Linking E-Mails and Source Code Artifacts

1. Linking E-Mails and Source Code Artifacts Alberto Bacchelli, Michele Lanza REVEAL @ Faculty of Informatics University of Lugano Romain Robbes PLEIAD @ DCC University of Chile

2. Linking E-Mails and Source Code Artifacts

11. E-mails are precious for software engineering

12. 0! 2000! 4000! 6000! 8000! 10000! 12000! 14000! 16000! Jun-95! Sep-95! Dec-95! Mar-96! Jun-96! Sep-96! Dec-96! Mar-97! Jun-97! Sep-97! Dec-97! Mar-98! Jun-98! Sep-98! Dec-98! Mar-99! Jun-99! Sep-99! Dec-99! Mar-00! Jun-00! Sep-00! Dec-00! Mar-01! Jun-01! Sep-01! Dec-01! Mar-02! Jun-02! Sep-02! Dec-02! Mar-03! Jun-03! Sep-03! Dec-03! Mar-04! Jun-04! Sep-04! Dec-04! Mar-05! Jun-05! Sep-05! Dec-05! Mar-06! Jun-06! Sep-06! Dec-06! Mar-07! Jun-07! Sep-07! Dec-07! Mar-08! Jun-08! Sep-08! Dec-08! Mar-09! Jun-09! Sep-09! Dec-09! Mar-10! E-mails are the “bread and butter of project communication” - Karl Fogel, creator of the Subversion project Number of e-mails

13. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% Maintaining mental models: a study of developer work habits LaToza, Venolia, DeLine [ICSE 2006] E-mails Planned Meetings Unplanned Meetings Internal Documents Bug Database External Documents Phone Web IM Other Effectiveness Frequency of usage

14. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% Maintaining mental models: a study of developer work habits LaToza, Venolia, DeLine [ICSE 2006] E-mails Planned Meetings Unplanned Meetings Internal Documents Bug Database External Documents Phone Web IM Other Effectiveness Frequency of usage E-mails are widely used and highly effective

15. E-mails are people-centric information used to exchange knowledge

18. Recovering Traceability Links - State of the Art Vector Space Model Probabilistic Model Latent Semantic Indexing

19. Recovering Traceability Links - State of the Art Vector Space Model Probabilistic Model Latent Semantic Indexing Antoniol, Canfora, Casazza, De Lucia, Merlo TSE 2002

20. Recovering Traceability Links - State of the Art Vector Space Model Probabilistic Model Latent Semantic Indexing Marcus and Maletic ICSE 2003

21. Recovering Traceability Links Vector Space Model Latent Semantic Indexing

24. Without robust, well-designed time-tested, and, eventually well-established and accepted benchmarks, research on application of IR methods to problems in Software Engineering will not reach its full potential. - Alex Dekhtyar and Jane Huffman Hayes, ICSM 2006

25. Without benchmarks, Software Engineering will not reach its full potential.

26. Benchmarking the Link System ArgoUML Augeas Away3D Freenet Habari JMeter

27. Benchmarking the Link System Language ArgoUML Java Augeas Away3D Freenet Java Habari JMeter Java

28. Benchmarking the Link System Language ArgoUML Java Augeas C Away3D ActionScript Freenet Java Habari PHP5 JMeter Java

29. Benchmarking the Link System Language Releases ArgoUML Java 11 Augeas C 17 Away3D ActionScript 9 Freenet Java 30 Habari PHP5 12 JMeter Java 20

30. Benchmarking the Link System Language Releases Entities ArgoUML Java 11 18,252 Augeas C 17 8,042 Away3D ActionScript 9 2,351 Freenet Java 30 37,878 Habari PHP5 12 1,105 JMeter Java 20 11,105

31. Benchmarking the Link System Language Releases Entities E-Mails ArgoUML Java 11 18,252 355 Augeas C 17 8,042 281 Away3D ActionScript 9 2,351 370 Freenet Java 30 37,878 379 Habari PHP5 12 1,105 374 JMeter Java 20 11,105 380

32. Benchmarking the Link System Language Releases Entities E-Mails ArgoUML Java 11 18,252 355 Augeas C 17 8,042 281 Away3D ActionScript 9 2,351 370 Freenet Java 30 37,878 379 Habari PHP5 12 1,105 374 JMeter Java 20 11,105 380

33. The Miler Web Application

34. The Miler Web Application

35. The Miler Web Application release history

42. System Language Releases Entities E-Mails ArgoUML Java 11 18,252 355 Augeas C 17 8,042 281 Away3D ActionScript 9 2,351 370 Freenet Java 30 37,878 379 Habari PHP5 12 1,105 374 JMeter Java 20 11,105 380 Benchmarking the Link

45. System Language Releases Entities E-Mails ArgoUML Java 11 18,252 355 Augeas C 17 8,042 281 Away3D ActionScript 9 2,351 370 Freenet Java 30 37,878 379 Habari PHP5 12 1,105 374 JMeter Java 20 11,105 380 Benchmarking the Link http://miler.inf.usi.ch

