2. Prepared By : Mazadul Hasan sheshir
ID: 2010000400008
13th
Batch (session 2009-2013)
Department : Wet Processing Technology
Email: mazadulhasan@yahoo.com
Blog : www. Textilelab.blogspot.com (visit)
Southeast University
Department Of Textile Engineering
I/A 251,252 Tejgaon Dhaka Bangladesh
Prepared By :
3. “Study An Effective And
Consistent Finishing Effect
Through Stabilizing Dryer on
Knit Fabric“
5. Introduction
Here we’ve presented the project on the topic
of finishing of textile. We’ve tried our best to
include all the important term related to textile
finishing. I hope we could know some important
parameter and suggestion on textile finishing.
6. Objectives of this Project:
The objects of this project is to study an
effective and consistent finishing effects
through stabilizing dryer on knit fabric.
To study about assistant device that improve
quality, effect and production.
To improve crease mark, hand feel,
appearance, smoothness, shrinkages etc
7. Knit fabric Finishing
The term finishing, in a broad sense it covers all the
processes of making the fabric good looking, good hand
feeling, luster and of course for buyer requirement. It
is done after dying and before delivery to market.
Various types of parameters are controlled during
finishing section considering buyer requirement. The
term also includes bleaching, dyeing, mercerizing etc.
But normally the term is restricted to the final stage in
the sequence of treatment of Knit fabrics after
bleaching and dyeing. However, fabrics which are
neither bleached nor dyed are also finished.
8. Objects of finishing:
The aim of finishing is to render textile goods fit for their purpose
or end use. Besides that, finishing can be done for achieving the
following purposes-
a) To improve fabric attractiveness.
- By modification of fabric appearance(optical brightening),
-By altering fabric handle (Softening, Stiffening)
-Control of fabric dimension (Sanforising, Compacting)
b) To improve service ability.
-Protection of fabric (Flame proofing, Water proofing)
-Improved performance (Water repellency, Raising)
-Easy care properties (Resin finish, Crease recovery)
9. Types of finishing:
1) Chemical finishing: Softener,
Biopolishing, Enzyme, UV Protection,
Anticreaase, Silicon Finish etc.
2) Mechanical finishing: Shrinkage,
Raising and Shearing,
10. Finishing effects:
Easy - care
Crease recovery.
Dimensional stability.
Good abrasion resistance.
Improved tear strength.
Good sew ability
Soft or stiff hand feel
Shine or luster
11. Sequence of finishing
Tube fabric finishing
Hydro-extractor
↓
De-watering
↓
Dryer
↓
Tubular compactor
Open fabric finishing
Hydro-extractor
↓
Slitting & De-watering
↓
Dryer
↓
Stenter
↓
Open Compactor
13. Slitting machine:
This machine is used to make the tube fabric
into open form.
Machine parts and functions:
Rotary blade: To cut the fabric through break
wales line
Ring: To help cutting
Guide Roller: To guide the fabric to plaiting
Plaiting: To plate the fabric
Sensor: sense for cutting through break wales
line
15. Tube Squeezer or De-Watering M/C
After dyeing process fabrics are sent for de-
watering. This is the process to remove the water
from the fabric partially by squeezing. This is the
main function of the squeezing machine.
Important parts
-Twist detector
-Expander
-Padder
16. The basic function of the squeezing m/c:
-To remove the water from the fabric.
-To control the width of the fabric.
-To control the length of the fabric.
-To control the spirality of the fabric.
-To control the over feeding system.
-To increase the softness of the fabric.
-To remove the crease mark of the fabric.
17. Dryer m/c:
Dryer machine is used to dry the fabric with the help of
the steam. Besides drying it controls the shrinkage and
prepares the fabric for the next process.
Types of Dryer :
Gas Dryer
Stem Dryer
The basic function of the dryer:
To dry the fabric.
To control the over feed system (Shrinkage control)
To control the GSM of the fabric.
18. Important Parts of dryer m/c:
Conveyor net
Chamber
Burner
Exhaust air fan
Over feed roller
Filter net
Fan
Nozzle
19. Stenter machine:
Stenter machine is very important for finishing
knit fabric in open form. It can be used for the
following functions:
Heat setting is done by the stenter for lycra fabric,
synthetic and blended fabric.
Skew and bow are controlled through stenter.
Finishing chemical apply on fabric by the stenter.
Loop of the knit fabric is controlled.
GSM, Dia, Spirality, Shrinkage, Moisture of the fabric is
controlled by stenter.
Fabric is dried by the stentering process.
Curing treatment for resin, water repellent fabric is done by
the stenter.
