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Ch 8 settling the west upload
Ch 8 settling the west upload
Mining Centers
   Virginia City
  Comstock Lode




City of Comstock Lode:
Frontier City to BOOM
TOWN. Had an Opera house
and first 6 story hotel that
had and ELAVATOR!
Ch 8 settling the west upload
Ch 8 settling the west upload
Ch 8 settling the west upload
Prospecting




The Gold Rush Swarmed in… all
looking to get RICH overnight!
• Dry farming Allows cultivation
     of arid (dry) land by using
    drought-resistant crops and
  various techniques to minimize
            evaporation.
Invention of
             Barbed Wire


Joseph Glidden
•Barbed wire fence was a
 lifesaver because of the
 lack of wood in the dry
    plains of America.
•Barbed wire also solved
  the problems between
  farmers and ranchers.
Steel   Allowed farmers to cut through
Plow    dense, root-choked sod.
Mechanized   Reduced labor force needed for harvest. Allows farmers to
  Reaper     maintain larger farms.
Steel   Powers irrigation systems and pumps up
Windmill ground water.
Homestead Act was a law developed in
1862 by Congress to promote settlement of
            the Great Plains.
 Age 21 and the head of the family could
have 160 acres of land if they improved it
              in five years
 Could buy it for a small amount of $$$
    The US Government encouraged
westward expansion and the Homestead
Act allowed thousands of settlers to move
         west and start new lives.
Ch 8 settling the west upload
Ch 8 settling the west upload
Ch 8 settling the west upload
A Pioneer’s Sod House, SD
Ch 8 settling the west upload
Population
Changes in the
West, 1850 to
    1900
•May 10, 1869 at Promontory, Utah
    •“The Wedding of the Rails”
 •Central Pacific and Union Pacific
Promontory, Utah
U.S. Indian Policy
Tribes of
the Great
  Plains
  Sioux

Cheyenne

  Crow

Arapaho

 Kiowa
Ch 8 settling the west upload
•Massacre of
  Buffalo
  •Take away
    the food
 source from
   the Native
American and
  they will be
    forced to
submit and go
      to the
 reservations.


     Skull
Map 13 of 45
•1871 to 1875, the US supported the
extermination of 11 million buffalo.
Differences in land ownership
                               clash




          Railroad
    Settlers trespassing
       on Indian Land
     Discovery of gold
   Slaughter of the buffalo
      Broken treaties
Dawes Act of 1887
Quicker Americanization
  Assimilate, mainstreamed and absorbed into US society
   Adopt Christianity and White education
   Individual land ownership
Abandon   tribe, culture and become farmers
Male claimed 160 acres of land
Children would be sent to Indian schools
Farm land for 25 years.
1924 gain citizenship and right to vote
Failed policy
   Indian resistance and corruption
Indian Assimilation Attempts
• Native American children were taken to off-
    reservation Indian schools where they
      would be taught white man’s ways.

• ASSIMILATE- To absorb one into a culture
Dawes Act (1887)




Carlisle Indian School, PA
•Discovery
  of gold
 was often
 on Indian
   land.
 •Some of
  the key
  battles
   fought
    were
around the
  mining
   areas.
There goes the
                       Gold!   neighborhood!

   Gold discovered in the
         Black Hills.
   Govt. tries to purchase
    the land, but the Sioux
            refuse.
   Gold fever and miners
    refuse to respect Sioux
            land…..
        Conflict erupts!
Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse
 Sitting  Bull (Sioux) and
    Crazy Horse (Cheyenne)
    were two chiefs who
    refused to sign the treaty.
 They    defiantly left the
    reservation.
   "One does not sell the earth
    upon which the people walk"
    Crazy Horse
Little Big Horn River, Montana - 1876
                    George Armstrong
                     Custer was sent to
                      force the Sioux,
                       Cheyenne and
                    Arapaho back to their
                       reservations.
                      He was in command
                        of the 7th Calvary.
                           June 26, 1876
The Battle of Little Big Horn 1876




He  was heavily outnumbered and trapped.
Custer & all 220 of his men died.
“Custer’s Last Stand” outraged Americans and led to
govt. retribution.
The Sioux and Cheyenne were crushed within a year.
Ch 8 settling the west upload
Little Bighorn
Painting-Little Bighorn
Helen   Hunt Jackson (1830-1885),
 activist for Native American rights
 and author of Century of Dishonor
Heightened  public awareness of the
federal government’s long record of
   betraying and cheating Native
            Americans.
When    Jackson sent a copy to every
     member of Congress with the
 following admonition printed in red
on the cover: "Look upon your hands:
they are stained with the blood of your
              relations."
•1890United States Census Bureau
   announced the official end of the frontier.
•In 1893, historian Frederick Jackson Turner
   claimed that the frontier had played a key
    role in forming the American character.
  •The Turner Thesis, stated that frontier life
created Americans who were socially mobile,
 ready for adventure, bent on individual self-
 improvement, committed to democracy and
       able to withstand difficult times to            Frederick
       accomplish the American Dream…                   Jackson
                                                        Turner

