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English Assiggment
Name:
Rama Ari Friyanto
Yogie Prakasa
Zulkarnain
Adek report
Orangutans are large apes that live in southeast Asia (on
the islands of Borneo and Sumatra). These apes mostly
live in trees (they are arboreal) and swing from branch to
branch using their arms.
The word orangutan means "man of the forest" in the
Malay language. As its habitats are being usurped by
man, the orangutan's population is decreasing and it is in
grave danger of extinction.
ANATOMY

Orangutans have a large, bulky body, a thick neck,
very long, strong arms, short, bowed legs, and no
tail. Orangutans are about 2/3 the size of the gorilla.
Hair:
They are mostly covered with long reddish-brown
hair.
The Head:
The orangutan has a large head with a prominent
mouth area. Adult males have large cheek flaps
(which get larger as the ape ages).
BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL HABITS

Orangutans are shy, solitary animals that are active during the
day (they are diurnal). They live alone in large territories. This is
probably due to their eating habits; they need a large area in
order to get enough food and too many orangutans in one area
might lead to starvation.
The only long-lasting orangutan social group is the mother and
offspring, who live together for about 7 years. When mating,
the male and female orangutan stay together for only a few
days.
HABITAT
Orangutans live in tropical rain forests.

DISTRIBUTION
Orangutans live in Asia. They are the only great ape from
Asia. They are found in tropical rain forests in northern
Sumatra, Indonesia and in low-lying swamps in Borneo.


REPRODUCTION AND BABY ORANGUTANS
Orangutans are mature and capable of reproducing
beginning when they are 7 to 10 years old. Females are
pregnant for 8.5 to 9 months and give birth to a single
baby. Young orangutans are weaned from their mothers
at about 6-7 years of age.
The National Monument (Indonesian: Monumen
Nasional (Monas)) is a 433 ft (132 metre) tower in
the centre of Merdeka Square, Central Jakarta,
symbolizing the fight for Indonesia's independence.
Construction began in 1961 under the direction of
President Sukarno and the monument was opened
to the public in 1975. It is topped by a flame
covered with gold foil. The monument and the
museum is open daily from 08.00 - 15.00 Western
Indonesia Time (UTC+7), everyday throughout the
week, except for the last Monday of each month,
when the monument is closed.
After the Indonesian government returned to Jakarta
from Yogyakarta in 1950 following the Dutch recognition of
Indonesian independence, President Sukarno began to
contemplate the construction of a national monument
comparable to the Eiffel Tower on the square in front of the
Presidential Palace. On 17 August 1954, a National
Monument Committee was established and a design
competition was held in 1955.
     This attracted 51 entries, but only one design, by
Frederich Silaban, met any of the criteria determined by the
committee, which included reflecting the character of
Indonesia in a building capable of lasting for centuries. A
repeat competition was held in 1960, but once again, none of
the 136 entries met the criteria.
The chairman of the jury team then asked Silaban to
show his design to Sukarno. However, Sukarno did not like the
design as he wanted the monument to be in the form of a
linga and yoni. Silaban was asked to design such a monument,
but his design was for a monument so large that it would have
been unaffordable given the economic conditions at the time.
        Silaban refused to design a smaller monument,
suggesting that construction be delayed until the Indonesian
economy improved. Sukarno then asked the architect R.M.
Soedarsono to continue with the design. Soedarsono
incorporated the numbers 17, 8 and 45, representing the 17
August 1945 Proclamation of Indonesian Independence, in the
dimensions of the monument.
Construction

         Construction proceeded in three stages. The first period, from
1961/1962–1964/1965 began with the official start of construction on
17 August 1961 with Sukarno ceremonially driving in the first concrete
pile. A total of 284 piles were used for the foundation block. A further
360 piles were driven in for the museum foundations, with work being
completed in March 1962. The walls of the museum in the base were
completed by October. Construction of the obelisk than commenced
and was finished in August 1963. Work in the second stage, from 1966
to 1968 was delayed by shortages of funding and the aftermath of the
30 September Movement coup attempt.
         In the final phase, from 1969–1976, the dioramas for the
historical museum were added. Problems remained once construction
was complete, and work was needed to solve problems with water
leaking into the museum. The monument was officially opened to the
public on 12 July 1975.[4][5] The location of the construction site is
known as Merdeka Square
Designer PP
 Rama Ari Friyanto & assisten
Terima Kasih ^^
    Tak Lupa Kepada :
Dan Pendidik –Materi
       Sumber Pendidik Kami
Teman – Teman 17Agust 11
 Google Search at Tersayang
   Keluarga Kami
  Tuhan Yang Maha Esa
Seluruh Fans Kami
     Pengumpul Materi
        Zulkarnain

