Rural Energy Development and Education of China
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Presentation made by Li Jingming at the Biennial Conference 2012.
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Rural Energy Development and Education of China
- 1. Rural Energy Development and Education of China Li Jingming Director, Division of Renewable Energy Rural Energy and Environment Agency (REEA) Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) 2012.09.25 RUFORUM Uganda
- 2. Outline Government’s High Concern Policy Support Planning and Guidance Standard Specifications Technological Progress Training and Education Conclusions
- 3. Unit: 105TEC Rural Energy Consumption in China 60000 50000 LPG Bi ogas 40000 Ol i 30000 El ect r i ci t y 20000 Coal Fuel wood 10000 St r aw 0 1996 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 During 1996 ~ 2008, energy consumption for daily life in the rural areas
- 4. Rural Energy Consumption in China Bi ogas 2% Coal Fuel wood 34% 17% St r aw El ec 34% 5% Ol i 4% LPG 4%
- 5. 提纲 Biomass Wind 能源需求消费情况 农村生活节能技术 农业生产节能技术 有关问题探讨 几点结论 Hydro Solar
- 7. Regulations The Central Document No.1 from 2004 to 2012 Agriculture Law Renewable Energy Law Animal Husbandry Law Energy Conservation Law Circular Economy Promotion Law Energy Law Local Legislations (more than 10 provinces)
- 8. Policy Support Guide Directory for Renewable Energy Industry Development (2005) Management regulations for electricity generation from renewable energy (2006) Tentative management measures for price and sharing of expenses for electricity generation from renewable energy (2006) Temporary measures of additional income regulation of renewable energy power (2007) Management regulations for electricity generation price from biomass (2010)
- 9. Policy support Interim Measures on Special Fund Management for Development of Renewable Energy (2006) Proposals for Implementation of Tax Support Policy on Development of Bio-energy and Bio- chemical Industry (2006) Opinion on Accelerating and Advancing Comprehensive Utilization of Crop Straw (2008) Interim Measures for Management of Straw Energy Utilization Subsidies (2008) Management Approach of Distributed Energy System for Generation (to be determined)
- 10. Capital Investment (unit ： 104RMB) 600000 500000 400000 300000 200000 100000 0 1997 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 In a past decade, more than 28.5 billion RMB (~ 4.5 billion US Dollar) investment came from central governmental investment
- 11. Capital Investment unit ： % 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
- 12. Planning and Guidance Middle and long term program of Renewable Energy Development Plan (2005-2020); National Rural Biogas Construction Plan (2010-2015); National Agricultural Biomass Industry Development Plan (2005-2015); Energy Revitalization Plan (2010-2020).
- 13. Planning and Guidance By 2010, there will be totally 40 million rural household biogas digesters and 4000 new large- scale biogas projects, with the annual biogas of 16 billion m3; By 2020, there will be totally 80 million rural household biogas digesters and more than 8000 large scale biogas projects, reaching an annual utilization volume of biogas of 44 billion cubic meters.
- 14. Standard Specification 96 rural energy standards are promulgated and implemented by MOA, including biogas, biomass, solar, wind and micro-hydro, as well as energy conservation, such as improved stove; The standards are involving not only product/equipment technical formulation but also testing measurement; There are about 10 rural energy testing and certification centers; Both National Biogas Standard Committee (SAC/TC 515) has been established and ISO Biogas Standard Committee (ISO/TC 255) has been applied successfully in 2011.
- 15. Training and Education Setting rural energy special courses in agricultural universities; Preparation of training materials; Preparation of radio/TV programs and CD/DVD Rom; Organizing training courses to different trainees (trainer, skilled technician and farmer) at different levers (province, county, township).
- 16. There are 39.96 million rural household digesters, with annual biogas production of 13.8 billion m3, beneficial population reaches 150 million.
- 17. There are 80896 intensive livestock and poultry breeding farms and biogas projects, with annual biogas production of 1.713 billion cubic meters.
