Knowing the Unknown God by Andrew McCaskill

by Andrew McCaskill

~1~

Knowing the Unknown God
English (1st Printing) PDF (online version)

Creation Education Ministries of Thailand
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www.creationthai.org

© 2011 by Andrew McCaskill. All rights reserved. The author grants the free distribution of this
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Cover illustration by Raffaello Sanzio (1483–1520), St Paul Preaching in Athens (Royal
Collection of the United Kingdom) Public Domain Image: This is a faithful photographic
reproduction of an original two-dimensional work of art. Accessed from
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:V%26A_-
_Raphael,_St_Paul_Preaching_in_Athens_(1515).jpg#file

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All scripture quotations, unless otherwise indicated, are
taken from the Holy Bible, New International Version®,
NIV®.
Copyright ©1973, 1978, 1984 by Biblica, Inc.™
Used by permission of Zondervan. All rights reserved
worldwide.
www.zondervan.com

~2~

Dedication

I dedicate this book to the students at International Community
School in Bangkok and to the many other students in high schools
and universities throughout Thailand in which I have had the
privilege of presenting these topics in person. I also dedicate this
book to the many Thais who have helped me in translation efforts.
Mostly, I dedicate this book to my wife and family who have
shared with me the adventure of Knowing the Unknown God.

~3~

We hope you will
enjoy this FREE ebook,
Knowing the Unknown God
by Andrew McCaskill.

It is our pleasure to share it with you.
If you would like to purchase a souvenir copy of the
paperback book or would like to send one as a gift,
please visit www.creationthai.org for more information.

~4~

Table of Contents

Introduction……………………………………..7
Chapter 1 - The God of the Bible……………………12
Chapter 2 -The God of Logic………………………26
Chapter 3-The God of Creation……………………..52
Chapter 4 -The God of Man………………………89
Chapter 5 -The God of the Nations………………….103
Chapter 6 -The God of Salvation……………………128
Chapter 7 -Knowing the Unknown God……………...150

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Introduction

“TO AN UNKNOWN GOD” read the altar. Around two-thousand
years ago a man named Paul stared at an unusual idol in the city of
Athens. This idol was amidst other idols and was not terribly
different except for its strange inscription. Why was there an altar
to an unknown god? Athens was a very religious city in Paul‟s day.
The people of that city were held captive to the many gods they
feared. In fact, they were afraid that they had forgotten to worship
a certain god. Knowing that any god who was left out of their
worship would likely be jealous, mad, bitter, and vengeful, they
decided to make one altar “TO AN UNKNOWN GOD” in order to
appease any forgotten god.

You might, like the people of Athens, be unsure whether God (or
many gods) exists, and so, just like the Athenians, you attempt to
appease whatever god might exist.

Or, you might be very religious like the Athenians and worship
your god to the exclusion of all other gods.

Even so, some of you might insist that no god exists and therefore
you feel free to live like you are your own god.

To those who are confident that god (or multiple gods) does exist,
this book will challenge your concept of God and in the end you
will have a greater understanding of who God is and how you can
know Him to a greater degree.
~7~

To those who are not sure if God exists or are convinced that there
is no God, this book will challenge your belief at its very core.
After reading this book, I believe that you will no longer be able to
claim the non-existence of God. I also believe that you will
conclude that any alternate view of reality (i.e. the Theory of
Evolution) is inadequate to account for the existence of the
universe and life.

It is the purpose of this book to present a compelling case for the
existence of God. I KNOW beyond any doubt that God exists and
I am confident that I know WHO God is. Just as Paul did in Athens
so many years ago, I will attempt to introduce you to the
“Unknown God” (and therefore make the “Unknown God” the
“Known God”).

I invite you to read the entirety of this book and consider every
point that is made. If you are a thinking person - one who seeks
wisdom - then this book is a must read. If you are curious and
scientifically minded, you will not be able to ignore the claims
made in this book. The Athenians questioned every new theory and
I invite you to also question my findings as well.

I have divided this book into seven chapters. These chapters are
briefly outlined below.

Chapter 1 will identify the “Unknown God”, “for surely there is
no sense in talking about the existence of God, without knowing
what kind of God it is who may or may not exist.”1

~8~

Chapter 2 will present the God of Logic. Only with a concept of
God can anyone think logically. Those who claim that there is no
God are thinking illogically.

Chapter 3 will present the God of Creation. Only God as the
Grand Cause can explain the presence of our universe. A universe
without God is impossible.

Chapter 4 will present the God of Man. Humans are reflections of
God and we can know a lot about God from our own character.
Unfortunately, humans are also separated from God because of our
sin.

Chapter 5 will present the God of the Nations. God is the God of
every nation, people, and language.

Chapter 6 will present the God of Salvation. God‟s purpose has
always been to restore a lost relationship with humans. God has
provided a way to restore a relationship with Him and have
salvation.

Chapter 7 will present the “Unknown God” as the “Known God”.
God is not far from us and is evident to us in the most obvious
ways.

I encourage you to read this book in the order of the chapters. If
you begin at a later chapter, or if you skip from chapter to chapter,
you will miss key points that were made in earlier chapters.

Let‟s begin our journey to discover the “Unknown God”!
~9~

Reference:

1
Van Til, Cornelius. Christian Apologetics. Phillipsburg: P & R Publishing
Company, 2003.

~ 10 ~

“I am the Alpha and the Omega,”
says the Lord God, “who is, and
who was, and who is to come, the
Almighty.” Revelation 1:8

~ 11 ~

Chapter 1

The God of the Bible

The Bible might be called “God's Book” because it makes some
incredible statements about who God is, what He is like, and how
we can relate to Him. The Bible also makes some incredible
statements about who we are as well. Anyone searching for truth
about their own existence, or about the purpose of life, should not
dare ignore the words contained within the pages of the Bible.
These words reveal to us the identity of God, who is beyond our
own comprehension (Isaiah 40:28).

Upon reading the Bible one quickly realizes that the words are
both biographical and autobiographical at the same time. That is,
the words of the Bible reveal God's own description of Himself,
channeled through people who were compelled to write about His
majesty, power, and love. Many people believe that the Bible is a
book of rules and regulations only, “but in fact the Bible is first of
all a book about God. It tells us all we need to know, and all we
~ 12 ~

shall ever need to know, about God: who He is, what He is like,
what He does and, of course, how we can know Him.”1 We can
correctly summarize that the Bible is a unique presentation of
God's own story played out in the hearts and minds of humanity.

The Bible, however, is much more than a collection of wonderful
stories. Every story throughout the sixty-six individual books of
the Bible tells a larger story. The whole Bible paints a picture of a
loving Creator who is determined to win back the people He
created from the tragic error of their own rebellious decision. In
order to win them back He chooses to enter His own creation
(Jesus) and do for them what they could not do for themselves.
The Bible is above all a love story and we are the objects of God's
affection. So, in this sense, our biographies are written into the
Biblical story also.

The Bible is no fairy-tell with a fictitious plot, rather, the Bible
presents itself as absolute truth. In Psalm 119 alone, 171 of the 176
verses speak of the Bible and its power, might, and accuracy. Of
key interest in this discussion is verse 160 that says, All your words
are true; all your righteous laws are eternal. Several verses earlier
it states in similar fashion, Your righteousness is everlasting and
your law is true (142). Verse 151 of the same chapter repeats the
claim, Yet you are near, LORD, and all your commands are true.
We see three references here (words, law, commands) but each
signifies the same thing; the Bible (or Word of God) is true. Psalm
119 is a critical chapter because it validates itself as a source of
Truth. Some may call this circular reasoning but God must reveal
Himself to us or we would know nothing of His character. God,
therefore, chose to reveal His words as truth (autobiographical)
~ 13 ~

through the written word of human authors (biographical). There is
no one higher or more powerful who can speak on God's behalf, so
He must reveal His own character to us. Couple the verses above
with Proverbs 30:5, which states, Every word of God is flawless;
he is a shield to those who take refuge in him. Do not add to his
words, or he will rebuke you and prove you a liar. In this verse we
are commanded to never alter the Bible. This must mean, of
course, that God's words are true and sacred, never to be changed
from their original meaning by either adding or subtracting from
them. They are flawless. When God speaks, His words are true
and without any error. Therefore, the internal evidence of the
Bible itself proves that the Bible is absolutely true in every way.
If, hypothetically, any words in the Bible were false, then,
according to this verse, God would be forced to rebuke Himself as
a liar. But this is impossible, which leaves us with only one
conclusion; God is Truth and His words are Truth.

If this were not enough, we also have the words of Jesus Himself.
In the book of John we are presented with a remarkable passage, In
the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the
Word was God (1:1). Here, Jesus is the very expression of God in
human form, the Word of God. Further in the book of John (14:6)
we read, I am the way and the truth and the life. No one comes to
the Father except through me. Jesus is here claiming that He is
absolute Truth and the only way to God. So, these two verses
confirm yet again that God's Word is accurate and one-hundred
percent true. The Bible is connecting the Truth (Jesus), the Word
(the Bible, expressed through Jesus), and God as one entity. The
Bible is therefore, God's Truthful Words expressed by and through
Jesus Christ. There are other internal evidences also. The Bible's
~ 14 ~

unity2, fulfilled prophesies, and power to change individual lives
points to its Truth and accuracy.

