This document provides an overview of blended learning presented by Rob Darrow at an ISTE conference in June 2014. It defines blended learning as a formal education program where students learn through both online and in-person instruction, with some flexibility over time, place, path, and pace of their learning. The document discusses leadership tools for blended learning implementation, including continuums, rubrics, checklists and case studies. It also covers research on blended learning, implementation stages based on Rogers' diffusion of innovations theory, and tools for supporting teachers, with examples of observation rubrics and checklists.

1. Rob Darrow, Ed.D.
President, Online Learning VISIONS.com
ISTE. June 2014
Website: http://robdarrow.wikispaces.com
www.blendedteachernetwork.org

2. Leadership Tools – on WikiLeadership Tools – on Wiki
 ContinuumContinuum
 RubricRubric
 ChecklistChecklist
 Elements of Blended LearningElements of Blended Learning
 Resources / Case StudiesResources / Case Studies
** Adapt and use! **** Adapt and use! **
Website: http://robdarrow.wikispaces.com
www.blendedteachernetwork.org

3. www.blendedteachernetwork.org
Join Today – It’s Free!

4. IntroductionsIntroductions
 A little about you – attended last year?:A little about you – attended last year?:
– TeachersTeachers
– AdministratorsAdministrators
– OtherOther
– K-6; 7-8; 9-12; collegeK-6; 7-8; 9-12; college
 A little about me:A little about me:
– Lifelong Californian – Educated in Ca publicLifelong Californian – Educated in Ca public
schools PreSchool-doctorateschools PreSchool-doctorate
– Consultant, Adjunct, Doc Program, iNACOL,Consultant, Adjunct, Doc Program, iNACOL,
Online charter school principal, schoolOnline charter school principal, school
librarian and teacher (Taught K-8)librarian and teacher (Taught K-8)
– 23 year old daughter23 year old daughter

5. As you think about
a high school class
you took:
What was it
like?

6. Dan Pink.Dan Pink.
A Whole New Mind (2005)A Whole New Mind (2005)
 ““cchangehange is inevitable, andis inevitable, and
when it happens, thewhen it happens, the
wisest response is not towisest response is not to
wail or whine but to suckwail or whine but to suck
it up and deal with itit up and deal with it ..””

7. Purpose:Purpose:
Blended learning,Blended learning,
leadership, research, toolsleadership, research, tools
 Share ideasShare ideas
 Identify one tool or activityIdentify one tool or activity
you can put in place soonyou can put in place soon
 Your leadership directionYour leadership direction

8. Leadership TopicsLeadership Topics
 Defining Terms / ModelsDefining Terms / Models
 Show me the researchShow me the research
 Implementation StagesImplementation Stages
 Tools for supporting teachersTools for supporting teachers
 No Excuses!No Excuses!

9. The “Innovation”The “Innovation”
Defining blended learning.Defining blended learning.

10. Tech-rich = blended

11. Teaching and LearningTeaching and Learning
 What theWhat the studentstudent isis
doing and where thedoing and where the
student is.student is.
 What the teacher is
doing and where the
teacher is.
 What and where the
content is.

12. Blended learning definition
A formal education program in which a
student learns at least in part through
online delivery of instruction and content,
with some element of student control
over time, place, path and/or pace
and
at least in part in a supervised brick-and-
mortar location away from home and the
modalities along each student’s learning path
within a course or subject are connected to
provide an integrated learning experience.
Horn & Staker, 2013

13. Everett Rogers.Everett Rogers.
Diffusion of InnovationsDiffusion of Innovations
(1963)(1963)
““One cannot seekOne cannot seek
knowledge about anknowledge about an
innovation until he orinnovation until he or
she knows it existsshe knows it exists ..””

