2. INTRODUCTION
ROCK
It is a naturally occurring
solid aggregate of minerals.
BASALT ROCK
It is an igneous rock
formed from frozen lava. It
occupies 1/3 of earth’s crust.
Plentiful in Michigan’s upper
peninsula. In India it occurs in
deccan traps .
3. It is a material made from extremely
fine fibers of basalt, which is composed
of the minerals plagioclase, pyroxene,
and olivine.
KEY PROPERTIES OF BASALT
FIBERS
Thermal resistance
Mechanical strength
Chemical resistance
Ecological friendliness
BASALT ROCK FIBRE
4. COMPARISON WITH E-
GLASS
BASALT E-GLASS
Tensile strength,Mpa 3000-4840 3100-3800
Elastic modulus , Gpa 93-110 72.5-75.5
Elongation at break ,% 3.1-6 4.7
Specific gravity 2.65-2.8 2.5-2.62
Max temperature of
application , Celsius
650 380
Melting temperature ,
Celsius
1470 1120
5. BASALT SOURCES FOR
FIBER PRODUCTION
Temperature history and rate of cooling of
lava
• Slow cooling results in segregation and
precipitation
• Weathering and oxidation over-time
Chemical characteristics and uniformity of
basalt quarry are essential for good fibers.
Manufacturing should be close to suitable
basalt quarries and inexpensive energy.
6. SPINNING OF BASALT
FIBER
Though basalt stones are available in
different compositions, only certain
compositions and characteristics can be
used for making the continuous filaments
with a diameter range of 9 to 24 microns.
Compounds present in the basalt rock may
vary, especially the SiO2 content
depending on their nature and origin.
Basalt rocks with SiO2 content about 46%
(acid basalt) are suitable for fiber
production.
8. MANUFACTURING
PROCESS OF BASALT FIBRE
Quarried basalt rock is first crushed,
then washed and moved into melting
baths in gas-heated furnaces. under
temperature of 1460-1500 °C. Here,
the process is simpler than glass fiber
processing because the basalt fiber
has a less complex composition.
9. -
BASALT FIBRE PRODUCTION
1. Tank for sizing
2. Furnace
3. Bushing
4. Sizing applicator
5.Tray for used sizing
collection
6. Winder
7. Spool
8. Tank for used sizing
10. Molten basalt flows from furnace through a
platinum-rhodium bushing with 200, 400 ,800 or
more holes and the fibers can be drawn from the
melt under hydrostatic pressure
A sizing is applied to the surface of the fibers by
a sizing applicator to impart strand integrity,
lubricity, and resin compatibility.
Finally, a winder allows to release some large
spools of continuous basalt filament.
12. PRODUCTS OF BASALT FIBER
Basalt continuous fibers
1. Basalt plastic pipes
2. Basalt super thin fibers
3. Basalt roving
13. BASALT CONTINUOUS
FIBERS
Basalt Continuous Fiber (BCF) is a raw material for the
production of various types of materials & products.
APPLICATIONS
Reinforcing material for concrete & asphalt, concrete
covering for roads, airport runways & taxiways.
Filters for industrial & residential waste waters, filters
for smoke & dust emissions of industrial enterprises.
Reinforcing nets for construction.
14. Reinforcing a
civic water fountain
development
- Warsaw, Poland
Reinforcing a
concrete bridge deck
- Northern Ireland, UK
15. Volcano wrap that resists gasoline &
engine chemicals & withstands high
temperature
Reinforcement nets
runway at Bordeaux-
Merignac
16. BASALT PLASTIC PIPES
Basalt fiber composite pipes are obtained by
winding basalt threads, fabrics, prepegs
impregnated with a binder.
These pipes are useful as components for
shafts linings, building components, for
transporting corrosive liquids and gases in the
construction, industrial, agricultural and public
services sectors.
Basalt pipes are resistant to the action of fungi
and micro organisms.
17. BASALT PLASTIC PIPES
.
Great river energy
wear resistant basalt-lined piping extended
the reject piping’s life and reduced
maintenance requirements.
Basalt Lined Ash Disposal Pipes
18. BASALT SUPER THIN
FIBERS
It has good heat-insulation qualities.
