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Key findings and conclusions:
                        Cisco ISR G2 platforms delivered 8 times improved
                         performance compared to previous generation ISRs
                        Cisco ISR 3945E delivered throughput of up to
                         398 Mbps with integrated services enabled
 Lab Testing            ISR G2 platforms support bandwidth–optimized and
                         scalable video including TelePresence and streaming
  Summary               Cisco ISR G2 platforms offer “Service Ready Engine”
   Report                providing the flexibility to turn on services on demand
                        EnergyWise allows automatic port shutdown during off
                         hours (7PM to 7AM) enabling a 50% energy savings
    MAY 2010            WAN bandwidth usage decreased 100 times with
   Report 091028G        integrated Cisco WAAS WAN acceleration module



                    C
                           isco’s Integrated Services Router Generation 2 platform models
Product Category:          1941W, 2911, 2951 3925E, 3945 and 3945E were evaluated by
                           Miercom for performance feature validation while being used in
   Integrated       branch office scenarios. We also evaluated the ASR 1002 Fixed
                    Router on some of these tests to show upward scalability of the next
 Services Router    family of routers. The objective was to validate increased levels of
  Generation 2      voice, video, security, wireless, mobility and data service integration.
                    While testing the features and services offered by the ISR G2 branch
                    routers, performance and throughput was observed, to ascertain if the
 Vendor Tested:     activated services affected the throughput.
                    Today’s branch routers must have the ability to serve the requirements
                    of the current branch, and scale to the evolving needs of integrated
                    services. This includes increased bandwidth requirements, supporting
                    advanced security features and WAN and VPN technologies, with
                    multi-media collaboration. (continued next page)
 Products Tested:
Cisco 1941W ISR      Figure 1: Throughput Compared to Target Branch Bandwidth
Cisco 2911 ISR
Cisco 2951 ISR
Cisco 3925E ISR
Cisco 3945E ISR
Cisco ASR 1002



                    Source: Miercom, May 2010


                    Higher throughput was delivered than was needed to meet the bandwidth
                    requirements for the branches, while integrated services and features including
                    IPsec and NAT were activated. While maintaining 75% CPU utilization, no frame
                    loss was observed. Routers are listed in order of progressively increasing
                    performance and capabilities.
Figure 2: Throughput Compared to Target Branch Bandwidth
                                                                             Router models 3925E and
                                                                             3945E have an enhanced
                                                                             SPE. The Cisco ASR 1002
                                                                             Fixed Router is included in
                                                                             the mix to show upward
                                                                             migration to the next family
                                                                             of routers. Higher throughput
                                                                             was delivered than was
                                                                             needed       to     meet    the
                                                                             bandwidth          requirements
                                                                             while integrated services and
                                                                             features including IPsec and
                                                                             NAT were activated. While
                                                                             maintaining       75%      CPU
                                                                             utilization, no frame loss was
                                                                             observed. Routers are listed
                                                                             in order of progressive
 Source: Miercom, May 2010                                                   performance and capabilities.



 The Cisco ISR G2 branch routers - 3925E, 3945E and the Cisco ASR 1002 Fixed Router - delivered
 performance throughput values greater than the target positioning bandwidth requirements while
 integrated services features were activated. By adding the new Service Performance Engines (SPE-
 200 and SPE-250) to the 3925E, we observed 5.5 times increased throughput. When the SPE was
 added to the 3945E, we observed 3.5 times increased throughput. All test results observed were
 recorded at zero frame loss while maintaining the CPU utilization at 75%.


