1. The Art of War
1
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2. Born 181
Yinan, Shandong, China
Died 234, aged 52-53
Wuzhang Plains,
Shaanxi, China
Nicknamed “The Hidden Dragon”
Zhuge Liang ZGL was
considered by historians to be
the most accomplished strategist
in China's turbulent era of
Three Kingdoms
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3. Zhuge Liang holding his trademark feather fan 3ARISE TRAINING & RESEARCH
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4. The origin of his knowledge base in science, statecraft, and art is unknown
to many It has been said that much of his learning was through his own process
of researching and self-teaching Other stories have Zhuge Liang learning from
Pang De Gong a famous educator-thinker of that era
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5. For a while, he dwelled in a thatched cottage in Longzhong a district in the Wo Long Gung ridge
near a town called Xiang Yang , quietly choosing to farm his land in obscurity and making friends
extensively with celebrities, while preparing for the time for displaying his strategic knowledge
Legend states that Liu Bei, then a distant descendent of a royal Han house of minor military
distinction, heard of Zhuge Liang's great wisdom and came three times to his home, requesting that
he become his military advisor
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6. After a long discussion, Zhuge Liang was touched by Liu Bei's sincerity as well as Liu Bei's adoption
of his plan for setting up a kingdom in the west and allying with the state of East Wu at the same
time He immediately pledged his service to Liu Bei and left his home to join Liu Bei's army This
became a major turning point for Liu Bei At that time, Zhuge Liang was 26 and Liu Bei was 47 years
old Together they later established the Shu Han kingdom in the province of Sichuan
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7. Throughout his life, Zhuge Liang vowed to resist the Wei the kingdom founded by his
antagonist Cao Cao and maintain the independence of the Shu, though the state of Wei
had several times more land and people than that of the Shu He later served as prime
minister of Shu Han for Emperor Liu Bei 161-230 AD and his son Liu Chan 207-
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8. » Zhuge Liang was also known as Marquis Wu or Zhuge Wu Hou
» Before a battle was fought, Zhuge Liang would visit the proposed
area of combat years before any battle had even transpired
During the visit, he would investigate the physical features and the
natural timing for that terrain and the disposition and the power of
both sides at that terrain If a battle was fought, understanding the
way to advance and withdraw from that terrain, determining what
are the resources of both sides at that time
» When leading a field army to the battle site, he would always ride
in a four-wheeled carriage
» Stories tell of Zhuge Liang viewing a battle and calling out the
tactical movements of his army from the top plateau of a very high
mountain
» Zhuge Liang was said to always dress as a Taoist hermit, carrying
a white feathered fan
It has been said that there were old Chinese benevolent
associations that would honor the memory of Zhuge Liang by
nicknaming their advisor the White Fan
» The area where Zhuge Liang trained his army can still be found in
the Chongqing region of Fengjie County
Zhuge Liang Trivia
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9. The Temple of the Marquis of Wu in Chengdu, a temple worshipping Zhuge Liang9ARISE TRAINING & RESEARCH
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10. The Marquis Wu Shrine at Yinan, China.
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11. The statue of Marquis Wu at Yinan, China.
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12. The essence that made Zhuge Liang the consummate strategist can be
found
in his quote on the five skills and four desires
The five skills are skill in knowing the disposition and power of enemies,
skill in knowing the ways to advance and withdraw, skill in knowing how
empty
or how full countries are, skill in knowing nature's timing and human
affairs,
and skill in knowing the features of terrain
The four desires are desire for the extraordinary and unexpected in
strategy,
desire for thoroughness in security, desire for calm among the masses,
and
desire for unity of hearts and minds
-Zhuge Liang in The Way of the General
Those who want to be great strategists should heed to the meanings
5 Skills and 4 desires
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13. It discusses the concepts of how a king should govern a
country, how to establish a harmonious relationship
between the king and subjects, how to discern good
advice, how to deploy troops, and the mportance of using
reward and punishment to win the trust of people.
It provides the understanding of both the importance of
leadership and human resource management in running
any strategic organization.
Sixteen Strategies
of Zhuge Liang
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15. #2
Ties between the ruler
and subjects
Let respect and loyalty become
the only set of links between the
ruler and his subjects.
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16. #3
Observing and listening
Be a leader with a good strategic
understanding of the situation at hand
Keep your mind on the game and your
eye on the target 16ARISE TRAINING & RESEARCH
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17. #4
Acceptance of advice
Be receptive and kind to
other people's ideas.
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18. #5
Being perceptive
Be perceptive of all details (large and
small) and make a clear distinction
between the attribute of right and wrong.
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19. #6
Managing people
In order to win people over to
your side, educate them.
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23. #10
Rewards and
punishments
While you reward those who deliver
a clean, efficient administration, you
should punish those who do not
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24. #11
On emotion
Do not make decisions via
emotion.
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30. 1) “Those who are skilled in combat do not become angered, those
who are skilled at winning do not become afraid. Thus the wise
win before they fight, while the ignorant fight to win.”
2) “Nothing is harder to see into than people's nature The sage
looks at subtle phenomena and listens to small voices This
harmonizes the outside with the inside and the inside with the
outside ”
3) “To overcome the intelligent by folly is contrary to the natural
order of things; to overcome the foolish by intelligence is in
accord with the natural order. To overcome the intelligent by
intelligence, however, is a matter of opportunity.”
4) “An enlightened ruler does not worry about people not knowing
him; he worries about not knowing people ”
Quotes from Zhuge Liang
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31. 5) “Nothing is harder to see into than people's nature The sage looks
at
subtle phenomena and listens to small voices This harmonizes the
outside
with the inside and the inside with the outside ”
(from the Records of the Loyal Lord of Warriors)
6) “Detach from emotions and desires; get rid of any fixations.”
7) “The loss of any army is always caused by underestimating the enemy.
Therefore gather information and watch the enemy carefully.”
8) “Good generals select intelligent officers, thoughtful advisors, and
brave subordinates. They oversee their troops like a fierce tiger with
wings.”
9) “You are harmed by decadence when judgment is based on private
views, when forces are mobilized for personal reasons. These
Quotes from Zhuge Liang
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32. 10. To overcome the intelligent by folly is contrary to the natural order of
things; to overcome the foolish by intelligence is in accord with the natural
order To overcome the intelligent by intelligence, however, is a matter of
opportunity There are three avenues of opportunity events, trends, and
conditions When opportunities occur through events but you are unable to
respond, you are not smart When opportunities become active through a
trend and yet you cannot make plans, you are not wise When
opportunities emerge through conditions but you cannot act on them, you
are not bold Those skilled in generalship always achieve their victories by
taking advantage of opportunities
Quotes from Zhuge Liang
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33. 11. an enlightened ruler does not worry about people not knowing him; he
worries about not knowing people He worries not about outsiders not
knowing insiders, but about insiders not knowing outsiders He worries not
about subordinates not knowing superiors, but about superiors not
knowing subordinates He worries not about the lower classes not knowing
the upper classes, but about the upper classes not knowing the lower
classes
Zhuge Liang, circa 200 AD, The Way of the General
Quotes from Zhuge Liang
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34. 12. Opportunistic relationship can hardly be kept
constant The acquaintance of honorable people,
even at a distance, does not add flowers in times
of warmth and does not change its leaves in
times of cold it continues unfading through the
four seasons, becoming increasingly stable as it
passes through ease and danger
Quotes from Zhuge Liang
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