As seen above, the internal evidence of the Bible is sufficient
enough to prove that the Bible is absolutely true, but there is also
external evidence that suggests the same. The Bible is historically
and archaeologically accurate. The Bible is also confirmed in its
human authors, who were even martyred for their conviction of its
truthfulness. The Bible speaks of changed lives, which can be just
as strong evidence as scores of other evidences. Lastly, the Bible's
endurance and indestructibility is also evidence for its truthfulness.
Many have tried to destroy the Bible and to free the world of its
teaching, but it has withstood every attack placed upon it, and in
the end, those who have tried to destroy it have only proven that it
is what they were hoping it was not; absolute Truth. Concerning
the Bible's indestructibility, Jesus states the matter this way,
Heaven and earth will pass away, but my words will never pass
away (Mark 13:31).

The Bible leaves no doubt that its author is God Himself. As we
have already read in Proverbs 30, Every word of God is flawless
(5-6). We also read in the book of 2 Timothy, All Scripture is
God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and
training in righteousness... (3:16). God is certainly the author of
the Bible even though it was written by human hands2.

Since the Bible presents itself as absolute Truth and the author of
those words is God Himself, then simple logic tells us that God
must be absolute Truth as well. This stems from the fact that if the
Bible communicates Truth, then the author of the Bible could be no
~ 15 ~

less than its product. The scientific principle of causality (cause-
and-effect) proves this to be the case (see chapter 2, The God of
Logic). Any effect (the Bible in this case) is never greater than its
cause (God). God must be Truth if the Bible is Truth, since the
Bible is the product of God Himself. Therefore, the words of the
Bible are God's true words, both revealing who God is and who we
are. God doesn't lie, so His words can be trusted. In the book of
Samuel this simple logic is confirmed, He who is the Glory of
Israel does not lie or change his mind; for he is not a human being,
that he should change his mind (1 Samuel 15:29).

In the end, how can we know who God is? The Bible reveals Him
to us and we can trust that the Bible accurately speaks of His
character. Since the Bible is God's words about Himself, He would
never misrepresent Himself. We can know for certain who God is
and what He is like by reading the Bible. If you have ever
wondered if there is a God and what God is like, the answer is
found in the Bible alone, because He chose the Bible to be His
story.

The Characteristics below describe God's character.

1. God is the Creator of all material, biological, and spiritual things. In the
beginning God created the heavens and the earth (Genesis
1:1). There was nothing prior to God. God created matter,
space, and time ex nihilo (out of nothing). God, however, is
separate from His creation and is not contained within the
dimensions of His own creation nor limited by them. (See
chapter 3 for more explanation of God as the Creator.)
~ 16 ~

2. God is Eternal. Before the mountains were born or you
brought forth the whole world, from everlasting to everlasting
you are God (Psalm 90:2). This means that God had no
beginning, nor will he have an end. God has always been in
existence and will forever be. No one created God. He is an
eternal being, separate from time itself, which He created. God
will never cease to exist, nor be annihilated, nor is He
contained within a cycle of events.

3. God is Unchanging. God is not human, that he should lie, not
a human being, that he should change his mind. Does he speak
and then not act? Does he promise and not fulfill? (Numbers
23:19) God is not like man. He does not lie, nor does He
change his mind. God does not become other forms3 or
change in nature. Man cannot become God. Of Jesus it is said,
He is the same today, yesterday, and forever (Hebrews 13:8).

4. God is Incomparable. How great you are, Sovereign LORD!
There is no one like you, and there is no God but you, as we
have heard with our own ears (2 Samuel 7:22); Among the
gods there is none like you, Lord; no deeds can compare with
yours (Psalm 86:8). There is but one God. No other god
(man-made or imagined) is equal to the God of the Bible. The
God of the Bible is the only true God.

5. God is Indescribable. Do you not know? Have you not heard?
The LORD is the everlasting God, the Creator of the ends of
the earth. He will not grow tired or weary, and his
~ 17 ~

understanding no one can fathom (Isaiah 40:28). We will
never be able to fully understand God. He is beyond our own
comprehension. This does not mean that He is unknowable.
We can know God's character by reading the Bible.

6. God is Fair. As for God, his way is perfect: The LORD‟s
word is flawless; he shields all who take refuge in him (Psalm
18:30). God is a just ruler. He treats everyone fairly.
Unfortunately, we are all sinners and have rejected God
(Romans 3:23) and so our rejection of Him justifies our
condemnation. Amazingly, God provides us grace through
Jesus Christ, which we do not deserve. (See God is Gracious
below.)

7. God is All-Powerful (Omnipotent). Ah, Sovereign LORD, you
have made the heavens and the earth by your great power and
outstretched arm. Nothing is too hard for you (Jeremiah
32:17). There is absolutely nothing that God cannot do. No
other spiritual force can alter God's plan. All material,
biological, and spiritual entities are under His control. God's
power is always used in a way that is consistent with His
character.

8. God is everywhere (Omnipresent). Where can I go from your
Spirit? Where can I flee from your presence? If I go up to the
heavens, you are there; if I make my bed in the depths, you are
there. If I rise on the wings of the dawn, if I settle on the far
side of the sea, even there your hand will guide me, your right
hand will hold me fast. If I say, “Surely the darkness will hide
~ 18 ~

me and the light become night around me,” even the darkness
will not be dark to you; the night will shine like the day, for
darkness is as light to you. For you created my inmost being;
you knit me together in my mother‟s womb (Psalm 139: 7-13).
You cannot hide from God. He is everywhere at once. God is
not limited by time, physical location, or material body. You
cannot keep God in a box, in a house, or in a temple. God is
Spirit and is free to come and go as He chooses. However,
this does not mean that God is in everything or occupies
everything. Nor does it mean that everything is God. The
God who made the world and everything in it is the Lord of
heaven and earth and does not live in temples built by human
hands. And he is not served by human hands, as if he needed
anything. Rather, he himself gives everyone life and breath
and everything else. From one man he made all the nations,
that they should inhabit the whole earth; and he marked out
their appointed times in history and the boundaries of their
lands. God did this so that they would seek him and perhaps
reach out for him and find him, though he is not far from any
one of us (Acts 17:24-27).

9. God is All-Knowing (Omniscient). You have searched me,
LORD, and you know me. You know when I sit and when I
rise; you perceive my thoughts from afar. You discern my
going out and my lying down; you are familiar with all my
ways. Before a word is on my tongue you, LORD, know it
completely. You hem me in behind and before, and you lay
your hand upon me (Psalm 139: 1-5). Only God knows
everything. He knows the past, the present, and the future.
~ 19 ~

Because God is All-Knowing, He is completely fair (as we
have already discussed).

10. God is Righteous. But now apart from the law the
righteousness of God has been made known, to which the Law
and the Prophets testify. This righteousness is given through
faith in Jesus Christ to all who believe. There is no difference
between Jew and Gentile, for all have sinned and fall short of
the glory of God, and all are justified freely by his grace
through the redemption that came by Christ Jesus. God
presented Christ as a sacrifice of atonement, through the
shedding of his blood—to be received by faith. He did this to
demonstrate his righteousness, because in his forbearance he
had left the sins committed beforehand unpunished— he did it
to demonstrate his righteousness at the present time, so as to
be just and the one who justifies those who have faith in Jesus
(Romans 3:21-26). Righteousness in simple terms means that
God always does what is right and true according to His own
nature. For example, it was right to punish humanity for
sinning against Himself since our sin is a rejection of God's
righteousness. If God ignored sin and didn't punish those who
sin, He would no longer be righteous.

11. God is Sovereign. The LORD reigns, he is robed in majesty;
the LORD is robed in majesty and armed with strength;
indeed, the world is established, firm and secure (Psalm 93:1).
God has complete reign and rule. No power (of man or of
spiritual beings) is higher than God's power. His decisions
~ 20 ~

and actions cannot be altered nor changed by man. Yours,
LORD, is the greatness and the power and the glory and the
majesty and the splendor, for everything in heaven and earth is
yours. Yours, LORD, is the kingdom; you are exalted as head
over all (1 Chronicles 29:11).

12. God is Spirit. God is spirit, and his worshipers must
worship in the Spirit and in truth (John 4:24). God is
invisible. He cannot completely be understood or perceived by
man. This is why God must reveal Himself through the Bible
(Truth). Otherwise, we would never be able to know God at
all. The Spirit is one member of the Trinity.3

13. God is Truth. He who is the Glory of Israel does not lie or
change his mind; for he is not a human being, that he should
change his mind (1 Samuel 15:29). As has previously been
determined, God is Truth. He cannot lie, ever! His Son, Jesus
Christ, is the only way to know God and receive Salvation.
This is because Jesus ...is the Way, the Truth, and the Life
(John 14:6).

14. God is Holy. Holy, holy, holy is the LORD Almighty; the
whole earth is full of his glory (Isaiah 6:3); Your eyes are too
pure to look on evil; you cannot tolerate wrongdoing....
(Habakkuk 1:13). God is separated from humanity. He is
different. God cannot tolerate sin and evil because it is
contrary to His holiness and righteousness. God's holiness and
our sinfulness have created a chasm between God and man,
but God's graciousness through Jesus has united God and man
~ 21 ~

once again.

15. God is Gracious. And he passed in front of Moses,
proclaiming, “The LORD, the LORD, the compassionate and
gracious God, slow to anger, abounding in love and
faithfulness (Exodus 34:6). God gives us grace, which is
undeserved favor. We deserve death because of our sinfulness,
but God gives us life through Jesus Christ alone.