A solution that provides security, wireless              Branch offices are classified as small, medium,
capabilities, UC, and WAN optimization in a              large and regional, with unique requirements for
single    box,    while   maintaining   existing         each category. All test cases described were
performance and throughput is a true integrated          based on specific branch requirements. A typical
solution. Integrated network based services are          small branch, such as a retail store with 10-25
an effective way to reduce costs, while                  users, would use the ISR 1941W. A bank with 25-
delivering new services to the end user. The             40 users would use the ISR 2911. A corporate
ISR G2 platforms deliver these services and              branch or large branch accommodating 40-75
performance, while deployed in small to large            users would use the ISR 2951. While a regional
remote branch office topologies.                         office with 75-150 users would use the ISR 3945.
                                                         Branches with greater bandwidth requirements
Miercom tests the performance and validated
                                                         would use 3925E, 3945E or an ASR 1002.
the integrated features of the Cisco ISR G2
platforms. Tests were conducted with feature             Performance Tests
intensive branch office deployments, and
                                                         Each class of branch routers was tested based on
considered actual branch settings currently
                                                         the typical branch configuration of the model with
used by ISR customers.
                                                         Dynamic Multipoint Virtual Private Network
Branch Architecture                                      (DMVPN), Zone Based Policy Firewall (ZBF) and
                                                         Intrusion    Prevention   System      (IPS),  and
The architecture of the ISR G2 platforms
                                                         Hierarchical Quality of Service (HQOS) features
enables richer media experience with video,
                                                         enabled. We subjected the Cisco ISR G2 router
voice and WAN evolution. Additions to the
                                                         platforms, with integrated services and features
services available on the ISR G2 platforms
                                                         enabled, to a traffic mix consisting of the data,
include      integrated     security,   unified
                                                         voice and/or Telepresence traffic recommended
communications, wireless, and application
                                                         for each deployment scenario.
optimization services. Pay-As-You-Grow software
licensing and Cisco IOS software packaging also          All of the Cisco ISR G2 branch routers delivered
reduces branch office expenses.                          throughput which exceeded by 102% to 214% the


Copyright © 2010 Miercom                           ISR G2 Branch Routers                             Page 2
Figure 3: Throughput Performance Tests RFC 2544

                          RFC2544          Small     Medium       Large     Regional   Regional    Regional
                         Throughput       Branch     Branch      Branch      Office     Office      Office
                       Device Under
                                         1941W        2911        2951       3925E       3945       3945E
                       Test
                       IPv4 Forwarding
                                          214.06     232.50      384.38     1,148.80    711.30     1,341.65
                       (Mbps)
      packets
      64 byte




                       NAT
                                          31.24      38.28       104.38     248.81      207.02     366.66
                       (Mbps)
                       IPsec (AES)
                                           4.67       5.51        5.93      100.95       5.80      135.24
                       (Mbps)
                       IPv4 Forwarding
        IMIX packets




                                          981.02    1017.18     1713.90     3,816.99   2988.69     3,816.99
                       (Mbps)
                       NAT
                                          168.52     174.26      479.72     1,613.29    938.82     1,908.52
                       (Mbps)
                       IPsec (AES)
                                          62.36      70.78       149.80     647.11      239.34     848.40
                       (Mbps)
                       IPv4 Forwarding
                                         2000.00+   3,000.00+   3,000.00+   4,000.00   3,000.00+   4,000.00
      1518 byte




                       (Mbps)
       packets




                       NAT
                                          692.18     713.28     1,908.59    4,000.00   2,000.00+   4,000.00
                       (Mbps)
                       IPsec (AES)
                                          146.56     164.84      195.78     1,528.90    739.64     1,542.78
                       (Mbps)

       Note: Significant IPSec performance increase is one characteristic of the greater
       performance of the 3925E and 3945E.

                                                                test. This methodology is repeated until there is
stated bandwidth requirements of the branch,                    no frame loss and a Mbps value is found.
while integrated features were activated. See
Figure 1 on page 1. All test results were                       We noted a vast difference in performance
observed without any frame loss and                             between the Cisco ISR 3945 and 3945E routers,
maintaining CPU utilization of 75%.                             attributed to the new Service Performance Engine
RFC 2544 Performance Test                                       (SPE) that was added to the ISR 3900s.
                                                                Customers can increase the performance of their
We conducted a series of tests to stress                        existing ISR 3900s by upgrading the SPE. The
product performance at different packet sizes                   3925 can be upgraded to a 3925E by replacing
with various combinations of features enabled                   the SPE-100 with the SPE-200. Similarly, the ISR
as shown in the above table.                                    3945 can be upgraded to a 3945E by replacing
RFC2544 is a standard test methodology from                     the SPE-150 with an SPE-250. When a 3945 is
the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)                      upgraded to a 3945E, performance is increased
that defines a consistent way of testing                        by as much as 96%.
network equipment. The Throughput test
calculates the maximum number of frames per                     The above table shows how the addition of the
second that can be transmitted without error.                   SPE in the 3945E improves performance by
We tested with 64- and 1518-byte sized                          95.7% when compared to the standard 3945
packets and IMIX packets, then compared the                     router when transmitting and receiving 64-byte
number of transmitted and received frames.                      packets. With IMIX packets, the 3945E exhibited
When frame loss was encountered, the                            a throughput improvement of 71.8% over the
transmission rate was divided by two and the                    3945. When tested with 1518-byte packets, the
test was restarted. If during this test there was               Cisco 3945E delivered a 52.1% improved
no frame loss, we increased the transmission                    performance compared to the ISR 3945 router.
rate by half of the difference from the previous                These percentages were calculated by taking the