46. Vector Space Model

47. Vector Space Model D1 D2 D3 ... DN t1 t2 ... tC 0 1 2 0 0 0 1 4 1 2 0 0

53. Vector Space Model E1 E2 E3 ... EN t1 t2 ... tC 0 1 2 0 0 0 1 4 1 2 0 0

54. Vector Space Model E1 E2 E3 ... EN t1 t2 ... tC 0 1 2 0 0 0 1 4 1 2 0 0 term frequency

55. Vector Space Model E1 E2 E3 ... EN t1 t2 ... tC 0 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.01 0.5 0.02 0.4 0 0 term frequency

56. Vector Space Model E1 E2 E3 ... EN t1 t2 ... tC 0 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.01 0.5 0.02 0.4 0 0 term frequency inverse document frequency

57. Vector Space Model term frequency inverse document frequency E1 E2 E3 ... EN t1 t2 ... tC 0 0.01 0.01 0 0 0 0.01 0.5 0.02 0.4 0 0

58. Vector Space Model E1 E2 E3 ... EN Q t1 t2 ... tC 0 0.01 0.01 0 0 0 0 0.01 0.5 0.2 0.02 0.4 0 0 0.01

59. E1 E2 E3 ... EN Q t1 t2 ... tC 0 0.01 0.01 0 0 0 0 0.01 0.5 0.2 0.02 0.4 0 0 0.01 Vector Space Model

60. E1 E2 E3 ... EN Q t1 t2 ... tC 0 0.01 0.01 0 0 0 0 0.01 0.5 0.2 0.02 0.4 0 0 0.01 Vector Space Model E1

63. E1 E2 E3 ... EN Q t1 t2 ... tC 0 0.01 0.01 0 0 0 0 0.01 0.5 0.2 0.02 0.4 0 0 0.01 Vector Space Model E1 E3 E7

64. VSM on JMeter - Choosing query type and threshold entire content classname&package classname F-Measure Threshold

65. VSM on JMeter - Choosing query type and threshold entire content classname&package classname F-Measure Threshold0.01 0.11 0.21 0.31 0.41 0.51 0.61 0.71 0.81 0.91 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4

68. VSM on JMeter - Best conﬁguration results 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.01 0.11 0.21 0.31 0.41 0.51 0.61 0.71 0.81 0.91 precision recall f-measure Threshold

69. VSM - Best conﬁguration results ArgoUML Freenet JMeter Away3D Habari Augeas Threshold F-Measure 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.01 0.11 0.21 0.31 0.41 0.51 0.61 0.71 0.81 0.91

70. VSM - Best conﬁguration results ArgoUML Freenet JMeter Away3D Habari Augeas Threshold F-Measure 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.01 0.11 0.21 0.31 0.41 0.51 0.61 0.71 0.81 0.91

71. Latent Semantic Indexing

72. Latent Semantic Indexing ‣ Synonymy

73. Latent Semantic Indexing ‣ Synonymy NSUML NSUMLModelFacade

74. Latent Semantic Indexing ‣ Synonymy NSUML NSUMLModelFacade=

75. Latent Semantic Indexing ‣ Synonymy NSUML NSUMLModelFacade ‣ Polysemy =

76. Latent Semantic Indexing ‣ Synonymy NSUML NSUMLModelFacade ‣ Polysemy dialog Dialog =

77. Latent Semantic Indexing ‣ Synonymy NSUML NSUMLModelFacade ‣ Polysemy dialog Dialog = =

78. Latent Semantic Indexing E1 E2 ... EN t1 t2 ... tC 0 1 0 0 0 4 1 2 0

79. Latent Semantic Indexing E1 E2 ... EN t1 t2 ... tC 0 1 0 0 0 4 1 2 0 Single Value Decomposition

80. E1 E2 ... EN tpc1 tpc2 ... tpcK 0 0.02 0 0 0 0.4 0.1 0.2 0 Latent Semantic Indexing E1 E2 ... EN t1 t2 ... tC 0 1 0 0 0 4 1 2 0 Single Value Decomposition

83. LSI - Choosing the number of topics and query type entire content classname&package classname F-Measure Number of topics

84. 10 30 50 70 90 110 130 150 170 190 210 230 250 270 290 310 330 350 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 LSI - Choosing the number of topics and query type entire content classname&package classname F-Measure Number of topics

87. LSI on JMeter - Best conﬁguration results 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.01 0.11 0.21 0.31 0.41 0.51 0.61 0.71 0.81 0.91 precision recall f-measure Threshold

88. 0 0.15 0.30 0.45 0.60 0.01 0.11 0.21 0.31 0.41 0.51 0.61 0.71 0.81 0.91 LSI - Best conﬁguration results ArgoUML Freenet JMeter Away3D Habari Augeas Threshold F-Measure

89. 0 0.15 0.30 0.45 0.60 0.01 0.11 0.21 0.31 0.41 0.51 0.61 0.71 0.81 0.91 LSI - Best conﬁguration results ArgoUML Freenet JMeter Away3D Habari Augeas Threshold F-Measure

