1. Human Rights Violations
Committed by the Syrian
Regime
15 March - 15 October
LCC Media Office
11/7/2011
Some of the most prominent violations committed by the Syrian Regime in the period
between 15 March and 15 October 2011

2. Contents
Preface......................................................................................................................................................... 4
March 2011 ............................................................................................................................................... 6
Damascus .............................................................................................................................................. 6
Daraa ....................................................................................................................................................... 6
April 2011 .................................................................................................................................................. 8
Daraa ....................................................................................................................................................... 8
Homs .................................................................................................................................................... 10
Storming of Talbeiseh and Rastan ............................................................................................ 10
Banyas and the events of Bayda ................................................................................................ 11
Jableh ................................................................................................................................................... 11
Damascus and its suburbs ........................................................................................................... 11
Increase in arrests and torture .................................................................................................. 12
May 2011................................................................................................................................................. 15
The siege on Talbeiseh and Rastan continues ..................................................................... 15
Mass graves in Daraa ..................................................................................................................... 15
Besieging and invading Banyas ................................................................................................. 16
Damascus and its suburbs ........................................................................................................... 16
Hama .................................................................................................................................................... 16
Daraa .................................................................................................................................................... 16
Crimes against humanity in Talkalakh ................................................................................... 17
Idlib ....................................................................................................................................................... 18
Aleppo.................................................................................................................................................. 18
Brutal Torture of Detainees ........................................................................................................ 19
June 2011 ................................................................................................................................................ 21
Homs .................................................................................................................................................... 21
Damascus ........................................................................................................................................... 21
Hama .................................................................................................................................................... 21
Lattakia ............................................................................................................................................... 22
Idlib ....................................................................................................................................................... 22
Daraa .................................................................................................................................................... 22
Damascus and its suburbs ........................................................................................................... 23
Homs .................................................................................................................................................... 24
July 2011 ................................................................................................................................................. 26
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3. Homs .................................................................................................................................................... 26
Hama .................................................................................................................................................... 27
Damascus and its suburbs ........................................................................................................... 28
Deir Ezzor ........................................................................................................................................... 30
Homs .................................................................................................................................................... 30
Lattakia ............................................................................................................................................... 30
August 2011 ........................................................................................................................................... 32
Hama .................................................................................................................................................... 32
Lattakia ............................................................................................................................................... 32
Homs .................................................................................................................................................... 33
Damascus and its suburbs ........................................................................................................... 34
Daraa .................................................................................................................................................... 34
Detainees ............................................................................................................................................ 35
September 2011 ................................................................................................................................... 38
Homs .................................................................................................................................................... 38
Damascus suburbs .......................................................................................................................... 38
1-15 October 2011 .............................................................................................................................. 40
Homs .................................................................................................................................................... 40
Qamishli .............................................................................................................................................. 40
Special Cases .......................................................................................................................................... 42
Taking revenge on the families of activists and defected soldiers............................... 42
Taking revenge on the family of the lieutenant colonel Hussein Harmoush ........... 42
Targeting doctors and medical personnel ............................................................................. 42
Death during detention ................................................................................................................. 44
Bibliography........................................................................................................................................... 70
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4. Preface
A few weeks after the collapse of the Egyptian regime, under pressure of popular
revolt, it became obvious that history is being written in the region. These changes
came in ways that did not align with the intentions of the regional aging
authoritarian regimes that maintained their power and corrupted their countriesat
the expense of their own people and their basic rights to a dignified life.
Despite the long years of oppression, it was obvious that many other countries were
not far from this tide of change, and demonstrations spread to include other
countries such as Libya, Yemen, Bahrain, and Syria. Those demonstrations took on
various forms, as did the response of the respective oppressive regimes.
An oppressive regime such as that of Syria has always treated the country as
personal property. This was obvious in the year 2000, when power was inherited by
the son from the father, yet the same violent, oppressive methods continued to rob
the Syrian people, prevent them from living in dignity, and prohibit them from
participating in shaping the fate of their country.
The essence of such a regime was to work ensure, by all means possible, that all
potential solutions to the developing crisis in Syria were eliminated. In this manner,
the regime made itself the only viable solution and possible replacement for itself.
It was only natural for such a regime to lack the ability to adapt to change, and it was
incapable of finding practical ways out of the crisis that tired the Syrian people and
dried up their resources.
The demonstrations, which started concurrently in several Syrian cities in mid-
March, have posed a serious challenge to the regime, and have shown a firm
disobedience in the face of a power that was always portrayed as absolute. Thus
came the decision from the regime to face the peaceful demonstrations with
unprecedented brutality.
The regime started by using their famous sill-reputed Security Forces, which have a
long history of criminal behavior. They clashed with the unarmed Syrian people,
carrying out wide range of random civilian arrests regardless of the age and gender
of the detainees. Even children were not spared from the brutal torture in detention
basements; many children were returned to their families as unidentified, faceless
bodies.
The regime has resorted to using live bullets from day one, and has also used
military helicopters to open fire on demonstrators in the city of Daraa, the birth
place of all Syrian Revolution demonstrations. All this has occurred in the midst of
media blackouts, where international and independent media, as well as human
rights organizations, have been denied entry into Syria to document and witness the
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5. daily-committed violations, because a killer does not bring witnesses to his crime
scene.
When demonstrations spread across the nation, when every new funeral turned to
an angry demonstration, and when every demonstrator became a potential martyr,
the regime participated in raising the demands of the people to reach the downfall
of the entire regime with all its people and symbols. The regime has driven the
country and themselves to the point of no return, and their remaining in power is
now considered a grave danger to the lives of the Syrians as well as to the future of
the nation and the region as a whole.
The oppressive regime in Syria used all its military and security forces against their
unarmed people, waging open war on the crowds of peaceful demonstrators. In
some documented cases, the regime used military equipment such as helicopters,
armored sea vessels, and military tanks, to bomb residential neighborhoods in many
cities. This is in addition to using internationally banned weapons, such as poison
gas and expanding bullets, to disperse peaceful demonstrators.
Many public venues, such as cinemas, stadiums, and theaters, were turned into
detention centers in which systematic brutal torture occurred, resulting in many
death-under-torture cases. In addition, there have been several forced
disappearance of citizens who were kidnapped for months, and disappeared
completely thereafter.
There are many documented cases of hospitals that were invaded to prevent
treating the wounded; in some cases, the wounded were detained or even killed.
All of the above happened during seven months of an almost complete international
silence, save a few shy statements by the international community that did not reach
the point of condemning those documented cases as crimes against humanity.
It is unacceptable for the Arab nations, the Arab League, and the United Nations and
their organizations to remain on an undecided weak stance. They have not been
able, so far, to adopt one serious and strong move to stop the instruments of this
regime from committing more crimes and violations against the peaceful people
who are merely demanding their basic rights.
This hesitance and the lack of a conclusive stance is sending very negative signs to
the Syrian people, who are starting to consider this indirect participation in the
ongoing assault against. This also gives the regime the leeway to continue its
nihilistic approach, and provides incentives to similar regimes in the world to
commit atrocities against their own people and remain unaccountable.
We now bring this file before you and expect a serious and firm stance that
acknowledges that the Syrian people are fellow humans and should treated as such;
and decisive action that corresponds with the substance and basis of international
law, as well as the concepts of international human rights.
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6. March 2011
Damascus
On March 15, in response to successive calls on Facebook, the the social networking
site, dozens participated in a demonstration in downtown Damascus, calling for
freedom. A demonstration started from in front of the Umayyad Mosque, passed
through Hamidieh Market, and headed towards Hariqa. Security forces forcefully
dispersed the demonstration and detained three young men and a young woman
who were participating in the protest.
The next day, dozens of activists and families of the detained participated in a
peaceful sit-in front of the headquarters of the Interior Ministry in Damascus to
demand the release of prisoners of conscience and political prisoners in Syria.
Security forces that were present suddenly violently attacked the sit-in and arrested
more than 25 people, after they had been severely beaten by security forces and
armed gangs (shabiha). Among them were the opposition figure Suheir Atassi,
activist Dana Jawabra, and the intellectual Tayyeb Tizini.
Daraa
On March 18, demonstrations came out in the city of Daraa. As background, several
children had been arrested after they wrote anti-Assad slogans on their school
walls. Security forces opened fire on demonstrators in the city of Daraa, killing
several of them. This instigated demonstrations over the following days, all met by
repeated campaign of firing live bullets to quell demonstrations. Soon, the
demonstrations spread to several cities in Syria, and all were met by the same
violence.
The situation escalated when security forces targeted the Omari Mosque in Daraa,
where the demonstrations started and which became a field hospital for those
wounded by security forces’ bullets and gas bombs. On March 23, 58 people died
during the invasion, which is documented. Here are some videos exposing the
evidence of the Omari massacre.
On March 25, demonstrators took to the streets in the city of Sanamayn when
security forces opened random fire; this led to many deaths and wounded. The next
day, when families went to the funerals of the martyrs, security forces opened fire
on them yet again. This led to more deaths of martyrs. The number of people killed
in those two days was 13.
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7. The following video shows some of the victims
Lattakia
Security forces fired bullets at peaceful demonstrators in the city of Lattakia and
killed 22 people. This video shows one martyr of Lattakia who was killed by security
bullets during a peaceful demonstration.
This section of a clip shows one of the martyrs of Lattakia, who was shot by security
forces during a peaceful demonstration
By the end of March, the number of martyrs reached 119, including only five
soldiers. The remainders of those killed were civilians, the majority of whom
were killed in the city. They include six children, four of whom were from
Hama and two from Lattakia.
Martyrs of March 2011
Idlib, 1
Hasakeh, 1
Lattakia,
Homs, 3 22
Daraa, 92
Hundreds were arrested from several cities that witnessed peaceful
demonstrations. The following is a list of more than four hundred detainees from
the mentioned period, which is reflected in the list via this link
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8. April 2011
The wave of violence by security forces and the Syrian army escalated against
peaceful demonstrators with the expansion of these demonstrations and their
spread throughout most of the country. The month of April witnessed a massive rise
in the number of those killed and wounded by security forces’ gunfire.
Daraa
On April 1, the people of Daraa attempted to stage a sit-in front of the governor’s
house in Daraa Al-Mahata, after many had been martyred in the past days. The
security forces opened random fire on the people. As a result, many were wounded
and martyred.
One of those wounded in Daraa on the first of April:
On the same date, security forces opened fire on demonstrators in the town of Inkhil
in Daraa. Many were wounded as a result.
Successive security operations in the city of Daraa were aimed at suppressing the
peaceful protests. Dozens were killed and hundreds arrested. Even medical staff
were targeted. This video shows the targeting of an ambulance resulting in the
death of one of the emergency responders on 8-4-2011
The following clip shows some of those martyred on this day:
Here are some of the martyrs from the city of Izraa on Good Friday 22-4-2011:
Martyrdom of the young man in the town of Nu'aima in the city of Daraa 24-4-2011:
The martyr Bilal Shawha in the town of Izraa, Daraa 22-4-2011:
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9. The martyr Amjad Awad Al-Hussein, 22, was a student at Damascus University,
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, and a resident of the city of Sheikh Miskeen. He
was martyred on 23-4-2011.
On April 25, the Syrian army raided the city of Daraa and was reinforced by tanks
and machinery. Water, electricity, telephone lines, and the Internet were cut off
from the city. The raid resulted in the death of 25 people.
Army forces also destroyed the water tank in the city the day after the raid. Security
enhancements and new military forces entered the city the next day. Bread and
medicine were forbidden from entering the city, as per the provisions of the siege,
resulting in the worsening of the humanitarian situation there.
Hamza Al-Bakr, a guard at the Industrial Bank in Daraa, was shot dead in Daraa and
