing violent
storms and cyclones here and there. For example, a cyclone
with winds of 270 km per hour wreaked havoc in Bangladesh in 1991 razing more than a million
houses and claiming over 1 ,40,000 lives. During the 1990s Europe, America, Australia etc. have
experienced the worst type of storms, hurricanes and tornadoes.
Because of global warming temperatures rise, oceans and seas become warmer, and release more
energy in the atmosphere which leads to violent storms and very huge losses in terms of man and
material. It is estimated that there has been rise in ocean temperature by 1°C per decade. In the
recent decades the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has increased to 350 ppm (parts
per million) from a preindustrial level of 275 ppm.
Concentrations of carbon dioxide and methane remaining relatively constant up to the 18th
century have risen sharply since then due to human activities. Concentration of nitrous oxide
have increased since the mid-eighteenth century, especially during the recent decades. Before the
1930s there was no trace of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCS) in the atmosphere. The trapping of

8. green house gases in the atmosphere is mainly responsible of these dangerous trends of global
warming.
They raise the earth’s temperature which in its turn generates destructive storms, cyclones,
droughts, floods, forest fires and such other havocs. Widespread human activities such as
burning fossil fuels release carbon dioxide in the atmosphere in a very huge quantity and result in
green house effect. Then there is a chain reaction. The polar ice begins to melt, the sea levels
begin to rise and there are floods and storms.
There has been a drastic change in the earth’s climate and weather patterns because of
environmental pollution and emission of green house gases. The green house effect contributes
to the warming of the earth and rise in its temperature. The greenhouse effect can be generated in
a green house. A greenhouse is a glass-house in which plants etc. are kept and grown. The solar
radiation enters the green house through its glass covering and is absorbed by the plants,
vegetables, etc.
But the long wave infrared radiation cannot escape
back through the glass into the atmosphere and remains trapped. Consequently the temperature
inside the greenhouse rises. The similar effect happens to the earth. The earth’s atmosphere
allows much of the sun’s radiation to warm the earth’s surface. The warm earth re-radiates
electro-magnetic radiation but some of it is absorbed by gases in its atmosphere and there is
global warming and environmental pollution.
These gases work as a glass-cover and do not permit the radiation to escape. They have
accumulated along with the particulates in the atmosphere all these years because of undesirable
and excessive burning of fossil fuels. The green house gases include carbon dioxide, carbon
monoxide, chlorine, methane and nitrous oxide.
In recent years the amount of these gases has increased alarmingly as a result of the widespread
burning and combustion of fossil fuels. Coal, oil, natural gas etc. are the fossil fuels. It is
estimated that about 55 per cent of global warming is because of absorption of solar radiation by
carbon dioxide and the remaining 45 per cent mainly by methane absorption and by damage to
the ozone layer as a result of the release of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCS) in the atmosphere.
The size of the hole in the ozone layer observed over Antarctica in 1998 was the largest ever
measured and lasted a month longer than the preceding year. Argentina’s National Weather
Service found that the area covered by low ozone values, that was continuously longer than 10