Copyright © 2010 Miercom                                ISR G2 Branch Routers                               Page 3
This feature gives Cisco a competitive edge for
IPsec (AES) throughput in Mbps value of the
                                                             Cisco router-based secure UC solutions.
3945 ISR and comparing it to the IPsec (AES)
value of the 3945E to determine overall                      Unified Survivable Remote Site Telephony
improvement. See Figure 3 on page 3.                         Call processing redundancy is critical for all
Offensive Security Assessment                                branch offices. Unified Survivable Remote Site
                                                             Telephony (SRST) is an integrated voice feature
We evaluated the effectiveness and accuracy                  available on all Cisco ISR G2 platforms. When
of the integrated security features of IPS,                  activated, the Cisco Unified SRST acts as a call
ZBF and DMVPN on the Cisco ISR                               processing engine for the IP phones located in
G2 platforms.                                                the branch office during a WAN blackout.
The platforms were evaluated as a “standalone
                                                             Once a WAN link fails, Cisco SRST automatically
security device” in an un-tuned IPS
                                                             detects the failure in the network and initiates the
deployment. Penetration testing was conducted
                                                             SRST services to provide call processing backup
with over 1,450 updated and in the wild attacks.
                                                             for the IP phones at the branch office. Once WAN
Loaded with 2,670 signatures, the platforms
                                                             connectivity is restored, the system automatically
thwarted the majority of attacks, with IOS IPS
                                                             shifts the call processing back to the primary
firing signatures before the network security
                                                             Cisco Unified Communications Manager at
could be compromised. In addition, the zone
                                                             headquarters.
based policy firewall was resilient against
network and application layer attacks, viruses               Video Capability
and     worms,     adding    more      flexibility
and granularity to already existing IOS                      Video call capabilities were evaluated on an ISR
stateful inspection.                                         2911 using the Cisco Unified Video Advantage
                                                             (CUVA). CUVA allows Cisco non-video IP phones
IOS Content Filtering                                        to make video calls to other video endpoints.
Cisco IOS Content Filtering, available on the                Connecting the access port of the video-enabled
ISR 1941W and 2911, demonstrated category                    Cisco Unified IP Phone 7965 to a PC with a USB
blocking to static black and white lists with                video camera allowed calls to be placed to the
keyword blocking and security ratings to                     branch office. These calls were made using
websites requested. This IOS integrated                      normal phone processes and were displayed
feature offers policy-based web content control              successfully with video on the PC without any
to limit exposure to websites that could incur               further actions. The ISR 2911 demonstrated the
liability issues or contribute to lost productivity.         ability to make video calls using the H.263, H.264
                                                             and H.323 protocols.
The Cisco IOS Content filtering utilizes a
subscription-based service using an Internet-                Communications Manager Express
based     reputation   server.   Policy-control              The Cisco Unified CME (Communications
parameters include keyword blocking, local                   Manager Express) provides call processing
black- and white-listing of up to 100 URLs,                  services at the branch office. This integrated
blocking and/or allowing by content categories               feature adds call processing functionality at the
by user credentials, and reputation-based                    Cisco ISR G2 branch router itself for branch
content control. URL filtering was tested by                 offices. All the necessary files and configurations
selecting a category of permitted and non-                   for IP phones are stored internally on the ISR G2,
allowed websites. It successfully blocked the                providing a single-platform solution.
websites by category as requested. See Figure
2 on page 2.                                                 Calls were made using Cisco Unified IP Phones
                                                             7965 to test the call processing functionality of the
Unified Communications Trusted Firewall                      CME. Voice mails were left to demonstrate the
The trusted firewall feature was evaluated to                messaging features offered by the CME. Using
verify Unified Communications security. The                  the VoiceView express feature we could easily
UC firewall uses Trusted Relay Point (TRP), a                browse, listen, and manage voicemail from the
software function which authorizes and                       Cisco IP phone display and soft keys. These
