1. November 8
Dendrogeomorphology
Source: Erica Bigio
2. HOW STABLE
IS THIS
MOUNTAIN SLOPE?
Source: slgwv
3. HOW OFTEN
DOES THIS
RIVER FLOOD?
Source: Nic McPhee
4. HOW FAST
CAN THIS
GLACIER MOVE?
Source: Bob Sanford
5. Source: Julian Lozos
Sudden change in ring-width and color a er the 1812 New Madrid earthquake.
6. “ A visual inspection of the increment rings will in no case
allow determination of the process that was causing
the disturbance.
”
Markus Stoffel and Michelle Bollschweiler
Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 2008
7. “ Geomorphology ma ers!
Markus Stoffel and Michelle Bollschweiler
Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 2008
”
12. Source: Munir Squires
Earthflows are downslope, viscous flows of saturated, fine-grained materials.
13. Source: darkensiva
A debris flow is a fast moving, liquefied landslide of unconsolidated, saturated debris.
14. Source: Washington State Department of Transportation
A rockfall is the downward motion of a rock involving free falling, bouncing, rolling, and sliding.
15. How do mass movements
affect the growth of trees
or the demography of forests?
28. “ Partial uprooting can cause smaller trees to form
vertical sprouts along their main stem, with the
age of the sprout indicating the date of the flood
”
that caused the change in growth habit.
Sco St. George
Tree Rings and Natural Hazards, 2010
30. Compression wood
• forms in conifers
• formed on lower side of
tree
• wider rings
• more latewood
• denser and more bri le
• tracheids are heavily
lignified
31. Tension wood
• occurs in hardwoods
• formed on the upper
side of the lean
• fewer (and smaller)
vessels
• increased production of
thick-walled fibers
• reduced amount of
lignification
32. Pinyon Demography at Sevilleta LTER, Central New Mexico
Source: Betancourt et al. (2004)
33. Age of trees growing on rockfall slope Stoffel, Schneuwly and Bollschweiler 2010
50. “ Dust accumulations measured at Jasper Lake, a
seasonally-filled reach of the glacially- fed Athabasca
River in the Canadian Rocky Mountains, are some of
”
the highest contemporary rates recorded to date.
Chris Hugenholtz and Steve Wolfe
Geomorphology, 2010
59. “ Geological evidence shows that an earthquake
a ended by a tsunami, or a series of such earthquakes,
ruptured at least 900 km of the Cascadia subduction
”
zone along the west coast of North America between
the years 1700 and 1720.
David Yamaguchi et al.
Nature, 1997
64. “ By converging on January 1700, the dates mean that
Canada and the northwestern United States are
plausibly subject to earthquakes of magnitude 9.
”
David Yamaguchi et al.
Nature, 1997
65. “ The reason that most [dendrogeomorphic] studies tend to be
relatively short is because the life expectancy of trees
growing in [dangerous locations] is comparatively brief.
”
Sco St. George
Tree Rings and Natural Hazards, 2010
66. “ Geomorphology ma ers!
Markus Stoffel and Michelle Bollschweiler
Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 2008
”
67. GEOG8280
XT C L AS S
NE
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