        “RUGGED INDIVIDUALIST”
  The frontier created the American character of
 one who was self-sufficient, persistent and able to
    withstand difficult times to accomplish the
                American Dream…

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Ch 8 settling the west upload

  • 3. Mining Centers Virginia City Comstock Lode City of Comstock Lode: Frontier City to BOOM TOWN. Had an Opera house and first 6 story hotel that had and ELAVATOR!
  • 7. Prospecting The Gold Rush Swarmed in… all looking to get RICH overnight!
  • 8. • Dry farming Allows cultivation of arid (dry) land by using drought-resistant crops and various techniques to minimize evaporation.
  • 9. Invention of Barbed Wire Joseph Glidden
  • 10. •Barbed wire fence was a lifesaver because of the lack of wood in the dry plains of America. •Barbed wire also solved the problems between farmers and ranchers.
  • 11. Steel Allowed farmers to cut through Plow dense, root-choked sod.
  • 12. Mechanized Reduced labor force needed for harvest. Allows farmers to Reaper maintain larger farms.
  • 13. Steel Powers irrigation systems and pumps up Windmill ground water.
  • 14. Homestead Act was a law developed in 1862 by Congress to promote settlement of the Great Plains. Age 21 and the head of the family could have 160 acres of land if they improved it in five years Could buy it for a small amount of $$$ The US Government encouraged westward expansion and the Homestead Act allowed thousands of settlers to move west and start new lives.
  • 18. A Pioneer’s Sod House, SD
  • 21. •May 10, 1869 at Promontory, Utah •“The Wedding of the Rails” •Central Pacific and Union Pacific
  • 24. Tribes of the Great Plains Sioux Cheyenne Crow Arapaho Kiowa
  • 26. •Massacre of Buffalo •Take away the food source from the Native American and they will be forced to submit and go to the reservations. Skull
  • 27. Map 13 of 45
  • 28. •1871 to 1875, the US supported the extermination of 11 million buffalo.
  • 29. Differences in land ownership clash Railroad Settlers trespassing on Indian Land Discovery of gold Slaughter of the buffalo Broken treaties
  • 30. Dawes Act of 1887 Quicker Americanization Assimilate, mainstreamed and absorbed into US society Adopt Christianity and White education Individual land ownership Abandon tribe, culture and become farmers Male claimed 160 acres of land Children would be sent to Indian schools Farm land for 25 years. 1924 gain citizenship and right to vote Failed policy Indian resistance and corruption
  • 31. Indian Assimilation Attempts • Native American children were taken to off- reservation Indian schools where they would be taught white man’s ways. • ASSIMILATE- To absorb one into a culture
  • 32. Dawes Act (1887) Carlisle Indian School, PA
  • 33. •Discovery of gold was often on Indian land. •Some of the key battles fought were around the mining areas.
  • 34. There goes the Gold! neighborhood!  Gold discovered in the Black Hills.  Govt. tries to purchase the land, but the Sioux refuse.  Gold fever and miners refuse to respect Sioux land…..  Conflict erupts!
  • 35. Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse  Sitting Bull (Sioux) and Crazy Horse (Cheyenne) were two chiefs who refused to sign the treaty.  They defiantly left the reservation.  "One does not sell the earth upon which the people walk" Crazy Horse
  • 36. Little Big Horn River, Montana - 1876  George Armstrong Custer was sent to force the Sioux, Cheyenne and Arapaho back to their reservations.  He was in command of the 7th Calvary.  June 26, 1876
  • 37. The Battle of Little Big Horn 1876 He was heavily outnumbered and trapped. Custer & all 220 of his men died. “Custer’s Last Stand” outraged Americans and led to govt. retribution. The Sioux and Cheyenne were crushed within a year.
  • 41. Helen Hunt Jackson (1830-1885), activist for Native American rights and author of Century of Dishonor Heightened public awareness of the federal government’s long record of betraying and cheating Native Americans. When Jackson sent a copy to every member of Congress with the following admonition printed in red on the cover: "Look upon your hands: they are stained with the blood of your relations."
  • 42. •1890United States Census Bureau announced the official end of the frontier. •In 1893, historian Frederick Jackson Turner claimed that the frontier had played a key role in forming the American character. •The Turner Thesis, stated that frontier life created Americans who were socially mobile, ready for adventure, bent on individual self- improvement, committed to democracy and able to withstand difficult times to Frederick accomplish the American Dream… Jackson Turner “RUGGED INDIVIDUALIST” The frontier created the American character of one who was self-sufficient, persistent and able to withstand difficult times to accomplish the American Dream…