14. A word about LeadershipA word about Leadership

15. Leadership: Top Down,Leadership: Top Down,
Bottom Up, Inside OutBottom Up, Inside Out
Or Jane
Or Mia
Or Dion
Or Juan
Or Sara

17. There are blended learningThere are blended learning
ModelsModels

18. Emerging blended-learning modelsEmerging blended-learning models
Christensen Institute, 2013

19. @MichaelbHorn Tweet@MichaelbHorn Tweet
“If you cannot identify
the front of the room,
you are probably in a
disruptive / blended classroom”
– #inacol13, Oct. 2013

20. Not About theNot About the
TechnologyTechnology
 Change in teachingChange in teaching
 Change in learningChange in learning
 Change in pedagogyChange in pedagogy
 Change in class organizationChange in class organization
 Things should look different in aThings should look different in a
blended learning environment, moreblended learning environment, more
student centric, more personalizedstudent centric, more personalized
learninglearning

21. But…But…
 Effective and efficient personalizedEffective and efficient personalized
learning cannot exist without thelearning cannot exist without the
use of technologyuse of technology
 A change in teaching, learning, andA change in teaching, learning, and
pedagogy cannot occur without thepedagogy cannot occur without the
use of technologyuse of technology
 The classroom cannot be moreThe classroom cannot be more
student centric without thestudent centric without the
use of technologyuse of technology

22. Blended Learning isBlended Learning is
About…About…
 Rethinking how class is structuredRethinking how class is structured
 How time is usedHow time is used
 How resources are allocatedHow resources are allocated
 Personalizing the learning for allPersonalizing the learning for all
students – better learningstudents – better learning
engagementengagement
 Teachers using data daily toTeachers using data daily to
customize learning for studentscustomize learning for students

23. Show me theShow me the researchresearch!!

24. Research Perspective:Research Perspective:
Can’t study it if it doesn’tCan’t study it if it doesn’t
existexist
 1994 – First K-12 online schools1994 – First K-12 online schools
 2001 – First K-12 online schools report2001 – First K-12 online schools report
 After 2001: “blended learning”After 2001: “blended learning”
 Online Learning:Online Learning: AroundAround 20 years old20 years old
 Blended Learning:Blended Learning: AroundAround 10 years old10 years old

25. What does the researchWhat does the research
say?say?
 Very little because:Very little because:
– ““blended learning” was first definedblended learning” was first defined
in early 2000sin early 2000s
– Takes time to study an innovationTakes time to study an innovation
– Case Studies – always begins theCase Studies – always begins the
researchresearch (see wiki)(see wiki)

26. Case Studies, Part 1Case Studies, Part 1
 Christensen Institute Blended LearningChristensen Institute Blended Learning
Universe:Universe:
http://www.christenseninstitute.org/blended-learninhttp://www.christenseninstitute.org/blended-learnin
//
 Donnell-Kay Foundation:Donnell-Kay Foundation:
http://dkfoundation.org/our-work/blended-learning-http://dkfoundation.org/our-work/blended-learning-
resourcesresources
 Dell Foundation:Dell Foundation:
http://www.msdf.org/programs/urban-education/inithttp://www.msdf.org/programs/urban-education/initi
//

27. Case Studies, Part 2Case Studies, Part 2
 Rogers Family Foundation:Rogers Family Foundation:
http://rogersfoundation.org/our-grantees/blended-learning/pilohttp://rogersfoundation.org/our-grantees/blended-learning/pilo
homehome
 Avi Chai Online Learning Report (Jewish Day Schools):Avi Chai Online Learning Report (Jewish Day Schools):
http://avichai.org.il/2013/01/some-reflections-on-the-state-of-http://avichai.org.il/2013/01/some-reflections-on-the-state-of-
 iNACOL Blended Learning Roadmap:iNACOL Blended Learning Roadmap:
http://robdarrow.wikispaces.com/http://robdarrow.wikispaces.com/ eLearn2013ToolseLearn2013Tools
 Research:Research:
http://www.onlinelearningvisions.com/index.php/http://www.onlinelearningvisions.com/index.php/ researchresearch

28. Leadership TopicsLeadership Topics
 Defining Terms / ModelsDefining Terms / Models
 Show me the researchShow me the research
 Implementation StagesImplementation Stages
 Tools for supporting teachersTools for supporting teachers
 No Excuses!No Excuses!

