The document discusses research objectives, types, approaches, and outcomes. The goal of research is to produce new knowledge in three forms: exploratory, constructive, and empirical. There are two types of research: primary which collects new data and secondary which summarizes existing research. Research can be quantitative or qualitative, descriptive or critical, large-scale or small-scale, cross-sectional or longitudinal, observational or experimental. Action research is a reflective process to improve problem-solving. Research methods may include correlational studies, comparisons, ethnographies, observations, and case studies. Outcomes include observational indicators, ethnographic descriptions, and measures of motivation and engagement. Methods should match the research questions, and a mixture of methods can provide comprehensive