The material is absolutely nonflammable, it has
high thermo durability.
High chemical durability towards water, salt
solutions, alkali and acids.
APPLICATIONS :
Fireproof materials of fire protection systems
Heat and sound insulation material for the
manufacture of automobile mufflers, gaskets,
insulation screens, plastics, composites.
19. BASALT SUPER THIN FIBERS
PRODUCTION TECHNIQUES OF BSTF
BASALT SUPER THIN ALUMINATED FIBER ROUND
MARBEL
20. BASALT ROVING
Basalt roving is bundle of continuous mono
directional complex basalt fibers.
Roving possesses high natural strength,
resistance to aggressive environments, long
service life and excellent electric insulating
properties.
APPLICATIONS: Filament winding of pipes,
tanks and cylinders
Reinforced plastics
21. Rewinding of primary
string by machine from
bobbins on basalt
roving spool
Chopped basalt roving is mainly used
as a substitute of fiberglass
22. FIELDS OF APPLICATIONS
1.CONSTRUCTION:
• Reinforcement of bridges,
tunnels.
• Internal waste pipes
• Repair of cracks, local damage
to buildings & bridges.
2.PETRO CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES:
• Chemical & wear proof
coverings of tanks.
• pipelines, oil pipelines.
• nonflammable coverings &
composite materials.
Road construction
Petro chemical industries
23. 3.AGRICULTURE:
Land drainage pipes, pipes for
irrigation and hosing.
4.MACHINE BUILDING:
Parts or blocks of machines
operating under high temperatures
or gas stream, For example the heat
shield for a re-entering space
vehicle.
5.ENGINEERING NETWORKS:
Oil and gas pipelines, pipes
for chemical products and
transportation of aggressive media.
High efficient seals & linings for
pipelines.
Vertical roller mills has its
applications in power plants & in
chemical industry
Basalt road application
24. A distinctive feature of this rebar is high
corrosion resistance to aggressive
environments, namely to chloride salts, carbon
dioxide, nitrogen oxide.
It can even put uncoated chopped fiber
in concrete for crack resistance
High Strength compared to steel.
Light weight and flexibility makes installation
easier.
25. Test of a basalt fiber rebar reinforced beam
Retaining curb wall and concrete
rebar before concrete has been
poured
26. ADVANTAGES OF BASALT FIBER
Basalt fibers show 15-20%
higher tensile strength and
modulus.
Better chemical resistance.
Extended operating temperature
range.
Better environmental
friendliness.
Recyclability.
The processing of basalt fibers
does not require special
equipment or technologies.
27. DISADVANTAGES OF BASALT
FIBER
The price of fibers made from basalt is
higher than those made of E-glass.
The American Concrete Institute,
Canadian Standards Association,
International Federation for Structural
Concrete and other internationally
recognized engineering code authorities
have not provided specific design
guidance for its use.
28. 1. Basalt fibers have excellent set of properties like
Chemical
Thermal
Mechanical
environmental
2.It can replace glass in large part is widely used in
aerospace, petrochemical, automative and other
areas therefore basalt fiber is known as 21st
century “SILK VOLCANIC CHANGE”.
As a result of its characteristics and
properties, basalt fiber can be really considered
as the material of OUR FUTURE FOR A GREEN
AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
29. Jean Marie Nolf(2003). ‘Basalt Fibers - Fire Blocking Textiles’.
Technical Usage Textile, no 49(3rd qrt),pp 38 - 42.
K Vladimir and L Vladimir(2003). ‘Fibers from Stone’. International
Textile Bulletin, no 5, pp 48 – 52
R. Duraiswamy",(feb1982) "Basalt fiber: New competitor to glass fiber
Dpt. of Textile Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi,
India. Popular Plastics.
Palmieri, A., Matthys, S., and Tierens, M. (2009)“Basalt fibers:
Mechanical properties and applications for concrete structures.” Taylor
and Francis Group.
http://www.platinummetalsreview.com/pdf/pmr-v21-i1-018-024.pdf
http://www.uvm.edu/~transctr/pdf/netc/netcr63_03-7.pdf
http://www.basaltfm.com/eng/fiber/info.html
