2. What is Water?
- is a chemical substance with
the chemical formula H2O. A
water molecule contains one
oxygen and two hydrogen atoms
connected by covalent bonds.
3. -is a liquid at ambient
conditions, but it often co-
exists on Earth with its solid
state, ice, and gaseous state
(water vapor or steam).
4. -a liquid crystal state near
hydrophilic surfaces. Under
nomenclature used to name
chemical compounds,
Dihydrogen monoxide is the
scientific name for water.
5. Facts and FIGURE
Water covers 70.9% of the
Earth's surface, and is vital for
all known forms of life.
On Earth, 96.5% of the planet's
water is found in oceans,
6. 1.7% in groundwater,
1.7% in glaciers and
the ice caps of
Antarctica and
Greenland, a small
fraction in other large
water bodies.
7. 0.001% in the air as vapor,
clouds (formed of solid and
liquid water particles
suspended in air), and
precipitation. Only 2.5% of the
Earth's water is freshwater,
and
9. Less than 0.3% of all freshwater
is in rivers, lakes, and the
atmosphere, and an even smaller
amount of the Earth's
freshwater (0.003%) is contained
within biological bodies and
manufactured products
11. Declaration of Policy.
The State shall pursue a policy of economic
growth in a manner consistent with the protection,
preservation and revival of the quality of our fresh,
brackish and marine waters.
12. To achieve this end,
the framework for
sustainable
development shall be
pursued. As such, it
shall be the policy of
the State.
14. This Act shall apply to water quality
management in all water bodies:
Provided, That it shall primarily
apply to the abatement and control of
pollution from land based sources:
15. Provided, further, That the
water quality standards and
regulations and the civil
liability and penal provisions
under this Act shall be
enforced irrespective of
sources of pollution.
16. Role
Each local government unit shall,
through its Environment and
Natural Resources Office (ENRO)
established in Republic Act
No.7160, have the following
powers and functions:
17. Monitoring of water quality;
Emergency response;
Compliance with the framework
of the Water Quality
Management Action Plan;
18. To take active participation in all efforts
concerning water quality protection and
rehabilitation; and
To coordinate with other government
agencies and civil society and the
concerned sectors in the implementation
of measures to prevent and control water
pollution
22. -through its attached agencies,
such as the MWSS, LWUA, and
including other urban water
utilities for the provision or
sewerage and sanitation facilities
and the efficient and safe
collection, treatment and disposal
of sewage within their area of
jurisdiction;
24. -shall coordinate with the
Department(DENR), in the
formulation of guidelines for the re-
use of wastewater for irrigation and
other agricultural uses and for the
prevention, control and abatement of
pollution from agricultural and
aquaculture activities:
27. Department of Science and
Technology,
in coordination with the
Department and other
concerned agencies
28. -shall prepare a program for
the evaluation, verification,
development and public
dissemination of pollution
prevention and cleaner
production technologies; and
30. -shall be primarily responsible
for the prevention and control of
water pollution for the
development, management and
conservation of the fisheries and
aquatic resources;
31. Department of Education
(DepEd), Commission Higher
Education (CHED), Department
of the Interior and Local
Government (DILG) and
Philippine Information Agency
(PIA)
32. -shall assist and coordinate
with the Department in, the
preparation and
implementation of a
comprehensive program
pursuant to the objectives of
this Act.
33. Fines, Damages and Penalties
Any Violates any of the
provision of this Act or
its implementing rules
and regulations, shall be
fined by the Secretary
38. Such failure or refusal
which results in serious
injury or loss of life and/or
irreversible water
contamination of surface,
ground, coastal and marine
water
41. LAND DEGRADATION
- is a concept in which the
value of the biophysical
environment is affected by one or
more combination of human-
induced processes acting upon
the land.
42. Facts and Figure
Extent in many parts of the
world, with more than 20
percent of all cultivated areas,
30 percent of forests and 10
percent of grasslands
undergoing degradation.
43. An estimated 1.5 billion
people, or a quarter of the
world's population, depend
directly on land that is being
degraded.
44. 22 percent of degrading land
is in very arid to dry-sub-
humid areas, while 78 percent
of it is in humid regions.
46. Fertile soils erode away,
Indigenous trees are removed,
Alien plants invade an area,
Farm land is used for housing,
Soils become salty through poor
irrigation, or
Soils are degraded by acid
pollution and heavy
58. Facts and Figure
At least 15 species have
gone extinct over the past
few decades. The real
extinction figure is believed
to be much higher, however,
due to the conservative
approach used in such
listings;
59. Thousands of animal, plant
and lichen species are now
considered at risk of
extinction;
60. One in three amphibians
(32%) and almost half (42%) of
turtles and tortoises are now
known to be threatened with
extinction, along with one in
eight birds (12%) and one in
four mammals (23%);
79. CORAL REEF DESTRUCTION
-human activity is taking a tall
on a vital marine ecosystem, one
that protect coastlines and
provides a habitat for a rich
variety of marine life.
wild decay of coral reefs
80. Benefits of Coral Reefs
Coral reefs are rich sources of
marine life
Carbon dioxide threatens reefs
Source of Food and Medicine
81. Facts and figure
Coral reefs, one of the richest
and most interesting
ecosystems on the planet,
provide shelter and food for a
wide array of living organisms.
82. The coral reefs of the Philippines
are among the most diverse,
providing a home to more than
900 fish species and more than
400 coral species, including
many that are endemic to the
area.
83. The Philippine coral reefs total
about 6.5 million acres (26,000
square kilometers). More than
7,000 islands and the warm ocean
waters that surround them have
resulted in numerous reefs, both
small and large, around the
country.
84. Causes of the Destruction of
Coral Reefs
1. Global Change Threats
2. Direct Human Pressure
3. The Human
Dimension(governance,
awareness and political will
