6. Physical Properties:
Luster: High
Tenacity (strength):Dry: 3.0-5.0 g/d
Wet: 3.3-6.0 g/d
Resiliency: low
Density: 1.54-1.56 g/cm³
Moisture absorption: 15-25%
Dimensional stability: Good
Chemical Properties:
Resistance to acids: Damage, weaken fibers
Resistance to alkali: No harmful effects
Resistance to organic solvents: High resistance
Resistance to sunlight: Prolonged exposure weakens fibers
Uses:
Shorts
Jackets
pants.
Carpets
7. Silk
Molecular Structure
It Fibrous keratin molecules supercoil to form a very
stable, left-handed superhelical motif to multimerise,
forming filaments consisting of multiple copies of the
keratin monomer.
8. Physical Properties:
Tenacity:
Strong (linear, beta-configuration polymers)
Reflect light: At many angles
Moisture regain: 11%.
Elasticity: Moderate to poor:
Linear density: 1 denier.
Chemical Properties:
Effect of acids: Degraded more readily than wool
Effect of alkalis : To swell silk filament .
Effect of mineral acids: Resistance except for sulfuric acid
Effect of sunlight: The environment is not as good
Uses:
Ties
Formal dresses
High fashion clothes
Dress suits
9. Wool
Molecular Structure
It has been estimated that wool contains more
than170 different proteins. These are not uniformly
distributed throughout the fiber; proteins of
different structures are located in specific regions.
10. Properties:
Strength: Weakest.
Elasticity: 25 to 30 percent
Resilience: High
Absorbency: About 20 percent
Color/Luster: Dull grey
It is lightweight and versatile.
Wool does not wrinkle easily.
It is resistant to dirt and wear and tear.
Uses:
Sweaters
Dresses
Coats
Suits
Jackets
Pants
blankets
Carpets
12. Properties:
Moisture regain: 1.5-2% at 65%
Tenacity:
dry state= 5 gpd
wet state=4-8 gpd
Breaking elongation: 15
Elastic recovery: 85% after 4% extension
Thermal stability: Good
Resistance to mineral acids: Good
Resistance to weak alkalies: Fairly good.
Moths, Mildew and insects do not attack.
Uses:
Knit Jersey
Sweater
Blankets
Wrinkle resistant fabrics.
Pile and Fleece fabrics
Carpets
13. Aramid
Molecular Structure
Fiber composed of linear macromolecules made up of
aromatic groups joined by amide or imide linkages, at
least 85% of the amide imide linkages.
15. Introduce to myself
Sarker Md. Rafjan Sani
ID: 2010000400051
Batch: 13th –II
Dept. of Textile Engineering
Southeast University
My selected topics is chlorofiber &elastodiene
.
16. Chlorofiber
Molecular Structure
Poly (Vinyl chloride)
Fiber composed of linear macromolecules having in the
chain more than 50% by mass of vinyl chloride or
vinylidene chloride unites
17. Properties:
Long lasting antibacterial effectiveness
Not wash out.
An easy care product.
comfort & coolness
Heat regulation & moisture transfer good.
Uses:
Bedding
Child care articles
Underwear
Lingerie
Socks
Hand knitting yarn
21. Properties:
Average Diameter: 15 µm
Average Denier: 2.4 g/9000m
Specific Gravity: 1.4
Tensile Strength: 36 ksi
Tenacity: 2.0 g/den
Modulus: 1.0-55 Msi g/den
Elongation at Break: 11%
Moisture Regain (23°C, 65% RH): 5%
Shrinkage at 200°C (1hr exposure): <1%
Maximum Continuous Operating Temperature: 200°C
Melting Temperature: Does not melt or drip
Resistance to Mildew, Aging, and Sunlight: Excellent
Resistance to Solvents, Alkalis: Excellent
Uses:
Mattresses, Home Furnishings / Nonwovens
Specialty flame resistant papers
Firefighting apparel
Electrical papers
Transmission / friction papers
Filtration media
Engineered materials / Short-fiber composites
Adhesives / Fillers
22. Modacrylic
Molecular Structure
Acrylic copolymers
If X = H & Y = Cl: Poly (acrylonitrile or chloride)
IF X = Y = Cl: Poly (acrylonitrile or vinylidene chloride )
Fiber composed of linear macromolecules having in the
chain at least 50% & less than 85% by mass of
acrylonitrile
24. Introduce to myself
Tofayel Ahmed
ID: 2010000400053
Batch: 13th –II
Dept. of Textile Engineering
Southeast University
My selected topics is polyaMide (NyloN) & polyester
25. Polyamide (Nylon)
Molecular Structure
Polyhexamethylene adipamide (Nylon 6,6)
Polycaproamide (Nylon
Fiber composed of linear macromolecules having in the
chain recurring amide linkages, at least 85% of which
are joined to aliphatic cyucloaliphatic units.