16. God is Love .God is love... (1 John 4:16); neither height nor
depth, nor anything else in all creation, will be able to
separate us from the love of God that is in Christ Jesus our
Lord (Romans 8:39); But because of his great love for us,
God, who is rich in mercy, made us alive with Christ even
when we were dead in transgressions—it is by grace you have
been saved (Ephesians 2:4-5). God loves each one of us. His
greatest love act was to send His Son, Christ Jesus, to save us
from our sinful rebellion. God's love through Jesus is a gift
that is given to all, but each individual must receive it through
personal acknowledgement of Jesus Christ as Lord of their
lives. God is love and He is grace, but He is also fair, which
means that those who reject God's love and grace will be
eternally separated from Him (Hell) after they die.

Although, we will never completely understand God (remember
He is indescribable) we gain a greater understanding of who He is
by reading the Bible. God will continually reveal Himself to
anyone who seeks to know Him with a pure heart. We are
~ 22 ~

promised this in the book of Jeremiah; You will seek me and find
me when you seek me with all your heart (Jeremiah 29:13). “As
we read through Scripture and see God's character, we begin to
understand His absolute authority and the authority of His Word...
He is the starting point of biblical authority because He is the only
limitless One and the only One who has always been, with full
control of past, present, and future.”4

References and Notes:

1 Edwards, Brian H. Nothing But The Truth. Webster: Evangelical Press, 2007.

2 “One of the first internal evidences that the Bible is truly God‟s Word is seen in its
unity. Even though it is really sixty-six individual books, written on three
continents, in three different languages, over a period of approximately 1500 years,
by more than 40 authors who came from many walks of life, the Bible remains one
unified book from beginning to end without contradiction. This unity is unique from
all other books and is evidence of the divine origin of the words which God moved
men to record.”

(Got Answers Ministries. “Attributes of God.” February, 6th 2011:
http://www.gotquestions.org/attributes-God.html)

3 “The most difficult thing about the Christian concept of the Trinity is that there is
no way to perfectly and completely understand it. The Trinity is a concept that is
impossible for any human being to fully understand, let alone explain. God is
infinitely greater than we are; therefore, we should not expect to be able to fully
understand Him. The Bible teaches that the Father is God, that Jesus is God, and
that the Holy Spirit is God. The Bible also teaches that there is only one God.
Though we can understand some facts about the relationship of the different
Persons of the Trinity to one another, ultimately, it is incomprehensible to the
human mind. However, this does not mean the Trinity is not true or that it is not
based on the teachings of the Bible.....The Trinity is one God existing in three
~ 23 ~

Persons. Understand that this is not in any way suggesting three Gods.” (Got
Answers Ministries. “What does the Bible teach about the Trinity.” February, 20th
2011:http://www.gotquestions.org/Trinity-Bible.html)

4 Ham, Steve. “It All Starts With God's Character.” Answers Magazine Jan.-Mar.
2011 pg. 81.

~ 24 ~

It is undeniable that there is neither truth, meaning, nor
purpose without an intelligent Creator who, for His own
reasons, made the universe and each of us in His Image. Yet
the world of academia largely rejects this inescapable fact.
Professors and students claim to be on a quest for truth while
denying that it exists or that anyone could identify it if it did.
Such is the nihilistic atmosphere in major universities around
the world. It is considered to be too dogmatic for anyone to
claim that truth can be known. Then what is the point of
research and study, if all we can achieve is a listing of differing
opinions, none of which can be declared to be either right or
wrong.”
Dave Hunt, Seeking & Finding God, pp.47-48. .

~ 25 ~

Chapter 2

The God of Logic

Is Logic Absolute?

Do you believe in logic? You might think this is a strange question
to ask in a book about the identity of God, but I believe that this is
an important place to begin our attempt to know who God is and
what He is like. We have already identified many attributes of
God's character in the first chapter. There is, however, another
characteristic of God identified in the Bible that has not been
mentioned yet. God is the God of logic. In simple terms, this
means that God is the mind behind all things and that He created
these things to function in predictable ways that can be understood
by man.

If logic is from God it must reflect the character and mind of God.
God is infinite and omniscient, so therefore, we would expect logic
to be absolute; the same for any human, anywhere, and at any time.
Otherwise, logic would change as the wind blows or as the tides
~ 26 ~

fluctuate, and we would never have the ability to trust our own
knowledge. If this were the case, what was true one moment might
not be true the next moment. But since God's character is
consistent and unchanging, so are the fixed laws that are
expressions of His mind. His laws are absolute and therefore, logic
is possible. This is why we can understand the world around us.
Later in this chapter we will discuss some of these absolute laws
(Law of Non-Contradiction and the Law of Causality) that are
expressions of God's character.

Do you believe that this world operates by fixed laws? Scientific
investigations and mathematical processes require fixed laws that
are predictable and can be applied anywhere in the world, with
identical results. In fact, every day we use simple logic to answer
basic questions such as, “Why did this happen?” or “What caused
this?” The truth is, we all believe in, and know intuitively, that
logic exists, whether we want to admit it or not. The use of logic is
the most fundamental and basic level of human knowledge.

Notice again that the opening question is phrased do you believe in
logic?, not, do you think logic exists? There is a critical difference
between believing and thinking. Thinking is a mechanical process
(electrical impulses bouncing around the neurons of the brain)
which requires logical deductions to determine its own validity.
There would be little true thought (arguably none) without the laws
of logic firmly in place. Therefore, thought is dependent upon
logic. Anyone trying to prove that logic exists quickly realizes that
logic is automatically proven the moment the attempt is made to
prove its validity. So, in the end, we believe in logic because
thought is impossible without it. This may seem to be circular
~ 27 ~

reasoning (which in itself is only understood in the light of logic)
but logic turns out to be its own best witness.

Logic Needs a Belief System

In order to be logical at all, one must have a framework of belief.
Logic is a matter of belief not just methodological thought
processes. Let us return to the questions posed in the third
paragraph, “Why did this happen?” and “What caused this?” It is
impossible to answer these questions without belief in established
laws. For example, when I ask the question, Why did this
happen?, I automatically use laws of causality to trace the effect
back to an original cause. I believe that all effects are a result of a
cause and that I can come to a true understanding of what that
cause might be. Most causes can neither be seen nor observed,
and therefore, cannot be scientifically verified, but we believe in
them anyway, and thus, we believe in the very laws of logic
themselves.

Worldviews and Presuppositions

In the day to day affairs of life we use logic to determine whether
something is true or false, valid or invalid, right or wrong, and we
can do this effectively because of our personal beliefs which make
logic possible. In order to help us interpret events, all of us have
accepted a framework of belief, and this is what allows our logic to
make sense of unknowable events. Because our knowledge is
limited we must have a starting point (framework of belief) that all
information is interpreted upon.
~ 28 ~

Figure 2:1 Each of us knows a very small portion of the total available
knowledge that could be known. Only God is All-Knowing. Therefore, in our
attempt to make sense of unknown information we must begin with a bias or
presupposition. (See Figure 2:1 in the notes and references section.)

This framework of belief is often called a worldview. A worldview
can be described as a belief that governs the way we interpret
evidence and which also allows us to make sense of the world
around us. Worldviews are composed of individual presuppositions
or personal biases. These presuppositions are established early in
our lives and are often difficult to change. Our presuppositions
determine the way we interpret evidence, not the reverse.
Evidence never speaks for itself, it is neutral, and we must interpret
it according to a framework of belief.1

~ 29 ~

Figure 2:2 Notice that both an evolutionist and a Creationist have the same
evidence and use the same laws of logic, the difference is their starting points
(presuppositions) and their ending points (interpretations). Our biases, along
with the laws of logic, allow us to interpret data and make sense of it.
Although the laws of logic are the same for everyone, personal biases are not.
This is why two people can look at the same evidence and come to two entirely
different interpretations of the evidence. None of us are neutral and we use
our biases as a framework of interpretation for all unknown information. So,
not only must we believe that logic exists; we must also believe that our own
biases are true. However, if personal biases are incorrect then the resulting
interpretations will be incorrect. Therefore, it is important to have a correct
bias in order to have a correct interpretation.

~ 30 ~

Figure 2:3 For any one piece of evidence many different interpretations exist,
therefore, we filter other people's interpretations before we accept them. Notice
that if the interpretation agrees with our worldview, it is accepted, however, if the
interpretation disagrees with our worldview it is rejected. This is the manner in
which each of us filters interpretations before we accept or deny them.

What Mean Ye These Stones (Fossils)?

Let's consider some evidence to show how presuppositions govern
the way evidence is interpreted. At many locations around the
world we find “fossil graveyards”. These are areas with hundreds
or even thousands of individual organisms that have all been
fossilized together in one location. Often these fossils represent
~ 31 ~

organisms that did not live together in the same ecological
location. Because an evolutionist's presupposition denies the
existence of God and the truthfulness of the Bible, he must account
for these unusual fossil formations by natural processes alone.
Therefore, the typical story of fossil formation according to an
evolutionist begins with an organism's death. The organism is then
covered by water-laden sediment and through a slow process and
the right amount of pressure; the cells of the organism are replaced
by sediment and become rock. This rock is a cast of the original
organism with the same physical features as the once living
organism. Evolutionists would consider fossilization a unique
event, which is rarely observed, if ever, in the present. “Fossil
graveyards” then, pose a significant challenge to the evolutionary
explanation as evolutionists are hard-pressed to account for a
method that would fossilize thousands of organisms in the same
physical location under normal conditions. There are no known
“natural” conditions today that are fossilizing thousands of
organisms at once, especially organisms from different ecological
zones. Since these conditions are not observed today, evolutionists
are forced to explain “fossil graveyards” as a long duration
(millions of years) event. The problem with a “millions of years”
explanation is that the bones of many of these fossilized organisms
are interlocked together. Bones cannot become interlocked
together if the organisms from which they came died millions of
years apart. Secondly, as has been stated above, many of these
fossils are from organisms that do not normally live together in the
same ecological zone. This suggests that these organisms did not
die in the same location but died in other ecological zones and
were transported (most likely by moving water) to the location
where they were buried and fossilized.
~ 32 ~

When it comes to “fossil graveyards”, evolutionists face an
explanatory problem because their own theory of slow fossil
formation over millions of years isn't adequate to explain the
thousands of fossils buried together. There must be a better
explanation. There is!

