history, present condition and tourism value and sight scene of this country

1. TRAVEL AND TOURISM

2. SUCHARITA NANDAN BATCH - C4 FIAT GARIAHAT

3. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT :- First of all I am, Sucharita Nandan very thankful to my parents for bring me at Frankfinn and providing the platform to learn. Secondly I want to say thanks to Frankfinn for providing us the environment, education, guidance & our lovely teacher Mrs. Mandy Sandy mam. And now the most important person from whom we came to know about Travel & Tourism. I want to say tanks to her. She taught us the basic of Travel & Tourism; clear our doubts appreciate our good work and rectify our mistake. So I think not only me the full of C4 batch is very thankful to mam. Thank you;

4. INTRODUCTION :- Once upon a time, people were started traveling from one place to another place for various reasons. From that day to till now people have not stopped rather them spread there views of travel to one country to another country even one planet to another planet and they are planning to move one galaxy to another galaxy. Previously people had to think, plan for his/her own travel. It is not so easy work, so for helping those travel lover one industry formed named Travel & Tourism. This industry handles each & every single thing of travel of a passenger, which they might need during his/her travel. So this industry formed to plan peoples travel according to their choice & satisfy them in exchange of money.

5. The Foundation of Singapore ● In 1819 modern Singapore was founded by Sir Stamford Raffles. ● By 1824 the population had risen to 10,000. P2a(A)

6. Modern Singapore ● On 5 September 1945 the British re-occupied Singapore. ● In 1963 Singapore joined with Malaysia. ● In 1965 Singapore became completely independent. ● From 1965 to the 1990s Singapore enjoyed rapid economic growth. Today Singapore remains a prosperous nation. It is also a very busy port. Today the population of Singapore is 4.5 million.

7. ► 1819 British occupy Singapore. ►1914-18 World War I. ►1945 British reoccupy Malaya. ►1965 Singapore leaves Malaysia and becomes an independent nation. ►2003 Malaysia's longest-serving Prime Minister Dr Mahathir retires. He is succeeded by his deputy Datuk Seri Abdullah Ahmad Badawi. History of Malaysia Chronology of Malaysia Independence

8. History of Thailand The first major Thai kingdom, at Sukhothai, was established in 1238 . It came under control of Ayutthaya in the 1370s .

9. The post-1973 years unstable period of democracy, with military rule. In the 1980s , Thailand was ruled by parliamentary politics. A general election on 23 December 2007 restored a civilian government.

11. ● At first independent Indonesia was a parliamentary democracy. ● However most Indonesians remained poor and in 1997 Indonesia was hit by a financial crisis. ● At the beginning of the 21st century the Indonesian economy began to recover and there is now every reason to be optimistic about its future. ● Today the population of Indonesia is 242 million. MODERN INDONESIA

12. TOURIST ATTRACTION Popular Places P2a(B)

13. 1. SINGAPORE

14. Jurong Sightseeing tours to Singapore is incomplete without tours to the Jurong Bird Park, One will be surprised to find so many different types of animals here in Singapore. Visitors can even observe nocturnal animals in their natural surroundings. Animal Domain

15. Ethnic Domain Singapore's Islands Museums Singapore is an island with over 50 surrounding islets. Some of these islets have become favorite theme parks, such as Sentosa Island. Over the years, Singapore's three major racial groups - Chinese, Malays, and Indians - have developed areas of architecture, customs, and colorful festivals There are many buildings in Singapore that date as far back as the colonial era. They are now progressively being converted for use as museums.

16. Natural Domains Other Attraction Colonial Singapore Orchard Road Singapore is awash with lush gardens and parklands as tropical greenery carpets the landscape. Interactive, entertaining, fabulously fun, and educational are the words to best describe these tourist attractions in Singapore. Colonial Singapore is a important tourist attractions in Singapore. Housed in the Empress Palace Building that was erected in 1867, Orchard Road - the nerve center for Singapore's shopping buffs and the main entertainment district of vibrant Singapore, entrances you with its many charms.

17. 2. MALAYSIA

18. Malaysia / Kuala Lumpur / The City Masjid Jamek National Sultan Abdul Samad Building Kuala Lumpur's oldest mosque sits right at the point where two rivers, Kuala Lumpur's most famous landmark bears testimony to the intricacies of Moorish design and architecture.