then was burned inside one of the shops on 26-4-2011.
On the 28th of the same month, Daraa was bombarded with a barrage of shells and
flames, which could be seen from 15 km away. Snipers were deployed on rooftops
and fired at those who tried to save injured people in the streets or attempted to
obtain food or medicine for their families.
On April 29, the army and security forces committed the Massacre of Saida Bridge.
They randomly opened fire at thousands of protesters who came from towns
surrounding the city of Daraa. They brought with them milk and bread to break the
siege.
The following video clips show clearly how security forces and the army began
firing at the peaceful demonstrators.
The martyr Abdel Muhsin Shehada Awad Abazeid, who was 83 years old:
The number of victims of this massacre reached at least 91; this is the number of
verified names. In addition, hundreds of people were arrested, many of whom are
still detained. Others were killed and tortured and their bodies were handed over to
their families at a later time.
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10. "The Syrian government is collectively punishing the residents of Daraa because some
demonstrators from the town dared protest against it. It would appear that the
government has a lot to hide, because it's refusing to let Daraa residents out or
independent observers in."
Sarah Leah Whitson, Middle East director at Human Rights Watch (1)
Homs
On April 1, the residents of Homs went out and chanted peacefully for the fall of the
regime, at which point security forced opened fire directly at demonstrators,
resulting in nine martyrs. Among the martyrs were two women. The following video
shows some of the injured.
On the April 18, security forces killed eleven people in Bab Sebaa'. Their funerals
were conducted on the following day. Thousands of mourners attended the funeral,
their lines reaching the Clock Plaza, where tens of thousands aimed to stage a
peaceful sit-in. After midnight, army officers fired indiscriminately on
demonstrators, leading to the death and wounding of dozens in the massacre now
known as the Massacre of the Clock (Plaza).
In the city of Hawla, on April 12, security forces opened fire on demonstrators,
resulting in the fall of nine martyrs.
Storming of Talbeiseh and Rastan
On April 16, several demonstrators staged a sit-in in one of the public squares in the
city of Talbeiseh. Security forces, however, attacked and fired at them, resulting in
the fall of several martyrs and wounded.
The next day, military reinforcements arrived, accompanied by security forces,
armed military vehicles, and heavy weaponry. The city that had held funerals for its
martyrs the day before was besieged. Security forces, again, opened fire on
mourners, leading to a number of dead and wounded.
On April 29, a demonstration took place in Talbeiseh and Rastan. On that same day,
dozens of Baath Party officials in Rastan announced their resignation, which
indicated a big challenge to the regime. The regime responded by meeting peaceful
demonstrators with even more force and violence, opening fire on them yet again;
this resulted in more death and injuries.
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11. During the month of April, the number of martyrs in Talbeiseh and Rastan
reached 47.
Banyas and the events of Bayda
On April 9, more than 5,000 security forces, military personnel, and armed gangs
(shabiha), raided the town of Bayda and Banyas. Most of the young men of the city
were arrested and tortured in an animalistic manner, as shown in the following
clips.
On April 10, 33 martyrs fell in Banyas due to security forces’ and armed thugs’
(shabiha) gunfire during their raid of the city.
Jableh
On April 14, security forces fired randomly at mourners in a funeral in the city,
resulting in the fall of 19 martyrs, whose names are confirmed.
Damascus and its suburbs
Raids in the city of Douma and the Damascus suburbs, which were among the first to
go out in mass demonstrations, resulted in the death of dozens by security forces’
bullets. Likewise, there were raids in the cities of Darayya, Mo'adamya in the
suburbs, and Barzeh in Damascus, in an attempt to contain the spread of
demonstrations and the demand for the departure of the regime, which resulted in
hundreds of deaths and thousands of detainees.
Among the martyrs of the massacre of Douma on April 3:
The following video shows one of the martyrs of Mo'adamya, Mouhideen Damrani,
who was killed by a security force bullet on April 5.
On April 22, the martyr Mo'ataz Sha'ar, 22, went out after the demonstration of
Hassan Mosque. After he returned to his residence in Darayya, Damascus, he joined
a demonstration there. Bullets and tear gas were dispersed, and he was hit by two
bullets. When his father attempted to save him, security forces stopped them at a
checkpoint and tortured the father as the son bled. The martyr’s two siblings, who
were children, were also arrested.
The following link contains an image of the martyr and his father, with obvious signs
of torture on the father’s body.
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12. Also on April 22, a young child was martyred due to a bullet to the eye in the region
of Barzeh in Damascus.
Increase in arrests and torture
There was an increase in random arrests in various cities that were experiencing
demonstrations. There were frequent reports of detainees being subjected to
various forms of torture.
"Alkarama has received confirmation from Syria that 716 people were arrested during
protests between 9 April and 2 May 2011. While Alkarama has alerted the UN human
rights procedures of this staggering figure, Syrian NGOs claim that the total number of
arrests is closer to a thousand, since protests began in mid-March 2011."
Alkarama report 6-5-2011 (2)
The following video clips show the security forces’ machinery torturing children
arrested in the city of Douma during April 2011.
"Syrian security and intelligence services have arbitrarily detained hundreds of
protesters across the country, subjecting them to torture and ill-treatment, since anti-
government demonstrations began in mid-March 2011, Human Rights Watch said
today."
"Many of those interviewed shortly after their release still had traces of bruises on
their faces and heads. One, a 17-year-old, could hardly move - he needed assistance
sitting down and standing up. Human Rights Watch reviewed video footage showing
evidence of severe beatings on the face and arms of another child, described in the
footage as a 12-year-old from Douma, a town near Damascus."
Joe Stork, deputy Middle East director at Human Rights Watch (3)
Evidence of torture of released detainees arrested in Banyas in April 2011
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13. The testimony of one of the doctors who treated some victims in one of Banyas
hospitals:
Today, we got around 30 cases of newly released detainees, most of whom had various
types of injuries, grave bruises, broken ribs, psychological trauma, broken hands,
broken legs, and many attempts to break the collar bone of the patients. I have to
underline here that whoever was beating them is experienced enough to hurt the
patient and induce pain without killing him. There are double fractures in the arms,
one case of a broken skull, cases of throwing up and loss of balance. This requires an
MRI scan to diagnose and treat, but there is no MRI machine in the hospital.
There are bruises all over the patients’ bodies, especially the chest and the back,
swollen eyes and bleeding under the eye. There are traces of sexual assault and
sodomizing patients with sticks. Psychological traumas are common, especially when
there is an intentional insult for patients’ beliefs. Patients were asked: “who is your
god” and are forced to answer: Bashar Assad (Syrian president) is my god.
Local Coordination Committees in Syria (4)
"Syrian security forces in at least two towns prevented medical personnel and others
from reaching wounded protesters on April 8, 2011, and prevented injured protesters
from accessing hospitals, Human Rights Watch said."
Sarah Leah Whitson, Middle East director at Human Rights Watch (5)
This video shows abusing the body of one of the martyrs on the hands of security
forces and their thugs (shabiha):
On 29 April 2011, Human Rights Council, in its exceptional 16 th meeting and in
statement Number S-16/1, condemned the Syrian regime’s use of excessive force
against peaceful demonstrators. The council called for the regime for an immediate
stop to all forms of violations and demanded that a fact-finding committee is urgently
sent to Syria to investigate those violations.
Human Rights Council report S-16/1 dated 29-4-2011 (6)
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14. The martyrs of the month of April reached 687 martyrs documented by name;
among them are 126 military soldiers and 29 children in Daraa, Homs,
Damascus suburbs, and Damascus; and six women.
Martyrs of April 2011
Raqqa, 6 6
Hasakeh,
Hama, 29 Swaida, 3
Aleppo, 12
Deir Ezzor, 10
Tartous, 46
Daraa, 238
Lattakia, 62
Idlib, 6
Damascus & its
suburbs, 123
Homs, 145
The Human Rights Violations Documenting Center in Syria has recorded 1,528 cases
of detention in April 2011. All victims have been documented and their names
verified. The center also stressed that the real number is much higher.
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15. May 2011
The siege on Talbeiseh and Rastan continues
While huge demonstrations in Talbeiseh and Al Rastan continued everyday, they
reached an all-time high in the Humata Dyar Friday on May 27. The regime sent
huge military reinforcements to besiege the two cities with tanks and heavy
machinery, accompanied by a complete electricity blackout and water cutoff.
This did not stop the people from demonstrating and calling for the downfall of the
regime, which led security and army forces open live fire on these demonstrations,
causing numerous casualties and leaving many wounded.
The following few days witnessed heavy artillery shelling of Talbeiseh, destroying
large parts of the city and leaving dozens wounded and injured.
Mass graves in Daraa
The siege on Daraa continued
under security and army forces’
presence. This was accompanied
by a complete communication
blackout and arrest campaigns in
which city schools were turned
into detention centers.
This went on until May 4, when
the army started withdrawing
their tanks and vehicles from the
city while security checkpoints
remained and the siege continued.
Three mass graves were found in
Daraa on May 16; many of the
discovered bodies bore the signs
of brutal torture. These bodies
belonged to people who were detained by security forces during the siege that was
imposed on the city of Daraa.
One of these graves had the bodies of a full family: Abdulrazzak Abazeid, and his
four children: Samir, Samer, Suleiman, and Mohammad.
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16. Besieging and invading Banyas
The siege on Banyas, the coastal city, started around the beginning of May, when
security forces completely surrounded the city and closed its northern and southern
entrances. At the same time, other troops entered the city to control the center,
especially the main market area.
On May 7, the real invasion of the city began; security forces and the army
performed a search campaign and arrested hundreds.
A nighttime demonstration of 150 women started, denouncing the siege campaign.
Security forces opened fire on the women in the demonstration, killing 3 of them, as
shown in the following video footage:
The security operation lasted for several days and was accompanied by a complete
electricity blackout and water cutoff. Services were restored around May 11.
Damascus and its suburbs
On May 9, the city of Mo'adamya in the Damascus suburbs was invaded after a
complete cutoff of power and cellular communications. Security and army
checkpoints were installed amid heavy and random gunfire.
On May 20, Saqba city was invaded by security forces and thugs (shabiha). Cars and
stores were vandalized and hundreds of civilians were detained
Hama
On May 20, Omran Aldweik was participating in a peaceful demonstration in the city
of Hama when security forces opened fire and he was shot in the leg. He fell to the
ground in front of the Asfour Restaurant on Asi Square Street in the Hader area.
Security forces, some in civilian clothing and others in full uniform, started beating
him brutally until he died at their hands.
This video shoes how he was beaten and how he died:
Daraa
On April 29, Hamza Al-Khateeb (13 years old) was arrested at an army checkpoint
near Daraa, along with hundreds of others, as he was returning from Al-Jiza in an
attempt to break the siege on Daraa.
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17. Security forces arrested him, along with others. All traces of Hamza vanished until
May 25,when his body, bearing the signs of brutal torture and abuse, was returned
to his parents.His genitals were also mutilated, as shown in this video:
Crimes against humanity in Talkalakh
On May 14, security forces and the army started a security operation in the city of
Tal Kalakh near the Lebanese border after demonstrations calling for the downfall
of the Syrian regime. This security operation lasted for a week and resulted in
dozens of casualties. Thousands have been detained and displaced.
"The brutal methods used in a devastating Syrian security operation in the western
town of Tell Kalakh may constitute crimes against humanity, Amnesty International
said today in a new report."
Amnesty International report 6-7-2011 (7)
Amnesty Document: "Crackdown in Syria: Terror in Tell Kalakh" (8)
During this operation, dozens of martyrs fell. 35 names are documented so far.
Hundreds of men, young and old, were detained and brutally tortured, which led to
the death of more than 9 people in detention. Eight of those were shot – they were
activists in demonstrations.
They were wounded when they were ordered out from one of the homes, then
soldiers took them away. Their families were called two weeks later to go to the
closest military hospital and identify the bodies of the eight men.
Amnesty International’s report stated that a medical examiner who works with the
organization analyzed the photo of one of the men, Abdulrahman Abu Labdeh, and
concluded that the man was injured severely in the face, shoulders, and neck while
he was still alive.
Some of the family members of these men said they were forced to sign a document
that says that armed gangs killed their relatives.
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18. "The arrests started during the latest demonstrations on what was named "Freedom
Friday" on 13 May 2011. Subsequently, the army greatly increased its presence, until it
had one division and one regiment at hand, which equals about 244 military vehicles,
including tanks, armored personnel carriers, etc. Also, various supporting forces from
the Military Security, the Political Security, the State Security, as well as the Shabeehah
were deployed. And while they were all wearing the same military uniform, we
managed to distinguish them by the special shoes that the respective forces used."
As for the crimes committed by the armed militias under the control of the regime,
who came to be known under the name of Al-Shabeehah, two other Syrian refugees,
Mr. M.Kh. and Mr. A.J., whom Alkarama met on 18 May 2011, stated that: "These
unofficial and irregular forces carry out arrests of civilians, mostly of youth, as well as
kill protestors by shooting at them from the roofs of buildings, hospitals and even
mosques."
They also added that the Shabeehah are also responsible for "the destruction and theft
of people's property, such as their jewelry", as well as for "pursuing and chasing those
who were about to flee to north Lebanon, in order to prevent them from reaching the
Lebanese-Syrian border, fearing that otherwise the truth of what is happening would
be revealed.""
Alkarama report 8-7-2011 (9)
Idlib
On May 20, a massive demonstration of 10,000 people left Binnesh towards Idlib.
Just before the demonstration reached the city, security forces and shabiha opened
fire on demonstrators, leaving more than 50 dead and dozens wounded.
Aleppo
At the end of May, Dr. Sakhr Hallak from the city of Aleppo was assassinated. Dr.
Hallak had visited the United States in April to attend a medical conference; he was
arrested on May 25on his way home from his Aleppo clinic.
The next morning, he telephoned a friend to tell him that he was being held at a
security branch to be interrogated about his visit to the United States, that he was in
good condition, and that he would be released soon.
This friend visited Dr. Hallak in the security branch after the telephone call and told
his family that Dr. Hallak was in good health.
On May 28, Dr. Hallak’s wife called the security forces branch and was told that her
husband was on his way home. That night, the office of the medical examiner called
the family and told them that they had a body that might belong to Dr. Hallak.
When the body was examined, it became apparent that Dr. Hallak had been
subjected to severe torture and had severe head trauma. His eyes and anus were
deformed, all his ribs were broken, and there were marks from boots on his body.
The cause of death was asphyxia as they could gather from the traces of a rope on
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19. his fingers, probably from trying to untie the rope from his neck. There were also
traces of handcuffs on his wrists.
The following day, the body was delivered to the family. Two security service agents
stayed with the body the whole time to prevent people from taking pictures of the
body or attending the funeral. Only 200 mourners were allowed at the funeral. The
body was transported to the cemetery in a security services car and they supervised
the burial.
Brutal Torture of Detainees
On May 31, 2001, a “general amnesty” was announced. Hundreds of political
prisoners were released later under this amnesty; however, thousands of protesters
and activists were kept imprisoned and were subjected to the most brutal kinds of
torture. The following videos show the cases of former detainees from Idlib, Hama,
and Damascus suburbs in May 2011.
Kafarnubbul: Bruises and scratches on the leg and the left foot of one of the former
detainees, who was tortured by Syrian security forces on May 5, 2011, from the
town of Kafarnubbul, Idlib province, northwest Syria.
Hama: This video shows torture marks on the bodies of two former detainees from
Hama city, May 6, 2011.
This video shows torture marks on the bodies of three former detainees from the
city of Jisr Shughour, Idlib province, May 15, 2011.
This video shows torture marks on the body of a young man from Mo'adamya,
Damascus suburbs, May 9, 2011, after he had been detained in prison for five days.
On May 30, the family of fallen hero Amir Qarah Dalli received his body. He died
under torture after having been imprisoned on April 17, 2011
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20. On May 21, the body of the fallen hero Muhammad Masri was delivered. Masri; from
Qusair, Homs, was a special-needs person (mental retardation). On May 19, he and
his 22-years old brother Omar Masri were detained. Omar saw how his brother was
beaten and harassed. Although Masri’s family brought the security police the
medical statement that proves that Muhammad suffered from mental retardation,
the security police released him as a corpse.
On May 30, the body of victim Amir Rakan Qurah Dali was delivered. He had been
detained on April 17, and he was killed under torture in Baba Amr, Homs.
The overall number of May’s victims is 517: 75 from the military, 24 children,
and 22 women.
Deir Ezzor, 13
Martyrs of April 2011
Banyas, 19 Lattakia, 10
Aleppo, 5
Hasakeh, 4
Raqqa, 3
Idlib, 52
Daraa, 155
Damascus and its
suburbs, 29
Hama, 23
Homs, 203
Page 20 of 70