23. Finishing effect of stenter m/c
Before stenter After stenter
Water is contained in
fabric
Spirality is appeared
Shrink is appeared
GSM is not adjusted
GSM:- (140-145)
Fabric dia is
uncontrolled
Water is removed
Spirality is not appeared
Shrink is controlled
GSM isn't adjusted
GSM:- (155-160)
Fabric dia is controlled
24. There are some faults found in stenter machine for
specially S/j fabrics:
GSM control
Skewing & Bowing
Spirality
Dimensional stability
25. Suggestions:
If mahalo/ plevia device is stetted with stenter this
problem can be solved. This device improves
quality, effect and production by following ways:
•Skew control
•Bow control
•Even input in stenter
•Man power reduction
•Use sensor for even temperature, even pressure,
even steam, reduction fuel for producing steam or
hot air.
27. COMPACTOR MACHINE:
Compactor is a textile finishing machine which is
designed specially for compacting 100% cotton knitted
fabric like jersey, pique, interlock & rib etc. as well as
cotton blended fabric in rope form
28. The basic functions of the Tube compactor m/c:
Tube compactor is used to finish knit fabric in tube form
To control the GSM. (Increase & decrease).
To control dia.
To control the shrinkage. (Increase & decrease).
Functions of the Open Compactor m/c:
To compact the fabric in open form
To control the GSM. (Increase & decrease).
To control the dia.
To control the shrinkage. (Increase & decrease).
30. Special note on compactor finishing:
In case of light color padder pressure should be low.
Otherwise shade will be lighter.
If the padder is not clean, then line mark can appear in the
fabric.
Fabric dia, extension, speed, compaction & overfeed will
vary depending on the fabric type and finishing
requirements.
In the case of low GSM S/J fabric padder pressure and
speed will be maximum.
In the case of high GSM S/J fabric then padder pressure and
speed will be minimum.
In case of Lycra single jersey fabric, speed & padder
pressure will be minimum.
32. Finishing effect of Compactor m/c
Before Compactor Finishing After Compactor Finishing
Small amount of water is
contained.
Crease mark
Luster medium
Hand feel medium
GSM isn’t adjusted
Shrinkage is high
Access water is removed.
Low GSM can be adjusted.
Crease mark isn’t appeared
Luster medium
Hand feel good
GSM is adjusted
Shrinkage is removed
33. Problem of compactor m/c:
Hand feel may be not good
Shrinkage problem
Low GSM
Width may be not adjusted
Remedies of problem:
Sunforising device can solve this problem. This device
can easily control of low GSM fabric. About 10 GSM
can be controlled . Dimensional stability can be also
controlled.
34. Brio machine:
It is one of the latest finishing m/c in textile. It can be
used in stead of Tumble dryer. It can finish of textile
material without any change of fabric appearance.
Function of Brio machine:
To dry evenly
It makes good appearance of fabric.
To control the GSM
To remove crease mark
Significant luster improve
To create finishing effect by vibration
Ideal for decorative and sensitive fabric
38. Finishing effect of Brio m/c:
Before Brio Finishing After Brio Finishing
Crease marks are appeared
Luster is not good
Medium appearance
Hand feel is not good
GSM isn’t adjusted
Crease marks are not
appeared
Luster is good
Very good appearance
Hand feel is good
GSM is adjusted
42. Ultra-soft m/c:
Ultra soft machine is used to increase softness of
fabric. This is a mechanical process of finishing.
Note:
If speed of carbon brush is high then softness will be
high
Softening action is done on the face side of the
fabric.
At least 5% GSM of the fabric will reduce after
brushing.
Dust storage unit is present.
Dia of the fabric will reduce after brushing (ex-20%)
and thus fabric must run to the stenter m/c after
brushing.
43. Brushing Machine
By the brushing machine back side of the fleece fabric
is brushed.
Note:
Brushing action is done on the back side of the fleece
fabric
Fabric is run in m/c for 3-6 times until the target is
achieved.
fabric GSM will reduce.
This is a mechanical action and once produced cannot be
changed.
45. Conclusion: In this project, different important
factors are discussed on knit fabric finishing that can
impact on finishing. All the reports are done by
practical knowledge from different industry and
finally some important factors which are obtained
from knitting to dyeing and finishing. So deviations
are obtained and the reason of the problem must
observe to avoid in further. Because customers are
always worried about the product quality. We hope
this project work will be very helpful in our practical
industrial life.
49. 1. Yarn Manufacturing Technology
Link : http://www.facebook.com/pages/Yarn-Manufacturing-
Technology/485014954866808
2. Fabric Manufacturing Technology
Link : http://www.facebook.com/pages/Fabric-Manufacturing-
Technology/459520217425605
3. Garments Manufacturing Technology
Link : http://www.facebook.com/pages/Garments-Manufacturing-
Technology/472364799463126
3. Wet processing Technology
Link : http://www.facebook.com/pages/Wet-Processing-Technology-
Dyeing-/468645219825404
4. Fashion-Design-and-Technology
Link : http://www.facebook.com/pages/Fashion-Design-and-
Technology/587655294583875?ref=ts&fref=ts
My Facebook Textile related Pages
http://www.textilelab.blogspot.com (Visit My Blog for more Info )