9. million square km for more than 100 days, was greater than the one observed during the 1996
season.
It was observed that the average amount of ozone during the months of September-October and
November showed a shortfall of 40 per cent compared to average values before 1976. That year
is considered the base year for measuring atmospheric ozone. The hole started to appear 15 days
before the usual time, lasted 2-3 weeks longer and showed the longest duration of areas that had
very low ozone. Ozone is a very minor constituent of the earth’s atmosphere but is very effective
absorber of biologically active solar ultraviolet radiation.
This depletion of ozone layer has increased the radiation of ultraviolet rays on the surface
of the earth which is very harmful for all living creatures. It
causes skin cancer in human beings. It is estimated that about a billion tons of pollutants are
being released every year into the atmosphere. The blanket of carbon emissions is ever
increasing and thickening. It has resulted in over 30 per cent more carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere today than 200 years ago. Advanced and highly industrialized countries produce
more than half of the world’s carbon dioxide emissions.
The US alone has 5.2 tons of carbon dioxide emission per head. East Europe is producing 3 tons
per head of carbon dioxide, West Europe 2.1 tons, China 0.6 tons, Africa 0.3 tons followed by
India 0.2 tons. One of the major factors for this emission is the large scale and indiscrimate use
of fossil fuels in automobiles, factories, households etc. For example, Delhi is one of the most
polluted cities.
It is a poisoned metropolis with smokes, fumes and such other emissions. Over 2.000 metric tons
of pollutants are released in the atmosphere every day which include carbon monoxide, nitrogen
dioxide, hydrocarbons and sulphur dioxide. Every tenth person in Delhi is either patient of
asthma or other respiratory disease. The number of vehicles in Delhi is over 27 lakhs which on
the road emit nearly 1600 MT pollutants in the atmosphere and the children are the worst
affected.

10. The lead content in the air is as high as 0.2 ppm (parts per million) to 1.8 ppm against the
permissible limit of 0.5 ppm. The highly active yellowish gas nitrogen oxide gas is emitted in the
air when fossil fuel is burnt at high temperatures in motor engines and factories. This high
concentration of nitrogen oxide causes many types of respiratory diseases besides acid rains.
There is high concentration of particles of dust, soot etc. in the atmosphere of Delhi which is
responsible for dense fog for many days during winter and there is disruption of air, road and rail
traffic and sometimes there are fatal accidents. Ever increasing destruction of forests and green
cover has further worsened the problem. Deforestation and destruction of vegetation has reduced
the amount of absorption of carbon dioxide by plants from the atmosphere. Plants use and absorb
carbon dioxide and manufacture carbohydrates.
The indiscriminate industrialization and felling of trees for timber, fuel and human habitation
have further aggravated the problem of global warming and environmental pollution. Emission
of green house gases in such large quantities cause many kinds of respiratory and skin diseases.
They also help in the increase of such diseases as malaria, dengue and cholera.
In some regions of the world the effects of global warming are now being felt very acutely in the
form of climatic and weather changes, droughts, famines, epidemics, destruction of wildlife,
huge forest fires, devastating floods, soil-erosion, acid rains and the turning of the fertile soil into
arid land. Global problems need global cooperation and solutions.
The problem of global warming is a world-wide problem and calls for a determined and
combined efforts by all the nations of the world. The need of the hour is to reduce the emission
of green house gases. Alternative fuels should also be searched and developed besides creating
more efficient automobiles. The use of renewable sources of energy should be encouraged and
developed on a large scale. Wind power, solar-energy, tidal power, hydroelectricity are some of
the well known renewable sources of energy. They are not only clean but also freely available
and in abundance in nature.
They can be exploited to our great advantage. We need to redefine and redesign our energy
needs in order to reduce the global warming. There has been increase in the general awareness
about the pollution of the atmosphere and the dangers to survival and subsistence because of the
emission of the green house gases. But there has been little action to check and eliminate the
menace.
The UN and its member nations have been indulging in empty talks, discussions and futile
exercises ever since 1972 when the first meet on environment was held in Stockholm. Similarly
the Rio Convention has come and gone and so has the Montreal protocol. N Conference on
Global Warming was held in December 1997 in Kyoto (Japan). There were about 10,000
visitors, 1,500 officials, 5,000 environmentalists and 3,000 journalists in the meet. Not unlike
other such conferences, it also generated much heat, hype and verbosity but no concrete results.
It really failed to deliver. After a long deadlock and haggling a labored and grumbling pact was
reached. Under this patchwork called Kyoto Pact it was agreed that the developed nations of
Europe besides the USA would cut green house emission to 1980 levels by 2010. But it is worth