inspects STUN messages. Once all checks are                  functions were demonstrated on the ISR 2951.
successful, a bidirectional pinhole is opened
through the firewall for data flow. This prevents            SIP Trunking
the need to blindly open media port ranges.                  SIP Trunking capabilities were demonstrated on
Copyright © 2010 Miercom                               ISR G2 Branch Routers                            Page 4
Figure 4: Content Filtering by Category                     successfully combines traditional enterprise router
                                                            functionality, advanced IP services like VoIP and
                                                            security with the mobility capabilities of 3G WAN
                                                            access. The integrated HWIC 3G Wireless feature
                                                            was tested on the Cisco ISR 1941W for primary
                                                            and backup WAN link connectivity as an
                                                            integrated feature offering.
                                                            As the primary WAN link, 3G WWAN was tested
                                                            with IOS security feature DMVPN enabled. To test
                                                            for multimedia traffic over the 3G WAN link,
                                                            we placed voice calls and monitored the MOS
                                                            scores and call quality. Voice could be heard
                                                            with clarity, all sessions were maintained and no
                                                            calls were dropped.
                                                            When configured as a backup link, the failover
                                                            time to 3G WWAN was noted to be 15 seconds,
                                                            an acceptable failover time. This included time for
                                                            the EzVPN tunnel to establish and pings to reply.
URL category blocking message as displayed
in a user’s Web browser.                                    Wide Area Application Services
the ISR 3945 platform. For this test scenario               Cisco Wide Area Application Services (WAAS)
the CME was set and configured as the PBX                   module, was demonstrated on the ISR 2911,
that will interpret the SIP signal and pass the             2951 and 3945. It provides integrated WAN
traffic. The Spirent Abacus was used to                     optimization features on the ISR G2 platforms.
simulate SIP Trunking traffic, generating 30                Advanced Data Redundancy Elimination (DRE),
SIP sessions per second. We observed zero                   Persistent LZ compression, and TCP Flow
RTP packet loss and no out of order packets.                Optimization (TFO), were among the WAAS
Stable MOS scores of 4.55 were achieved for                 functions tested, all of which accelerated
all calls. In addition, RTP jitter values of 0.233          application response times by alleviating WAN
ms and R-factor of 93.2 was achieved, which                 traffic loads and congestion.
falls in the desirable range for VoIP quality.              We used the Spirent Avalanche/Reflector to
                                                            generate real world HTTP traffic to traverse over
Wireless LAN                                                the WAN link to the corporate network. Without
Wireless LAN capabilities are available only on             the WAAS module providing integrated WAN
the Cisco ISR 1941W which includes a native                 optimization features, the bandwidth usage was
802.11n access point and security features                  recorded at 140 Mbps for HTTP traffic. With the
available to support secure mobility.                       integrated WAAS module, the bandwidth usage
                                                            for the same HTTP traffic dropped to 1.4 Mbps
During testing, the ISR 1941W proved to be                  decreasing it by 100 fold.
able to deploy secure, manageable WLANs,
with fast secure mobility, authentication and               Multi Gigabit Fabric
simplified management. The ISR G2 router
extends corporate networks, securing remote                 The MGF is a new integrated solution added to
sites, allowing access to the applications found            the architecture of the ISR G2 platforms allowing
in the corporate offices. The Cisco ISR 1941W               high      bandwidth     module-to-module     com-
router meets WLAN needs with a single device,               munications at speeds up to 1 Gbps without
offering    increased     levels   of   services            adding overhead to the router processor. The
integration.                                                traffic between service modules is switched at line
                                                            rate to one another without being forwarded to the
3G Wireless WAN                                             router CPU, thereby improving LAN/WAN
                                                            performance and scalability.
The Cisco 3G Wireless WAN HWIC (High-
Speed WAN Interface Card) on the ISR 1941W                  Two 24 port Cisco Enhanced EtherSwitch Service