19. KL Tower Penang is well known for being the "food paradise" of Malaysia if not the whole of Asia. Malacca Historic Malacca carries traces of the area's fascinating colonial history. The third highest telecommunications tower in the world. Completed end of 1995,

20. Natural Attractions Malaysia-Beaches Malaysia-Caves Malaysia-Highlands Mountains Malaysia- Natural-Hot-Springs

21. Malaysia-Islands Malaysia-Lakes Malaysia-Rivers Seas Waterfalls

22. · 3.Thailand

23. Thailand / Bangkok / Attractions · Buddhist temples Thailand is a great place Wat Saket (Golden Mount) Wat Traimit (Golden Buddha)

24. More on Attractions: Popular places of Bangkok & pattaya Pattaya Beach View Pattaya , the biggest tourist attraction Coral island in Pattaya Pattaya , Places to see in Thailand Entering Pattaya from Bangkok Pattaya by night ….

25. Sukhothai Sunset, Thailand

26. 4.INDONESIA Indonesia / Jakarta / The City

27. BALI Stone Gate Elephant Cave Pura Jaman Ayun Pura Batukaru

28. Lovina

29. Kuta beach

30. Pictures of Bali including temples, and mountains

31. Documents required for visit those places: (Documents Required) » Diplomatic or official passport holders India do not need visa. Getting a Tourist Visa The applicant is required to have a passport valid for 6 months beyond the stay in Singapore. Visa is issued for the period of 1 month. It can be extended in Singapore to 3 months via the Immigration Department. P3a(A) 1.Singapore

33. Embassy / Commission High Commission for Singapore : Consulate of Singapore in Kolkata (Calcutta) C/o DBS Centre, Circular Court 8, A.J.C. Bose Road Kolkata - 700 017 Telephone: (91 33) 2247 4990/0400 Processing Time It can take anytime from 4 days to 4 weeks. It is better to allow plenty of time.

35. (Documents Required) PASSPORTS: Visitors must be in possession of national passports or other internationally recognized travel documents, endorsed for traveling in Malaysia and with a validity period of at least six months beyond the time of stay allowed in Malaysia. Note: All visitors must also have proof of adequate funds and an onward or return sea or air ticket. 2.MALAYSIA

36. VISAS: No visas are required for citizens of Commonwealth countries (except Bangladesh, India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka), One Month Visa-Free Visit Applicable to citizens of ASEAN countries Note: All visitors must also have proof of adequate funds and an onward or return sea or air ticket.

37. Embassy / Commission High Commission for Malaysia : Chancery: 50-M, Satya Marg, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi-110021 Phones : 6111291-93, 6111297 TLX: 31-72156 WKIL IN Fax : 6881538 (telefax) email pop: mwndelhi@del2.vsnl.net.in Working Hours : Monday to Friday: 8:30am to 4:30pm

40. 4. INDONESIA Passports: For arrival and departure of the Indians visas are required. No employment is allowed on these visas or on the visa-free entry facility. All visitors must have passports valid for at least six months and proof of onward passage. Visas : Citizens of India will be required to apply for a visa before entering Indonesia. Visas for a period of 30 days can he obtained from any Indonesian embassy or consulate overseas.

41. Embassy / Commission High Commission for Indonesia : Honorary Consulate of Indonesia in Calcutta, India 157 Jodhpur Park 700068 Calcutta, India City: Calcutta Phone: (91-33) 2414-8681 Fax: (91-33) 2473-2157 Email: [email_address]

44. 1. In-flight Duty Free Shopping :- 2. In-flight Entertainment :- Other services & assistance : 2 types : THAI’s new interactive AVOD system offers literally hundreds of options. With larger screens and touch-control commands, passengers can choose between many of the latest multi-lingual hit movies, classic oldies and popular TV programmes. There are news, travel, destination and information channels, music from jazz to classical, Asian and Western, to please every taste, plus interactive games and kids cartoons. Passengers can learn the basics of a new language. THAI is pleased to provide passengers on all its international flights with a wide range of tempting duty free shopping opportunities. A selection of liquors and miscellaneous products is available for immediate purchase, with payment made on board your flight