11. mentioning that during 1960-1980 the world has produced more green house gases than was
generated in the whole earlier history.
Moreover, the Kyoto Protocol fails to mention any authority or mechanism to ensure compliance
of the provisions and commitments. The USA signed the Kyoto Pact on 12 November 1998 but
it was just a symbolic act because its ratification by the Senate is not likely in near future. And
the US Senate would not ratify it unless some other countries like China, India and Brazil also
reduced and cut the carbon dioxide and such other emissions which are just a small fraction of
the levels of the developed nations.
The Global Warming Summit held in Buenos Aires in November, 1998 is the latest. The Buenos
Aires Plan of Action agreed to set a timetable for discussing by the year 2000 the many issues
that need to be settled. These include whether to impose penalties on those countries who do not
achieve their goals, as to how to transfer climate friendly technology to developing nations so
they reduce pollution and emission of green house gases.
We need to have greater respect for the earth and its environment. It is high time that the people
of the world realize the gravity of problem and make determined and combined efforts to reduce
global warming appreciably. It is feared that global warming might drive millions of people from
their hearths and homes in the new millennium especially in such low-lying Third World
countries as Bangladesh.
The imminent melting of ice-caps and rise in sea-levels may threaten
islands unless we immediately stop the emission of green house gases in
the atmosphere. In view of the possible threat to their very existence a
number of island nations have formed their own association called
Alliance of Small Island States (AOSIS). Unless some serious and
meaningful efforts are made on national and international levels to
check the menace of global warming, the future appears bleak and
foreboding. Renewable Energy Sources In India !!
Conventional sources of energy like coal, petrol, lignite and natural gas are limited and may soon
be exhausted. Moreover, their use is not environmental friendly. Their use causes lot of emission
of carbon and change in global climate. The use of these fossil fuels be decreased and those of
renewable sources of energy increased to protect our earth and the quality of life.
Essay And article On : Renewable Sources Of Energy !!

12. The renewable
sources of energy like wind, solar, tidal waves, biogas etc. hold a great potential. Renewable
sources of energy are becoming more and more popular. For example, there has been increased
use of wind power in Germany and India. Non-conventional sources of energy ate cheap, clean
and environment friendly and available locally in abundance in India.
There is vast scope for the use of biogas in Indian vii/ages. Solar energy generation also holds
great promise as there is much bright sunshine during the greater part of the day throughout the
year. The wind power generation is also increasing in the country and thousands of wind-pumps
have been installed for irrigation and. drinking water and more are being installed. There is an
ever increasing demand for energy and the non- renewable or conventional sources of energy are
depleting fast. Energy is the motive power that keeps wheels of industry moving and other things
live. Fossil fuel which includes coal, lignite, petroleum and natural gas is the non-renewable or
conventional source of energy. Another source of traditional energy is fuel wood, animal waste
and agricultural residues but these are non-economical fuels.
Also Read
Good Library | Good Learning !!
Nuclear Power In India | Nuclear Energy !!

13. conventional sources of energy
These conventional sources of energy are not
sufficient to meet our fast increasing demand of energy as they are limited and may soon get
exhausted. The use of conventional sources of energy creates environmental problems. The
increased use of fossil fuels increases carbon emissions and quickens global climate change. The
energy produced through these traditional fuels causes’ global warming, air pollution, depletion
of forests and host of other ecological problems. The carbon dioxide emission in developing
countries has jumped by about 25 per cent in recent years. The pollution continues to worsen in
many cities of the world with 1.3 billion persons affected by poisonous air and many species of
plant and bird-life continued to be lost rapidly. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discourage
the use of traditional sources of energy and rapid phase out of subsidies on these.
The subsidies on fossil fuels have dropped by 50 per cent since 1992, but still it stands at $58
billion. These subsidies harm the environment and hasten the depletion of these resources.
During 1995 there was oil production to the tune of 3,031 million tonnes, that of coal 2, 109
million tones and that of natural gas 2,114 million tonnes. It shows an increase of about one per
cent over the year 1994. Even this marginal increase was enough to push carbon emission from
fossil fuels to a new record. As we are approaching a new millennium, we must step up our
efforts to reduce the use of these fossil fuels and protect the environment. It is essential that the
use of renewable -sources of energy are appreciably stepped up to protect the future of the planet
earth and the quality of life here. The renewable sources of energy like solar, wind, tidal waves,
biogas etc. hold a great potential.
There is a vast scope and many opportunities in this sector of power-generation. Their use so far
has been limited to non-commercial and Ismail domestic purposes in India and elsewhere.
Modem science, technology, research and development have to play a significant role in
popularizing the increased use of non- conventional sources of energy both in industrial and