21. June 2011
Homs
The siege and shelling of the city of Rastan in Homs province continued, along with
house raids and rampant looting of possessions, money, and gold during arrest
campaigns that detained more than 1,000 people. On June 2, the road between Al-
Rastan and Talbeiseh was blocked; snipers were heavily deployed around the road
to prevent any assistance from nearby villages from getting in. A number of critical
locations were broken into, namely pharmacies, in order to cut off medical supplies.
Grocery stores were emptied of food, while detergents were left untouched. Shabiha
and security forces also looted shops and took away the most expensive equipment,
loading it onto trucks. In addition, they fired heavily in the neighborhood of the Al-
Ashtar family, causing the martyrdom of 5 people.
The number of martyrs in Rastan and Talbeiseh during the month of June was more
than 40.
Child and Martyr, Abdullah Juha, in the city of Rastan in Homs on June 18, 2011:
Damascus
On June 2, the body of Zaher Ahmed Al-Mubayyed was handed over to his family. He
had died under torture. Earlier, on April 28, Al-Mubayyed was arrested at the
checkpoint of Darayya-Mo'adamya. The 21-year-old worked in the furniture
business. According to his friend, who was with him that day and was not arrested
himself; Al-Mubayyed was arrested at the checkpoint because he refused to give
them his ID card and his motorcycle [a common means of transportation in Syria].
When his father demanded his release, he was told “Your son needs to be
disciplined; we will discipline him and return him to you.”
They did return him, but as a dead body full of the signs of torture.
Hama
Massive demonstrations took place in the city of Hama on June 3, dubbed Friday of
Freedom’s Children. Security forces and shabiha confronted the demonstrations
with heavy and random gunfire, killing and wounding dozens. Besides the more
than 10 dead bodies found later, victims were killed and dumped unburied.
The number of martyrs of Hama killed in June, as a result of the massacre committed
on the third day of the month, was 68, including 7 children.
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22. The following clips show some of the bodies of the martyrs killed on that day:
Lattakia
On June 10, approximately 20 martyrs were shot dead by security forces’ bullets in
Al-Raml neighborhood in Lattakia. According to physicians’ testimonies and similar
to what can be seen in the following video of one of the martyrs, most of the martyrs
were shot in the head with explosive bullets:
The body of martyr Ismail Milish, in Al-Raml in Lattakia on June 10th
Idlib
On June 11, army and security forces were heavily deployed and spread in the area
extending from Ariha to Jisr Shughour. In addition, they besieged Jisr Shughour from
the north and the west, fired heavy machineguns, raided homes, destroyed property,
and conducted a huge arrest campaign in Ariha. Security forces fired at residents
using rifles, killing 10 victims, most of whom were shot in the head. The army fired
heavily at, then stormed, the nearby village of Muhambel. Army forces fired
indiscriminately at homes, killing the 50-year-old woman Khadija Mohammed Abu
Naqra, who was standing on the roof of her house; and critically injuring her
daughter Khaldieh AbdulAlim. Homes were searched and damaged, despite the fact
that most residents had escaped and had been displaced to Jabal Zawyeh. Of those
who remained in the village, about 90 were arrested.
Daraa
15-year-old Thamer Muhammad Al-Shari lived with his family in the city of Al-Jiza in
Daraa province in Syria. On April 29, he was arrested under the same circumstances
as 13-year-old Hamza Al-Khateeb [Hamza is mentioned before in this report].
Thamer Al-Shari was killed under torture; his body was handed over to his family
on June 8.
The following video shows the marks and signs of torture on the body of the child,
Thamer Al-Shari:
Page 22 of 70