The Bible speaks of a global flood (Genesis 8-10) that covered the
entire earth with water. This global flood killed most organisms on
the planet at that time. The organisms that died in the flood would
have been carried great distances by the water and covered rapidly
by the advancing waters and swirling oceans. This global flood
explains perfectly how organisms from different ecological zones
were carried to the same location and buried together. The flood
also explains how the quantities (thousands) of organisms were
buried together. Lastly, the flood provides the most ideal water-
laden sediment and pressure that were required for the organisms
to be fossilized. The Biblical flood sufficiently answers all of the
questions regarding the formation of fossil graveyards but an
evolutionary worldview is insufficient to do the same.

So, why doesn't an evolutionist accept the Biblical explanation? It
certainly seems far superior to their own explanation.
Evolutionists reject this explanation, not because it is invalid, less
superior, or less scientific to their own, but because it comes from
the Bible. Therefore, they do not reject the explanation, but the
Bible. Evolutionists might even agree that the Biblical explanation
is a better explanation, but they will not accept it simply because it
is from the Bible. Evolutionists are letting their own
presuppositions (that there is no God and the Bible is not true)
~ 33 ~

force them to accept an explanation that is less than sufficient. It is
most tragic that an evolutionist, who supposedly prides himself on
being scientific, will reject the most scientific explanation simply
because it supports an alternate viewpoint than his own. The often
quoted evolutionary scientist Richard Lewontin exemplifies this
tragic viewpoint when he said, “We take the side of science in spite
of the patent absurdity of some of its constructs, in spite of its
failure to fulfill many of its extravagant promises of health and life,
in spite of the tolerance of the scientific community for
unsubstantiated just-so stories, because we have a prior
commitment, a commitment to materialism. It is not that the
methods and institutions of science somehow compel us to accept a
material explanation of the phenomenal world, but, on the contrary,
that we are forced by our a priori adherence to material causes to
create an apparatus of investigation and a set of concepts that
produce material explanations, no matter how counter-intuitive, no
matter how mystifying to the uninitiated. Moreover, that
materialism is an absolute, for we cannot allow a Divine Foot in
the door.” 2

Logic and Contradiction

The law of non-contradiction states that contradictory statements
cannot both be true at the same time. For example, if it is said that
A is greater than B and that A is not greater than B, then one
statement is false because both statements cannot possibly be true
at the same time. The law of non-contradiction is a law that is
impossible to deny. The very moment one declares that the law of
non-contradiction is untrue, it is proven. Denying the law sets up
~ 34 ~

two contradictory statements from which one is expected to be
true, and so, its denial verifies its validity. An identical situation
exists when some religions claim that two contradictory statements
can both be true at the same time, thus attempting to deny the law
of non-contradiction to avoid apparent contradictions in their own
religion. In communicating this, however, they must set their
statement (that contradictory statements can both be true) against
the law of non-contradiction itself, which forces a contradiction
between the two. In the end, instead of disproving the law of non-
contradiction, they verify it. The denial of an absolute reality and
the denial of an absolute truth are also common claims among
certain religions, but, once again the absolute belief that no
absolute reality or absolute truth exists places the two beliefs in
contradiction with the former (that they do exist), and thus, the law
of non-contradiction is proven yet again.3This is why the Law of
Contradiction is truly a universal law? Two contradictory
statements cannot both be true because God never contradicts
Himself. God is absolute Truth and He never lies. God created the
universe to reflect His character so that we may know Him and
develop knowledge through understanding His creation. Science is
possible because God is Truth and His creation reflects His
character. If there was no God, we would have no possible way to
understand the physical world around us.

In the example of “fossil graveyards” described above, the law of
non-contradiction proves that one of these interpretations is
incorrect. Either fossil graveyards were produced by slow
evolutionary processes or by quick catastrophic methods (Biblical
Flood Model). There is no such thing as a slow catastrophic
process. Since these views are competing and contradictory they
~ 35 ~

cannot possibly be both true at the same time. Because
interpretations of past events often contradict each other, a choice
is made to believe an interpretation that is in support of the
individual's personal worldview (review figure 2:3). Someone
who rejects theories based on their own worldview, rather than
scientific experimentation, is engaging in religion, not science.
There are many extremely religious evolutionary scientists who do
not follow the science, but only accept explanations that support
their own philosophical worldview. To be fair, Biblical creationists
have their own philosophical worldview to uphold, but this is the
main point of the argument; both evolutionists and Biblical
creationists are religiously motivated, and thus, defend a religious
viewpoint. “Evolution is a religion. This was true of evolution in
the beginning, and it is true of evolution still today.” 4

Science and Causality

The Law of Cause-and-Effect (Causality) is the most established
law in science. One cannot even conduct science without
acknowledgement of this law5. The Law itself states that there is a
relationship between two events; the second (the effect) is
dependent upon the first (the cause). A further extension of this law
states that the cause must always exceed (be larger in extent) than
its effect.
Figure 2:4 Notice that each effect is dependent upon the preceding cause and that
each effect is quantitatively and qualitatively smaller than the preceding cause.

~ 36 ~

Again, using the “fossil graveyard” scenario as an example, we can
determine that there must have been an extremely great cause (very
large in extent) that brought about the effect of thousands of fossils
being buried together. Therefore, this law seems to rule out a
slow-and-steady, one-fossil-at-a-time event, as evolution suggests,
because the effect is far too great for such an individually small
cause. The Biblical explanation of a global flood, however, would
have been a sufficiently large cause to produce the effect of a
“fossil graveyard”.

We can also extend the Law of Causality to life itself and all other
realms of science. In fact, the causal relationship is the backbone
of all scientific pursuits. Since living organisms are composed of
complex components with inter-related parts, the cause must have
~ 37 ~

been more complex (intelligent) than the effect. This might be
called the teleological argument. Other cause-and-effect arguments
are outlined below.

Extension of the Law Argument
of Cause-and-Effect6
...uses order and design in nature to prove the existence
of a Designer. Therefore, if the cell looks designed, then
Teleology... there must be a designer that created the cell.
…focuses on the motion of the cosmos as evidence of a
prime mover. Therefore, if the cosmos has motion, then
Cosmology... there must have been a Creator that set it in motion.

...is the study of existence. Therefore, if the concept of
Ontology... God exists, then God must really exist.

...is the study of beauty. Therefore, if something can be
considered beautiful or expressive in quality, then there
Aesthetics... must be an ultimate expression of beauty.

...is the study of desire and will. Therefore, if individual
humans have a will, then there must be an ultimate will.
Volition...
...is the study of a “right” and a “wrong”. Therefore,
since all people know intuitively that there is “good”
Morality... and “bad”, “right and wrong”, then there must be an
absolute standard of morality.

Although the cause-and-effect deductions above are not absolute
proof of God's existence, they certainly lead to a strong concluding
argument for the existence of a “Grand Cause”. This possibility
~ 38 ~

increases further when one considers that evolution runs in direct
opposition to causality. For example, if evolution were true, then
all complex organisms on this planet evolved from an infinite
number of less complex organisms in the past. Evolution must
move in the wrong direction.

Evolutionists are forced to admit that many of the processes that
must have occurred, in order for evolution to be true, are counter to
the basic laws that run the universe. The laws of logic are not
friendly toward evolution either. “The faith of the evolutionist and
humanist is of another order altogether. His is a splendid faith
indeed, a faith not dependent on anything so mundane as evidence
or logic, but rather a faith strong in childlike trust, relying wholly
on omniscient Chance and omnipotent Matter to produce the
complex systems and mighty energies of the universe. The
evolutionist's faith is not dependent on evidence, but is pure faith –
absolute credulity.”7 However, the Law of Cause-and-Effect taken
to the furthest degree argues perfectly for the existence of God,
since a Grand Cause is a necessary conclusion.

Figure 2:5 Notice that complexity is maintained or lost (because of mutational
events) but not gained. This supports the conclusion that all causes are greater
(or at least equal to) their effects. However, in each case, evolution must defy
the law of causality and build complex structures from more simple structures.
This is the reverse of the cause-and-effect relationship and is not scientifically
possible.

~ 39 ~

Because evolutionists claim to function only in the realm of our
physical senses, it is often claimed that God does not exist (or at
least is undetectable) since He is not seen, felt, or tasted. This
claim makes two fatal errors. The first error demands that God
must present Himself in visible form before we can accept His
existence. The person who claims this has the audacity to tell God
that He must play by their rules. We have no right to limit God to
his own creative products. The second error assumes that we
cannot see God, but God's effects are “clearly seen” (Romans 1),
and so, we can detect God's existence by our physical senses when
we see His effects. Therefore, to argue against the existence of God
because He is unseen is to argue against all unseen causes.
Intuitively, we know that even if the cause is unseen, it still exists.
It is no different with the existence of God. The effects of God are
enough to conclude His existence.