Copyright © 2010 Miercom                             ISR G2 Branch Routers                           Page 5
Modules (ESMs) were used for testing, with                  were applied to extend EnergyWise functionality
Spirent Avalanche/Reflector used to generate                to control power to certain ports. Based on this
traffic traversing from one Etherswitch module              policy, PoE power to interfaces was set to
to the other. The log file for Cisco ISR 3945               automatically to turn on/off at various times.
recorded CPU utilization as zero, while 1Gbps               These time policies could also be applied by
of traffic passed through the Etherswitch                   device type, device location, priority of device and
modules. The receive bandwidth percentage                   other settable parameters.
utilization and transmit bandwidth percentage
utilization for the port going to the platform CPU          PoE Boost
recorded zero, indicating that router processing            When populated with dual power supplies, or a
power was not used.                                         single power supply and Redundant Power
                                                            System (RPS), the Cisco ISR G2 routers can
Cisco EnergyWise                                            operate in a PoE boost mode configuration, in
Cisco EnergyWise technology allows users to                 lieu of redundant power mode. In this PoE boost
measure the power consumption of network                    configuration, the power capacity of the platform
infrastructure and network attached devices                 is increased to almost twice the normal power to
(IP phones, PC and access points) and                       support additional PoE ports. See Figure 5 below.
manage power consumption with specific                      Figure 5: Power available for PoE Ports in
settable policies.                                          RPS and PoE Boost Mode for an ISR 3900
This IOS feature was demonstrated on the ISR                       Mode           Redundant        PoE Boost
3945 platform fitted with two 24 port
                                                              Maximum Power          520W            1000W
Etherswitch modules. Power monitoring and
management capabilities of the Cisco                          Allocated Power        6.3W             6.3W
EnergyWise feature were tested for slots and
interface power management on the router.                   IOS Software Licensing
With Cisco EnergyWise, the Service modules
could be powered-up or turned-down using                    With the new licensing and packaging process,
simple commands. Times of day policies                      Cisco ISR G2 platforms are shipped with a single
were     applied    to    extend     EnergyWise             universal     IOS      image,     loaded    during
functionality to control power to certain ports.            manufacturing, and containing all IOS features.
Based on this policy, PoE power to interfaces               All integrated service and features are now in four
was set to automatically to turn on/off at various          technology packages; previously offered in eight
times. These time policies could also be applied            images and requiring a new software image for
by device type, device location, priority of                each feature change.
device and other settable parameters.                       The level of IOS functionality available depends
                                                            on the licenses purchased. To unlock or upgrade
Cisco EnergyWise                                            to a suite of IOS functionality, only a new license
Cisco EnergyWise technology allows users to                 needs to be applied. The four categories of
measure the power consumption of network                    licenses    are:    IP   Base,      Data,   Unified
infrastructure and network attached devices (IP             Communications and Security (SEC).
phones, PC and access points) and manage                    Bottom Line
power consumption with specific settable
policies.                                                   The value of an integrated solution shows its
                                                            worth for enabling integrated services on a single
This IOS feature was demonstrated on the ISR                platform, delivering WAN optimization all in one
3945 platform fitted with two 24 port                       single    box,     while    maintaining   existing
Etherswitch modules. Power monitoring and                   performance and throughput metrics. The Cisco
management capabilities of the Cisco                        ISR G2 models ISR 1941W, ISR 2911, ISR 2951
EnergyWise feature were tested for slots and                and ISR 3945 deliver these services with
interface power management on the router.                   exceptional performance while deployed in
With Cisco EnergyWise, the Service modules                  branch     office   (continued    on    page    8)
could be powered-up or turned-down using                    scaling from small branch offices of a few users,
simple commands. Times of day policies                      to large remote branches with 100 clients. For