29. Think in terms of 3-5 years
from now (not just today).
Think about what can be,
not what is.
This is a journey,
not a destination.

30. Rogers: AdopterRogers: Adopter
CategoriesCategories
Innovators – Early Adopters – Early Majority – Late Majority - Laggards

31. In every study…In every study…
(Rogers, 2003)(Rogers, 2003)
 Role ofRole of “change agent” or champion“change agent” or champion
 Common adoption characteristicsCommon adoption characteristics
from innovator to laggardfrom innovator to laggard
 Common way innovation reachesCommon way innovation reaches
““critical masscritical mass”” oror ““tipping pointtipping point””
 Common communication methodsCommon communication methods
that influence earlier adoptionthat influence earlier adoption
 S-shaped curveS-shaped curve of adoption over timeof adoption over time

32. ““Implications forImplications for
SchoolSchool
AdministratorsAdministrators””
(Rogers, 1963)(Rogers, 1963)
 MoreMore financial resourcesfinancial resources == moremore
innovativeinnovative schools / organizationschools / organization
 Teachers whoTeachers who attend out of townattend out of town
conferences (face-to-face or online)conferences (face-to-face or online)
are more innovativeare more innovative
 WhereWhere administrators are aware of andadministrators are aware of and
sympatheticsympathetic to an innovation, it tendsto an innovation, it tends
to prosperto prosper

33. iNACOL Roadmap for Blended LearningiNACOL Roadmap for Blended Learning::
Six Elements for SuccessfulSix Elements for Successful
Blended Learning ImplementationBlended Learning Implementation
 LeadershipLeadership
 Professional DevelopmentProfessional Development
 Teaching/InstructionalTeaching/Instructional
PracticePractice
 Operations/AdminOperations/Admin
Systems/PolicySystems/Policy
 ContentContent
 TechnologyTechnology

34. Leadership TopicsLeadership Topics
 Defining Terms / ModelsDefining Terms / Models
 Show me the researchShow me the research
 Implementation StagesImplementation Stages
 Tools for supporting teachersTools for supporting teachers
 No Excuses!No Excuses!

35. What do you do to measure orWhat do you do to measure or
observe teacherobserve teacher
effectiveness?effectiveness?
 ShareShare

36. What do you do to measure orWhat do you do to measure or
observe teacherobserve teacher
effectiveness?effectiveness?
 Lesson observationLesson observation
 Walk-throughsWalk-throughs
 Talk with teacherTalk with teacher
 Lesson plan observationLesson plan observation
 Ongoing benchmark dataOngoing benchmark data
 End of year achievement testsEnd of year achievement tests

37. Monitoring and EvaluationMonitoring and Evaluation
 Remember, traditional measuresRemember, traditional measures
for traditional classrooms.for traditional classrooms.
 New and different measuresNew and different measures
need to be developed and to beneed to be developed and to be
reported to boards aboutreported to boards about
success insuccess in online and blendedonline and blended
learninglearning
– (Joe Freidhoff and Michigan Virtual University(Joe Freidhoff and Michigan Virtual University
and Florida Virtual School leading in this area.and Florida Virtual School leading in this area.
MIVU annual report:MIVU annual report:
http://www.mvlri.org/Publications/ID/5/2012-13-Annual-http://www.mvlri.org/Publications/ID/5/2012-13-Annual-
ReportReport ))

38. Non-Cognitive SkillsNon-Cognitive Skills
 Time management and workTime management and work
skillsskills
 Student surveys about courseStudent surveys about course
contentcontent
 Student resilience, hope,Student resilience, hope,
engagementengagement
 Participation in internships orParticipation in internships or
service learning projectsservice learning projects
 Community ServiceCommunity Service

39. A Story from New York CityA Story from New York City
 New Principal and QualityNew Principal and Quality
Assurance Officer observe aAssurance Officer observe a
teacher in a blended learningteacher in a blended learning
classroomclassroom