23. Also, during the same month, a leaked video showed dozens of dead bodies of
martyrs who were killed by security forces’ bullets. The bodies were piled inside
large refrigerator cars, to be taken away later.
In addition, a clip showing the martyrs of Al-Karak Mosque in Daraa was leaked. The
clip shows the martyrs surrounded by soldiers laughing and throwing weapons
around the victims.
"Alkarama is concerned at the ongoing widespread violation of human rights in Syria.
On 14 June 2011, we submitted a new communication regarding a further 80 people
who have been extra-judicially executed by the security forces, some dying under
torture to the Special Rapporteur on Extra-judicial, Summary or Arbitrary Executions.
Alkarama was also able to collect information regarding three individuals who died
under torture, including two minors."
Alkarama report 24-6-2011 (10)
Damascus and its suburbs
On June 17, in the town of Harasta, security forces’ snipers shot demonstrators,
directly targeting the heads [shoot to kill policy]:
On June 21, security forces abducted two Syrian activists, Hussein Toma and
Mahmoud Wanousa, from the town of Hammourieh in the Damascus suburbs.
Security forces ran them over while the two activists were riding a motorcycle in the
eastern neighborhood of Hammourieh, at a place called Jisr Ghisrin. Security forces
then abducted and took them away to an undisclosed location. This came after
previous failed attempts to abduct the activists; their homes had been previously
raided multiple times but they had not been caught.
On June 23, security forces started shooting at a massive peaceful demonstration in
the city of Kesweh in the Damascus suburbs. The gunfire caused the fall of five
martyrs, including a 14 year-old child.
On the same day, security forces killed five demonstrators in the Barzeh area of
Damascus. One of them was killed in his house when he tried to prevent shabiha
from breaking into his house, fearing that they would smash and loot it. In addition,
about 20 people were injured from heavy shooting by security, which also
Page 23 of 70

