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Livability Analyses: Fine Scale
- 2. Contents • Patterns for Growth • Modeling Growth Scenarios • Rural Bicycle Suitability Mapping • Case Study: Houston, Mississippi
- 3. • Rural Growth • What to do when it happens? • How do we plan for growth? Patterns for Growth Method
- 4. Patterns for Growth • Current for rural areas • New development leapfrogs to greenfields • No pedestrian connections • Transportation Efficient Growth • New development is next to old • Pedestrian/bike connection Method
- 5. Patterns for Growth • Low Density, Single Use Zoning • Under 7 dwelling units per acre • No mixed use • Autocentric • Higher density, multi- use zoning • 7 dwelling units per acre and over • Mixed use • Pedestrian Method
- 6. Modeling the Scenarios • Current build-out of growth • Assumes, greenfield, low density development • New pattern of growth • Assumes development in city core, high density Method
- 7. • CommunityViz • ArcGIS based software • Allows building of land-use scenarios • Can measure impacts such as: • Population • Labor force • Dwelling units • Energy use • Tax revenue Modeling with CommunityViz Method
- 8. • All commercial and residential properties geocoded • Zoning and natural hazards are mapped Modeling with CommunityViz Method
- 9. • Current Build Out • CommunityViz “builds out” using existing zoning as a guide • Build out maps produced showing households and density based on continuing existing conditions Modeling with CommunityViz Method
- 10. • New developments conforming to transportation efficient growth principles are placed in model Modeling with CommunityViz Method
- 11. • New Build Out • Build out maps produced showing households and density based on continuing existing conditions Modeling with CommunityViz Method
- 12. • Identify safe and usable roads for rural cycling • Identify roads that can easily become bikeways Bicycle Suitability Method
- 13. • Rural Criteria • Shoulder width • Traffic volume • Posted speed limit • Pavement surface quality Bicycle Suitability Method
- 14. • Need easily available data • DOT • Traffic volume • Posted speed • Google maps • Shoulder width • Pavement conditions • GIS • Road profile Bicycle Suitability Method
- 17. Houston HOUSTON
- 18. City of Houston, MS • One of two county seats in Chickasaw County • City with a population of around 3,600 people • Connected by the Natchez Trace Parkway to the east Houston
- 21. Distance to Town Amenities • Approximately 20 minutes to walk across town. • All of Houston and the Natchez Trace is accessible by bicycle. Houston
- 22. Growth 2010 Population (U.S. Census data) Chickasaw County o17,416 City of Houston o3,623 2025 Population (MS IHL Office of Policy Research and Planning Population Projections) o16,451 (-6%) o10,423 (+288%) Houston
- 23. Base Zoning Residential Build-Out Houston
- 24. Base Zoning Commercial Build-Out Houston
- 25. Difference between Existing and Current Zoning Build-Out Houston
- 27. Difference of New Zoning Build-Out and Base Zoning Build-Out Houston
- 36. Citizen’s Institute on Rural Design Houston
- 37. Citizen’s Institute on Rural Design Houston
- 38. Citizen’s Institute on Rural Design Houston
- 39. Citizen’s Institute on Rural Design Houston
- 40. Citizen’s Institute on Rural Design Houston
- 41. SCENARIO ANALYSES CONDUCTED WITH A LAND USE – TRAVEL DEMAND MODEL (BROAD SCALE)
Hinweis der Redaktion
- While most rural areas are losing populations, there are towns where growth is occurring. Smaller towns are losing population to micropolis. In the comprehensive plan for the city of Tupelo, the estimate is that by 2025 the city will have approximately 52,077 residents consuming around 8,162 acres of new land. With a 2,221 acre annexation, the comprehensive plan has identified 9,462 acres of land, which meets the need for new land but does not leave much left.
- CommunityViz is not easy to use, but it gives detailed results from scenarios.
- The limits of the modeling were the city limits in all cases. The zoning map for the entire town was input. From aerial maps, all the residential and commercial structures in the city limits were geocoded and categorized i.e. single family, multifamily etc. Areas that are in flood zones, steep slopes, parks etc were excluded from the model.
- CommunityViz
- "Recommended Bicycle Suitability Criteria for State Roadways in Texas Literature review of bicycle suitability criteria in 16 different states. “Compatibility of Roads for Cyclists in Rural and Urban Fringe Areas" developed for Quebec, Canada. , Survey of 200 bicyclists asking them to cycle several predetermined segments of road way and then rate those segments. The responses of the cyclists were then used to develop and rate the criteria. Interestingly, the Texas and the Canadian groups findings correlate quite well.