- 18. Solar Water Heater: 6104 m2; Passive Solar House: 2236 m2; Solar Cooker: 179 sets.
- 19. Small wind power: 0.11 million farmers, 35.3 MW SHS: ~0.28 million Micro-hydro households, 13.6 generator: 36.6 MW thousand sets, 106MW
- 23. Conclusions and Suggestions China rural development is benefited from the government’s concern and support, including policy and investment input; China has a lot of experiences on technical innovation, human resource and product development of rural energy; We have many international cooperation and also would like to learn from other countries; China has given its assistant to Africa for long history (training course in China and demonstration projects in African countries) and would like to share our experiences in the future.
- 24. Thanks : 86 10 59196395 : 86 10 59196399 : lijingm@agri.gov.cn ENERGY ECOLOGY ENVIRONMENT ECONOMY EDUCATION
Hinweis der Redaktion
- 12/04/12 This chart show you that the energy consumption in rural areas for farmers’ life has been increased year by year in recent years. It means that more and more energy needed. But unfortunately, it is difficult to meet energy consumption in rural areas by normal fossil fuel. In the past, a few farmers had to collect fuelwood by very long distance. It was not only inconvenient but also very danger.
- 12/04/12 This chart show you that the energy consumption in rural areas for farmers’ life has been increased year by year in recent years. It means that more and more energy needed. But unfortunately, it is difficult to meet energy consumption in rural areas by normal fossil fuel. In the past, a few farmers had to collect fuelwood by very long distance. It was not only inconvenient but also very danger.
- Till end of the year of 2002, there were more than 11 million farmer household biogas digesters installed. Generally, the digester should be built in the family who must have pigs or other animal, for example cow, chicken and sheep. Because digester need enough materials for anaerobic digestion. After fully digestion, biogas could be produced from the digester, and used for cooking and lighting.
- Now more and more managers of animal farm consider that the waste from the animal farm must be treated, and it is more cheaper by anaerobic treatment than aerobic way. Therefore, about 1350 animal farms have established large and medium biogas engineering. The biogas from the farm could be transmitted to the farmer house by the central supply pipe system, or could be used as gas fuel for generation or burning.
- I would like to say that solar thermal technologies and facilities are the most wide commercialized utilization in rural areas. They include solar water heater, solar cooker and passive solar house. You can find that the solar water heaters have been installed around all country, not only in countryside but also in the cities. But normally, passive solar houses have been used in the north part of China. The temperature in these areas is very cold in the winter, it is usually below zero. Perhaps the temperature could be kept more than 10 degree centigrade in the day if you have a solar house without other heating equipment. Therefore, many schools build their solar buildings in north part of China. The other solar thermal technology is solar cooker. They are usually used in the northwest part and Tibet. When will you travel to these places by the air, you can see on the aircraft many very light points from the land. That are the solar cookers.
- Till now, there are about 20 million people without electricity. Most of them are living in rural and remote areas where it is too difficult to develop the grid. Fortunately, most of these areas have rich renewable energy, such as solar, wind and hydro. Therefore several kinds of small and home renewable system have been installed in terms of local resources. The farmers could use the power for cooking, lighting and heating, even for their family production. In addition, they also can listen to the radio and watch TV, so that they could get more education opportunities and learn more information from outside. As the result, they could get more benefit and improve their life.
- 12/04/12 This situation also have happened in the kitchen. It is very clear and bright, But in the past, kitchen was smoke and dark. Nobody like to prepare food every day in the kitchen.
- 12/04/12 But now, the housewife are very happy to do their cooking because she need not go to far away to collect fuel.
- 12/04/12 And their toilet has been changed a lot. The farmers can not only do their No.1 or No.2 jobs but also take bath in clean toilet.
- 12/04/12 At last, I hope that we would have a opportunity to work with all of the participants on rural energy development. Thanks for your attention.