24. surrounded Tishreen Hospital in Barzeh so that they could arrest the wounded. The
number of detainees exceeded 100, and they were transported in buses previously
prepared for this purpose. Security forces also fired more than 50 teargas grenades,
and smashed more than 40 civilian cars in addition to storefronts.
This video also shows security forces and shabiha attacking private and public
properties, especially in Barzeh area in Damascus:
This video shows dozens of units brutally beating a number of demonstrations’
detainees in the Barzeh area of Damascus; the beatings led to the death of one on
June 24.
Homs
On June 24, a military security detachment started shooting at a massive
demonstration in Qusair in Homs. This led to the deaths of four people and injury of
10 others, including a 10-year-old child. The wounded were rushed to the National
Hospital. Not long after they arrived at the hospital, security attacked it to kidnap
the wounded but people surrounded the hospital to protect it. They also surrounded
the security detachment to be able to transport the wounded to Lebanon. During the
transport of the martyrs, a security checkpoint, which included security and Air
Intelligence personnel, started shooting at the ambulance heading to Lebanon.
This video shows the security forces’ and shabiha’s process of humiliating and
torturing citizens in Baba Amr in Homs.
The number of martyrs in June reached 441 including 161 military, 24 female
and male children, and 9 women.
Page 24 of 70

25. Martyrs of June 2011
Daraa, 14
Deir Ezzor, 13
Homs, 73
Idlib, 143
Hama, 68
Lattakia,
36
Tartous, 4
Damascus and
its suburbs, 27
Page 25 of 70

26. July 2011
Homs
Military forces stormed Homs on the July 17, and began a campaign of raiding
houses, arbitrarily arresting people, and indiscriminately shooting at protestors.
These activities led to many martyrs and wounded, as well as shooting at mourners
at funerals of those who were killed in the next few days. Moreover, they shelled the
neighborhoods of Bab Sebaa', Qusoor, Muraijeh, Adawyeh and Fakhoura. During this
month the number of martyrs was 67 in this city only.
The month of July also witnessed the assassination of
many leading activists in Homs:
On July 1, Diaa' Ramez Al-Najjar, 17, was killed at the
Qadmous security checkpoint while he was trying to
save some of his wounded friends in the area. He was
first shot in the foot, then executed by security forces.
On July 8, Hadi Al-Jundi (born in 1989) was also
assassinated. He was one of the prominent activists
who first led and organized demonstrations in the
neighborhoods of Dablan, Ghouta, Hamra, and Mala'ab
Street. Hadi was targeted by a sniper (believed to be
positioned on the roof of the National Hospital) while
he was walking in a safe street.
On July 10, Khalid Al-Afnan was also assassinated. He
was one of the prominent leaders of demonstrations in
the neighborhoods of Deir Ba'albeh and Bayyada and
he occupied a prestigious position in his family. He was targeted and killed while he
was driving his car back home; he was accompanied by his daughter. There was no
demonstration or any kind of protest in the street at the time.
On July 17, several burned bodies of people kidnapped by security forces were
found.
This video shows members of military security assaulting the Imam of Al-Jilani
mosque in the neighborhood of Baba Amr in Homs (July 24):
Page 26 of 70

27. And this video shows an old lady who was shot by the Syrian army in Rastan, Homs,
on August 23:
And a video showing security forces shooting at the mourners of one of the martyrs
in Homs, Khaldieh, on July 19:
Hama
On July 2, the shabiha and security forces stormed the city of Hama. They attacked
homes, established checkpoints, and paralyzed and cordoned off the city following
one month of peaceful demonstrations that had been attended by hundreds of
thousands. These demonstrations were the largest of their kind in the country. The
campaign continued for several days. As a result, dozens died or were injured,
hundreds were arbitrarily detained, and dozens of families took refuge in Damascus
and Salamiyeh. Over the following days, the city saw waves of security forces
operations that involved random shooting, arbitrary detention, and home raid
campaigns. All the while, the peaceful demonstrations continued.
Massive demonstration in Asi square, Hama, on July 1:
"Hama is the latest city to fall victim to President Bashar al-Asad's security forces
despite his promises that his government would tolerate peaceful protests, security
forces have responded to protests with the brutality that's become familiar over the
past several months."
Sarah Leah Whitson, Middle East director at Human Rights Watch (11)
Security forces stormed the city again on July 31:
A video segment showing the dead body of Ghadeer Al-Jalta, 5, killed by security
forces’ gunfire in Hama on July 31:
Another clip showing the body of a victim of the shelling on Hama on July 31:
Page 27 of 70

28. The number of martyrs in the city reached 103 during the month of July.
Damascus and its suburbs
On July 7, the town of Dumair was stormed by more than 5,000 soldiers and 40
armored vehicles, including tanks. Immediately upon their arrival, they established
checkpoints, blocked roads, positioned snipers and machine guns in high posts, and
prohibited public- and private-sector employees from going to work. At nine o'clock,
Major General Jamil Al-Hasan, Brigadier General Mohammad Rahmoun of the Air
Force Intelligence, and a Colonel who is the Operations Commander of the
55thBrigade of the Fourth Division. They asked the elders of the town to meet at the
municipal center. They said words to the effect of: (we want all those who have
demonstrated, otherwise you will see woe). The elders attempted to calm things
down but the response was that this is not an option, and that if the residents gather
in a demonstration ever again they will be killed. They were warned to "keep the
kids and those you love away from demonstrating because orders to kill are issued."
The security cordon was extended around the town by about 2 kilometers. No one
was able to get in or out. Hundreds of the town residents were arbitrarily detained.
The next day, fewer army forces were deployed again, without armored vehicles.
The rest of these vehicles remained at the military housing units on the outskirts of
the city.
During the same month, multiple other campaigns were undertaken. The army and
security forces carried out shootings, took on arbitrary detention and break-in
campaigns, established military and security checkpoints, and stormed several
towns.
Examples include events in Zabadani and Kanaker on July 27. Each campaign ended
with the detention of hundreds of citizens and the injury of dozens of others. In
Kanaker, the army and security forces, backed by tanks and armored vehicles,
surrounded the town on July 27. Water, electricity, and land communications were
cut. The town was then invaded amid random gunfire, which led to several dead or
injured. Hundreds were arbitrarily detained.
On July 26, the army and security forces stormed the
town of Qatana with 5,000 troops backed by about 25
tanks, including 18 that belong to the Republican
Guard. Seven tanks were stationed atop Ain Al-Sultan
hill. Checkpoints were set up around the town’s
perimeter and were used to fire directly at anyone who
attempted to exit the city. A mother and her 7-month-
old infant were fired upon. The child, Ahmad
Mohammad Sabboura, died while the mother was shot
in the chest and mouth. Al-Hikma hospital was forced
to close and was sealed on the pretext of treating the
Page 28 of 70

29. wounded without prior approval. Several nurses were detained. The wounded who
were prevented from being treated there were then moved to houses, where
essential medical care and supplies are lacking. By the time the campaign ended it
had resulted in 1,500 detainees. Living conditions were very poor; each family was
allowed one bundle of bread (8 loafs) and there was a water shortage.
In Douma, demonstrations that started on July 15 were suppressed using grenades
containing metal pellets that pepper the body and penetrate deep into the skin.
In Harasta, the shabiha and security forces opened fire and threw nail bombs on July
22nd.
In Damascus, firing at demonstrators continued in several neighborhoods. The
following video link shows live ammunition being fired at demonstrators in the
Qaboon neighborhood on July 15th. As a result, 12 people fell martyrs.
And this video documents the beating of a protestor in Barzeh, Damascus on July
15th. It resulted in his death.
Army and security forces troops aiming directly at demonstrators in Qaboon
Martyr Ahmad Al-Khashen
Martyr Mohammad Al-Sharbaji:
Obituary of martyrs on July 15:
Page 29 of 70

