1. 427-302 Methods of Social
Sciences Research

3. •
• CTT
• Reliability
• Validity
•
SPSS

4. ?
•
•

5. (Measure) (Attribute) (Object) (Number)
, . .

6. (Measure) (Attribute) (Object) (Number)
,
(Test, Measure) (Construct Variable) (Subject) (Variable Values)

7. TOEFLS
JDI
(Job Description (Job Satisfaction)
Index)

8. • (Items)
•
(Measure or Test)

9. •
•

10. • (Objectivity)
• (Difficulty)
• (Discrimination)

11. Objectivity
Subject Reality
Object
Subjectivity
Reality
Subject
Reality
Object
Subject

12. • (Reliability)
• (Validity)

13. Review of Classical Test Theory
• Variance
o True Scores
o Errors

14. Observed Scores
• 75 = 70 + 5
• 80 = 70 + 10

15. True Scores
• Reliability
o Var (T) / Var (X)
o Var (T) / Var (T) + Var (E)
• Reliabilty = Rx1x2

16. Errors
• Systematic Error
• Random Error

17. Random Error

18. Systematic Error

19. Reliability VS. Validity
• Reliabilty = True Score + Systematic Error
= T + ES
• Validity = True Score
=T

20. Reliability VS. Validity

21. Reliability VS. Validity

22. Reliability
• Stability (Times)
• Equivalence (Forms)
• Consistency (Items)

23. Test-Retest

24. Stability (Times)
• Test-Retest

25. Parallel Form

26. Inter-Rater

27. Equivalence (Forms)
• Parallel Form
2
• Inter-Rater
2

28. Consistency (Items)
• Average Inter-Item Correlation
• Average Item-Total Correlation
• Split-Half Correlation
• Cronbach's Alpha

29. Average Inter-Item Correlation

30. Average Item-Total Correlation

31. Split-Half Correlation

32. Cronbach’ s Alpha

33. Cronbach’ s Alpha
• Cronbach's Alpha

34. (Validity)
•
(Research Validity)
• (Measurement
Validity)

35. Research Validity

36. Classicial Classification of
Validity
• (Face Validity)
• Content Validity
• Criterion-Related Validity
• Construct Validity

37. (Face Validity)
•

38. Content Validity
•

39. Criterion-Related Validity
•
• 2 Concurrent Validity
Predictive Validity

40. Concurrent Validity
•
•

41. Predictive Validity
•
•
3

42. Construct Validity
•
•

43. Construct Validity

44. Validity
•
o Face Validity
o Content Validity
•
o Concurrent Validity
o Predictive Validity
•
o Construct Validity

45. SPSS

46. •
•

47. • (Objectivity)
• (Difficulty)
• (Discrimination)

48. •
• Pretest

49. • (Percent)

50. • Item-Total Correlation
• Corrected Item-Total Correlation
• t-test -

51. • Reliability
• Validity

52. Reliability
• Correlation
o Test-Retest
o Parallel Forms
o Split Half
• Cronbach's Alpha

53. Validity
•
• Known-Group Technique t-test
• Correlation
• Factor Analysis (EFA vs CFA)
• Multitrait-Multimethod Matrix (MTMM)

54. EFA
X1 e1
F1 X2 e2
X3 e3
X4 e4
F2 X5 e5
X6 e6
X7 e7
F3 X8 e8
X9 e9

55. CFA
X1 e1
F1 X2 e2
X3 e3
X4 e4
F2 X5 e5
X6 e6
X7 e7
F3 X8 e8
X9 e9

56. Multitrait-Multimethod Matrix