The Effects of God

Since the world is a collection of individual effects, each effect
must have been produced by a greater cause than itself. Obviously,
these individual effects could not have extended indefinitely in the
past or their present effects would be too small to detect and no
longer even measurable. Likewise, the causes that produced the
effects could neither extend indefinitely in the past or they would
become too large to be measured. The infinite existence of the
cause-and-effect relationship cannot be defended scientifically.
Once again, the most logical conclusion is that there must have
been an initial cause, or First Cause, to the effects that we observe
today.
~ 41 ~

Furthermore, we can conclude from the cause-and-effect
relationship that “the First Cause....
….of limitless space must be infinite in extent.
….of endless time must be eternal in duration.
….of perpetual motion must be omnipotent in power.
….of unbounded variety must be omnipresent in phenomena.
….of infinite complexity must be omnipotent in intelligence.
….of consciousness must be personal.
….of feeling must be emotional.
….of will must be volitional.
….of ethical values must be moral.
….of religious values must be spiritual.
….of beauty must be aesthetic.
….of righteousness must be holy.
….of justice must be just.
….of love must be loving.
….of life must be living.”8

If the list of “must be” requirements above sounds familiar; they
are! Added together, these “must be” requirements for the “First
Cause” perfectly describe the God of the Bible as was discussed in
the first chapter. Could evolution produce complex thought and
feelings such as love, joy, pain, and jealousy? “It makes no sense
that unfeeling, unthinking, dead matter could produce feeling,
thinking, living beings, and yet that is what people are expected to
believe”9 from the theory of evolution. Indeed, there is no possible
way that personality could come from an impersonal universe.

~ 42 ~

Creation Is the Only Logical Belief System

Since logic is a non-material (or non-physical) thing, it must exist
outside of our own brains. Furthermore, since all humans
recognize and use the same logical rules, it is neither a product of
the individual mind. An evolutionist must account naturally for a
non-material law that governs the way the material (and all of
science for that matter) works. This of course means that laws must
have come before the material and biological world; since they are
both regulated and upheld by these laws. Laws cannot evolve.
Since logic exists outside of the material and because it is
universally applied, it must be an expression of a greater mind than
our own. God is that greater mind! Logic exists because God
exists. Without God, there is no logic and there is no science. God
created the laws that allow us to be logical. Because the laws that
allow us to be logical are not physical things, we must believe in
them. Therefore the laws of logic are presuppositions that we hold
to be true. Every scientist (and all people) believes these laws are
true (holds to this presupposition), otherwise they would not be
able conduct science at all. Whether you believe in God or not,
every day you confirm God's existence by using logical reasoning
skills. Therefore, an evolutionist proves the existence of God
daily, even while trying to deny Him. Jason Lisle, in his book The
Ultimate Proof of Creation, summarizes it this way, “If evolution
were true, science and reasoning would not be possible; there
would be no basis for logic, nor would there be any basis for
uniformity in nature. So if evolutionists were consistent with their
worldview, they would not be able to reason or do science. Yet
evolutionists are able to reason and to do science. Thus it follows
~ 43 ~

that evolutionists do not consistently rely upon their own
worldview. They rely upon creationist presuppositions.”10

We are all biased!

Logic is the most basic level of true knowledge that God gave each
of us at birth. We intuitively use logic daily, but as we have
determined already, a belief system is needed in order to use logic
effectively. As a Christian, I believe that God is who He said He
is. I believe the Bible is true and accurate in its history. I believe
the Bible describes the character of God perfectly; without any
error. I also believe that the Bible, although not a science
textbook, is completely accurate when it speaks about scientific
matters. This is my presupposition, and everything written in this
book is written with this presupposition in mind. Therefore, this
book is completely biased and I admit this with all honesty and
without any hesitation. Of course, anyone reading this book also
has personal biases. Your bias might agree with my bias, or it may
not. None of us are neutral on any topic. It is important that we are
honest and open about our biases. It may be that our biases are
incorrect and that a different bias provides a better interpretation
and explanation. I have evaluated my bias many times and in the
end I agree with Cornelius Van Til when he expressed his
sentiment this way, “Now, in fact, I feel that the whole of history
and civilization would be unintelligible to me if it were not for my
belief in God. So true is this, that I propose to argue that unless
God is back of everything, you cannot find meaning in anything.”11

~ 44 ~

Ask yourself these questions as they relate to the origin of life and
answer them honestly.

(1) What are your biases about the origin of life?

(2) Are your biases sufficient to explain the space-mass-time
cosmos of this universe?

(3) If your bias is not sufficient to explain the space-mass-time
cosmos, are you willing to accept another bias that is more
sufficient?

These are great questions for anyone to ask themselves. I can
honestly say that I believe that my bias (the God of the Bible is the
Creator) is the only legitimate bias to have. I know that this
statement might challenge and offend those who have a different
bias, but is it not true that someone's bias must be the correct bias.
Therefore, each of us should be asking ourselves how we can know
which bias is the correct bias to have.

The reason that I can be so bold about my bias is not because I feel
superior about myself but because I feel my God is superior. I
believe that all other biases are not capable of logical
interpretation. The biblical presupposition allows me to have
reason to trust my own logical conclusions. This is because my
logic has a true foundational basis in the God who created the laws
that govern logic. My logic is in perfect agreement with God's
laws. An atheistic evolutionist believes neither God nor the Bible
are true, and because of this, has no explanation for the existence
~ 45 ~

of logic. Remember, logic cannot evolve. Why would an
evolutionist trust his own evolved brain to come to a logical
conclusion about anything? When an evolutionist says that the
world evolved, why should he even trust his own thoughts? There
is no logical way for an evolutionist to defend his own belief. An
evolutionist must borrow from the biblical framework of belief
(that there are absolutes) in order to use logic affectively. This is
why evolutionists can never truly be logical. We, as humans, can
only be logical because God is the God of logic and He created us
in His image.12 Denying the God of logic makes one completely
illogical. This is why I can be so bold in my statement.

Suppressing the Truth

In the book of Romans we find a perfect portrayal of this entire
chapter. Romans 1 (verses18-20) states, The wrath of God is being
revealed from heaven against all the godlessness and wickedness
of people, who suppress the truth by their wickedness, since what
may be known about God is plain to them, because God has made
it plain to them. For since the creation of the world God‟s invisible
qualities—his eternal power and divine nature—have been clearly
seen, being understood from what has been made, so that people
are without excuse.
This passage makes it absolutely clear that everyone knows that
God exists because God is plain to them. You might question what
is so plain to everyone. The next verse explains what is plain to
everyone; God‟s invisible qualities—his eternal power and divine
nature—have been clearly seen. How can you see invisible
~ 46 ~

qualities? God's invisible qualities are the very laws that govern
the way that all living things work and function. So, you can see
the invisible qualities of God when you see the effects of the laws
that God created. It is God's eternal power and divine nature that
keeps everything functioning as it does. Nothing in this universe,
galaxy, planet, body, cell, molecule, or even atom, would function
without God's laws in place. He upholds everything by His power.
God's eternal power is so forcefully evident that all people are
without excuse. This means that God has given us enough evidence
of His own existence from His creation alone. God created us with
brains that could perceive Him through his laws, that govern both
the created world and thought itself, and He expects us to come to
this logical conclusion; that He exists. Those who state that there is
no God are doing so out of their own presupposition, not because
of lack of evidence. The next verse (21) states this clearly, For
although they knew God, they neither glorified him as God nor
gave thanks to him, but their thinking became futile and their
foolish hearts were darkened. Although they claimed to be wise,
they became fools and exchanged the glory of the immortal God
for images made to look like a mortal human being and birds and
animals and reptiles. Everyone knows God exists, some however,
choose to deny His existence anyway! “Men cannot long be
satisfied with chaos, however. Each person is so conditioned by all
his observations and experiences to think in terms of causation and
purpose that he must, even despite himself, look for some kind of
ultimate order and meaning in the universe. If he has lost faith in
the true God, and His Word, then he must sooner or later find
another god.”13 An atheist, by denying God's existence, has
convinced himself there is no God, but in actuality he has deified
himself as god, and thus has exchanged the glory of the immortal
~ 47 ~

God for images made to look like a mortal human being. As the
verse states, their thinking became futile and their foolish hearts
were darkened. Although they claimed to be wise, they became
fools... The Bible explains that those who do not believe in God
are fools because they exchange God's logic for foolish arguments
(evolution), all the while trying to deny the existence of God by
using the very logic that God created them to use to know Him.
This is the pinnacle of foolish thinking.

The progression of foolishness from Romans 1 is outlined
below.

God is known by all→He is denied because of personal
presuppositions→Ability to make logical sense of the world is
lost→ Becomes a fool→Heart is darkened→God's glory is
exchanged and given to a false god or self→God's wrath is
released on foolish man.

The progression of wisdom is outlined below.

God is known by all→He is accepted as the only God→Has the
ability to make logical sense of the world→Becomes wise→Gives
glory only to God→God's approval and happiness is felt and
known completely.

Which progression above would you place yourself in?

If you acknowledge God as Creator, you are seeking true wisdom;
however, if you deny God as Creator your thinking is based on

~ 48 ~

foolishness. If the latter is the case, it is not too late to accept Jesus
and seek God's wisdom.

Conclusion

At the conclusion of this chapter there are three important points to
re-state.

(1) The battle between evolution and creation is really a battle
between religious beliefs and worldviews, not scientific evidences.

(2) “True reason and true science will lead to God, but man
does not want to submit to God and, therefore, denies the evidence
of his own reason.”14

(3) Logic only has a basis in the Biblical Worldview.

It is a peculiar thing that some people, who neither believe in God,
nor creation, still claim that logic could exist. The fact of the
matter is that logic has no basis outside of a Creator God. In the
next chapter we will learn more about the Creator of all things.