26. Properties:
Moisture Absorption: 4.2-4.5%
Specific Gravity: 1.14
Resilience: Excellent.
Abrasion Resistance: Excellent.
Effects of Acids, Alkalis, and Solvents:
Resistant to weak acids,
but decomposes in strong
mineral acids.
Dye Methods: Acid; some solution dyed.
Resistance to Mildew, Aging, Sunlight: Excellent resistance to mildew
and aging. Prolonged sunlight
can cause degradation.
Color Retention: Very good.
Stain Resistance: Poor (5th generation very good).
Stains/Soils Attracted to Fiber: Acid dyes, except for 5th generation.
Melt Point : Type6-435º F; Type6, 6-490º
Uses:
Blouses
Dresses
Foundation garments
Underwear,
Raincoats,
Swimwear
Cycle wear
30. Physical Properties:
State at 20ºC: flexible
Temperature-dependent form changes:
insignificant from +5ºC
bis +90ºC
Specific weight at 20ºC: approx. 0.92
Shore hardness at 20ºC: approx. 90
Tear strength at 20ºC: approx. 10 N/mm2
Elongation at break at 20ºC: approx. 500%
Water absorption: traces
Chemical Properties:
Resistant against: Non-oxidizing alkalis, organic solvents
excl. chlorinated
Non-resistant against: Oxidizing acids, oils, fats, chlorinated
hydrocarbons
Uses:
Medical implants.
Cable and marine ropes.
Sail cloth.
Sports equipment.
Fish netting.
31. Polypropylene
Molecular Structure
Polypropylene
Fiber composed of linear macromolecules made up of
saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon units in which one
carbon atom in two carries a methyl side group,
generally an isotactic configuration & without further
substitution.
32. Properties:
Uses:
Moisture Regain: < 0.1%
Refractive Index: 1.49
Thermal Conductivity: 0.95Btu-in/ft .hr.°F
Coefficient of linear thermal expansion: 4.0x10 /°F
Heat of fusion: 21 cal/g
Specific heat: 0.46 cal/g.c
Density of Melt at 180°c: 0.769 g/cc
Heat of Combustion: 19,400 Btu/lb
Decomposition temperature range: 328-410°C
Dielectric constant (0.1 MHz): 2.25
Dissipation factor (0.1 MHz): < 0.0002
Specific volume resistively: > 10 Ω. Cm
Top sheet (coverstock)
Acquisition and/or transport or distribution layer
Absorbent core
Backsheet
Barrier leg cuffs
Elastomeric materials
Hot melt glues
34. Elastomultiester
Molecular Structure
Example of physical arrangement:
Part A and B consist of different macromolecules with ester groups
Fiber formed by interaction of two or more chemically
distinct linear macromolecules in two or more distinct
phases (of which none exceeds 85% by mass) & half
times its original length &released recovers rapidly &
substantially to its initial length.
35. Elastolefin
Molecular Structure
Elastolefin
Fiber composed of at least 95% (by mass) of
macromolecules partially cross-linked, made up from
ethylene & at least one other olefin & which, when stretched
to one & a half its original length & released, recovers rapidly
& substantially to its original length.
38. Polylactide
Molecular Structure
Fiber formed of linear macromolecules having in the
chain at least 85% (by mass) of lactic acid ester unites
derived from naturally occurring sugars & which has a
melting temperature of at least 1350C
39. Elastane
Molecular Structure
Fiber composed of at least 85% by mass of a segmented
polyurethane & which, if stretched to three times its
unscratched length, rapidly reverts substantially to the
unscratched length when the tension is removed.
