A talk at NTNU March 26, 2014

1. Learning in 3rd space
Prof. II Reijo Kupiainen
http://www.slideshare.net/rkupiainen
See: http://bit.ly/1eO9ExX!

2. Third space
The idea of third space comes from hybridity theory
(Homi Bhabha), which refers to to mixture, posits that
people draw on multiple resources or funds to make a
sense of the world and constitute their identity.
Originally hybridity is a cross between two separate
cultures: not diversity but hybridity
Cultural hybridity is a in-between place, which brings
together contradictory knowledges, practices, and
discourses: signs can be appropriated, translated,
rehistoricized, and read anew (c.f. remixing culture)

3. ”Third Space theory”
(Pahl & Rowsell 2005, Literacy and Education)
HOME
Popular
culture
Multimodal
texts
SCHOOL
Writing,
speaking and
listening
literacy
THIRD SPACE
Drawing and
writing using home
and school literacy
Out-of-school literacies School literacies
- Inclusion, bridging, hybridity

4. Home School
Out-of-school
practices
Curriculum-based
practices
Peer-based
education
Teacher-centered
education

5. Home School
Vernacular
literacies
Institutional
literacies
Outside the domain of
power, ”in the streets”
Control over people’s
literacy practices
Common in private
spheres
Common in public
spheres
Mary Hamilton (2000), Sustainable literacies and the ecology of lifelong learning.

6. Home Heterotopos School
Rejection of binaries
Michel Foucault (1967). On other spaces. http://foucault.info/documents/heteroTopia/
foucault.heteroTopia.en.html
- heterotopias: places that are ambivalent and uncertain,
either because they are new and as-yet unknown or
because they are impossible archaic representations of
former modes of social order that have become obsolete.
(Kevin Hetherington (1997). The badlands of modernity: Heterotopia and social ordering)

7. Alternative social
orders

8. Tactics
Although, for example, the school space is controlled, it is not absolutely dominated.
As Ian Buchanan (1993, para. 21) wrote, controlled space is “reactive rather than
active. It is subject to appropriation: its disciplined/dominated spaces... can always
be made smooth by their occupants by the act of occupancy itself.” This “occupancy”
is tactic. De Certeau (1984) spoke about everyday resistance, in which people
undermine imposed power relations.!
Kupiainen, R. 2013, Media and Digital Literacies in Secondary School, p. 21

9. Rejection of binaries
Here Mobile There
http://www.teachthought.com/technology/12-principles-of-mobile-learning/

10. Rejection of binaries
Physical Augmented Virtual

11. Rejection of binaries
Private Networked
publics
Public
- Networked publics are spaces that are constructed
through networked technologies and collective spaces
that emerge from the intersection of people,
technology, and practice (danah boyd (2011). Social network sites as
networked publics: Affordances, dynamics, and implications. In Z. Papacharissi, (Ed.) A
Networked self: Identity, community, and culture on social network sites)

12. Third-space learning
Creating new learning spaces in education
Learning in hybrid, networked, bridged
(between lifeworld and schooling), dynamic,
multimodal, and open time-space.
”Learning in the context of everyday
experiences of participation in the world”

13. Problems
”Knowmad society” (knowledge + nomad)
(Besselink, de Bree, Cobo, Hart et al., Knowmad Society)
Connected with everybody, everywhere,
anytime
Lifelong learning = ”life imprisonment
learning”
Flexible workers in the new economy
Technological determinism

14. Links
Sugata Mitra
http://www.ted.com/talks/sugata_mitra_build_a_school_in_the_cloud.html
12 Principles on mobile learning
http://www.teachthought.com/technology/12-principles-of-mobile-
learning/
Google Goggles
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hhgfz0zPmH4
QR codes at school
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ayW032sKtj8
Pinterest: http://pinterest.com/rkupiainen/
Scoop: http://www.scoop.it/u/reijo-kupiainen

15. Thank you!
reijo.p.kupiainen@svt.ntnu.no