1. The document summarizes a student project on applying work study and time study techniques to improve production and quality in a garment manufacturing process. 2. It describes implementing work study charts to optimize resource utilization and workplace layout. Time study techniques like direct observation and predetermined motion times are analyzed. 3. Benefits of work study and time study include eliminating waste, reducing fatigue, finding best work methods, and improving productivity, cost, and quality.

1. Our Project Title On:
Effect of work study & time study on production and
quality.
Southeast University

2. Name : MAZADUL HASAN SHESHIR
ID: 2010000400008
Batch: 13th Batch (Session 2009-2013)
Department: Wet Processing Technology
Email: mazadulhasan@yahoo.com
Blog: www. Textilelab.blogspot.com
Southeast University
Department of Textile Engineering
PREPARED BY ©right

3. Objectives of project work:
To implement of work study charts to obtain maximum utilization of the
resources( Man, Machine & Materials) and to optimize workplace by changing.
The plant layout & workstation, using the process charts.
Southeast University

4. Role of industrial engineering department in apparel industry:
Importance of industrial engineering (IE) tools that can be used to improve
upon the productivity of their factories and thus enhance the profits. Very few
companies have been operating with a full fledged industrial engineering
department and even those which boast of as an industrial engineering
department(IED) in their factories are not allowing freedom and scope to
function to its full capabilities. The role of IED is important for the garments
industry for the following two reasons:
It’s highly labor –intensive industry.
 Effective planning is emerging as one of the key factors for the
garments manufacturing industry.
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5. Garments manufacturing diagram:
Fabric from stores
Cutting section
Sewing section
Finishing section
Finished garments to warehouse
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6. Topics covered during the project work:
• Plant layout & workstation design.
• work study & time study concepts on production and quality.
Southeast University

7. Workstation Design:
Workstation Design are described below-
1. Space requirements.
2. Consideration of the space requirement for the movement of
material handling equipment.
3. Easy access to safety stops in case of emergency.
4. Easy access to machine for inspection and lubrication,
maintenance and repair.
5. Space between one machine to another machine.
6. Appropriate ventilation, lighting & safety.
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8. Cutting Section
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9. Southeast University

10. Work Study
Method Study Work
Measurement
What is work study?
 Work study is mainly concerned with the examination of human work.
There are two parts of work study:
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11. • To eliminate wastage of time and labor.
• To reduce fatigue and boredom of work by avoiding unnecessary
movements.
• To find a best way of doing a job.
• To have more utilization of materials, machines and workers.
• To improve the design of work place layout.
• To standardize the method, obtained after conducting the motion
study.
• To train the individual operator in its practice as per standardized
methods.
Why work study?
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12. • Set target
• Manpower allocation
• Calculate efficiency
• Production planning and control
• Determine cost
• Incentive schemes
Why Work Measurement is Important?
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13. Work Measurement Techniques
 Time Study: Directly observing an operator.
 Pre-Determined Motion Time Study System: Analyzing the motions
used to carry out the activity.
 Analysis of Past Records: Using previous records/ Studies available
in the factory.
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14. Time Study
To determine the time it should take
for a qualified worker to perform a
specific task using a specified method
by directly observing an operator.
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15. Time Study Sheet of IE Department:
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16. Observed time X
1. Compute the basic time
Basic Time =
2. Compute the standard minute value
SMV = Basic Time + Allowance
Standard rating
How it Works?
Observed rating
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17. GSD layout of IE:
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18. SL Operation Observed time Standard time
1 Seam right shoulder 15” 10”
2 Bind neck 16” 10”
3 Seam left shoulder 14” 11”
4 Bind sleeve openings 14” 12”
5 Seam sleeves 14” 12”
6 Attach sleeves 36” 30”
7 Cut & fold label 7” 4”
8 Attach label 16” 12”
9 Bartack shoulder & neck 10” 6”
10 Hem bottom 16” 12”
Total time 158” 119”
Practically process following in the sewing floor:
List of processes to produce T-shirts:
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19. SI Operator Process Observed time Rating Basic time Allowance time Standard time
1 Rahima Stay sewing 9” 80% 7.2” 20% 8.6”
2 Nazma Collar
fitting
3” 75% 2.25” 20% 2.7”
3 Moyna Collar
sewing
30’ 85% 25.5” 20% 30.6”
Time measurement table:
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20. For this process operation is 2, but making time taking around 10 min.
seam joining uneven, seam, broken stitch, puckering needle hole and down
grade quality etc defects are coming more which clearly indicate that garment
piece handling by the operator are not proper, they need to trained how to
handle the fabric or the proper method of stitching the garment.
Practically process following in the sewing floor:
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21. Southeast University

22. In this case, we need to follow PDCA process improvement chart which can give
us a solution.
PDCA
Figure : The Shewhart Cycle is a fundamental idea for continuous process improvement.
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23. Benefits of TQM:
The benefits of TQM can be classified into the following two categories:
1. Customer satisfaction oriented benefits.
2. Economic improvements oriented benefits.
1. Customer satisfaction oriented benefits: The benefits under this category are
listed below:
(a) Improvement in product quality.
(b) Improvement in product design.
(c) Improvement in production flow.
(d) Improvement in employee morale and quality consciousness.
(e) Improvement of product service.
(f) Improvement in market place acceptance.
2. Economic improvements oriented benefits: The benefits under this category
are as follows:
(a) Reductions in operating costs.
(b) Reductions in operating losses.
(c) Reductions in field service costs.
(d) Reductions in liability exposure.

24. Time Study Exercise
Process Name = Side Seam
Observed Time = 35.27 Sec
Observed Rating = 92%
Allowance = 25%
Basic Time = (35.27 X 0.92) Sec
= 32.45 Sec
SMV = 32.45 + (32.45 X 0.25) Sec
= 40.56 Sec
Capacity = (3600 ÷ 40.56) Pcs/ Hour
= 88 Pcs/ Hour

25. Some suggestions:

26. Existing Proposed
 Operation are not
arranged in sequence,
 Intersection of material
flows occur.
 Material movement is
more.
 Material handling is
more.
 Operation are arranged in
sequence,
 Intersection of material
flows avoided.
 Material movement is
minimized.
 Material handling is
minimized.
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27. Conclusion
 WITH THE APPLICATION OF WORK STUDY CHARTS
IN APPAREL MANUFACTURING, THE EFFECTIVE
UTILIZATION OF RESOURCES ( MAN, MATERIAL &
MACHINES) CAN BE ACHIEVED.
 THE COST INVOLVED IN USING THESE CHARTS ARE
VERY MINIMUM AND A SOLUTION CAN BE DERIVED IN
A SHORT PERIOD OF TIME.
Southeast University

28. THANKS
EVERYBODY