2. CONTENTS FOR OUR
PRESENTAION
I. News 1 - Piaget
II. News 2 - Vygotsky
III. News 3 - Bandura
IV. Talk with the expert
Gyogong Kim - Best Instructional Strategy
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3. NEWS 1
: HOW TO CHOOSE TOYS
NEWS 1 is based on the theory of Piaget
Parents should consider the developmental
stage of their children when choosing toys.
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4. NEWS 1
: HOW TO CHOOSE TOYS
Four stages of
Purpose of toys
development
Sensorimotor stage to facilitate children’s senses
Preoperational stage to express in words and images
Concrete operational stage to think logically by real objects
to conceptualize more abstract
Formal operational stage
and complex factors
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5. NEWS 1
: HOW TO CHOOSE TOYS
Concrete Formal
Sensorimotor Preoperational
operational operational
Mobiles and
Fairy Tales Jigsaw puzzles Board games
Pacifier
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6. NEWS 2
: LEARNING IN CHEONGHAK-DONG
NEWS 2 is based on the theory of Vygotsky
Some students go to a camp where they learn
courtesy and manners during winter break
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7. NEWS 2
: LEARNING IN CHEONGHAK-DONG
In Cheonghak-dong Vygotsky’s theory
Students at seodang help
new student in many ways. Peer instruction
Hunjangnim provides
some assistance to children, Scaffolding
never gives them a full help.
Hunjangnim says that
Zone of proximal
the role of him is helping out children to get the
highest level they can approach. development
Childeren learn not only courtesy and manners
but also chinese traditional ideology, Culture
Confucianism.
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8. NEWS 3
: STORY OF APPRENTICE DOCTORS
NEWS 3 is based on the theory of Bandura
Let’s see how the interns learn from university
hospital
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9. NEWS 3
: STORY OF APPRENTICE DOCTORS
Life of interns Bandura’s theory
Senior doctors Role models
Inspecting the process of
medical operation by senior Observing
doctors
When the other interns get Vicarious reinforcement
compliment or scolding by
answering senior doctor’s
&
question Vicarious punishment
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10. TALK WITH THE EXPERT
: THE BEST INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY
Each instructional theory should be combined.
• Hunjangnim in article 2 uses vicarious
reinforcement & punishment.
• In article 3, the senior doctor give interns
scaffolding like questioning.
Each theory can covers up its disadvantages.
• Strategy for young adults are developed through
Vygotsky and Bandura.
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11. TALK WITH THE EXPERT
: THE BEST INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY
Advantages Disadvantages
Well-organized developmental NOT detailed explanations on
stages for young children children above 11 years old
Recognition of learning through
Does NOT explain in depth
social interactions
Emphasis on self-efficacy Difficult to create in classrooms
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12. Concrete
Sensorimotor Preoperational Formal Operational
Operational
(0-2 years) (2-7 years) (above 11 years)
(7-11 years)
• Object • “Think out • Conservation • Logical reasoning
Permanence loud” of quantity without concrete objects
• “insert-in-the- • Centration • Transitivity • Develop mental operations
mouth” • Reversibility on abstractions
• Reaction to • Classification
external factor • Seriation
Reaction Internal Speech Social Interaction With Higher Level of Social
to external factors Peers and Teachers Interaction
• Finding their career
(observational learning)
- visiting and observing role models
• Learning in depth
- through vicarious reinforcement
• Understanding of globalization
- education on foreign languages
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13. Cognitive Conflict
Bandura’s Theory
Making decisions on their career
Finding their egos
Secondhand experience through observation
Vygotsky’s Theory
An effective study of difficult knowledge through scaffolding
Improving global communication skills
Changing attitude to become a globalized, open-minded person
Learning foreign languages by understanding new culture
Equilibration