Copyright © 2010 Miercom                             ISR G2 Branch Routers                            Page 6
Table 1: Description of Branch Office Deployment Scenarios and Features Applied

                    Small         Medium        Large
                                                                          Regional Office
                   Branch         Branch        Branch
     Typical                        Bank       Corporate
                  Retail store                                     Regional Office, Large Store
    Example                        Branch       Branch
  Link Speed       25Mbps         35Mbps        75Mbps        150Mbps        200Mbps         350Mbps
  Typical NG
                    1941W           2911          2951         3925E           3945           3945E
     ISR
 Configuration      USB            USB           USB           USB            USB             USB
   Method          Console        Console       Console       Console        Console         Console
   Feature          Data,         Data, UC,    Data, UC,      Data, UC,      Data, UC,       Data, UC,
   Licenses        Security        Security     Security       Security       Security        Security
    Primary        Ethernet       Ethernet      Ethernet      Ethernet       Ethernet        Ethernet
  Connectivity      WAN            WAN           WAN           WAN            WAN             WAN
    Backup                        Ethernet      Ethernet      Ethernet       Ethernet        Ethernet
                   3G WAN
  Connectivity                     WAN           WAN           WAN            WAN             WAN
   Integrated                     16 ports      24 ports      48 ports       48 ports        48 ports
                 8 ports PoE
  Switch Ports                      PoE           PoE           PoE            PoE             PoE
                    5 Class        5 Class      5 Class        5 Class        5 Class         5 Class
      QoS
                     HQoS           HQoS         HQoS           HQoS           HQoS            HQoS
      VPN          DMVPN          DMVPN         DMVPN         DMVPN          DMVPN           DMVPN
                 Zone-Based      Zone-Based    Zone-Based   Zone-Based     Zone-Based       Zone-Based
    Firewall
                    FW              FW            FW           FW             FW               FW
    Intrusion
                     Yes            Yes           Yes            Yes           Yes             Yes
   Prevention
    Content
                     Yes            Yes            No            No             No              No
    Filtering
     WAN
                      No            Yes           Yes            Yes           Yes             Yes
  Acceleration
                                  CME-as-         CME
                                                               SRST           SRST            SRST
                                   SRST          CUE
  Local Voice                                               CUBE + SIP     CUBE + SIP       CUBE + SIP
                      NA          TDM PSTN      VM/IVR
   Features                                                  Trunk for      Trunk for        Trunk for
                                 (FXO) Video   SIP Trunk      PSTN           PSTN             PSTN
                                  Telephony    for PSTN
   IP Phones           8             12            50            120           120             120
                                   1 low         1 high        1 high         1 high          1 high
 Telepresence         No
                                 bandwidth     bandwidth     bandwidth      bandwidth       bandwidth
    802.11n      Corporate &
                                     No            No            No             No              No
    Wireless     Guest SSID

The branch offices have been categorized into small, medium, large and regional categories with unique
requirements for each size office. The configurations shown above represent feature intensive branch
deployments today and are likely to be closer to the norm in the future. All testing and test cases
described in this document w conducted based on the branch office requirements for the respective Cisco
ISR G2 routers.


Copyright © 2010 Miercom                       ISR G2 Branch Routers                              Page 7
additional details on this testing,       contact           providers to monitor and troubleshoot a single
Miercom at reviews@miercom.com.                             Ethernet link. Although it was defined for the first-
                                                            mile connection to the customer demarcation
Ethernet Operations, Administration, and                    where most link issues typically occur; IEEE
Maintenance (OAM)                                           802.3ah is applicable to any point-point IEEE
Cisco Integrated Services Routers Generation 2              802.3 links.
support the tools for Ethernet Operations,                  The primary benefits of 802.3ah are that it
Administration,    and   Maintenance      (OAM)             enables the service provider to monitor a link for
developed in accordance with the leading                    critical events and then, if necessary, put the
industry-standards organizations. We observed               remote device into "loopback" mode in order to
a testing demonstration of the Carrier Ethernet             do testing on the link. It also discovers
OAM capabilities while conducting performance               unidirectional links, which occur when only one
testing on the routers. We specifically validated           direction of transmission fails.
the following features:
                                                            Ethernet Local Management Interface (E-LMI)
    CFM (Connectivity Fault Management)                    protocol has benefits to both the service provider
                                                            and the end customer because it brings Ethernet
         Connectivity Check
                                                            manageability from the service provider network
         Ping (Loopback)                                   to the customer premises. E-LMI operates
                 unicast LB                                between the customer edge (CE) device and the
                 multicast LB                              user-facing provider edge (U-PE). It enables the
         Autotrace                                         service provider to configure the CE device to
     EEM Service Diagnostics                               match the subscribed service. The CE device will
                                                            automatically receive a VLAN-to-EVC mapping
         CFM CC-timeout (CFM event based                   and the corresponding bandwidth profile and
            autoscript)
                                                            quality of service (QoS) settings.
         CFM on-demand (CFM
            on-demand script)                               The IP SLA for Ethernet adds to the performance
         CFM Autotrace (CFM Auto Script )                  monitoring strengths for Ethernet and are
         CFM shut/ unshut (Action script)                  supported on ISR G2.
    OAM                                                    Service providers are using increased bandwidth
    IPSLA                                                  requirements to offer newer and more cost-
         Echo probe                                        effective Ethernet services while utilizing the end-
                                                            to-end service-assurance capabilities as offered
         Jitter probe                                      by standardized Ethernet OAM on Cisco routing
    ELMI                                                   and switching platforms. Using these capabilities,
    Y.1731 (AIS/ LCK / RDI)                                service providers can deliver both entertainment-
                                                            and business-grade services over an Ethernet
These Fault Management and Performance                      network to meet the expectations of their
Management tools for Ethernet allow service                 end customers.
providers to manage each customer service
instance individually. A customer service
instance, or Ethernet Virtual Connection (EVC),              Figure 6: Cisco Carrier Ethernet OAM
is the service that is sold to a customer and is
designated by the Service-VLAN tag. As a
result, 802.1ag operates on a per-Service-VLAN
(or per-EVC) basis. End-to-end service
management using 802.1ag is a critical aspect
of Ethernet management along with the Y.1731
fault management. It enables the service
provider to know if an EVC has failed, and if so,
provides the tools to rapidly isolate the failure.
Another important area is the link management
provided by IEEE 802.3ah. Ethernet link
                                                            This diagram shows the main areas of Ethernet
management (IEEE 802.3ah) enables service                   Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (OAM).