14. domestic sectors. These are bound to be used on a
larger scale in a course of time but this ‘course of time’ should be curtailed and things expedited.
There are really many very promising technologies and can very easily replace conventional
ones. In the long term, they are likely to prove cost effective as well. The facts and figures
available in regard to the use of renewable sources of energy are really encouraging as they point
towards greater and expanding role of their resources.
Growth in wind generation was once confined to the US and Denmark but now it is ‘becoming
popular in other major countries like Germany and India. During 1995 Germany produced 505
MW of wind energy followed by India with 375 MW. The conventional sources of energy in
India provide over 95 per cent of our required energy. The fast depletion and scarcity of fossil
fuels in our country underline the urgent necessity for developing and exploiting these non-
conventional and renewable sources of energy which are really clean, environment-friendly and
in a sense unlimited. Local availability of the renewable sources of energy in abundance make
them all the more significant for meeting our rural energy requirements. These hold out a major
promise to overcome energy crisis in rural areas to a large extent. Since tidal waves resources are
limited only to a few coastal regions, greater emphasis should be laid on harnessing wind power,
solar energy and development of biogas and biomass projects.
Biogas can be increasingly used as a cooking fuel in towns and villages since it is cheap, clean
and convenient. It can also be used for lighting and running small motors for providing power to
cottage industries. The slurry from biogas is also
an enriched manure. Family size biogas plants have picked up in many States like Tamil Nadu,
Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh etc. During the Seventh Plan nearly 141akh plants were set up in

15. the country. During the Eighth Plan, 7.5 lakh more plants were planned. The Plan also aimed at
popularizing the use of human excreta in the biogas plants.
Solar energy generation holds great promise in the country. It is estimated that total solar
insulations or exposure to the rays of the sun per square meter surface is quite high in India. For
greater part of the year during the day there is much bright sunshine throughout the country and
it can be used to our great advantage to produce power for industrial and domestic use. During
the Seventh Five Year Plan, manufacturing bases for thermal devices like solar cookers and solar
heating systems have been largely developed. Preparatory plant work for a solar thermal power
plant in Rajasthan was completed. During the Eighth Plan the use of solar
Thermal Energy for industrial water heaters, solar
cookers, solar timber kilns, solar desalination etc. were to be commercialized.
Similarly, solar photovoltaic cells, indigenously produced at BHEL and Central Electronics Ltd.
are being increasingly used under the Rural Electrification Programme in the remote villages
where it is not possible to carry the electric lines. During the Eighth Plan, development of
amorphous silicon cell was to be the main thrust area. Power generation system of 10 to 100 KW
capacity area being undertaken wherever this renewable Source of energy is available.
Steps have also been taken to harness the wind energy, Under a major demonstration programme
on wind energy, 32 MW capacity wind farms were set up in Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, Maharashtra
and Orissa. BHEL has already developed wind machines with 200 MW capacity. With the