30. Deir Ezzor
On July 8, Deir Ezzor was stormed.
And on July 16th, the security forces opened fire randomly at demonstrators in the
city of Boukamal. Several people died or were injured as a result. The next day, army
troops, backed by tanks and heavy armored vehicles, surrounded the city but did
not descend on it.
Homs
On July 28th, the shabiha and security forces burst into the home of Dr. Ma'moun
Jandali and his spouse. They broke furniture, looted what they could, cursed at them
and beat them sharply. This comes in retaliation to the stances of their son, the
internationally acclaimed musician Malek Jandali, who had participated in a pro-
revolution demonstration in the US several days prior.
Lattakia
The city saw several incidences of firing live ammunition at demonstrations in
several areas. The following videos are but two examples of the security forces firing
live bullets in the Qunaines neighborhood on July 29.
Child martyr Layal Askar, 7 years old, in Daraa city.
During the month of July, the total number of martyrs was 372, including 44
soldiers, 30 children, and 5 women.
Page 30 of 70

31. Martyrs of July 2011
Homs, 67
Damascus and its
suburbs, 69
Banyas, 7
Hama, 103
Page 31 of 70

32. August 2011
Hama
The security situation continued to deteriorate in the city of Hama with the
storming of the city by army tanks and the continuation of random shooting, as it
appears in this video on August 5, 2011.
The following video shows bodies of the number of martyrs who were victims of
shelling in Hama on August 7:
This video shows the body of one of the children in Hama on August 19:
Lattakia
On August 13, Syrian army forces, supported by heavy machinery and weapons,
stormed the Raml Al-Janoby neighborhood. This was accompanied by heavy gunfire
at homes and water tanks, and an arrest campaign that affected hundreds of young
men. Security forces completely cut off electricity and telecommunications in the
area. Bulldozers and other heavy equipment also entered the area and demolished
some houses and altered the main roads. The security apparatus also occupied
Hurriya (Freedom) Square in the neighborhood, and started shooting at the minaret
of the Mohajreen Mosque. A'aedin Camp for Palestinian Refugees; which is a road
leading to the square, was stormed, and about 5,000 Palestinians were displaced by
force when they were ordered via bullhorn to evacuate their homes.
Within three days of the military operations in the neighborhood, more than 30
martyrs and more than 200 wounded fell (all civilians), including women and a two-
and-a-half year-old girl. The neighborhood witnessed heavy displacementsof
civilians.
This video shows the camp under random shelling.
This video also shows humiliating and torturing of the
citizens while storming Palestinian Raml camp in
Lattakia by a Brigadier in the marines.
Page 32 of 70

33. Among the martyrs of Lattakia in August was the child Bara' Mahmoud Qabaro (9
years old). She was killed while asleep in her bed at home in the Al-Ashrafeya
neighborhood. She was hit by shrapnel of a bomb that was thrown at the house next
door; the shrapnel entered her heart and she died instantly.
Child martyr Ola Jeblawy was shot in the eye in the Skantory area in Lattakia on
August 14, 2011.
Homs
The shelling and killing in the city of Homs and its suburbs continued, and the
outcome of the martyrs in August alone in this city were 150 martyrs.
The following video shows some of the martyrs in Baba Amr in Homs on August 5:
This video shows the remains of martyr Hamza Darweesh, who fell due to an
armored shell in Bab Sebaa' in Homs on August 5:
And a video that shows the martyrdom of two people in the Baba Amr neighborhood
in their house on August 10.
Page 33 of 70

34. Homs also witnessed, this month, the assassination of the well-known activist
Pharmacist Jamal Fatwa in Homs Military Hospital, where he was transferred. He
had suffered a fractured skull as a result of being tortured for three days after his
arrest by military security On August 2, 2011, from a demonstration in Al-Mala'ab
Al-Balady.
Damascus and its suburbs
And on August 25, security and shabiha units kidnapped world-famous caricature
artist Ali Ferzat, brutally beat him, and stole the contents of his personal bag before
throwing him on the airport road in Damascus.
And field activist Samer Anwar Al-Hashash, from Irbeen in Damascus suburbs, was
assassinated in front of his wife and children while security units stormed the
family’s house.
Fahd A'dnan Al-Khija (30 years old) was also martyred in Damascus suburbs in
Douma, as a result of torture at the state security branch. The martyr was arrested
on July 31, 2011 by state security after he was in the Badran printing house in
Douma at 4 pm. He was taken to the Al-Khateeb Branch of State Security and
suffered from convulsions. His cellmates asked prison guards to rescue him, but
they did not respond for 30 minutes. They finally they took him out of the cell for
two hours, and then brought him back in the same condition. He died moments
later.
Ghassan Al-Refae'i was also martyred in Qaboon in Damascus; his body, bearing the
signs of torture, was thrown in front of his house after he had been was detained for
a few days by security.
In the city of Harasta, security forces and shabiha opened fire on peaceful
demonstrators in on August 19, 2011; this led to the fall of many martyrs from being
shot by security.
Daraa
On August 28, which was the first day of Eid Al-
Fitr, security forces opened fire on the
Page 34 of 70

35. demonstrators on Harra town in Daraa, which led to the fall of many wounded and
martyrs.
In the month of August the well-known activist Ma'n Al-Odat was assassinated
during a shooting at the funeral of martyr Malek Al-Karrad in the city of Daraa
Detainees
The detainees of this month include 22 lawyers in the city of Raqqa, for participating
in a peaceful sit-in at the headquarters of the Lawyer’s Union inside the justice
palace in Raqqa, at the invitation of “Syrian Lawyers for Freedom.”
Approximately 80 students were arrested on August 19 from the University City in
Homs, after it was stormed by security forces and shabiha, who beat and tortured
the students – all accused of participating in the peaceful demonstrations.
The detainees in the month of August 2011 include the well-known activist Ghassan
Yaseen, who was arrested on August 18 in the city of Aleppo. It was the second time
he had been arrested since the beginning of the revolution.
"At least 88 people are believed to have died in detention in Syria during five months of
bloody repression of the country’s pro-reform protests, a new Amnesty International
report reveals"
Amnesty International Syria researcher Neil Sammonds said:
“These deaths behind bars are reaching massive proportions and appear to be an
extension of the same brutal disdain for life that we are seeing daily on the streets of
Syria.
The accounts of torture we have received are horrific. We believe the Syrian
government to be systematically persecuting its own people on a vast scale."
Amnesty International report 30-8-2011 (12)
Amnesty Document: "Deadly detention: Deaths in custody amid popular
protest in Syria" (13)
This new resolution convicts again the regime of Bashar Assad's use of systematic
violence against his own people and on a large scale, and the Council establishes under
this resolution an independent commission of inquiry mandated to shed light on the
human rights situation in Syria, where the committee completes the task of fact-
finding mission entrusted the task of investigating human rights violations in Syria
following the adoption of resolution S - 16 / 1, in last April.
And in the 17th of August this mission sent to investigate facts, recorded serious
violations by the regime of Bashar Al-Assad, including in particular: ill-treatment,
enforced disappearances, arbitrary and extrajudicial executions, and torture.
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36. In the wake of what the mission found of results, the Council expressed concern about
the seriousness of these violations that amount to crimes against humanity in
accordance with the provisions of Article 7 of the Rome Statute of the International
Criminal Court.
Arabic report from Alkarama 23-8-2011 )11(
United Nations Human Rights Council resolution S-16/1 (6)
Page 36 of 70