Copyright © 2010 Miercom                             ISR G2 Branch Routers                             Page 8
Test Bed Diagram 1

                                                                  7206 – NPE-G2            Reflector
           VoIP                              IPsec Traffic
           Load


                             Device Under
                             Test (DUT) –
         Avalanche
                              Cisco ISR

                                                 Internet




   Systems Under Test and Operating System Versions
   Cisco Routers:
   1941W licensed for: ip base, security, uc, and data ; running IOS version 15.0(1)M
   2911 licensed for: ip base, security, uc, and data ; running IOS version 15.0(1)M
   2951 licensed for: ip base, security, uc, and data ; running IOS version 15.0(1)M
   3945E licensed for: ip base, security, uc, and data ; running IOS version 15.0(1)T
   3925E licensed for: ip base, security, uc, and data ; running IOS version 15.0(1)T
   ASR 1002 Fixed Router fixed adventerprisek9 version 12.4(X), and IOS-XE 12.2
   Mu Test Suite, version 4.5.6.r36499
   Avalanche 2.50, Build 4070
   Spirent TestCenter, version 2.50.1626.0000


How We Did It
Test Bed 1
Similar network topologies were used for all branch office deployments with variations added to reflect the typical
needs of the different branch sizes. Spirent TestCenter, Spirent Avalanche and Reflector were used for traffic
generation. Spirent TestCenter was used to generate RTP voice traffic. A custom Cisco traffic generation tool was
used to simulate Telepresence sessions. This tool sends actual Telepresence video streams and monitors for any
frame loss, jitter and latency. All traffic used for performance testing of the Cisco ISR G2 Device Under Test (DUT)
were set to meet Service Level Agreement (SLA) of zero frame loss and acceptable latency or jitter values.

To evaluate the effectiveness of the security features of the Cisco ISR G2 platforms, offensive security tests were
conducted using Miercom Offensive Security Testing Suite, the Ixia IxDefend platform (www.ixiacom.com) and the Mu
Dynamics Test Suite (www.mudynamics.com). The Ixia IxDefend advanced security assessment tool analyzed quality,
resiliency, and security exposures across a broad array of protocols and applications. The IxDefend test included 40
protocols from link layer to application protocols. Each protocol in each bundle included thousands of tests. IxDefend’s
tests provide the deepest possible protocol coverage.

The Mu Test Suite distills information from the most recently discovered root-cause vulnerabilities into test cases that
target the vulnerabilities that lie behind tens of thousands unique exploit vectors. The security assessment was
conducted with Ixia’s (www.ixiacom.com) IxDefend which was used to generate exploits and attacks. Miercom
recommends customers conduct their own needs analysis and test for the specific environment for product
deployment before making a selection. Contact reviews@miercom.com for additional details on the configurations
applied to the system under test and test tools used in this evaluation.



