9. Macro lens
● Usually fixed lenses
● Normal to telephoto
● Sharp
● Able to focus close
● Large focusing ring
● Magnification ratio
(usually 1:1)
● Working distance
14. Close-up filters
● Diopter: +1, +2, +4, +10 Disadvantages:
● Added in front of the lens ● Only close focus
● Reduces focusing distance ● Quality loss (extra glass)
● Less sharpness
Advantages: ● Chromatic aberration
● No loss of light
● Can be used in compact
cameras
● No lens removal (sensor dust)
16. Extension tubes / bellows
● Between camera and lens Disadvantages:
● Reduces focusing distance ● Only close focus
● Camera – lens communication? ● Light loss
● Extension tubes: Lens
removal (sensor dust)
Advantages:
● Bellows: bulky
● No quality loss (no extra glass)
17.
18. Teleconverter
● Between camera and lens Disadvantages:
● Multiplies focal length and ● Light loss
aperture ● Quality loss (extra glass)
● 1.4x 2x 3x ● Lens removal (sensor dust)
Advantages:
● Retains camera – lens
communication
● Ability to focus to infinity
21. Canon MP-E
● Specialized macro lens
(equivalent to a reverse lens on bellows)
● 1:1 to 5:1 magnification ratio
Disadvantages:
● Manual lens
● Only macro (above lifesize)
● Difficult to work with
32. Hand-held focusing
● Autofocus is often useless...
● Image stabilization is useless, too
● Manual focus essential for lifesize and above
● Forward-backward movement
33. Approach
● Practice
● Patience
● Persistence
● Trial and error
● Study your subject
Anax imperator ♂