40. Tool:Tool: How to Observe aHow to Observe a
Blended Learning TeacherBlended Learning Teacher
 Adapt the RubricAdapt the Rubric
 View student computer/device screenView student computer/device screen
 View teacher interaction withView teacher interaction with
studentsstudents
 View data teacher usesView data teacher uses
 Talk with studentsTalk with students
 Talk with teacherTalk with teacher

41. Tool:Tool: ClassroomClassroom
Walk-Throughs / ChecklistWalk-Throughs / Checklist
 Evidence of student centricEvidence of student centric
– Student learning focus / Students in groupsStudent learning focus / Students in groups
– Student computers/devices on a courseStudent computers/devices on a course
management system (access school and home)management system (access school and home)
– Students can explain what and why they areStudents can explain what and why they are
doingdoing
 Evidence of personalizationEvidence of personalization
– Teacher working with individual or groupsTeacher working with individual or groups
– Student data used by teacherStudent data used by teacher
– Variety of ways for student to communicate withVariety of ways for student to communicate with
teacher (verbal, discussion boards, email, twitter,teacher (verbal, discussion boards, email, twitter,
etc.)etc.)

42. Leadership ToolsLeadership Tools
 Defining blended learningDefining blended learning
 Knowing the elements of blended learningKnowing the elements of blended learning
 Knowing that innovation takes timeKnowing that innovation takes time
 Know the research as it currently existsKnow the research as it currently exists
(reports and case studies)(reports and case studies)
 Defining the measures by which youDefining the measures by which you
measure progressmeasure progress
 ContinuumContinuum
 Checklist for observations / walk throughsChecklist for observations / walk throughs
/ self reflection/ self reflection

43. Tool: ContinuumTool: Continuum
Where does your school fit?Where does your school fit?
 Textbook enhanced teaching andTextbook enhanced teaching and
learninglearning
 Technology enhanced (not online)Technology enhanced (not online)
 Web/online enhancedWeb/online enhanced
 BlendedBlended
 OnlineOnline

44. From Textbook to Online TeachingFrom Textbook to Online Teaching
Online
Teaching
Textbook
Enhanced
Teaching
Technology
Enhanced
Teaching
Web / Online
Enhanced
Teaching

45. Tool: Blended LearningTool: Blended Learning
Program Rubric and ChecklistProgram Rubric and Checklist
 Entire rubric and checklistEntire rubric and checklist
onlineonline
 But here’s a glimpseBut here’s a glimpse

46. Rubric Indicator:Rubric Indicator:
LeadershipLeadership
• 1.1 Measurable goals have been written1.1 Measurable goals have been written
and communicated with all staff.and communicated with all staff.
Well DevelopedWell Developed
Ongoing progress towards each goalOngoing progress towards each goal
is being collected and tracked byis being collected and tracked by
teachers and administrators.teachers and administrators.

47. Rubric Indicator: New Staff RolesRubric Indicator: New Staff Roles
2.1 Teacher as facilitator/coach2.1 Teacher as facilitator/coach
Well DevelopedWell Developed
 Teachers regularly circulate around the roomTeachers regularly circulate around the room
meeting with small groups and individualsmeeting with small groups and individuals
identifying progress toward learning goals.identifying progress toward learning goals.
 Teachers regularly document student progress dailyTeachers regularly document student progress daily
through some digital record keeping system.through some digital record keeping system.
 Student data is regularly used as a means forStudent data is regularly used as a means for
differentiating instruction.differentiating instruction.

48. The Checklist (Sample)The Checklist (Sample)
3.3. ProfessionalProfessional
DevelopmentDevelopment
 3.3 Release time is provided for teachers
during the school day for professional
development in an ongoing way
 3.4 There are measures in place that cause
teachers to reflect on their learning (e.g.
checklists, teacher portfolio, peer reflection)

49. ToolsTools
 Adapt the RubricAdapt the Rubric
 Adapt the check listAdapt the check list
 Adapt the continuumAdapt the continuum
 Share back on the Blended TeacherShare back on the Blended Teacher
NetworkNetwork
 Details on Rob’s WikiDetails on Rob’s Wiki
 http://robdarrow.wikispaces.comhttp://robdarrow.wikispaces.com

