Booker T. Washington was an American educator born into slavery in 1856 in Virginia. He worked manual jobs until saving enough money for school. In 1881, he founded Tuskegee Institute, an influential historically black college in Alabama. As its leader for over 30 years, he advocated for industrial education and racial uplift through vocational skills. He also advised three U.S. presidents and was a renowned author and speaker on topics of education and race relations.