Android Workshop

Android Workshop
Android application development &
connectivity to Arduino

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Workshop Topics

1. Introduction to Android
2. Hello World!
3. Application Fundamentals
4. User Interfaces
5. Bluetooth

Introduction

• Linux Kernel
• Application Framework
• Dalvik Virtual Machine
• App distributed as an .apk
• Ten billion apps downloaded

Introduction: Development Process

Introduction: Resources

• http://developer.android.com
• http://stackoverﬂow.com/
• http://www.google.com/

Hello World: Installing SDK

1. Install Eclipse - the IDE
http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/packages/eclipse-classic-371/indigosr1

2. Install Android SDK
http://developer.android.com/sdk/index.html

Guide from http://developer.android.com/sdk/installing.html


3. Install Android ADT Plugin for Eclipse
http://developer.android.com/sdk/eclipse-adt.html#installing

a. Eclipse > Help > Install new software

b. Add repository https://dl-ssl.google.com/android/eclipse/

c. Select “Developer Tools”

d. Next, next, next and ﬁnish!



4. Setup ADT Plugin
a. Ecplise > Preferences > Android

b. Point to your Android ADK Location (from step 2)


Hello World: Create

• File > New > Android Project

Hello World: Run

• Run > Run as > Android Application
• If running on actual device, do this ﬁrst:
Settings > Applications > Development and turn on USB debugging

Now you see “Hello World”, let’s look at the code..

Fundamentals

• 4 components
1. Activity
2. Service
3. ContentProvider
4. BroadcastReceiver

Fundamentals: Activity

• Launch an Activity by calling
startActivity(intent)

Launch a known Activity
Intent intent = new Intent(this, SignInActivity.class);
startActivity(intent);

Initiate a system launch
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, recipientArray);
startActivity(intent);


• Activities form a stack
• Functions to handle events:
onCreate, onResume, onPause, etc


• Activity must be declared in AndroidManifest.xml

<manifest ... >
<application ... >
<activity android:name=".ExampleActivity" />
...
</application ... >
...
</manifest >

Fundamentals: Service

• Service or Thread ?

• Service runs in the background, even when user is not
interacting with your app.

• To start, call startService()

• Similar to Activity, has its lifecycle and various event
callbacks.

Fundamentals: ContentProvider

• A way to share data across applications,
including apps such as phonebook,
calendar, etc.
• In other words, you can access the
phonebook using a ContentProvider
• Have query, insert, delete methods (SQLite)
ContentResolver cr = getContentResolver();
cr.query(“content://android.provider.Contacts.Phones.CONTACT_URI”,
projection,
selection, selectionArg,
sortOrder)

Fundamentals: ContentProvider

Let’s look at a sample code

User Interfaces

• 2 ways to construct UI
1. XML
2. Code

User Interfaces: XML
/res/layout/main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
>
<TextView
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/hello"
/>
</LinearLayout>

@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
}

User Interfaces: Code

package com.example.helloandroid;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class HelloAndroid extends Activity {
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
TextView tv = new TextView(this);
tv.setText("Hello, Android");
setContentView(tv);
}
}

View Hierarchy

ViewGroup: Layout or container view
View: Android UI component, view or widgets

UI Views

• Look at “Hello View” tutorial
• http://developer.android.com/resources/tutorials/views/index.html

• Also look at “Api Demo” sample code

User Interfaces

• Common UI Patterns
http://www.androidpatterns.com/

Bluetooth

• Bluetooth Modem, aka BlueSMiRF Gold, aka Fireﬂy

• http://www.sparkfun.com/products/582

• Speciﬁcations
• Extremely small
• Operating Voltage: 3.3V-6V
• Serial communications: 2400-115200bps

Bluetooth: The Pins

• Pins from left to right
• GND
• CTS-1
• VCC
• TX-0
• RX-1
• RTS-0

Bluetooth: Connect to Android

• A guide from instructables.com
http://www.instructables.com/id/Android-talks-to-Arduino/?ALLSTEPS

• !!! NOTE: Arduino version 1.0 does not work with
the libraries. Download version 0023 instead
http://arduino.cc/en/Main/Software


1. Connect from Bluetooth modem to Arduino
• VCC to +3.3V
• GND to GND
• TX-0 to PIN-2 (RX)
• RX-1 to PIN-3 (TX)

If works, you will see a red LED blinking


2. Import NewSoftSerial library to Arduino
• Provides an interrupt architecture (vs SoftwareSerial)

• Copy /Library/NewSoftSerial to:

• Mac: ~/Documents/Arduino/libraries/

• Windows: My DocumentsArduinolibraries

• Instructions on how to use at http://arduiniana.org/libraries/
newsoftserial/

You will see NewSoftSerial in Sketch > Import Library >


3. Upload sketch to Arduino
• /Sample Code/bluetooth/bluetooth.pde


4. Open BluetoothChat, an Android sample app
• File > New > Android Project

• Select target Android 2.3.3

• Create project from existing sample > BluetoothChat > Finish

• In BluetoothChatService, change the UUID to
"00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"

• Build and deploy to phone


5. To send a message
• Pair up: Settings > Wireless & network > Bluetooth > Select FireFly-xxxx.
Password is 1234.

• Connect: Open BluetoothChat app. Press Menu > Connect > FireFly-xxxx

• When connected, Bluetooth modem will have green light

• Type a message and send. If success, PIN 13 will light up for 5 sec.


6. Change baud rate to 57,000
• Refer to http://www.instructables.com/id/Change-BAUD-rate-on-BlueSMiRF-
Gold/

• Need FTDI Basic chip..

USB Host Shield

A guide from circuitathome

Android Workshop

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