47. The following goods may be imported into Singapore by passengers of 18 years or older without incurring customs duty: 1l of spirits, 1l of wine and 1l of beer; for bona fide tourists, gifts and food items up to the value of S$150 if away from Singapore less than 48 hours and S$300 if away from Singapore for 48 hours or more. Note: These allowances do not apply if arriving from Malaysia. Restricted items : Chewing gum and tobacco products must be declared upon arrival. Prohibited items : Firearms, non-prescribed drugs, all pornographic films and literature. Export permits are required for arms, ammunition, explosives, animals, telecommunications equipment, film and video tapes and disks, precious metals and stones, drugs and poisons. Meat and meat products are all strictly forbidden. Duty-free cigarettes are prohibited. The penalties for possession of narcotics are severe and visitors not complying with drug regulations do so at the risk of death. DUTY FREE

55. A J OURNEY T HROUGH MALAYSIA & THAILAND @ Rs-32,000/-(visa & taxes are inclusive) P4b

60. DAY 5: Morning transfer to the Bangkok (BKK), SUVARNABHUMI International Airport and (30.12.07) at 10am fly to Kolkata (CCU), NETAJI SUBHAS CHANDRA International Airport , with Thai Airways flight [ TG313 ] , afternoon arrival . (BKK), SUVARNABHUMI International Airport (CCU), NETAJI SUBHAS CHANDRA International Airport

77. The name "Schengen" originates from a small town in Luxembourg. In June 1985, seven European Union countries signed a treaty to end internal border checkpoints and controls. More countries have joined the treaty over the past years. At present, there are 15 Schengen countries, all in Europe. The 15 Schengen countries are: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, Italy, Greece, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain and Sweden. All these countries except Norway and Iceland are European Union members. D1, D2, D3

79. What is Schengen Visa ? The Schengen Visa is a single tourist visa for that you can use to visit 15 European countries without the need of separate visas for each country. This visa allows hassle free internal travel (air, road, train etc.) between these countries. This visa allows the visitors (for leisure, tourism, or business) to travel freely within the Schengen countries for a maximum stay of up to 90 days in a 6 month period. It is recommended to plan your journey within the timeframe of the Schengen Visa, as extensions can be very difficult to obtain, thus forcing you to leave these countries. Please note that only 13 out of the 25 European Unions (EU) countries participate in the Schengen Visa program plus Iceland and Norway. This visa allows you to enter the following countries Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland Italy, Luxemburg, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and The Netherlands

80. Where to Apply for a Schengen Visa ? If you intend to visit only one Schengen country, you must apply at the Embassy or Consulate of that particular country. You should apply at the Embassy or Consulate responsible for the state where you live. If you intend to visit several Schengen countries, you must apply for a visa at the Embassy or Consulate of the country which is your main destination. If you intend to visit several Schengen countries but do not have a main destination, you should apply for a visa at the Embassy or Consulate of the country which is your first point of entry.

81. 3, Raja Santosh Road, Alipore, Kolkata - 700 027 Tel : 0091-33-24792414/ 24792426 Fax : 0091-33-24793892 E-mail: [email_address] Opening for the public: Monday-Thursday 9.00 -17.00 Friday: 9.00 - 15.30 Telephone number to contact outside office hours exclusively for emergency cases - regarding Italian Nationals in distress: 0091- 98312-12216 The Consulate General of Italy in Kolkata:

83. History of France

86. In 1830s Germany began to industrialize. GERMANY IN THE EARLY 20TH CENTURY In 1919 the German government were forced to sign the Versailles Treaty. THE SECOND WORLD WAR In 1953 there was a wave of strikes in East Germany. A Brief History of Germany

87. On 9 November 1989 the Berlin Wall was opened. In 1999 Germany joined the euro. Today Germany is a wealthy country with a high standard of living. Germany is famous for making plastics, paints and pharmaceuticals as well as cars, electrical goods and computers. Germany is also famous for its exports of wine, beer and sausages. In 2005 Angela Merkel became Germany's first woman Chancellor. Today the population of Germany is 82 million.

