RESTful Web Architecture

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Shritesh Bhattarai

Talk at PHP Developers Meet #12 2014-08-23

Software

RESTful Web
Architecture
Shritesh Bhattarai
@shritesh

The Situation
• Websites have become apps.
• Multitude of platforms to develop for.
• Excessively data driven.
• Lots of external service integrations.

The Problem
• Different systems for the ‘website’ and the ‘app’.
• Reinventing the wheel, over and over.
• Lack of well-thought architecture.
• HTTP over HTTP.

Hypertext Transfer Protocol
Client Server
GET /index.html HTTP/1.1
Host: www.example.com
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Mon, 23 May 2005 22:38:34 GMT
Server: Apache/1.3.3.7 (Unix) (Red-Hat/Linux)
Last-Modified: Wed, 08 Jan 2003 23:11:55 GMT
ETag: "3f80f-1b6-3e1cb03b"
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Length: 131
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Connection: close
!
<html>
<head>
<title>An Example Page</title>
</head>
<body>
Hello World, this is a very simple HTML document.
</body>
</html>

HTTP
• Method: GET / HEAD / POST / PUT / DELTE / …
• Path: Address to a resource (identiﬁer)
• Header: Host: example.com, …
• Status code: 200 OK, 404 Not found
• Body: Hello World

The Example App
A todo app
(Hello world for web programming)

The Resource
• ToDo List Item
• Contents:
• id
• title
• done
• created_at
• updated_at

The Interface
• Methods map to their HTTP headers
• Create: POST
• Read: GET
• Update: PUT / PATCH
• Delete: DELETE

The Interface
• The URIs point to speciﬁc resource
• /todo : Collection of todos
• /todo/id : a speciﬁc todo

The Statelessness
• Every request is self contained
• Information is stored on the header

REST
REpresentational State Transfer
• Uniform Interface
• Stateless
• Cacheable
• Client-Server
• Layered System
• Code-on-demand (optional)

Why REST?
• A time tested architecture.
• Both machine and human friendly.
• Made for the web.

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RESTful Web Architecture

1. RESTful Web Architecture Shritesh Bhattarai @shritesh

2. The Situation • Websites have become apps. • Multitude of platforms to develop for. • Excessively data driven. • Lots of external service integrations.

3. The Problem • Different systems for the ‘website’ and the ‘app’. • Reinventing the wheel, over and over. • Lack of well-thought architecture. • HTTP over HTTP.

4. Hypertext Transfer Protocol Client Server GET /index.html HTTP/1.1 Host: www.example.com HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Mon, 23 May 2005 22:38:34 GMT Server: Apache/1.3.3.7 (Unix) (Red-Hat/Linux) Last-Modified: Wed, 08 Jan 2003 23:11:55 GMT ETag: "3f80f-1b6-3e1cb03b" Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 Content-Length: 131 Accept-Ranges: bytes Connection: close ! <html> <head> <title>An Example Page</title> </head> <body> Hello World, this is a very simple HTML document. </body> </html>

5. HTTP • Method: GET / HEAD / POST / PUT / DELTE / … • Path: Address to a resource (identiﬁer) • Header: Host: example.com, … • Status code: 200 OK, 404 Not found • Body: Hello World

6. The Example App A todo app (Hello world for web programming)

7. The Resource • ToDo List Item • Contents: • id • title • done • created_at • updated_at

8. The Interface • Methods map to their HTTP headers • Create: POST • Read: GET • Update: PUT / PATCH • Delete: DELETE

9. The Interface • The URIs point to speciﬁc resource • /todo : Collection of todos • /todo/id : a speciﬁc todo

10. The Representation of the Resource

11. The Statelessness • Every request is self contained • Information is stored on the header

12. REST REpresentational State Transfer • Uniform Interface • Stateless • Cacheable • Client-Server • Layered System • Code-on-demand (optional)

13. Why REST? • A time tested architecture. • Both machine and human friendly. • Made for the web.

14. Thank you

RESTful Web Architecture

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