         Ide Kreatif
        Yogie Praksa

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Adek report

  • 1. English Assiggment Name: Rama Ari Friyanto Yogie Prakasa Zulkarnain
  • 3. Orangutans are large apes that live in southeast Asia (on the islands of Borneo and Sumatra). These apes mostly live in trees (they are arboreal) and swing from branch to branch using their arms. The word orangutan means "man of the forest" in the Malay language. As its habitats are being usurped by man, the orangutan's population is decreasing and it is in grave danger of extinction.
  • 4. ANATOMY Orangutans have a large, bulky body, a thick neck, very long, strong arms, short, bowed legs, and no tail. Orangutans are about 2/3 the size of the gorilla. Hair: They are mostly covered with long reddish-brown hair. The Head: The orangutan has a large head with a prominent mouth area. Adult males have large cheek flaps (which get larger as the ape ages).
  • 5. BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL HABITS Orangutans are shy, solitary animals that are active during the day (they are diurnal). They live alone in large territories. This is probably due to their eating habits; they need a large area in order to get enough food and too many orangutans in one area might lead to starvation. The only long-lasting orangutan social group is the mother and offspring, who live together for about 7 years. When mating, the male and female orangutan stay together for only a few days.
  • 6. HABITAT Orangutans live in tropical rain forests. DISTRIBUTION Orangutans live in Asia. They are the only great ape from Asia. They are found in tropical rain forests in northern Sumatra, Indonesia and in low-lying swamps in Borneo. REPRODUCTION AND BABY ORANGUTANS Orangutans are mature and capable of reproducing beginning when they are 7 to 10 years old. Females are pregnant for 8.5 to 9 months and give birth to a single baby. Young orangutans are weaned from their mothers at about 6-7 years of age.
  • 7. The National Monument (Indonesian: Monumen Nasional (Monas)) is a 433 ft (132 metre) tower in the centre of Merdeka Square, Central Jakarta, symbolizing the fight for Indonesia's independence. Construction began in 1961 under the direction of President Sukarno and the monument was opened to the public in 1975. It is topped by a flame covered with gold foil. The monument and the museum is open daily from 08.00 - 15.00 Western Indonesia Time (UTC+7), everyday throughout the week, except for the last Monday of each month, when the monument is closed.
  • 8. After the Indonesian government returned to Jakarta from Yogyakarta in 1950 following the Dutch recognition of Indonesian independence, President Sukarno began to contemplate the construction of a national monument comparable to the Eiffel Tower on the square in front of the Presidential Palace. On 17 August 1954, a National Monument Committee was established and a design competition was held in 1955. This attracted 51 entries, but only one design, by Frederich Silaban, met any of the criteria determined by the committee, which included reflecting the character of Indonesia in a building capable of lasting for centuries. A repeat competition was held in 1960, but once again, none of the 136 entries met the criteria.
  • 9. The chairman of the jury team then asked Silaban to show his design to Sukarno. However, Sukarno did not like the design as he wanted the monument to be in the form of a linga and yoni. Silaban was asked to design such a monument, but his design was for a monument so large that it would have been unaffordable given the economic conditions at the time. Silaban refused to design a smaller monument, suggesting that construction be delayed until the Indonesian economy improved. Sukarno then asked the architect R.M. Soedarsono to continue with the design. Soedarsono incorporated the numbers 17, 8 and 45, representing the 17 August 1945 Proclamation of Indonesian Independence, in the dimensions of the monument.
  • 10. Construction Construction proceeded in three stages. The first period, from 1961/1962–1964/1965 began with the official start of construction on 17 August 1961 with Sukarno ceremonially driving in the first concrete pile. A total of 284 piles were used for the foundation block. A further 360 piles were driven in for the museum foundations, with work being completed in March 1962. The walls of the museum in the base were completed by October. Construction of the obelisk than commenced and was finished in August 1963. Work in the second stage, from 1966 to 1968 was delayed by shortages of funding and the aftermath of the 30 September Movement coup attempt. In the final phase, from 1969–1976, the dioramas for the historical museum were added. Problems remained once construction was complete, and work was needed to solve problems with water leaking into the museum. The monument was officially opened to the public on 12 July 1975.[4][5] The location of the construction site is known as Merdeka Square
  • 11. Designer PP Rama Ari Friyanto & assisten Terima Kasih ^^ Tak Lupa Kepada : Dan Pendidik –Materi Sumber Pendidik Kami Teman – Teman 17Agust 11 Google Search at Tersayang Keluarga Kami Tuhan Yang Maha Esa Seluruh Fans Kami Pengumpul Materi Zulkarnain Ide Kreatif Yogie Praksa