88. A BRIEF HISTORY OF ITALY In the 17th century the Italian economy entered a long recession. In the late 14th and 15th centuries a great cultural change came over Italy. It is called the Renaissance, which means 'rebirth'.

91. POPULAR PLACES TOURIST ATTRACTION

92. 1.FRANCE

93. Arc de Triomphe Parisians refer to the Arc de Triomphe as L’Etoile, and revere it as a symbol of French national spirit. Located in the center of the worlds largest roundabout, the Arc de Triomphe towers 164 feet above the ground.

94. The Champs Elysées The Avenue des Champs-Élysées is the most famous avenue in the world, 2 km long and 70 meters wide. It's a marvellous place for walking (day and night). You can admire the perspective of from Arch of Triumph to Concorde Square .

95. The Eiffel Tower, an icon of Paris, is a wonder of design and structure, and an impressive sight worth getting close to. Ascend the tower for spectacular views of Paris . The Eiffel Tower tops out at over 1,000 feet, containing 2 restaurants, a souvenir shop, a post office (for that one of a kind postmark), snack bar, and a viewing area. Eiffel Tower

96. N i c e B e a c h e s In Nice France beaches run along the entire seafront. The Nice beaches are some of the most visited of all French Riviera beaches.

97. Disneyland Paris Disneyland Paris is located 19 miles east of Paris . It is a full-featured vacation paradise with hotels, Disneyland Park, Walt Disney Studios, rides, a golf course, and the magic of Disneyland.

98. Notre Dame Notre Dame Cathedral is an impressive marvel of medieval architecture. Started in 1163 and completed in 1330, Notre Dame Cathedral has a striking gothic exterior, two broad towers, and plenty of sweeping arches.

99. 2.Frankfurt, G e r m a n y

100. The Bavarian Alps The Bavarian Alps offer some of Germany’s most breathtaking views. From the slops of these ancient mountains, one can survey the German landscape in all of its glory.

101. The Berlin Wall Museum Germany's past is incredibly rich, full of amazing events, achievements, and tragedies. As a result, it can be overwhelming deciding what to pursue. Well, without a doubt, one of the most interesting parts of German history involves the history of the Berlin Wall.

102. The Black Forest The Black Forest in Germany is one of the best places you can go to explore some of the natural beauty the country has to offer

103. The Romantic Road With over 210 miles of beautiful sights to see, the Romantic Road in Germany is one of the country's best tourist routes. The Romantic Road itself was built in 1951 by the mayor of Augsburg.

104. Burg Eltz Castle Perhaps the most famous of German castles, Burg Eltz Castle is a towering medieval structure located in a lush forest in the Lower Moselle Valley near Koblenz.

105. Cologne Cathedral The Cologne cathedral is part of the Roman Catholic Church and hosts the Archbishop of Cologne.

106. Linderhof Castle King Ludwig II commissioned the construction of three castles during his reign, but it was only in Linderhof Castle that he spent any significant amount of time. Compared to the other of Ludwig's castles Linderhof stands in start contrast.

107. 3.Italy

108. Vatican Museum The history of the Vatican and the history of the Catholic Church are barely separable. The religious center of Europe since its inception, presiding over the Middle ages, through the enlightenment and still to this day.

109. Trevi Fountain The Trevi Fountain in Rome dominates a small square in the heart of the city near the Spanish Steps. Began in 1732 by Niccolo Salvi and influenced by both the city's numerous victory arches and Roman Mythology in general, the fountain is one of the most visited landmarks in the city. And in Rome, that is saying something.

110. Leaning Tower of Pisa Everyone makes mistakes. It's a simple fact of life. But, unlike, the architect who designed the Leaning tower of Pisa Italy , most people's mistakes does not weigh 14,500 tonnes. People of Pisa don't just like the leaning tower, they adore it. But perhaps it's just a front for the tourist trade.

111. Roman Amphitheatre Towns, the amphitheater was often the only source of entertainment in the city. Even thousands of years later, these ancient amphitheaters are amongst the biggest tourist attractions in the country.

112. Mount Etna Volcano Mount Etna is the most active volcano in the world. The ancient Greeks believed it to be the home of Vulcan, the god of fire - to them, Mount Etna erupting merely meant Vulcan was forging weapons for Mars, the god of war.