16. entrance of private sector in the field, the use of wind energy has got the tremendous boost in
recent years. During the Seventh Plan itself 2,540 wind pumps were installed. The Eighth Plan
had the target of 100 MW wind power generation by using indigenous wind machines. The
operational programme of wind pumps for drinking water and irrigation is expanded and
modified. So this was an essay on renewable sources and energy.
The sooner the nations of the world reach a consensus on cutting the generation and emission of
green house gases, the better. It would be suicidal not to head the alarming bells which have
already started ringing as a result of our deliberate and systematic devastation and degradation of
so precious environment. Mankind’s environmental radar has begun to register the impact of
global warming, but it is too late, and too little has been done so far to check it. Our efforts to
check the global warming should include both preventive and curative measures. We should
develop both long and short term strategies to overcome the devil of environmental pollution.So
this was an essay on global warm
ong students Its effects And Causes !!
Essay And Article On : Science Has Benefited Us But Has It Civilized Us ?
Investopedia explains 'Renewable Resource'
Renewable resources have become a focal point of the environmental movement, both politically
and economically. Energy obtained from renewable resources puts much less strain on the
limited supply of fossil fuels (non-renewable resources). The problem with using renewable
resources on a large scale is a cost problem and in most cases, more research is needed to make
their use cost-effective.
Read more: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/r/renewable_resource.asp#ixzz2K137UdvM
Importance of Renewable Resources of Energy
by Eric Moll, Demand Media

17. Sunlight replenishes most renewable energy sources every day.
Thomas Northcut/Photodisc/Getty Images
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Definition & Examples of Renewable Resources
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What Challenges Can Result From Overuse of Renewable Resources?
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Do Nonrenewable Resources Cause Pollution?
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18. Save on Electricity Bills, Carry Energy Audit by UK based MNC
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Renewable energy is reliable and plentiful and will potentially be very cheap once technology
and infrastructure improve. It includes solar, wind, geothermal, hydropower and tidal energy,
plus biofuels that are grown and harvested without fossil fuels. Nonrenewable energy, such as
coal and petroleum, require costly explorations and potentially dangerous mining and drilling,
and they will become more expensive as supplies dwindle and demand increases. Renewable
energy produces only minute levels of carbon emissions and therefore helps combat climate
change caused by fossil fuel usage.
Renewable How?
Renewable energy sources are so named because, aside from geothermal and tidal energies, they
are replenished constantly by sunlight. Uneven solar heating of the Earth's surface causes wind.
Sunlight also fuels the water cycle, which is harnessed through hydropower, including
hydroelectric dams and less invasive systems that harness streams or ocean currents. Biofuels are
grown using sunlight. Geothermal energy is considered renewable because radioactive decay in
the Earth's core, which isn't expected to cool down any time soon, produces it. The gravitational
pull of the sun and moon causes the tides.
Accessibility
Coal, natural gas and oil reserves are finite and hidden. An unknown and limited amount of each
resource is buried deep underground or under the ocean. As more is harvested, finding new
sources becomes more difficult and more expensive, and exploiting them becomes more
challenging and sometimes dangerous as well. Marginal reserves, such as oil sands, require the
burning of huge amounts of natural gas to refine them into usable oil (see References 1). Drilling
under the ocean floor can lead to catastrophic accidents, such as the British Petroleum oil spill of
2010 (see References 2). Renewable energy, by contrast, is as easy to find as wind or sunlight.
Reliability, Stability and Safety
The daily price of oil depends on many factors, including political stability in historically volatile
regions. Political strife has caused energy crises, including those that occurred in 1973 and 1979
(see References 3). Renewable energy can be locally produced and therefore is not vulnerable to
distant political upheavals. Many of the safety concerns surrounding fossil fuels, such as
explosions on oil platforms and collapsing coal mines, do not exist with renewable energy.
Pollution
Renewable energy is far cleaner than fossil fuels. Coal mining and petroleum exploration and
refinement produce solid toxic wastes, such as mercury and other heavy metals. The burning of