- Criteria are given a value and then weighted 6 to 8 Good, desirable by intermediate to experienced bikers -1 to 5 Fair, could be desirable -5 to -2 Poor, may not be desirable -8 to -5 Unacceptable
- Map rates roads as: Excellent - Green Good - Blue Fair - Black Poor - Red
- Equidistant between Tupelo and Starkville Connection with the Golden Triangle due to close proximity with Starkville Connected to the region by Highways 8 (between Aberdeen and Calhoun City) and 15 (Pontotoc and Mathiston)
- Tanglefoot Trail – In 2013, the Tanglefoot Trail, a 44 mile bicycling and walking trail, opened with the head of the trail in Houston. e trail draws cyclists from not only the entire northeast Mississippi region but nationally as well. The Houston trailhead is located less than ½ a mile west of downtown in a lower income neighborhood with industrial/waste sites. In addition to the Tanglefoot Trail, the Natchez Trace Parkway, a 444 mile scenic drive which is routinely travelled by bicyclists, is located 7 miles from Houston.
- 4 DUA for most of town Two commercial corridors, meeting in the downtown area Roughly 25% multifamily housing The existing zoning in Houston defines two commercial corridors along Highway 8 east to west and Highway 389, north to south. These roads meet at Houston's downtown, which is the nexus of the commercial zones. Existing residential areas fan out from these commercial spines mainly to the east and north of the town. The housing is mostly single family detached with a good proportion of mobile homes; almost a quarter of all residential structures are attached, multifamily dwellings. Areas of higher density ( 7 Dwelling Units per Acre +) are only a few: For the most part, the town has a density of four dwelling units per acre and below
- 7 mile biking buffer (typical commuting distance for bikers) also encompasses the Natchez Trace Parkway.
- New residential is white dots 1,011 more single family residences 23 more multi-family residences 2,800 new residents Spread out on roads throughout the city
- Commercial Build-out occurs along major roads in the white.
- Few concentrated dense areas, lower spread out density.
- The New Zoning Build-Out increases the new single family residences to 2558, an increase of over 250% over the Built-Out of Base Zoning. The number of multifamily housing actually decreases in this scenario due to editing the more random placement that the model creating in the first scenario to 23 buildings. The estimated new residents would be approximately 6,800, about a 240% increase from the Base Scenario. The City of Houston according to the 2010 Census has 3,623 residents, so this would treble the population of the town.
- Density is high for the New Zoning scenario and highly concentrated.
- The New Zoning Build-Out also more carefully places new development. One of the key areas to increase density and amenity are located adjacent to the Tanglefoot Trail. As outlined above, the Tanglefoot Trail provides an opportunity for Houston to attract not only bicycle tourists, but new residents who would find living at the end of a 44 mile bike trail and close to the Natchez Trace very attractive
- . A new development single family homes as well as a new park is proposed to mark the end of the Trail. The park will provide a better defined end for the Trail as well as needed amenities such as parking and restrooms (Figure 3-54). The Park also serves as a focus for the new, pedestrian oriented development. The new development connects with the existing neighborhood and is aligned with the geometry of the city.
- The new development will include sidewalks, bike lanes and denser street oriented, although still single family housing. New residential neighborhood as 7 DUA.
- Other proposals for Houston involve making the downtown area more pedestrian and bike friendly. Watercolor filter.
- . On Washington Street just west of the Courthouse Square, the density of the courthouse square is extended further to allow for more housing and commercial space. Parallel parking, a bike lane and sidewalks make the street more pedestrian friendly and link it to the new neighborhood proposed to the west of the downtown area.
- Around the courthouse square itself, the overly wide streets…
- are proposed to be narrowed to allow for easier pedestrian access and space for events to occur such as markets and festivals.
- To help accomplish these tasks, the city of Houston and the CSTC applied for a Citizen’s Institute on Rural Design (CIRD) award. The CIRD, sponsored by the NEA, supports communities of less than 50,000 people with funding to host community design workshops. The CIRD award is a national competition in which Houston and only four other towns won in 2014.
- The CIRD award allowed the Carl Small Town Center, with the coordination of the Project for Public Spaces, to bring national experts in bicycling facilities, graphic design and public space to Houston for a three day workshop held February 22-24, 2015. The CSTC planned the workshop and brought its student interns to help run the workshop.
- Citizen’s Institute on Rural Design Tanglefoot Trail® National cycling experts helped residents plan routes…
- Signage Connect bicycle tourists on the Tanglefoot Trail® with downtown Houston
- Pavilion to end the Tanglefoot Trail® Was Houston interested in these ideas of higher density? Perhps. More interested in how to take advantage of the Tanglefoot Trail for visitors and residents.