113. Church of the Miracles Another find in the northern Cannaregio section of Venice is the Church of the Miracles, or Santa Maria dei Miracoli.

114. Bridge of Sighs Perhaps when it comes to romance, Venice, Italy could claim the label of most romantic city in the world. Spanning the Palazzo Rio, or Palace River, is the historically eerie Venice Bridge of Sighs.

115. 4.Spain

116. Picasso Museum Malaga and Barcelona have long claimed Pablo Picasso as their own, with the result that both boast an impressive Picasso Museum, and each city offers a unique historical tour that sheds light on the famous artist’s life and time.

117. Alhambra The Alhambra in Spain is the best conserved Arabian palace of its epoch. The name Alhambra means “the red one” and refers to the color of the fortress walls.

118. . The Prado Museum El Museo del Prado (the Prado Museum) should be at the top of any traveler’s to-do list when visiting the Spanish capital of Madrid .

119. Mezquita Cordoba Magnificent and striking the Mezquita Cordoba traces its place in history as an established place of worship as far back as Ancient Rome .

122. A JOURNEY TO ITALY, GERMANY, FRANCE & SPAIN @Rs-1,35,000/-(visa & taxes are inclusive)

123. DAY 1: At 0055hrs dep from CCU With LH751 and at 0725hrs arr. to FRA . (08.09.08) At 1150hrs dep from FRA with LH3846 and arr at 1735hrs to FCO . Stay 2 nights at the “ Junico Hotel ”. FRA FCO CCU

124. DAY 2: A visit to Baroque, transport by minibus. (09.09.08)

125. DAY 3: Morning at 0500hrs transfer Rome to Florence by AC Volvo coach. (10.09.08) And transfer to the hotel “ Bonociani ” for 1 night stay and a visit to Pisa tower at 1130hrs.

126. DAY 4: Morning transfer Florence to Venice, “ Trieste ” hotel for 1 night (11.09.08) stay. Half day city tour including Burnao, Murnao, Tercello. Burnao Murnao Tercello

127. DAY 5: Morning transfer Venice to Berlin by Eurail. Hop on and hop of tour (12.09.08) by AC coach to Altes Museum, Berlin wall. 1 night stay in “ Agon Frankfurter ”. Berlin wall

128. DAY 6: Morning transfer Berlin to France by Eurail. Afternoon transfer to (13.09.08) the hotel “ Madrid Opera ” for 3 nights. In the evening Illumination of Paris.

129. DAY 7: Morning, tour to (14.09.08) Montmarte Grand Louver Montparnasse Tower,

130. DAY 8: One full day in Disneyland. Transport by minibus. (15.09.08)

131. DAY 9: Morning transfer Paris to Barcelona by Eurail. Stay 2 nights at the (16.09.08) hotel “ Condestable ”.

132. DAY 10: Hop on & hop of tour by bus to Sagrada Familia, Barrio gotico, (17.09.08) Parc Guell. Parc Guell.

133. DAY 11: Morning transfer Barcelona to Madrid by AC Volvo coach and (18.09.08) transfer to the hotel “ Medium Cortezo ” for 2 nights . Afternoon a visit to Madrid Panoramic Tower.

134. DAY 12: A visit to Madrid zoo. (19.09.08)

135. DAY 13: At 0620hrs dep from MAD by LH4417 and arr at 0855hrs to FRA . (20.09.08) At 1035hrs dep from FRA with LH750 and arr at 2305hrs to CCU . MAD CCU

137. CONCLUSION :- Now a day Travel & Tourism industry become so promising that it becomes a part of our life. Now if we plan to go somewhere first of all we have to contact a travel agent, they will make itinerary for us. So there is the importance Travel & Tourism, they will arrange every thing what we will need during this days. From the class we came to know that what is IATA, PATA, UFTAA, ICAO etc and their activities and importance. We also came to know Fare Calculation, Time Calculation how to make an itinerary for our passenger, procedure of Airport while a passenger going to national or international destination. I think this class has given us a lot of information about this industry, which will certainly help us in our future. Thank you: