1. KEY &TERMINATIONKEY &TERMINATION

2. DIMENSIONS OF ORALDIMENSIONS OF ORAL
COMMUNICATIONCOMMUNICATION
Articulatory Acoustic Auditory
Vibration of
vocal folds
Fundamental
frequency
Pitch
Physical effort Amplitude
(intensity)
Loudness
Timing of
movements
Time duration Length
Cauldwell and Allan (1998)

3. Relative pitch level and pitch movement
Factors affecting the pitch
1- Idiosincratic (physical conditions, sex,
age)
2- Socio-cultural (social or cultural
constraints)
3- Emotional (feelings and moods)

4. SYSTEM OF PITCH MOVEMENT
Tone Symbol Shape
Falling p
Rising r +
Rise-fall p+
Fall-rise r
Level o

5. The pitch level on the onset syllable
determines the KEY of the tonic segment.
The pitch level of the tonic syllable
represents a independently meaningful
system: TERMINATION.
KEY TERMINATION
High
Mid // p it’s JUSTJUST starting to RAINRAIN//
Low

6. THE KEY SYSTEM
PITCH LEVEL MEANING EXAMPLE
High Key Contrastive ( A not B) LOST
//p he GAMbled // p and //
Mid Key Additive (A + B)
//p he GAMbled// p and LOST//
Low Key Equative (A = B)
//p he GAMbled// p and //
LOST

7. KEY TERMINATION
High
Mid // p it’s JUST starting to RAIN //
Low
High JUST RAIN
Mid // p it’s starting to //
Low
High
Mid // p it’s starting to //
Low JUST RAIN

8. (this is the best technique that could be used)
1. //r to enTICE people// r to enCOURage//
p to COME along and preSENT themselves//
2. //r to enTICE people// r to en age//
COUR
p to COME along and preSENT themselves//
COUR
3. //r to enTICE people// r to en age//
p to COME along and preSENT themselves//

9. A. // r I should think // p its time to STOP//
B. // p YES // p you’re RIGHT// p its JUST
FIVE//
B. // p YES // r+ well if THAT’S what you
THINK //p we WILL //
B. // p YES // p i aGREE// r its NO use
OVERdoing it//

10. THE TERMINATION SYSTEM
Key Termination Meaning Example
High High Expectation on the
part of the speaker of
a contrastive answer:
yes/no.
THINK LAR
A: //p do you this one ger//
YES
B: //p //
High Mid Pressure from the
speaker for a
favourable response by
the other interlocutor.
THINK
A: //p do you this ones LARGer//
P: //p YES//

11. Mid High Expectation on the part
of the speaker of a
contrastive
answer: yes/no.
LAR
A: //p do you THINK this ones ger//
YES
B: //p //
Mid Mid Pressure from the
speaker for a favourable
response by the other
interlocutor.
A: //p do you THINK this ones LARGer//
B: //p YES//
Mid Low The speaker imposes
little or
no constraint on the
next turn taker .
//r + and the QUEStion i want to PUT to
you is//p DO we NEED//p an INcome
icy//
POL

12. Low Mid Pressure from the
speaker for a
favourable response by
the other interlocutor.
A: //p do you this onesLARGer//
THINK
B //p YES//
Low Low The speaker imposes
little or no constraint
on the next turn taker
//r+ and the QUEStion i want to PUT
to you is//p DO we NEED//p an
come icy//
IN POL