19. coal to produce electricity uses large quantities of water, often discharges arsenic and lead into
surface waters and releases carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and mercury into the
air (see References 4). Gasoline and other petroleum products cause similar pollution. These
pollutants cause respiratory illnesses and death in humans, produce acid rain that damages
buildings and destroys fragile ecosystems, and deplete the ozone layer.
Climate Change
Strong consensus in the scientific community states that climate change and global warming are
occurring and are caused by human production of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases.
Climate change may also damage agriculture, cause widespread extinctions, imperil clean water
supplies and aid the spread of tropical diseases (see References 5).
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References
1. Canada National Energy Board: Canada's Oil Sands
2. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency: EPA Response to the BP Spill
3. Energy Information Administration: 25th Anniversary of the 1973 Oil Embargo
4. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency: Coal
5. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency: Health
6. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency: Non-Hydroelectric Renewable Energy
About the Author

20. Eric Moll began writing professionally in 2006. He wrote an opinion column for the "Arizona
Daily Wildcat" and worked as an editor for "Persona Literary Magazine." He has a Bachelor of
Science in environmental science and creative writing from the University of Arizona.
Photo Credits
Thomas Northcut/Photodisc/Getty Images
Importance of renewable energy sources
Renewable energy systems - General info
Lately there has been some problems in the supply of conventional energy sources (those that
come from fossil fuels) so it is really no wonder that more and more nations are interested to use
different renewable energy systems in order to satisfy their growing energy demand. All
renewable energy systems have one thing in common, namely the fact that there are harnessed
from nature. This means that they are constantly replenished unlike the fossil fuels that are likely
to run out in years to come. These advantages are making them more and more popular
compared to conventional energy sources.
Renewable energy sectors are all about using natural sources to create energy. These natural
sources usually include the sun, water, wind, and geothermal sources. The science and
technology are constantly developing so it is logical to expect even more renewable energy
sources in years to come, as well as the highly improved efficiency of existing ones.
Many people think of the sun, or to be more precise solar energy as the main future energy
source. Throughout the history of the humanity Sun has been used to give light and heat but
Sun's almost unlimited potential can provide electricity enough for the whole planet. Different
methods have been used to harness energy from Sun, and the simplest method is through the use
of a photovoltaic cells. Photovoltaic cells contain a special technology that traps the sun's energy
and converts it into electricity.
Water is also one very important source for clean renewable energy. The most common form of
using water to get electricity is hydroelectric energy that is acquired from large river dams.
Hydroelectric power stations are usually built in large river systems that have big quantifies of
water. The more water there is, the easier it is to produce kinetic energy, which is then used to
produce electricity. Beside hydroelectric energy there are also some other energy sources that
harness water to get electricity such as wave and tidal power.
Wind power is also one renewable energy sector in the rise, especially in some European
countries like Denmark and Germany. Basically wind power uses the same principle found in
hydroelectric dams to convert the wind kinetic energy to electricity. There are lots of windy areas

