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Stu Jay Raj’s 5x5 Thai Consonant Map - Phonetic Map of the Human Mouth                                                      Copyright by Kogneit 2009

             Stop Throat       Aspirated        Aspirated**       Aspirated***          Nasal          Semi Vowel    Sibilant    ‘H’ Aspirated            Voice Base




Guttural



            ก                 ข                 ค                 ฆ                  ง                                           ห                       อ
                                                ช                                   ญ
                                                                                                                                    Guttural           Produced in the back of
Palatal                                                                                                                                                the throat

                                                                                                                                    Palatal            Flattened tongue on roof


            จ                 ฉ                 ซ                 ฌ                 ญ                  ย            ศ
                                                                                                                                                       of mouth

                                                                                                                                    Cerebral           Rolled back tongue on
                                                                                                                                                       roof of mouth




            ฎ
                                                                                                                                    Dental             Tongue on teeth
Dental*                                                                                                 Cerebral
                                                                                                                                    Labial             Lips




            ฏ                 ฐ                 ฑ                ฒ                  ณ                  ร            ษ
                                                                                                                                    Stop Throat        Start with closed throat

                                                                                                                                    Aspirated          Throat opens ‘h’ puff over
                                                                                                                                                       consonant




            ด
                                                                                                                                    Voiced             Voice resonates over
Dental                                                                                                                                                 consonant

                                                                                                                                    Voiced Aspirated   Voice resonates throat
                                                                                                                                                       opens - ‘h’ puff


            ต                 ถ                 ท                 ธ                 น                  ล            ส               Nasal


                                                                                                                                    Semi Vowel
                                                                                                                                                       Sound directed
                                                                                                                                                       through nose

                                                                                                                                                       Produced in the back of



            บ                 ผ                 พ
                                                                                                                                                       the throat
 Labial
                                                                                                                                    Sibilant           ‘S’ hissing sound




            ป                 ฝ                 ฟ                 ภ                  ม                 ว
                                                                                                                                    ‘H’ Aspirated      ‘H’ sound open throat


                                                                                                                                    Voice Base         Root symbol
                                                                                                                                                       signifying voice


             Mid Class         High Class        Low Class         Low Class         Low Class         Low Class    High Class    High Class                  Mid Class