50. No Excuses!

51. No Excuses…
 To not have adequate bandwidth orTo not have adequate bandwidth or
access to Internet for students inaccess to Internet for students in
your schoolsyour schools
 Need policies and moneyNeed policies and money
– If you don’t like the policies,If you don’t like the policies, changechange
themthem
– If you don’t have the money,If you don’t have the money, write awrite a
grant or find a fundergrant or find a funder
– Build a network of believersBuild a network of believers

52. No Excuses…
 For teachers to not use technologyFor teachers to not use technology
and the Internet to teach withand the Internet to teach with
 Need professional development andNeed professional development and
leadershipleadership
– Bottom up - peer-to-peer – top downBottom up - peer-to-peer – top down

53. No Excuses…
 To not learn on your own – asTo not learn on your own – as
administrators and instructorsadministrators and instructors
 Free professional developmentFree professional development
all over the place!all over the place!
 Share what you are doing…Share what you are doing…
– Via blogVia blog
– Via wikiVia wiki
– Via TwitterVia Twitter
– Via Case StudiesVia Case Studies

54. Free Professional
Development
 Weekly TweetchatsWeekly Tweetchats
 Free webinarsFree webinars
 Free MOOCs and Online ConferencesFree MOOCs and Online Conferences
 ASCD:ASCD:
http://www.ascd.org/professional-developmenhttp://www.ascd.org/professional-developmen
webinars.aspxwebinars.aspx
 iNACOL:iNACOL:
http://www.inacol.org/events/webinarshttp://www.inacol.org/events/webinars //
 EdCamps / MeetUps / HackathonEdCamps / MeetUps / Hackathon
 Future of Education Interviews -Future of Education Interviews -
http://www.futureofeducation.comhttp://www.futureofeducation.com //

55. Free Professional
Development
 Read blogs / online journalsRead blogs / online journals
– http://blogs.kqed.org/mindshift/2012/09/how-to-fuel-the-innhttp://blogs.kqed.org/mindshift/2012/09/how-to-fuel-the-inn
//
 Edutopia:Edutopia: http://www.edutopia.org/http://www.edutopia.org/
 Faculty Focus, Higher Ed Teaching Strategies:
– http://www.facultyfocus.com/
 Via Email: ASCD Smart Brief, EdTech:
– http://r.smartbrief.com/resp/fHmbBYpbkskkoIjwfDcXdUfCigOl
 iNACOL’s Plugged In:
– http://www.inacol.org/news/plugged-in/
 TedX TalksTedX Talks
– https://www.ted.com/talks/

56. Free Online Professional
Development Conferences
July - November
 Learning Revolution / Steve HargadonLearning Revolution / Steve Hargadon
– http://learningrevolution.comhttp://learningrevolution.com //
 The Reform Symposium / July 11 – 13
 ISTE “Unplugged” / June 27 - July 1
 Future of Museums / July 24
 Alt Ed Film Fest / August
 Homeschool+ Conference / August 7 – 8
 Gaming in Ed / September 15 – 19
 Library 2.014 / October 8 – 9
 Global Ed Con / November 17 – 21

57. www.blendedteachernetwork.org
Join Today – It’s Free!

58. And Other ResourcesAnd Other Resources
 Build your personal learning networkBuild your personal learning network
 ISTEISTE
 iNACOLiNACOL
 State Tech or Library OrganizationsState Tech or Library Organizations
 Blended Teacher NetworkBlended Teacher Network

59. Questions?Questions?
Comments?Comments?

60. As we consider providing more customized learning
for our students via online and blended learning …
remember that…
“The only thing harder than
starting something new – is
stopping something old”
- Russell Ackoff -“Redesigning Society”

61. ContactContact
 Rob DarrowRob Darrow
 Rob@onlinelearningvisions.comRob@onlinelearningvisions.com
 http://robdarrow.wikispaces.comhttp://robdarrow.wikispaces.com
www.blendedteachernetwork.org