37. The number of martyrs in the month of August reached 444 martyrs, including
33 military martyrs, 39 children, and 15 women.
Martyrs of Augest 2011
Lattakia, 57
Homs, 150
Hama, 60
Daraa, 40
Idlib, 42
Damascus and
its suburbs, 52 Deir Ezzor, 32
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38. September 2011
Homs
On September 19, security and army forces surrounded Al-Hikma Hospital next to
Baba Amr neighborhood, and kidnapped about 20 wounded and sick people. Then
they surrounded the streets leading to the neighborhood, shooting randomly at
houses and water tanks before raiding neighborhood homes and arresting dozens.
Detainees were held in the nearby Al-Basel Stadium, which was transformed into a
prison. The operation led to the martyrdom of about 10 civilians and dozens of
wounded. All this was accompanied by a complete cutoff of communications,
electricity, and water, as well as a severe shortage of food.
In early September, the city of Homs also witnessed the assassination of a number of
technical and scientific experts, including the head of thoracic surgery at the
National Hospital in Homs, the Deputy Dean of the Faculty of Architecture
Engineering for Academic Affairs, and the Dean of the Faculty of Petro Chemistry in
Al-Baath University. At the time, the regime tried to accuse the youth of the
revolution of committing these assassinations. However, the revolutionary forces
strongly denied the charges, and confirmed them as being a regime fabrication
similar to those witnessed in the 1980s.
At the end of September, security forces and army stormed the city of Rastan amid
random shelling and heavy shooting after cutting off all communications. Security
forces and shabiha exhumed martyrs from their graves, arrested hundreds of
others, and detained them in a cement factory and schools, which were transformed
into prisons. More than 60 people were martyred, and we have been able to
document the names of only 36 of them. The military campaign on the city
continued until the beginning of October.
Damascus suburbs
On September 11, peace activist Ghiath Matar (26 years
old) was martyred as a result of severe torture, five days
after he had been arrested by Air Intelligence in the city
of Darayya in Damascus suburbs. This video shows the
signs of torture on his body:
In Douma on September 2, 2011, demonstrators were
repressed by live ammunition.
Page 38 of 70

39. All of the mosques of the city of Douma were surrounded by security and army in
the Friday of “Unity of the Opposition” and snipers were deployed on residential
rooftops on September 23, 2011.
A small town may have thousands of people who have completely lost touch since the
beginning of the events which took place in Syria. While the most reserved observers
estimate that number in the range of 3000 people, others offer a number more than
10,000, but it is established that both parties agree to a massive observed rise in the
cases of enforced disappearances the country witnessed in recent months, as a result of
violent repression against the civilian people.
If just these numbers were troubling, the nature of this widespread systematic
practice, which included all parts of Syria, is a source of even a greater concern; where
it became that each person to get arrested now, is placed automatically in most cases,
in solitary confinement for weeks or months without any contact with the outside
world, which increases the anxiety of the families that find themselves completely
helpless, especially as the authorities deny the occurrence of these arrests, as well as
the fact that the units responsible for these abductions, belong to different and
multiple security devices, and not to the judicial police.
Arabic report from Alkarama 2-9-2011 )11(
The number of the martyrs in September reached 499, including 69 military
martyrs, 41 children, and 18 women.
Martyrs of Septermber 2011
Lattakia,
Aleppo, 8 Damascus and
15
its suburbs, 51
Deir Ezzor, 20
Daraa, 20
Hama, 77
Idlib, 65
Homs, 232
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40. 1-15 October 2011
Homs
On October 19, the neighborhoods of Homs had an atmosphere of a real war. The
sounds of explosions from rocket-propelled grenades and nail and sound bombs
echoed in all the neighborhoods. There was heavy gunfire from different kinds of
machineguns, and Dushka and Shilka anti-aircraft, which destroyed several houses
in the neighborhoods of Bab Sebaa', Nazeheen, and Karm Al-Zaitoun. These
operations resulted in the fall of 9 martyrs and dozens of wounded, many of them in
critical condition. Security forces and shabiha prevented ambulances and the Red
Crescent from providing emergency treatment to the wounded.
This video shows the destruction that happened in Bab Sebaa' neighborhood, and
randomly targeting houses:
This video shows the effects of the violent shelling of the neighborhoods of Qusoor
and Khaldieh in Homs:
On October 11, the city of Rastan was stormed again by the army, which caused the
destruction of major parts of the city including Hurriya Square, in which
demonstrators used to gather, and a number of mosques:
Qamishli
On October 17, Syrian Kurdish activist and leader of the
Kurdish Future Movement, Masha'al Temmo, was
assassinated by the Syrian regime’s shabiha. He had
survived an assassination attempt the previous month.
"Syrian protesters in Europe and the Americas have been systematically monitored
and harassed by embassy officials and others believed to be acting on behalf of the
Syrian regime, Amnesty International said today in a new briefing paper.
'The Long Reach of the Mukhabaraat' includes cases of more than 30 activists in eight
countries - Canada, Chile, France, Germany, Spain, Sweden, the UK and the USA – who
say that they have faced intimidation from embassy officials and others and that their
Page 40 of 70

41. relatives in Syria have as a result, in some cases, apparently been exposed to
harassment, detention and even torture."
Amnesty International report 3-10-2011 (16)
Amnesty Document: "The Long Reach of the Mukhabaraat " (17)
"The Syrian people should not have to suffer because of political disagreements about
the situation in a different country. Yesterday's veto was nothing short of a betrayal of
the Syrian people"
Malcolm Smart, Amnesty International's MENA Director (18)
The number of martyrs in the first two weeks of October reached 278 martyrs,
including 94 military martyr, 14 children, and 6 women.
Martyrs in the first half of October 2011
Hasakeh, 11
Idlib, 33
Lattakia, 12
Homs, 108
Aleppo, 15
Hama, 34
Daraa, 13 Tartous, 9
Deir Ezzor, 6 Damascus, 32
Page 41 of 70