           * Originate from Cerebral ** Originate from Aspirated *** Originate from Voiced Aspirated                                           Layout by N13 graphic
Thai Consonants
Name                Class                                     Initial   Final   Name                    Class                                        Initial   Final
ก      กอ ไก่        M      kɔɔ kày          chicken           k        k      ภ        ภอ สำเภา         L     phɔɔ sǎmphaw         sailing ship     ph       p
ข      ขอ ไข่         H     khɔ̌ɔ khày       egg               kh       k      ม        มอ ม้า           L     mɔɔ máa              horse            m        m
ค      คอ ควาย        L     khɔɔ khwaay       buffalo           kh       k      ย        ยอ ยักษ์         L     yɔɔ yak               giant            y        y
ฆ      ฆอ ระฆัง       L     khɔɔ rakhaŋ       bell              kh       k      ร        รอ เรือ          L     rɔɔ ru̶a              boat             r        n
ง      งอ งู          L     ŋɔɔ ŋuu           snake             ŋ        ŋ      ล        ลอ ลิง           L     lɔɔ liŋ               monkey           l        n
จ      จอ จาน        M      cɔɔ caan          plate             c        t      ว        วอ แหวน          L     wɔɔ wɛ̌ɛn             ring             w        w
ฉ      ฉอ ฉิ่ง        H     chɔ̌ɔ chiŋ        cymbals           ch       t      ศ        ศอ ศาลา          H     sɔ̌ɔ sǎalaa          pavilion         s        t
ช      ชอ ช้าง        L     chɔɔ cháaŋ       elephant          ch       t      ษ        ษอ ฤษี           H     sɔ̌ɔ ru̶sǐi           ascetic          s        t
ซ      ซอ โซ่         L     sɔɔ sôo          chain             s        t      ส        สอ เสือ          H     sɔ̌ɔ sǔ̶a            tiger            s        t
ฌ      ฌอ เฌอ         L     chɔɔ chəə         tree              ch       t      ห        หอ หีบ           H     hɔ̌ɔ hı̀ip            box              h        -
ญ      ญอ หญิง        L     yɔɔ yǐŋ           girl              y        n      อ        ออ อ่าง          M     ɔɔ àaŋ               bowl             zero     -
ฎ      ฎอ ชฎา        M      dɔɔ chádaa       theatrical crown d         t
ฏ      ฏอ ปฏัก       M      tɔɔ patàk        goad              t        t      Final Consonant Sound -p -t -k -m -n -ŋ -y -w
ฐ      ฐอ ฐาน         H     thɔ̌ɔ thǎan      base              th       t
ฑ      ฑอ มณโฑ        L     thɔɔ monthoo      Indra’s Queen     th       t      Vowels
ฒ      ฒอ ผู้เฒ่า     L     thɔɔ pûu thâw   old person        th       t      -อ       -ɔɔ            -ึ       -u̶            เ-อะ        -ə       แ-        -ɛɛ
ณ      ณอ เณร         L     nɔɔ neen          novice            n        n      -ະ       -a             -ื       -u̶u̶          เ-ะ         -e       แ-็-      -ɛ
ด      ดอ เดก        M      dɔɔ dèk          child             d        t      -ั       -a             -ุ       -u             เ-า         -aw      แ-ะ       -ɛ
ต      ตอ เต่า       M      tɔɔ tàw          turtle            t        t      -ัว      -ua            -ู       -uu            เ-าะ        -ɔ       โ-        -oo
ถ      ถอ ถุง         H     thɔ̌ɔ thǔŋ       bag               th       t      -า       -aa            เ-       -ee            เ-ิ-        -əə      โ-ะ       -o
ท      ทอ ทหาร        L     thɔ̌ɔ thahǎan    soldier           th       t      -ำ       -am            เ-็-     -e             เ-ีย        -ia      ใ-        -ay
ธ      ธอ ธง          L     thɔ̌ɔ thoŋ        flag              th       t      -ิ       -i             เ-ย      -əəy           เ-ีียะ      -ia      ไ-        -ay
น      นอ หนู         L     nɔɔ nuu           mouse             n        n      -ี       -ii            เ-อ      -əə            เ-ือ        -u̶a
บ      บอ ใบไม้      M      bɔɔ bay máay     leaf              b        p
ป      ปอ ปลา        M      pɔɔ plaa          fish              p        p      Tone Summary
ผ      ผอ ผึ้ง        H     phɔ̌ɔ phû̶ŋ      bee               ph       p      Class          Normal   Máy èek         Long dead      Máy thoo   Short dead
ฝ      ฝอ ฝา          H     fɔ̌ɔ fǎa         lid               f        p          H


พ      พอ พาน         L     phɔɔ phaan        tray              ph       p          M


ฟ      ฟอ ฟัน         L     fɔɔ fan           tooth             f        p          L

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Thai consonant map 2.0 stuart jay raj

