Presentation explains the features that php5 has to offer.

1. PHP Foundations
Rafael Corral, Lead Developer 'corePHP'
CMS Expo 2011

2. What is New
 Object model
 Assignments and Object Copying
 Constructors
 Standard PHP Library (SPL)
 New Functions / Extensions
 Much More.. .

3. Object Model
 Completely rewritten
 Reference
 Visibility
 OO Classes
 Constants
 Magicness
 __autoload

4. Passed by Reference
 All objects are now passed by reference
 To copy an object use the clone keyword
 Stop using the & operator
http://us.php.net/manual/en/language.oop5.references.php!

5. Class Properties
Constant Static
 Per-class basis  Can be applied to variables
 Accessed by :: operator and methods
 No $ symbol to access  $this cannot be used within a
 The value must be an static method
expression only  Static variables are shared
 No initialization required between subclasses
 No initialization required
http://php.net/manual/en/language.oop5.constants.php! http://php.net/manual/en/language.oop5.static.php!

6. Visibility
 Class methods and properties now have visibility
 Three levels of visibility
 Public
 Most visible, anyone can access. Read/Write
 Protected
 Access by subclasses, parent and itself
 Private
 Access only by class itself
http://php.net/manual/en/language.oop5.visibility.php!

8. Construct or Destruct
 Unified constructor/destructor names
 Prefixed by two (2) underscores (__)
 __construct()
 Method works the same as on PHP4
 Backwards Compatible
 __destruct()
 All references to object are destroyed
 Script shutdown phase
 To run parents, one must use parent::__construct()
http://php.net/manual/en/language.oop5.constants.php!

10. Abstract Classes
 Cannot be initiated
 Used as a blue print for other classes to extend
 Any class with abstract methods, must be abstract
 Subclasses must declare abstract methods from parent
 These must be defined with less or equal visibility
http://php.net/manual/en/language.oop5.abstract.php!

12. Interfaces
 Used to design APIs
 Defines the methods a class should implement
 Not a blueprint but a way to standardize an API
 A Class can implement any number of them
 Unlike extending to only one
 All methods must be public
 Methods don’t have any content defined
http://php.net/manual/en/language.oop5.interfaces.php!

13. cont... Interfaces
 Use implement operator implement in class
 Use interface to declare interface
 A Class can implement more than one interface
 Interfaces can be extended with extend
 Implemented interfaces cannot share function names
 Interfaces can have constants just like classes

15. Magic Methods
 These methods are called “automatically”
 These are prefixed by two (2) underscores (__)
 __construct, __destruct, __call, __callStatic, __get, __set,
__isset, __unset, __sleep, __wakeup, __toString, __invoke,
__set_state and __clone
http://php.net/manual/en/language.oop5.magic.php!

16. More Magicness
 __sleep and __wakeup
 Run before Object is serialized/
unserialized
 __toString
 Run when class is converted to
string
 __call and __callStatic
 Run when invoking inaccessible
methods

17. Finality
 PHP5 introduces the final keyword
 Can be applied to methods and classes
 For methods -
 It prevents subclasses from overriding them
 For classes -
 States that it is the final class, no subclasses
http://php.net/manual/en/language.oop5.final.php!

18. Finality

19. __autoload()
 Used to automatically load PHP files
 Runs when PHP encounters an undefined class
 Can be useful instead of having many include()’s
 The SPL library contains a similar function
http://php.net/manual/en/language.oop5.final.php!

20. Standard PHP Library
 Functions to solve problems
 Class Implements
 Class Parents
Just cool functions

21. About
 The SPL library is a collection of interfaces and classes
 These are meant to help solve standard problems
http://www.php.net/manual/en/intro.spl.php!

22. Some Functions
 class_implements( mixed $class )
 Returns all interfaces implemented by a class
 class_parents( mixed $class )
 Returns all parent classes for a given class
 spl_autoload_register([ callback $autoload_function ])
 Better than using __autload()
 Can register multiple functions to load class files
http://www.php.net/manual/en/ref.spl.php!

23. ArrayObject
 Turns an array into an object
 This class contains helpful functions such as:
 Counting elements
 Finding a key
 Get key
 Set key
 Unset key
http://www.php.net/manual/en/class.arrayobject.php!

24. SplFileInfo
 OO Class to get information about an individual file
 Some included functions are:
 Last access time
 Base name
 Target of a link
 Get owner/permissions
 Size/File type
 If directory
 isReadable/isWritable
http://www.php.net/manual/en/class.splfileinfo.php!

25. Other Features
Misc.
 Type Hinting
 Exceptions
 foreach By-Reference
 New Functions
 New Extensions

26. Type Hinting
 Enforce the type of variable passed to functions
 Functions and Class functions
 Can only be used for classes or arrays (at this time)
 No other scalar types (integer, string)
 If null is the default parameter value
 It is allowed as an argument
http://www.php.net/manual/en/class.splfileinfo.php!

28. Exceptions
 Exceptions are just errors
 Used to catch exceptions
 Gain control over error notices
 Use when executing “risky” code
 They work similar to other programming languages
 Each try{} must have a corresponding catch{} block
http://php.net/manual/en/language.exceptions.php!

30. E_strict
 In PHP5 a new error level is introduced E_STRICT
 It is not included within E_ALL
 Value 2048
 To call it: error_reporting( E_ALL ^ E_STRICT );
 Triggered when using deprecated code
 Useful in development environment
http://us3.php.net/manual/en/errorfunc.configuration.php#ini.error-reporting!

31. foreach by-reference
 Reference to value while looping through foreach
 Careful:
 After foreach is done reference won’t go away
 Use unset to remove reference
http://us2.php.net/foreach!

33. New Functions
 array_combine()
 array_walk_recursive()
 time_nanosleep()
 str_split()
 strpbrk()
 substr_compare()
 curl_copy_handle()
 file_put_contents()
 get_headers()
 headers_list()
 http_build_query()
 php_strip_whitespace()
 scandir()
 a lot more...
http://php.net/manual/en/migration5.functions.php!

34. New Extensions
 Simple XML
 Processing of XML (pretty simple)
 DOM and XSL
 Building XML/XSL files
 Hash Functions
 Library of hash functions (more than md5 or sha1)

35. Compatibility
 array_merge()
 Gives error if one of the parameter is not an array
 array_merget( (array) $var1, (array) $var2 );
 To copy objects you must use the clone keyword
 get_class(), get_parent_class(), get_class_methods()
 Are not case sensitive
 An object with no properties is no longer considered “empty”
 strpos() and strripos()
 Now use the entire string as a needle

36. Let go of PHP4 and start developing in PHP5

37. Questions?

38. Thank You!
Rafael Corral!
Email: rafael@corephp.com!
Skype: rafa.corral!