9. Evaluation criteria of creativity
Individualistic
pre-programmed
Interactionist
externalised
Social simulations
emergent, socially-defined
10. soft modelling
(curious, playful)
hard modelling
(ignore indexicality)
11. ”Creative autonomy”
Ability to change without
resorting to:
directly parroting others
purely random drift
12. Multiagent frameworks
Swarm, NetLogo, RePast, Mason...
Inadequate model for ideas
Ideas are dynamic entities
Ideas are human products but also
produce values
13. Theories of (creative) change
Thomas Kuhn
Cumulative anomalies of dominant ideas
Communities ascribe value to new ideas
Joseph Schumpeter
Stages of high competition followed by
disturbances by entrepreneurs
Economic upswings based on increased
differentiation and profits
14. Theories of (creative) change
Edgar Morin
'noosphere': system of ideas
value of dominant ideas embedded in a social
world
Mihalyi Csikszentmihalyi
domain transmits information, person produces
a variation, field selects some variations
15. Theories of (creative) change
Dean Simonton
Critical predictor of recognition is total output
Hi = pTi + ui
Hi : high impact works by person i
p : average hit rate for that domain
Ti : total productivity of person i
ui : random variable with a mean = 0
16. IAS framework
Idea – Agent – Society (IAS)
Method for empirical experimentation
Interplay of cognitive, social and symbolic
dimensions where creativity develops
17. IAS framework
Author Level I Level A Level S Focus
Kuhn Exemplar Proponent Community Validity
Schumpeter Innovation Entrepreneur Market Profits
Morin Noosphere Strong spirit Culture Domestication
Csikszentmihalyi Domain Individual Field Cultural evolution
Simonton Logic Genius Zeitgeist Recognition
Level I Level S
Level A
18. IAS framework
Level I Is/Si Level S
(Ii) (Ss)
Ia/Ai Level A Sa/As
(Aa)
Ia Transmission, language, intellectual property
Ai Mutation, displacement, reinterpretation
As Dissent, promotion, acceptance seeking
Sa Norms, recognition, social influence, conformity
Si Selection, 'gatekeeping'
Is Allegiance, dogmas, anomalies
19. IAS framework
Idea – Agent – Society (IAS)
What is defined algorithmically?
What is expected to be 'grown'?
Non-deterministic rules, bootstraping, threshold
modelling...
Capture non-creative equilibrium trend with
exceptional disruption points
20. IAS framework
Idea – Agent – Society (IAS)
Simulation is not the aim:
- improve our understanding
- assess ideas to test in the lab /field
21. What is creativity?
Where is creativity?
Author How do people and societies
Level I Level A Level S Focus
Kuhn Exemplar Proponent Community Validity
ascribe the creative value?
Schumpeter Innovation Entrepreneur Market Profits
Morin Noosphere Strong spirit Culture Domestication
Csikszentmihalyi Domain Individual Field Cultural evolution
Simonton Logic Genius Zeitgeist Chance
Level I Level S
(Ii) (Ss)
Level A
(Aa)
23. Questions
Claudia Eckert: can you model systems that
distinguish between the idea itself and the way
it is presented?
Interesting, would be a scenario where I and A are
constant, and S-processes are changed to assess
how the way an idea is presented changes its
impact
Mary Lou: What are the scales of these
systems?
Suitable for modelling small groups (as in classroom
studies) and for very large systems of 100ks