Notes and references:
1
Although evidence is neutral, we are never neutral. All of us have presuppositions
that determine the way we interpret evidence. Jesus Himself confirms this when he
said, Whoever is not with me is against me, and whoever does not gather with me
scatters. (Luke 11:23) Personal neutrality is an impossible position.

~ 49 ~

2
Richard Lewontin, “Billions and billions of Demons,” The New York Review,
January 9, 1997, p. 31.
3
It should also be noted that anyone who believes that absolute truth and absolute
reality do not exist is inconsistent in their belief. For example, anyone who tries to
deny the absolute reality of gravity will meet the absolute truth of death when they
jump from a 20 story building. Everyone must live and behave daily in ways that
assume the existence of both absolute truth and absolute reality, and therefore, those
who deny it are living in direct contradiction to their denial of it.
4
Michael Ruse,”Saving Darwinism from the Darwinians,” National Post, May 13,
2000, B-3.
5
Using the scientific method, scientists set up experiments to determine causality in
the physical world. Imbedded within the scientific method and experiments is a
hypothesis or several hypotheses about causal relationships. The scientific method
is used to test these hypotheses.
6
This chart has been compiled from information appearing in Morris(3), pg. 109.
7
Morris (5), pg. 22.
8
Morris (3), pg. 112.
9
10
Lisle, Jason. The Ultimate Proof of Creation, Green Forest: Master Books, 2009.
11
Van Til, Cornelius. Christian Apologetics, Phillipsburg: P&R Publishing
Company, 2003.
12
Genesis 1:26; The “image of God” is not a physical image, as if we look like
God‟s physical body. Rather, the “image of God” represents a “mental, moral, and
social likeness“. (see Made in the image of God by Russell M. Grigg,
http://creation.com/made-in-the-image-of-god. Creation Ministries International.)
13
14

Figure 2:1 – Illustration recreated from... Chittick, Donald E. Ph.D. The Puzzle of
Ancient Man. Newberg: Creation Compass, 2006.

~ 50 ~

Do you not know?

Have you not heard?

The LORD is the everlasting God,
the Creator of the ends of the earth.
He will not grow tired or weary,
and his understanding no one can fathom.
Isaiah 40:28

~ 51 ~

Chapter 3

The God of Creation

The Necessity of a Creator

Logic has proven the necessity of a Creator! The theory of
evolution has no logical basis to defend itself, therefore,
evolutionists are forced to adopt one of two positions; (1) admit
their own worldview cannot possibly make sense of the universe
and adopt the Christian worldview which can make sense of the
universe, or (2) admit their own worldview is illogical and cease
from using logical thought processes to explain their theory.
Evolutionists, of course, will not easily adopt either position for
obvious reasons. Evolutionists have placed themselves then in an
impossible position from which there is no escape; either use God's
laws of logic to deny God's existence (which actually proves His
existence) or deny their own rational minds and abandon logic
altogether (which would prove evolution a baseless opinion in a
sea of nothingness). God makes it plain that those who deny His
~ 52 ~

existence are fools; The fool says in his heart, “There is no God.”
(Psalm 14:1) Denying God makes evolutionists (and evolutionary
based religions)1 hopelessly illogical and completely dependent
upon the Christian worldview to make sense of the world.

The universe demands a Creator and our reasoning is dependent
upon His existence. The cosmos and its space-mass-time tri-unity
was not always in existence, as some evolutionists and most other
religions suspect2, but had to be created by an ultimate Grand
Cause, which, as we discussed in the last chapter, can be none
other than the God of the Bible. Who else has the ability and power
to bring everything into existence but the God of the Bible? In fact,
the space-mass-time continuum is mentioned in the very first verse
of the Bible (Genesis 1:1); In the beginning (time)...God (the
Grand Cause)...created (brought about for the first time)...the
heavens (space)...and the earth (matter or mass). Evolution is
completely dependent upon the pre-existence of the cosmos which
must have been in place before evolution could function. Only the
Bible explains the origin of the cosmos adequately. So, yet once
more, evolution (and other religions) must acknowledge the Truth
of the Bible in order to make sense of their own beliefs. There is
no escaping this simple conclusion. (This would be a good time to
review the characteristics of God discussed in the first chapter.)
Figure 3:1 The Cosmos (Space-Mass-Time) must have been created at the same
time. We observe that energy acts on matter as it occupies space over a given
time. The functioning of the universe is set precisely on the interactions of these
three components. Evolution must assume that the cosmos spontaneously began
or that space, mass, and time evolved independently from each other. Since the
cosmos is non-living, evolutionary mechanisms cannot be used in its formation.
Evolution cannot explain the existence of the Space-Mass-Time continuum.

~ 53 ~

Ex Nihilo

It is clear from the text above (Genesis 1:1) that God created the
cosmos. The biblical verb used in this verse (Bara; ‫ )בָּרא‬means to
ָּ
create out of nothing (Latin ex nihilo) or to bring about something
that is completely new in quality. We, of course, have never
created anything new that hasn't already existed previously. We
can only form or manufacture something from pre-existing
materials, but these materials were ultimately created by God. In
the Bible, the verb used “to form” (yatsar; ‫ יָּצַר‬and sometimes asah;
‫ )עשָּה‬is a different verb than is the verb used “to create” (Bara),
ָּ
although they are sometimes used of God interchangeably. The
clear teaching of Genesis 1:1 is that God did not form the cosmos
from materials that were already in existence but He created
everything ex nihilo.3
~ 54 ~

Obviously, mere processes have no abilities to create either.
Processes can only shape and reform, but not create. Take for
example the process of natural selection. Natural selection can
only preserve traits (characteristics) that are beneficial to the
organism, but it can never create new traits. As has been noted
many times, natural selection might be able to explain the
“survival of the fittest” but not the “arrival of the fittest”. Actually,
natural selection is a process that supports the biblical conservation
of “Kinds” better than evolution's use of natural selection to
produce new and novel types of organisms. God evidentially
instituted natural selection as a conservation process to maintain
and sustain his created order. (See the section Thermodynamics
and Evolution and Biblical Kinds in this chapter.)

Creation Is No Longer Happening

The first verse of the Bible also proves that the creation was
completed in the past and is not a continuous event. In the
beginning God created... and therefore, is not still creating. This
“creating process” ended at the end of the creation week (See the
section Formative Works of God in this chapter.) when God
pronounced, Thus the heavens and the earth were completed in all
their vast array. By the seventh day God had finished the work he
had been doing; so on the seventh day he rested from all his work.
Then God blessed the seventh day and made it holy, because on it
he rested from all the work of creating that he had done (Genesis
2:1). The combination of completed-finished-rested could signal
no other logical conclusion than, creation is no longer happening.
~ 55 ~

This fact rules out any possible merger of the creation event
described in the Bible and the theory of evolution4. Evolution
suggests a continual progression of small incremental creations,
whereas, the Bible presents the creation event as already
completed, therefore, the law of non-contradiction proves the
impossibility that both of these conflicting views are correct.
Although the “creating” came to a conclusion after the sixth day,
God put into place two sustaining laws that would govern His
creation. These sustaining laws are the laws of 1st and 2nd
thermodynamics. (See the section Thermodynamics and Evolution
in this chapter.)

God Created Instantly

Two verses later (Genesis 1:3) we notice another remarkable fact;
God created instantaneously. And God said, “Let there be light,”
and there was light. God simply spoke light into existence. The
power of His Word brought about everything. So, once again,
evolution is denied explicitly in these verses. Because the creation
was completed instantaneously in the past, evolution's slow-and-
steady change could not possibly be a mechanism that God used to
bring about the cosmos. God does not contradict Himself.

God Is Not The Cosmos

It should also be noted that the subject of this first verse is God (In
the beginning God) and that He created the heavens and the earth.
This eliminates the possibility that God was a part of the cosmos
itself. God did not create Himself or bring about an essence of
~ 56 ~

Himself. He created something entirely new; something that never
existed before and something that was separate in quality from
Himself. In short, God is not the cosmos and the cosmos is not
God, nor did the cosmos pre-exist God but it was God who pre-
existed the cosmos.

As you see, the first verse of the Bible is the most conclusive and
precise statement that has ever been uttered. In this one verse we
can conclude the following:

 God is the Grand Cause.
 God is not the same as the cosmos (space-mass-time) or
contained within it.
 God pre-existed before the cosmos.
 God is the only one who can “create” anything and He did
so ex nihilo.
 God's creation was completed in the past.
 God created instantaneously by His powerful Word.

Creation Has Documented History

Because God is the Creator and speaks nothing but Truth, we can
trust what He says about His own creation. After all, He was the
only eye-witness to the creation event and so, historically, we have
all the reason to believe in God's own description as first hand
evidence. It must be pointed out that the theory of evolution is not
able to provide such a witness. Its history is not from an eye-
witness account like the biblical explanation, but pieced together
~ 57 ~

using hypothetical words such as “what if”, “perhaps”, and
“maybe”. These are hardly scientific words and they leave no
confidence in the end of the matter. The Bible, on the other hand is
definite. There is no hesitation in describing the precise order and
manner in which God created the world. The Bible does not leave
us with cloudy, half-descriptive words like evolution does; on the
contrary, we are presented with a confident self-assertion of God as
the Grand Cause and designer of all things. The first three
chapters of the Bible are a play-by-play of God's actions to create
the material, biological and spiritual dimensions of our world and
although they do not describe every single detail of the creation,
they do present a more than satisfying account for the existence of
the universe. G.K. Chesterton could not have said it better when
he remarked, “The riddles of God proved more satisfying than the
answers proposed without God.”5

The Bible never tries to prove that God is the Creator, rather it is
assumed from the beginning. Since God is the author of the Bible
this makes perfect sense. God does not need to provide an
apologetic of His own existence, rather, the creation itself provides
a more than adequate witness to His own power, order, and
wisdom. Those who do not accept God's silent witness of Himself
(General Revelation) will never accept His verbal witness of
Himself (Special Revelation).