  • 1. Stu Jay Raj’s 5x5 Thai Consonant Map - Phonetic Map of the Human Mouth Copyright by Kogneit 2009 Stop Throat Aspirated Aspirated** Aspirated*** Nasal Semi Vowel Sibilant ‘H’ Aspirated Voice Base Guttural ก ข ค ฆ ง ห อ ช ญ Guttural Produced in the back of Palatal the throat Palatal Flattened tongue on roof จ ฉ ซ ฌ ญ ย ศ of mouth Cerebral Rolled back tongue on roof of mouth ฎ Dental Tongue on teeth Dental* Cerebral Labial Lips ฏ ฐ ฑ ฒ ณ ร ษ Stop Throat Start with closed throat Aspirated Throat opens ‘h’ puff over consonant ด Voiced Voice resonates over Dental consonant Voiced Aspirated Voice resonates throat opens - ‘h’ puff ต ถ ท ธ น ล ส Nasal Semi Vowel Sound directed through nose Produced in the back of บ ผ พ the throat Labial Sibilant ‘S’ hissing sound ป ฝ ฟ ภ ม ว ‘H’ Aspirated ‘H’ sound open throat Voice Base Root symbol signifying voice Mid Class High Class Low Class Low Class Low Class Low Class High Class High Class Mid Class * Originate from Cerebral ** Originate from Aspirated *** Originate from Voiced Aspirated Layout by N13 graphic
  • 2. Thai Consonants Name Class Initial Final Name Class Initial Final ก กอ ไก่ M kɔɔ kày chicken k k ภ ภอ สำเภา L phɔɔ sǎmphaw sailing ship ph p ข ขอ ไข่ H khɔ̌ɔ khày egg kh k ม มอ ม้า L mɔɔ máa horse m m ค คอ ควาย L khɔɔ khwaay buffalo kh k ย ยอ ยักษ์ L yɔɔ yak giant y y ฆ ฆอ ระฆัง L khɔɔ rakhaŋ bell kh k ร รอ เรือ L rɔɔ ru̶a boat r n ง งอ งู L ŋɔɔ ŋuu snake ŋ ŋ ล ลอ ลิง L lɔɔ liŋ monkey l n จ จอ จาน M cɔɔ caan plate c t ว วอ แหวน L wɔɔ wɛ̌ɛn ring w w ฉ ฉอ ฉิ่ง H chɔ̌ɔ chiŋ cymbals ch t ศ ศอ ศาลา H sɔ̌ɔ sǎalaa pavilion s t ช ชอ ช้าง L chɔɔ cháaŋ elephant ch t ษ ษอ ฤษี H sɔ̌ɔ ru̶sǐi ascetic s t ซ ซอ โซ่ L sɔɔ sôo chain s t ส สอ เสือ H sɔ̌ɔ sǔ̶a tiger s t ฌ ฌอ เฌอ L chɔɔ chəə tree ch t ห หอ หีบ H hɔ̌ɔ hı̀ip box h - ญ ญอ หญิง L yɔɔ yǐŋ girl y n อ ออ อ่าง M ɔɔ àaŋ bowl zero - ฎ ฎอ ชฎา M dɔɔ chádaa theatrical crown d t ฏ ฏอ ปฏัก M tɔɔ patàk goad t t Final Consonant Sound -p -t -k -m -n -ŋ -y -w ฐ ฐอ ฐาน H thɔ̌ɔ thǎan base th t ฑ ฑอ มณโฑ L thɔɔ monthoo Indra’s Queen th t Vowels ฒ ฒอ ผู้เฒ่า L thɔɔ pûu thâw old person th t -อ -ɔɔ -ึ -u̶ เ-อะ -ə แ- -ɛɛ ณ ณอ เณร L nɔɔ neen novice n n -ະ -a -ื -u̶u̶ เ-ะ -e แ-็- -ɛ ด ดอ เดก M dɔɔ dèk child d t -ั -a -ุ -u เ-า -aw แ-ะ -ɛ ต ตอ เต่า M tɔɔ tàw turtle t t -ัว -ua -ู -uu เ-าะ -ɔ โ- -oo ถ ถอ ถุง H thɔ̌ɔ thǔŋ bag th t -า -aa เ- -ee เ-ิ- -əə โ-ะ -o ท ทอ ทหาร L thɔ̌ɔ thahǎan soldier th t -ำ -am เ-็- -e เ-ีย -ia ใ- -ay ธ ธอ ธง L thɔ̌ɔ thoŋ flag th t -ิ -i เ-ย -əəy เ-ีียะ -ia ไ- -ay น นอ หนู L nɔɔ nuu mouse n n -ี -ii เ-อ -əə เ-ือ -u̶a บ บอ ใบไม้ M bɔɔ bay máay leaf b p ป ปอ ปลา M pɔɔ plaa fish p p Tone Summary ผ ผอ ผึ้ง H phɔ̌ɔ phû̶ŋ bee ph p Class Normal Máy èek Long dead Máy thoo Short dead ฝ ฝอ ฝา H fɔ̌ɔ fǎa lid f p H พ พอ พาน L phɔɔ phaan tray ph p M ฟ ฟอ ฟัน L fɔɔ fan tooth f p L