42. Special Cases
Taking revenge on the families of activists and defected soldiers
In the last few months, we have seen several cases of revenge being taken on the
families of activists involved in the revolution and defected soldiers who refused to
shoot at peaceful protestors. Of these:
Taking revenge on the family of the lieutenant colonel Hussein Harmoush
From the village of Ibleen, Jabal Zawyeh, province of Idlib; who defected on June 9,
2011. At first, security forces kidnapped his brother Hasan (33 years old) in June
2011, and nothing is known about him. After that, security forces stormed the house
of his elder brother Muhammad (74 years old) and arrested him, his son Ahmed (30
years old), and his son-in-law Muhannad (34 years old) after they shot his wife in
the shoulder and leg and kidnapped her as well. A few days later, the dead bodies of
Muhammad and Muhannad were returned; they had been tortured to death. The
fate of Ahmad and his mother is still unknown.
In addition, last September, security forces kidnapped the cousins of Lieutenant
Colonel Hussein Harmoush: Mousa (22 years old) and Hasan (18 years old). The
next day Hasan's dead body was returned; he had been executed after being brutally
tortured in the Military Security Department in Idlib. A few hours, the dead body of
Mousa, who had suffered the same fate, was returned.
Targeting doctors and medical personnel
Frequently, Syrian authorities target medical staff and hospitals as part of their
security crackdown tactic for the past few months of the revolution. Nurses and
doctors are arrested if they are suspected of treating those wounded at protests.
Hospitals and clinics are also raided for being suspected of treating demonstrators.
Treating the wounded before notifying authorities is prohibited, as per public
security directives, whether at private or public hospitals. This means an immediate
detention [of the wounded] by the security forces regardless of the dangers of their
injury and the need for immediate medical attention.
The Human Rights Violations Documentation Center recorded more than 250 cases
of doctors and pharmacists being detained from their private clinics, medical
centers, and hospitals. Furthermore, several hospitals have been raided, including
Fateh Hospital in Kafarbatna and Al-Raja' Hospital in Irbeen.
Hourani Hospital in Hama raided on Aug 15.
Fateh Hospital in Kafarbatna in Damascus suburbs raided on September 2.
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43. Bab Sebaa Hospital in Homs raided on Oct 19.
These strict security measures in the medical sector pushes most of the wounded to
receive treatment in their homes and with minimal medical capabilities, for fear of
being imprisoned[extra judicially] from hospitals or being subjected to targeted
assassinations, which many of the wounded have suffered after being arrested in a
hospital by security forces.
Among the doctors who have been imprisoned is the young Nezar Madani from
Qaboon, Damascus. He was arrested on Sunday for the second time since the
beginning of the revolution. It is noteworthy that he had been wanted by the
security forces for the three months prior. Additionally, Dr. Asaad Sayeh, from Bab
in Aleppo, and Dr. Omar Saryoul, from Douma, in the Damascus suburbs, and the
chairperson of the Health Association in Douma, were targeted.
On October 9, Dr. Abdelmunem Hejazi was detained in Kesweh, Damascus suburbs,
after his medical office was raided by security forces. On the same day, the well-
known Dr. Mohammad Fateh Halawa was imprisoned. He is the executive director of
the private Fateh Hospital in Kafarbatna, Damascus suburbs, which had been raided
several times since the beginning of the revolution. He was accused of treating
wounded demonstrators.
The detention of the psychiatrist Dr. Mohammad Abu Hilal, from Kesweh, has
continued since September 26, when he was detained from the medical center
where he worked.
The detention of Dr. Al-Qa'qa' Mughir from Deir Ezzor continues since August 23.
Dr. Mohammad Sheikh Ibrahim from Lattakia has also been incarcerated for more
than five months; he was detained while treating the injured. He was recently
referred to the court system, where he has been charged with of “weakening the
national sentiment and undermining the prestige of the state.”
Security sweeps on hospitals and medical personnel continue and now include
nurses and pharmacists. The latest incident was the imprisonment of the
pharmacist Rae'ef Hani Hajjar from Homs a few days ago.
Amnesty International recently issued a report that highlights several cases of
attacks on medical personnel and the wounded in hospitals:
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44. Death during detention
The number of people killed in detention is 161, geographically distributed as
shown in the chart below.
Killed in detention
Lattakia, 5 Other, 4
Hama, 8
Daraa, 30
Damascus and its
suburbs, 23
Idlib, 19
Homs, 72
Included among them are the victims of the Saida Bridge massacre on April 29 in
Daraa province. The bodies were returned after they had been liquidated in
detention.
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45. Area(within
City or
City), or Town
Name Date
(within
Provincial Age Comments
Unit
Province)
Yasser was imprisoned
Sept. 11, 2011. His body
Yasser Hafiz
11-10-2011 Mare' Aleppo was delivered to his family
‫ياسرالحافظ‬
‫مارع‬ Oct. 11, 2011, with marks of
torture on it.
Imprisoned by security
after being wounded by
Muhammad
gunfire; died of the wounds
Abdulqader
Damascus by end of day.
Sayigh Dumair 20
8-10-2011 suburbs
‫محمدعبد‬ ‫الضمير‬
‫القادرالصايغ‬
Muhammad
Ahmad
Qusoor
Husaini 6-10-2011 Homs
‫القصور‬
‫أحمد‬
‫محمد الحسيني‬
Sayih Hasan Detained Oct. 4, 2011. His
Masri Hilfaya body was delivered to his
00-10-2011 Hama 44
‫سايح حسن‬ ‫حلفايا‬ family on Oct. 6, 2011, and
‫المصري‬ bore the signs of torture.
Muhammad
Detained for a month, he
Ahmad Bayyada
00-10-2011 Homs 00 died under torture in the
‫محمد‬ ‫البياضة‬
Air Force Security branch.
‫األحمد‬
Detained for over a month
with his three sons, accused
Talal of providing emergent care
Mamduh to them. His sons are still
Turjman 00-10-2011 Homs 44 imprisoned.
‫طالل ممدوح‬
‫الترجمان‬
Detained for two days &
died under torture.
Muhannad
Khaldieh
Madarati 04-10-2011 Homs
‫الخالدية‬
‫مهند مدراتي‬
Yaseen Sadiq Imprisoned on Oct. 3, 2011;
Omar Jisr Shughour his body delivered to his
04-10-2011 Idlib
‫ياسين صادق‬ ‫جسر الشغور‬ family with signs of torture
‫العمر‬ on Oct. 5
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46. Area(within
City or
City), or Town
Name Date
(within
Provincial Age Comments
Unit
Province)
Muhammad
Ahmad
Husain Qaryatain Forcibly disappeared on Oct
04-10-2011 Homs
Rahmoun ‫القريتين‬ 3, 2011; tortured to death.
‫محمد أحمد حسين‬
‫الرحمون‬
Imprisoned Sept. 3, 2011;
his body was delivered to
his family with signs of
Husain ‘Ali
Kernaz torture on Oct. 5, 2011
Hamsho 04-10-2011 Hama
‫كرناز‬
‫حسين علي حمشو‬
He was abducted /forcibly
disappearedbecause he
Rashid
refused to shoot at
Mustafa
demonstrators on Oct 4,
Mansur 5-10-2011 Homs 24
2011. His body--marks of
‫رشيد مصطفى‬
torture were clear on it--
‫المنصور‬
was delivered to his family
on Oct 5, 2011.
Torture: He refused to
detain demonstrators, so
Fadi Hasan
shabiha (regime’s thugs)
Aboud 5-10-2011 Homs 30
abducted/ forcibly
‫فادي حسن عبود‬
disappeared him and
tortured him to death.
He was detained on Sept 15,
2011. His body, with marks
Zakaryia of torture on it, was
Abdu Dhahir Kafr Uwaid delivered on Oct 4, 2011.
4-10-2011 Idlib 34
‫زكريا عبدو‬ ‫كفرعويد‬
‫الضاهر‬
He was detained on Sept 20,
Omar 2011. It is believed that he
Khulayyif died under torture.
Deir Ba'albeh
Safuk 4-10-2011 Homs
‫ديربعلبة‬
‫عمر خليف‬
‫صفوك‬
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47. Area(within
City or
City), or Town
Name Date
(within
Provincial Age Comments
Unit
Province)
He was detained on Sept,
21, 2011. His body full of
Abdullah excruciating torture marks
Faraj Zu’aib Baba Amr was delivered to his family
3-10-2011 Homs
‫عبد هللا فرج‬ ‫بابا عمرو‬ on Oct 3-2011.
‫زعيب‬
He was detaineda few days
prior to the date provided.
Abdo He died under torture. His
AbdulHay body was delivered on Oct.
KhanShaikhoun
Reem 2-10-2011 Idlib 2, 2011.
‫خانشيخون‬
‫عبدو عبد الحي‬
‫الريم‬
He was detained a few days
prior to the date provided.
Mohammad He died under torture. His
AbdulMu’in body was delivered on Oct.
KhanShaikhoun
Qutaini 2-10-2011 Idlib 28 2, 2011.
‫خانشيخون‬
‫محمد عبد المعين‬
‫قطيني‬
Imprisoned on Sept 30,
2011; his body was
Muhammad delivered to his family on
Musa Telawi KhanShaikhoun Oct. 2, 2011 with signs of
02-10-2011 Idlib
‫محمد موسى‬ ‫خانشيخون‬ torture on it.
‫التالوي‬
Subjected to torture, he was
Imad Manhal killed with a bullet to the
Abu Halawa Ibta’a head.
02-10-2011 Daraa
‫عماد منهل أبو‬ ‫ابطع‬
‫حالوة‬
He was forcibly disappeared
Jabal Zawyeh –
Ahmad Skaf / abducted; he was tortured
02-10-2011 Basamis Idlib 44
‫أحمد سكاف‬ until death; his body was
‫جبل الزاوية - بسامس‬
found on Oct. 2, 2011.
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48. Area(within
City or
City), or Town
Name Date
(within
Provincial Age Comments
Unit
Province)
Hassan
Um A'mad
Husain 02-10-2011 Homs
‫أمالعمد‬
‫حسان حسين‬
Imprisoned on Sept. 28,
Ahmad 2011; his body was
Raslan delivered to his family on
Bayyada
AbdulHay 01-10-2011 Homs Oct. 1, 2011.
‫البياضة‬
‫أحمد رسالن عبد‬
‫الحي‬
Zuhair Imprisoned on Sept. 26,
Bayyada
Tarabulsi 22-9-2011 Homs 34 2011, from the Bayyada
‫البياضة‬
‫زهير الطرابلسي‬ neighborhood checkpoint
Imprisoned after having
been wounded, on Saturday,
Sept. 24, 2011; his body was
Ahmad Abdo Banyas delivered to his family on
22-9-2011 Tartous
‫أحمد عبدو‬ ‫بانياس‬ Sept. 28, 2011.
Sheikh Muhammad Mahdi
was imprisoned on Sept. 16,
2011; he died under
Muhammad torture; his body was
Mahdi Siyadi Hilfaya delivered to his family on
20-9-2011 Hama
‫محمد المهدي‬ ‫حلفايا‬ Sept. 26, 2011.
‫الصيادي‬
Imprisoned on Sept. 16,
Yusef 2011; died under torture;
Muhammad his body was delivered to
Hilfaya
Mahdi Siyadi 20-9-2011 Hama his family on Sept. 26, 2011.
‫حلفايا‬
‫يوسف محمد‬
‫المهدي الصيادي‬
Imprisoned on Sept. 16,
Musa 2011; died under torture;
Muhammad his body was delivered to
Hilfaya
Mahdi Siyadi 20-9-2011 Hama his family on Sept. 26, 2011.
‫حلفايا‬
‫موسى محمد‬
‫المهدي الصيادي‬
Page 48 of 70