The General Revelation

God's creation might be called a “general revelation” because
everyone has received the same evidence. We all wake to the same
~ 58 ~

sun and conclude our day with the same moon. We all observe the
change of seasons, the cycles in nature, the complexities of life,
and perceive the world from our special senses. God makes it
clear that the creation alone is enough evidence to know He exists.
As was discussed in chapter 2, Romans 1:20 declares, For since
the creation of the world God‟s invisible qualities—his eternal
power and divine nature—have been clearly seen, being
understood from what has been made, so that people are without
excuse. Psalm 19 (verses 1-4) portrays this sentiment perfectly as
well, The heavens declare the glory of God; the skies proclaim the
work of his hands. Day after day they pour forth speech; night
after night they reveal knowledge. They have no speech, they use
no words; no sound is heard from them. Yet their voice goes out
into all the earth, their words to the ends of the world. No one on
this planet can say, “God has not given me enough evidence to
believe that He exists.” Clearly, His universe is shouting to all who
will listen that He is the mind behind the matter.

From the creation alone we can determine a few attributes of God‟s
character. We can determine that God is orderly and uniform and
very creative. The question that all of us face is, from where did
the order and uniformity of the physical universe come from? An
illogical position would be to accept that a random, purposeless,
and unguided process like evolution could account for the order
and design of the universe. To not believe in a Creator is to deny
cause-and-effect relationships and reality itself. Evolutionists
must deny this obvious reality each day as they are forced to
fabricate fantastic stories to account for the order and uniformity of
the universe through natural processes alone. Evolutionists,
however, know in their hearts that God is real and this is
~ 59 ~

represented by their incessant deification and personification of
evolution in order to attribute the order and design of the universe
to something greater than themselves. The next time you read an
article written from an evolutionary perspective look for
descriptions like assembled themselves, constructed, built,
manufactured, emerged, arose, burst onto the scene, modified
itself, was lucky, and created. These descriptive terms are used to
explain how sheer molecules can manipulate natural processes to
become more complex in structure and function. Not only is this
contrary to established laws of science (See Thermodynamics and
Evolution in this chapter.), but it is dishonest. These are subtle
attempts to circumvent God by giving evolution abilities that only
God can possess. It is at moments like this that evolutionists reveal
their own inner battle with the evidence. They must either deny the
apparent design of nature or attribute it to evolution in God-like
fashion. It is impossible to deny the apparent design of the
universe; therefore, evolutionists attribute the evidence of design to
evolution (their god) or try in vain to deny the undeniable; as
leading Darwinist Richard Dawkins does in his book Climbing
Mount Improbable when he states that evolution “...has only the
appearance of being intelligently designed.”6 Or in similar scope,
as Francis Crick puts it “Biologists must constantly keep in mind
what they see was not designed, but evolved.”7 Obviously (though
these statements are supposedly in favor of evolutionary theory)
statement such as these provide first-hand evidence of the crisis
that evolutionists face. These sorts of comments reek of montra-
like pronouncements hoping in vain to wish-away the obvious fact
that things exhibit order and uniformity, which are features of
design and henceforth, demand a Designer.

~ 60 ~

In the end, an evolutionist's own words prove that he knows and
perceives the God of the Bible through His creation but, as
Romans 1:20 declares, he is …suppressing the Truth. “God has so
made man that he intuitively recognizes God's existence, at least
until his training or religious traditions have educated it out of
him.”8

In summary, there are two obvious qualities of the general
revelation that are understood by all; (1) its apparent order and (2)
uniformity in design. It is from these two that the first steps toward
knowing and understanding God must be met. Evolution cannot
explain the existence of either. “It is no accident that at every level
of the cosmos–sub-atomic, atomic, organic, inorganic, sub-human,
human, earth, moon, sun, stars, galaxies–all things manifest
amazing order and rationality that can be reasonably explained
only as the result of a deliberate, creative act of God.” 9

The Special Revelation

In the Christian worldview, general revelation is enough to
condemn, but not enough to save. In other words, to admit that
there is a Creator does not mean that one has been pardoned from
their sin nor does it mean that they have received God's Salvation.
The Bible declares ...You believe that there is one God. Good!
Even the demons believe that—and shudder (James 2:19).
Obviously, demons have not been pardoned from their sin, nor
received God's Salvation. It takes more than a concept of a Creator
to receive Salvation.

~ 61 ~

Since, the general revelation is only enough to prove God's
existence, He provided a greater revelation that speaks of His
character and divine nature. This greater revelation is often called
the “special revelation” and is none other than the Bible. “In the
Bible, the reader meets God's most direct form of special
revelation: the person of Jesus Christ.” 10 God then, wants ...all
people to be saved and to come to a knowledge of the truth. For
there is one God and one mediator between God and mankind, the
man Christ Jesus, who gave himself as a ransom for all people (1
Timothy 2:4-6).

Unfortunately, evolution has deceived many into believing that
there is no God, and therefore, the special revelation is ignored
because the general revelation is denied. If the general revelation
is denied then the hope of salvation is lost, because it is in the
special revelation that Jesus Christ is revealed. (See Chapter 6, The
God of Salvation).

The Triumph of God's Special Revelation

“It is better theology and philosophy to begin with the God of the
Bible to explain the universe than to begin with the universe to
explain God.”11 This is true because the general revelation can be
misinterpreted. As we discussed in the last chapter, man's
presuppositions may lead him to an interpretation of the evidence
that denies God's existence. This is why an evolutionist can look
at evidence that clearly supports a Creator and yet, deny that He
exists. Secondly, as will be discussed in the next chapter (The God
of Man), the entire creation is subject to decay. This is a result of
~ 62 ~

the “Fall of Man” which not only affected man's relationship with
God but also introduced pain, suffering, and decay into the
physical world. Anyone who denies the special revelation will
miss these explanations and thus, will likely misinterpret the
evidence. Only with the Bible as the primary interpretation tool
can we successfully comprehend the world around us. In a sense,
our minds are corrupted and need to be purified. Only the Bible
can purify them. Evolutionists begin with the wrong
presupposition (no God), restrict themselves to the general
revelation only, and use their corrupted minds to interpret
evidence. No wonder their conclusion is incorrect. (You might
want to review the Progression of Foolishness at the end of
Chapter 2.)

Not only can man never arrive at a correct interpretation of the
physical world without the Bible, he can never answer the “big”
questions without it either. The general revelation might help us
answer the “temporal” questions of life; it does little to help us
answer the “eternal” questions of life. For instance, only God's
special revelation can answer the following questions.

 Why are we here?
 Does God Exist?
 Why do men have physical emotions like sadness, happiness,
and joy?
 How can I be saved?
 How can I know God?
 Why do I feel guilty when I do bad things?

~ 63 ~

It will do little good in the end of it all if you can recite the steps a
mitochondria takes to convert sugar to energy, however, if you
know the living Savior Jesus Christ, your soul will be saved for
eternity.

The general revelation is to be acknowledged, and even studied,
but if it remains the only source of knowledge for an individual; it
and the person's soul will be lost for eternity. The Bible makes it
clear that the special revelation triumphs the general revelation.
Two verses in the Bible that specifically pinpoints the relationship
between God's general and special revelations are Isaiah 40:8 and
John 1:1-4. The passage in Isaiah reads, The grass withers and the
flowers fall, but the word of our God endures forever. The grass
(general revelation) is temporal, but the Word of God (special
revelation) is eternal. Only investments in God's economy (Bible)
will pay dividends. This world will pass away but as Jesus says,
my words will never pass away (Matthew 13:31). God's Word is
eternal because the Word (Jesus) is God, and of course, God is
eternal. The passage in John mentioned above explains the
relationship thus, In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was
with God, and the Word was God. He was with God in the
beginning. Through him all things were made; without him
nothing was made that has been made. In him was life, and that
life was the light of all mankind.

It is necessary that we breakdown this verse.

(1) In the beginning... This represents the origin of the cosmos.
Refer to the discussion of Genesis 1:1 at the beginning of this
chapter.
~ 64 ~

(2) was the Word... The Word is Jesus. In Greek, Logos (λόγος)
can mean mind, reason, thought, wisdom, intelligence, idea, law,
order, purpose, and design.12 All of these attributes converge in
Jesus. Maybe the best translation for Logos is the “Mind of God”.
Therefore, Jesus is the Mind of God expressed in a physical body.
Logos is also the root for the English word Logic. So in essence,
when we use logic to reason we are confirming Jesus as the One
and only true expression of God.

(3) and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. Jesus is
eternal and not separate from God; He is God. (See the
explanation for the Trinity at the end of chapter 1.)

(4) Through him all things were made; without him nothing was
made that has been made. Jesus is the Creator and He holds all
things together by His power. It is through Jesus that all things
abide. (See also Colossians 1:15-17.)

(5) In him was life, and that life was the light of all mankind. True
life can only be found in Jesus Christ alone. He came to this world
to shed light in darkness. Unfortunately, many still live in
darkness because they are deceived by philosophies that lead them
away from Jesus Christ, the “Light of the World” (John 3:19 and
John 8:12).