90. What replaces PluggableImport and Generator2? (and other language module questions) Tom Morris tfmo...@gmail.com September 23, 2006 - 13:12:51 We're trying to implement support in ArgoEclipse for reverse engineering which means that we need to deal with the PluggableImport interface. It doesn't really make sense to modify that interface because it is deprecated, but I can't ﬁgure o u t w h a t r e p l a c e s i t . Th e c o m m e n t s s ay t o r e g i s t e r w i t h org.argouml.uml.reveng.Import but that class has no registration method. Additionally, it itself depends on the deprecated PluggableImport interface. On the code generation side of things, Generator2 has been deprecated in favor of CodeGenerator, but they don't appear to have equivalent functionality, so I don't understand how this is meant to work. Are there examples of modules which have been converted to the new structure? Is there a design discussion somewhere which describes how to convert old style modules to new style modules? Who's working on this stuff? I'm happy to help if I can get an idea of what the design direction is. Tom

91. What replaces PluggableImport and Generator2? (and other language module questions) Tom Morris tfmo...@gmail.com September 23, 2006 - 13:12:51 We're trying to implement support in ArgoEclipse for reverse engineering which means that we need to deal with the PluggableImport interface. It doesn't really make sense to modify that interface because it is deprecated, but I can't ﬁgure o u t w h a t r e p l a c e s i t . Th e c o m m e n t s s ay t o r e g i s t e r w i t h org.argouml.uml.reveng.Import but that class has no registration method. Additionally, it itself depends on the deprecated PluggableImport interface. On the code generation side of things, Generator2 has been deprecated in favor of CodeGenerator, but they don't appear to have equivalent functionality, so I don't understand how this is meant to work. Are there examples of modules which have been converted to the new structure? Is there a design discussion somewhere which describes how to convert old style modules to new style modules? Who's working on this stuff? I'm happy to help if I can get an idea of what the design direction is. Tom

92. Text Matching

93. Text Matching Entity Name

94. Text Matching Entity Name dictionary word?

95. dictionary word? Text Matching Entity Name no

96. Text Matching Entity Name no Name case sensitive dictionary word?

97. dictionary word? Text Matching Entity Name Name case sensitive yes Regular Expression no

98. dictionary word? Text Matching Entity Name Name case sensitive Regular Expression no yes

99. Text Matching - Regular Expression

100. Classname Text Matching - Regular Expression

101. . / space Classname Text Matching - Regular Expression

102. . / space Classname space Text Matching - Regular Expression

103. . / space Classname . / space Text Matching - Regular Expression

104. . / space Classname . / space Text Matching - Regular Expression java class as php c

105. . / space Classname . / space package Text Matching - Regular Expression java class as php c

106. . / space Classname . / space . / space package Text Matching - Regular Expression java class as php c

107. dictionary word? Text Matching Entity Name Name case sensitive Regular Expression yesno

108. Text Matching dictionary word?

109. Text Matching Dialog DialogTree dictionary word?

110. dictionary word? Text Matching Entity Name Name case sensitive Regular Expression yesno

111. CamelCase? Text Matching Entity Name Name case sensitive Regular Expression noyes

112. Text Matching 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8

113. Recall Text Matching 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8

114. Precision Recall Text Matching 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8

115. Text Matching 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 P R Precision Recall F ArgoUML Freenet JMeter Away3D Habari Augeas 0.61 0.64 0.63 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.65 0.62 0.41 0.72 0.52 0.49 0.38 0.43 0.15 0.64 0.24

116. Text Matching 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 P R Precision Recall F ArgoUML Freenet JMeter Away3D Habari Augeas 0.61 0.64 0.63 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.65 0.62 0.41 0.72 0.52 0.49 0.38 0.43 0.15 0.64 0.24 Java

117. Text Matching 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 Precision Recall F ArgoUML Freenet JMeter Away3D Habari Augeas 0.61 0.64 0.63 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.65 0.62 0.41 0.72 0.52 0.49 0.38 0.43 0.15 0.64 0.24 P R

118. Text Matching 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 Precision Recall F ArgoUML Freenet JMeter Away3D Habari Augeas 0.61 0.64 0.63 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.65 0.62 0.41 0.72 0.52 0.49 0.38 0.43 0.15 0.64 0.24 ActionScript P R

120. Text Matching 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 Precision Recall F ArgoUML Freenet JMeter Away3D Habari Augeas 0.61 0.64 0.63 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.65 0.62 0.41 0.72 0.52 0.49 0.38 0.43 0.15 0.64 0.24 PHP5 P R

122. Text Matching 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 Precision Recall F ArgoUML Freenet JMeter Away3D Habari Augeas 0.61 0.64 0.63 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.65 0.62 0.41 0.72 0.52 0.49 0.38 0.43 0.15 0.64 0.24 C P R

123. Precision Recall Overall results

124. Precision Recall Overall results 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 Freenet

125. 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 Freenet Overall results VSM Text MatchingLSI Precision Recall

126. VSM Text MatchingLSI 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 ArgoUML 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 JMeter 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 Away3D 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 Habari 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 Augeas 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 Freenet

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