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ANTI-MALARIAL DRUGS
1.
2. Prophylaxis, treatment & prevention of
relapse.
Aims of antimalarial drugs
To prevent & treat clinical attack of malaria
To completely eradicate the parasite from pt.
To reduce the human reservoir of infec.,
16. Uses
Radical cure of vivax malaria
Primaquine 15 mg for adult,0.25
mg/kg for children - daily for 2
weeks with G6PD status testing.
Primaquine 45 mg(0.75mg/kg) +
Chloroquine 300 mg once a week
for 8-10 week without G6PD testing.
Radical cure of Falciparum malaria
Primaquine 45 mg single dose +
Curative dose of Chloroquine
21. MOA is similar to Chloroquine
Less effective & more toxic
Other actions
Local irritant & anaesthetic
Systemic action
Gastric secretion
Weak analgesic & antipyretic
Cardiac depressant,anti arrhythmic
Hypotensive
Hypoglycemia
22. PK
Oral absorbtion is complete
70% plasma bound – α1 acid glycoprotein
Adverse effect
Cinchonism
Ringing in ears
Nausea
Vomiting
Head ache
Mental confusion
Vertigo
Difficulty in hearing and visual defect
Diarrhoea
Marked perspiration
23. Uses…
Malaria
Uncomplicated resistant falciparum
malaria
2nd line to S/P – ACT
Quinine + Doxycycline x 7 days
Complicated & severe malaria
Quinine i.v. – DOC for cerebral malaria
Nocturanal muscle cramps
Δsis of myasthenia gravis
Along with Urethane in Varicose vein
31. Lysis in the parasite
Inhibits protein synthesis
Damages ER
Causes lipid peroxidation
Binds with membrane protein
Releases free radicals
Haeme interacts with Endoperoxide bridge in artemisinin