“The flow of this passage sets forth the parameters of Christian
philosophy: mind before matter; God before man; plan and design
before creation; life from life; and enlightenment from the Light.
The orderly universe was conceived in the orderly and rational
~ 65 ~

mind of God before it was created. Without the Logos there would
be no cosmos.” 13

As you see, the special revelation of God is Jesus Christ Himself
who is revealed in the Word of God, and is the Word of God. Why
is the special revelation necessary for Salvation? It is because,
Salvation is found in no one else, for there is no other name under
heaven given to mankind by which we must be saved (Acts 4:12).

The Works of God

Since God Created the world we can now turn to the specific
manner to which the Creation took place. We can divide the
creation process into two separate events; (1) creative (Bara) and
(2) formative (Asah and Yatsar).

Creative Works of God 14
 Creation of the physical elements of the universe-space, mass,
energy, time (Genesis 1:1).
 Creation of conscious life (Hebrew Nephesh), including both
soul and spirit (in the sense of “breath”). Animals possess
components of both the created physical elements and
conscious life (Genesis 1:21).
 Creation of human beings in the image of God. Men and
women are tri-unities of body, soul, and spirit (in the sense of
the divine image). The human body is much more complex
than that of the highest animal, as is the human soul/breath
complex. Only men and women possess, in addition, the
~ 66 ~

image of God (Genesis 1:27).
Figure 3:2 The illustration below shows the formative days of Creation.
This illustration is the logo for Creation Education Ministries of
Thailand (CEMT).

Formative Works of God 14
 Day One: Energizing the cosmos, as centered in the light
energy (Genesis 1:2-5)
 Day Two: Formation of the atmosphere (“firmament”) and
hydrosphere, both of which are necessary for life and are
unique to earth among the planets (Genesis 1:6-8).
 Day Three: Formation of the lithosphere (the solid earth) and
biosphere (earth's cover of vegetation), a necessity for animal
~ 67 ~

life (Genesis 1:9-13).
 Day Four: Formation of astrosphere in a different
“firmament” (Hebrew raqia, referring to an “expanse” of
stretched-out place), including all the stars, galaxies and
planets (Genesis 1:14-19).
 Day Five: Formation of different kinds of animals for the
atmosphere (birds) and hydrosphere (fishes), each to
reproduce only “after its kind” (Genesis 1:20-23).
 Day Six: Formation of different kinds of land animals for the
lithosphere and biosphere, as well as one male body and one
female body (Adam and Eve) to serve as progenitors of all
later human beings (Genesis 1:24-31).
 Day Seven: Completion and sanctification of “all the work
which God created and made” (Genesis 1:31-2:3).

The order described above accords perfectly with the observable
biological world. There are no contradictions present neither in the
order nor in the descriptions of organisms created. In fact, the order
presented above is far superior to any hypothesized evolutionary
development of the species through millions of years of random
mutations. It must be noted, however, that the order of the creation
events described in the Bible does not agree with modern
evolutionary theory. It is absolute absurdity to suggest that the
process of evolution and the Creation event in the Bible could
somehow be harmonized. We must remember that the law of non-
contradiction strictly forbids the possibility that contradictory
theories could both be true. We must conclude then, that either
Creation or evolution is logically impossible.

~ 68 ~

Evolution Creation
Sun before earth Earth before sun
Dry land before sea Sea before dry land
Sea creatures before land Land plants before sea
plants creatures
Stars before earth Earth before stars
Death before man Man before death
Reptiles before birds Birds before reptiles

Figure 3:3 This is a sampling of contradictions in the order of appearance on
earth. There are hundreds of contradictions between these two beliefs.

There is one more very persuasive point to be made in relation to
the days of creation described in the Bible. Most (if not all)
cultures around the world function on a six day work week with
one day rest. Although the day of rest may be different for different
cultures, the scenario remains consistent. Henry Morris speaks of
this fact when he notes, “The most fascinating aspect of
chronology is the history of the “week,” which has no astronomical
basis. The “day” is measured by the regular appearance of the sun
as the earth rotates; the “year” is measured by the annual rotation
of the heavens as the earth orbits the sun; the “month” is measured
approximately by the moon's lunations, or intervals between new
moons, caused by the revolution of the moon around the earth. The
week, however, has no astronomical basis at all, yet people
everywhere have always observed a weekly cycle: six days of
work and a day of rest.”15 There seems to be no other reasonable
~ 69 ~

explanation except that in all cultures of the world there remains a
remnant of the true creation week, passed down through the ages
and modified in different cultures, but nevertheless still present in
basic form. In the observation of the week itself there is a silent but
powerful witness that confirms, ...in six days the LORD made the
heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that is in them, but he rested
on the seventh day. Therefore the LORD blessed the Sabbath day
and made it holy (Exodus 20:11).

Thermodynamics and Evolution

Besides the Law of Causality, mentioned extensively in the
previous chapter, there are two other laws that are intriquatly
related to the created world. These laws are the 1st and 2nd Laws of
Thermodynamics, or more commonly the law of conservation of
energy and the law of increased entropy. After God created the
space-mass-time cosmos it is evident that He set in place these
laws to sustain His created world. “In its simplest form, the First
Law of Thermodynamics states that neither matter nor energy can
be created or destroyed. The amount of energy in the universe is
constant – energy can be changed, moved, controlled, stored, or
dissipated. However, this energy cannot be created from nothing or
reduced to nothing. Every natural process transforms energy and
moves energy, but cannot create or eliminate it. This principle
forms a foundation for many of the physical sciences.”16 The
second law likewise states that, “Entropy is defined as a measure
of unusable energy within a closed or isolated system (the universe
for example). As usable energy decreases and unusable energy
increases, "entropy" increases. Entropy is also a gauge of
~ 70 ~

randomness or chaos within a closed system. As usable energy is
irretrievably lost, disorganization, randomness and chaos
increase.”17 Both of these laws are extensions of the Law of
Causality. We find that energy can change forms but not be
completely destroyed. At the same time, energy is becoming less
available to biological systems and is therefore contributing to
increased disorder in living organisms. These two laws are easily
observed in nature, especially the Second Law. For example, as
we age our bodies become less able to function at the level it once
did. This natural deterioration of our bodies shows that the Second
Law affects all aspects of the cosmos as disorder increases over
time. Once again, the evolutionary worldview is at a loss to explain
the existence of these laws. But it is worse still for an evolutionist
because these laws are contradictory to the mechanisms of
evolution. So, not only can an evolutionist not explain their
existence, their existence disproves evolution.

To exemplify just how the Second Law is contrary to evolution
consider the origin of life. An evolutionist believes that life began
as a single-celled organism. This single-celled organism must have
been very basic with few anatomical structures, information (in the
form of DNA), or chemical pathways, etc. Therefore, according to
an evolutionist this very basic organism must have continually,
over millions of years, become more and more complex, until it
produced the extremely complex organisms we see today. This
required building process for evolution though, is not in agreement
with the Second Law. The Second Law explains how organisms
are in a state of decline and how they are continually becoming
more disordered and disorganized. Evolution demands an upward
movement from basic to complex while the Second Law demands
~ 71 ~

a downward movement from complex to basic. Obviously, both of
these processes cannot be functioning at the same time or they
would negate each other and according to the Law of Non-
Contradiction, one of these explanations must be invalid. The
Second Law is one of the most understood and observed laws in all
of science and its consistency in all known realms of science make
it a trustworthy law. Unfortunately, the same cannot be said about
evolution. The Second Law states conclusively that complexity
must have existed from the beginning, not built gradually.
Complexity from the beginning not only supports the biblical
explanation of creation but also is confirmed by science itself, in
the Law of Biogenesis (see the next section).

~ 72 ~

Figure 3:4 Compare the two graphs above. Notice that the evolutionary model
and the Creation model are directly opposite of each other. The Second Law of
Thermodynamics clearly supports the Creation model and opposes the
evolutionary model. .

Life Comes From Life (Omne Vivum Ex Vivo)

There is one last law that demands some mention as it relates to the
origin of life. As has been discussed previously, evolutionists
believe that life came from non-living matter. This is a direct
violation of the Law of Biogenesis, which states that life arises
from pre-existing life, not from nonliving material. The Law of
Biogenesis is an extension of the Law of Cause-and-Effect, in this
~ 73 ~

case, “like begets like”. Evolutionists have been forced to propose
fairy-tale like stories in order to violate this law. “The evolutionist
faces a great temptation here, a serious stumbling block to his
faith. It seems utterly impossible that dead matter could create life.
At this point, surely, he will have to defer to logic and
acknowledge that life must be produced by a Cause which is itself
alive. After all, scientists long ago showed experimentally that life
comes only from life. Ah, but not so! The evolutionist's faith is
strong enough to surmount even this barrier.” 18

As has been shown, evolution is a theory that is contrary to many
established laws of science; therefore, it should be examined
critically before one believes in its premises. It is not the purpose
of this book to identify all of the weaknesses in evolutionary
theory (for which there are many) nor give a long list of evidences
in favor of biblical creation (for which there are many), but to
show the validity and accuracy of the Bible and the dependency of
science upon it. Evidence itself can be twisted and turned to one's
own worldview and so evidence is a very subjective sort of proof.
Nevertheless, in the next few paragraphs several key evidences
will be examined and in the end you will see that the biblical
creation model far exceeds any evolutionary explanation for the
same phenomenon.

Biblical Kinds

It is a fact of common observation that organisms are very similar
in structure and function. We observe that mammals are all
similar, birds are all similar, frogs are all similar, and so on. Not
~ 74 ~

Knowing the Unknown God by Andrew McCaskill

Knowing the Unknown God by Andrew McCaskill

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