An introduction to Early intervention & early diagnosis of disabilities and its role in rehab+ Management.

1. EARLY DETECTION & INTERVENTION
IN DISABLED CHILDREN
DR SAIM ALI SOOMRO.(MBBS,MCCM)

2. Physical Handicapped
Who is disabled ?
A child with a half age (50% or
more) developmental delay in
one of the 5 developmental
areas:
Physical, Cognitive, Adaptiv
e, Communication or Social
Emotional
Diagnosing & early detection
Pre Natal. Natal & Post Natal.
Early detection through New
Born screening.

3. Widescreen Advantages
New Born Screening: Testing children for potentially
harmful, disabling or fatal conditions with first few
days of life.
•early 1960s, scientist Robert
Guthrie, PhD, developed a blood test to determine
PKU.
•Metabolic disorders.
•Tendem mass spectrometry.
•PKU, Galactosemia, Hypothyroidism, Sickle cell
disease, Biotinidase, C. Adrenal
hyperplasia, MCAD
deficiency, Tyrosinemia, Toxoplasmosis
, MSUD, CF…etc.

4. Genetic syndrome ass with
Developmental Disabilities:
Genetic
Conditions
known to be
associated
with
developmental
disabilities
including but
not limited to:
•Down Syndrome
• Cri‐du‐Chat Syndrome
• Klinefelter's Syndrome
• Trisomy 18 (Edward's Syndrome)
• Trisomy 13 (Patau's Syndrome)
• Turner's Syndrome
• Triple‐X Syndrome
• Fragile X Syndrome
• Prader‐Willi Syndrome
• Pierre Robin

5. Developmental disorders can be detected Early..
ICO………..!

6. Developmental disorders
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 Hypoxic‐Ischemic
Encephalopathy (HIE) and
at term (36 weeks gestation
or more)
 Cranio‐facial anomalies
 Epilepsy/Seizure Disorder
 Spina Bifida
 Blindness, including visual
impairments
 Macro/Microcephalus, inclu
ding Hydrocephalus
 Deafness, including
hearing impairments
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
Cyanotic Congenital Heart
Disease
Cerebral Palsy
Viruses/bacteria
(Herpes, syphilis,cytomegalo
virus, toxoplasmosis, and
rubella)
Acquired Immune
Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
Autism Spectrum Disorders

7. How to provide services
Children with a half age
(50% or more)
developmental delay in
one of the 5
developmental domains:
 Physical
 Cognitive
 Communica
tion
 Adaptive
 Social/Emo
tional
•Physical Therapy
•Occupational Therapy
•Special Instruction/
Developmental Services
•Speech and Language
Services
•Assistive Technology
•Audiology
•Family Training
•Health Services
•Medical Services
(for evaluation purposes
only)
•Nursing Services
•Nutrition Services
•Psychological Services
•Service Coordination
•Social Work/Counseling
•Transportation
•Vision Services

8. DAYC & Individualized Family Service Plan
(IFSP)
 Developmental Assessment of
Young Children (DAYC) tool to
help determine if a child is
eligible to receive services.
 The DAYC evaluates the child’s
developmental skills in all 5
developmental domains.
 In addition to the DAYC; service
coordinator interview, feedback
from parents and primary
caregivers, physician reports,
etc., will be used to help
determine if a child is eligible for
the program.
 An IFSP is a written “road map” or
action plan for the services that a
child and family will receive.
 When will the IFSP meeting take
place?
Part C federal and state regulations
require that the IFSP meeting for
eligible children be held no more than
45 days after the referral to First
Steps.
 Who makes up the IFSP Team?
The IFSP team includes: The
Parents of the Child,
Service Coordinator, Early
Intervention Providers, Health Care
Provider and anyone that the family
would like to invite to the IFSP.

9. 16x9
4x3
MEDICAL REFERRALS DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY REFERRALS
ELIGIBILITY DETERMINATION
Medical Records or DAYC
CHILD & FAMILY ASSESSMENTS
(Assessments, CPRs, RBI)
DELAY SUSPECTED
ELIGIBLE NOT ELIGIBLE
NO DELAY SUSPECTED
Parent Withdraw or SPOE Refusal
SCREENING
Existing Information and/or Phone Interview
IFSP DEVELOPMENT
REFERRAL TO COMMUNITY
PROGRAMS
NOTICE & CONSENT
Initial Evaluation
NOTICE & CONSENT
Initial Evaluation
RELEASE OF
INFORMATION
NOTICE & CONSENT
Initiation of Service

11. Assitive Technology for PHC
 One handed
 Ergonomic
 Onscreen
 Small
 Large
 Unique

12. Pointing Devices
 Trackballs- mainstream products available in
computer retail stores and specialty products
such as P&G roller plus trackball
 Ergonomic
 Head or mouth controlled (Jouse, HeadMouse
Extreme)

13. Pointing Devices
3M Ergonomic
AirObic
Jouse
Footime Foot

14. Speech recognition soft wares
 Dragon naturally speaking
 SpeakQ
 MacSpeech Dictate (Mac)
 Forearm support
 Wrist rests
 Keyboard trays
 Desk height
 Chair
 Foot rests

15. Switch Access
 Switch selection
 Switch site
 software

16. Thank You……DSAS.
Changing disability into Ability through Accessibility