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Highway Repair:
It’s A Group Effort
How Does the Geotechnical
 Engineering Department
       Contribute?
Why Do We Use Non-
  Destructive Testing?
 Assessing the potential durability of the pavement

 Confirming or locating suspected deterioration of
   concrete

 Monitor long-term changes

 Determine the position, quality and condition of
   reinforcement

 Minimize the number of destructive tests
Types of Tests
 Non-Destructive               Destructive
A non-invasive             Conventional Methods
technique used to          that enable the
determine the integrity    strength of the
or properties of a         concrete to be
material                   measured by coring or
                           cutting samples from
Allows inspection          concrete
without interfering with
a product or element
final use
Types of Tests
Non-Destructive              Destructive




          Partially Destructive
      Concrete is tested to failure but the
        damage is localized and the
         member is not significantly
                  weakened.
Name all the destructive
   and non-destructive
testing methods you know
Examples of Tests
    Non-Destructive            Destructive
    Falling Weight         Coring
     Deflectometer
                            LOOK IN NDT notes
    Radiography             at home
    Ground Penetrating
     Radar

 Hammer Rebound
     Testing

 Covermeter

 Ultrasonic Pulse
     Velocity
Which of these tests do
 you think we use on
 Ministry Highways?
Tests Employed By The Ministry

  Visual Inspection

  FWD

  Ground Penetrating
    Radar

  Coring
What does the FWD
     measure
Typical FWD Testing Results
The Evaluation Matrix
Load Transfer   Low                        Medium                    High
Efficiency      (Crack < 13mm)             (Crack 13-25mm)           (Crack >25mm)
Good            JPCP - Consider Other      JPCP – Full Depth         All – Full Depth
(>70%)          Data to Determine Repair   JRCP & Joints –           Repair
                JRCP & Joints – Do         Consider Other Data to
                Nothing                    Determine Repair
Fair            JPCP – Full Depth          All – Full Depth Repair   All – Full Depth
(50-70%)        JRCP & Joints – Consider                             Repair
                Other Data to Determine
                Repair
Poor            All – Full Depth Repair    All – Full Depth Repair   All – Full Depth
(< 50%)                                                              Repair
Using the evaluation
matrix and the example
just handed out, which
  sections of highway
   would your team
 suggest need repair?
The Evaluation Matrix
Load Transfer   Low                        Medium                    High
Efficiency      (Crack < 13mm)             (Crack 13-25mm)           (Crack >25mm)
Good            JPCP - Consider Other      JPCP – Full Depth         All – Full Depth
(>70%)          Data to Determine Repair   JRCP & Joints –           Repair
                JRCP & Joints – Do         Consider Other Data to
                Nothing                    Determine Repair
Fair            JPCP – Full Depth          All – Full Depth Repair   All – Full Depth
(50-70%)        JRCP & Joints – Consider                             Repair
                Other Data to Determine
                Repair
Poor            All – Full Depth Repair    All – Full Depth Repair   All – Full Depth
(< 50%)                                                              Repair
What was actually
  repaired …

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Instructional Methods Example 2

  • 1. Highway Repair: It’s A Group Effort How Does the Geotechnical Engineering Department Contribute?
  • 2. Why Do We Use Non- Destructive Testing?  Assessing the potential durability of the pavement  Confirming or locating suspected deterioration of concrete  Monitor long-term changes  Determine the position, quality and condition of reinforcement  Minimize the number of destructive tests
  • 3. Types of Tests Non-Destructive Destructive A non-invasive Conventional Methods technique used to that enable the determine the integrity strength of the or properties of a concrete to be material measured by coring or cutting samples from Allows inspection concrete without interfering with a product or element final use
  • 4. Types of Tests Non-Destructive Destructive Partially Destructive Concrete is tested to failure but the damage is localized and the member is not significantly weakened.
  • 5. Name all the destructive and non-destructive testing methods you know
  • 6. Examples of Tests Non-Destructive Destructive  Falling Weight  Coring Deflectometer  LOOK IN NDT notes  Radiography at home  Ground Penetrating Radar  Hammer Rebound Testing  Covermeter  Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity
  • 7. Which of these tests do you think we use on Ministry Highways?
  • 8. Tests Employed By The Ministry  Visual Inspection  FWD  Ground Penetrating Radar  Coring
  • 9. What does the FWD measure
  • 11. The Evaluation Matrix Load Transfer Low Medium High Efficiency (Crack < 13mm) (Crack 13-25mm) (Crack >25mm) Good JPCP - Consider Other JPCP – Full Depth All – Full Depth (>70%) Data to Determine Repair JRCP & Joints – Repair JRCP & Joints – Do Consider Other Data to Nothing Determine Repair Fair JPCP – Full Depth All – Full Depth Repair All – Full Depth (50-70%) JRCP & Joints – Consider Repair Other Data to Determine Repair Poor All – Full Depth Repair All – Full Depth Repair All – Full Depth (< 50%) Repair
  • 12. Using the evaluation matrix and the example just handed out, which sections of highway would your team suggest need repair?
  • 13. The Evaluation Matrix Load Transfer Low Medium High Efficiency (Crack < 13mm) (Crack 13-25mm) (Crack >25mm) Good JPCP - Consider Other JPCP – Full Depth All – Full Depth (>70%) Data to Determine Repair JRCP & Joints – Repair JRCP & Joints – Do Consider Other Data to Nothing Determine Repair Fair JPCP – Full Depth All – Full Depth Repair All – Full Depth (50-70%) JRCP & Joints – Consider Repair Other Data to Determine Repair Poor All – Full Depth Repair All – Full Depth Repair All – Full Depth (< 50%) Repair
  • 14. What was actually repaired …