21. across the globe, and in many parts of the world people are trying to harness wind energy as
much as possible, though efficiency of this energy source still remains a big problem, largely
because of inconsistency of wind blowing.
Geothermal power is another excellent form of renewable energy system. Geothermal energy
uses the heat from deep inside the earth to produce electricity. Various methods have been
developed to do this, and the most common method is harnessing the steam that naturally comes
out of fissures on the ground. Geothermal energy is mostly used on Iceland.
It is not very had to conclude that if science and technology continue their development,
renewable energy systems could be more than enough to satisfy world energy demand in years to
come. If this happens this will have very positive effect by eliminating our dependence on fossil
fuels, which has blamed as the main factor contributing to climate change problem.
Main advantage of using renewable energy sources
Though there are some significant advantages in using renewable energy sources fossil fuels still
remain dominant energy sources in many parts of the world. For instance statistical data shows
that the United States still gets 90% of its electricity from fossil fuels and nuclear power plants.
Despite recent "go green" strategy in United States coal-burning power plants are still dominant
sources for producing electricity. Of course these power plants are also the country's largest
emitter of carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas that is mostly responsible for climate change and
global warming problem. Coal is really the main source of pollution and greenhouse gases
around the world, mainly because this fossil fuel is cheap and easily available which makes its
use justifiable from economic point of view.
Obama and the federal government are working hard to decrease country's reliance to coal power
by providing at least 20% of country's total energy demand from renewable sources of energy by
2020. Generally speaking ever-increasing use of fossil fuels has done big damage to our
environment and now we have to take care of that before it is too late. With this in mind
technology and science are working hard to introduce highly improved renewable energy sources
such as wind, solar, geothermal to lessen our dependence on coal and other fossil fuels.
Many energy experts agree that a very good start would be utilizing the power of the sun. This is
the oldest energy source that has vast potential so it is really a surprise why this technology has
not been used earlier. As the world energy demand keeps on growing there is also the need to
convert the sun's energy to electricity on a much larger scale. Solar power has potential to
become one of the most cost-effective renewable energy sources, with a little more investments
on solar panels and generators needed to really make the difference. Solar panels that are created
nowadays can be very easy adapted with the architectural design of modern-day homes and
office buildings. The negative factor are high installation costs that are still more expensive than
simply buying power from utility companies, but the benefits can soon bring back that bit more
money invested in it.
Wind energy is a cheaper alternative to solar power. There are growing number of people that
install do-it-yourself windmills on their lands to generate enough electricity for their homes,

22. ranches, and farms. Windmills of course have long history and tradition of using it, and if you're
on a windy location you should definitely consider using this renewable energy source. Some
countries like Denmark, Spain, Portugal and the Great Britain are utilizing wind farms to power
large portions of their communities. Modern-day wind turbines still haven't been used to their
full potential in United States, though there is significant progress in some U.S. states.
Geothermal energy is definitely a renewable energy source to consider. The trapped heat in
earth's core can be greater than 9,000 degrees Fahrenheit. By harnessing its steam we can turn
this heat into electricity. Besides this we can also use the energy from the underground directly
by installing geothermal heat pumps to generate home heating and cooling provisions for both
households as well as industrial facilities.
Sustainable energy future can be only done with the help of renewable energy sources and this
really is the main advantage that these energy sources have over traditional fossil fuels. World
has come to a point where it has to not only satisfy ever-growing energy demand but also to do
this on ecologically acceptable way in order to save our environment, and this can't be done
without the renewable energy sources.
Why is renewable energy sector so important?
Many energy experts believe that we are using negligible percentage of currently available
renewable energy, and that energy sector should be much more exploited than it is today. If we
could only be using a small part of currently available Sun's energy for instance that would be
more than enough to satisfy global energy demand couple of times.
Using renewable energy sources is not only highly beneficial from energetic point of view but
also from ecological point of view because by utilizing the renewable energy we can save our
environment for our future generations. Currently the most talked about renewable energy
sources are wind and sun, and many people see these two energy sources dominant in years to
come.
Our world needs quick awakening and much better use of renewable energy sources if we want
to save our planet. Fossil fuels are not only sources of tremendous pollution but also sources of
heat trapping gases, most notably CO2, responsible for climate change problem. Therefore it is
of vital importance to continue development in science in technology to improve efficiency and
cost-competitiveness of renewable energy sources so they'll be able to put fossil fuels aside.
There are certain drawbacks in using renewable energy. For instance the solar power is
significantly less effective in cloudy weather and the wind power highly ineffective to use during
calm days. But combining couple of renewable energy sources can hide these drawbacks. For
instance a home solar power has the ability to generate power all day while a home wind power
can generate power only when strong wind blows, so these systems can compliment each other
and make up for each others weaknesses.
Unless we choose renewable energy future as the "energy go guide" the world will not only have

23. problems with future energy demand but we'll be also creating tremendous environmental mess
that will make life of future generations very difficult.
Posted by Davor Habjanec
Marks: geothermal energy, renewable energy, solar energy, wind energy