 Copyright © 2010 Miercom                             ISR G2 Branch Routers                                  Page 9
Test Bed Diagram 2
                             Avalanche                                     Avalanche



         Telepresence                                                           Telepresence
         Simulator                                                              Simulator

                                           Device Under Test
                                                 (DUT)
                                                C3900E
                            Abacus                                     Abacus


    Test Bed Diagram 3
                                                                                            Avalanche
                    Avalanche

                                                                       ASR 1002
                                                                       HeadEnd

 Telepresence                                                                                       Telepresence
     Simulator                                                                                      Simulator

                                  Device Under Test
                                        (DUT)
                                   C3900E or ASR
                  Abacus                                                                    Abacus


Test Bed 2
The Device Under Test (DUT) is only connected to the different traffic generation tools depicted. Throughput
measurements were taken with and without features enabled such as IPsec VPN and NAT. Tests for throughput
performance of RFC 2544 were conducted primarily using this test scenario.


Test Bed 3
The second test bed has the DUT connected to a HeadEnd router in addition to the traffic generation tools as shown
in Figure 2. This is normally used for those cases, like IPSec, that require a connection to a peer router. The WAN
interface of the ISR G2 DUT utilized a secure VPN connection as well as a backup connection specific to the size of
the branch. For our tests, headquarters was represented by a Cisco 7200 Series router, terminating at the other side
of the VPN connection and providing the core side connections for traffic generation and monitoring. To simulate the
various streams found in a typical branch setting, generic stateful HTTP data traffic consisting of 25K, 30K and 130K
objects, with 10 objects per TCP session, were used. All performance testing was conducted with router CPU
maintained in the 50-70% range, which is the recommended load that allows sufficient overhead and tolerance for
real-world network activity. Tests involving IPsec performance were conducted primarily using this test scenario.




 Copyright © 2010 Miercom                            ISR G2 Branch Routers                                 Page 10
Miercom Performance Verified
Based on Miercom’s review of the performance during testing, the
Cisco ISR G2 platforms – ISR 1941W, ISR 2911, ISR 2951 and
ISR 3945 routers have earned the Performance Verified award.
The Cisco ISR G2 platforms provide security, wireless, UC,
WAN optimization and energy management capabilities all in
one box while meeting branch office performance and
throughput requirements.




      ISR 1941W                             ISR 2911                                                          Cisco Systems, Inc.
                                                                                                            170 West Tasman Drive
                                                                                                              San Jose, CA 95134
                                                                                                                www.cisco.com
                                                                                                                1-800-553-6387

        ISR 2951                    ISR 3925E, 3945 and
                                          3945E


                                About Miercom’s Product Testing Services
Miercom has hundreds of product-comparison analyses
published over the years in such leading network trade
periodicals    as     Network       World,    Business
Communications Review - NoJitter, Communications
News, xchange, Internet Telephony and other leading
publications, Miercom’s reputation as the leading,
independent product test center is unquestioned.

Miercom’s private test services include competitive
product analyses, as well as individual product
evaluations.     Miercom     features     comprehensive
certification and test programs including: Certified
Interoperable, Certified Reliable, Certified Secure and
Certified Green. Products may also be evaluated under
the NetWORKS As Advertised program, the industry’s
most thorough and trusted assessment for product
usability and performance.




Report 091028G                  reviews@miercom.com                       www.miercom.com                         Before printing, please
                                                                                                              consider electronic distribution
                                                                                                          
Product names or services mentioned in this report are registered trademarks of their respective owners. Miercom makes every effort to ensure that
information contained within our reports is accurate and complete, but is not liable for any errors, inaccuracies or omissions. Miercom is not liable
for damages arising out of or related to the information contained within this report. Consult with professional services such as Miercom Consulting
for specific customer needs analysis.

 Copyright © 2010 Miercom                                           ISR G2 Branch Routers                                               Page 11

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ISR vs ASR

  • 1. Key findings and conclusions:  Cisco ISR G2 platforms delivered 8 times improved performance compared to previous generation ISRs  Cisco ISR 3945E delivered throughput of up to 398 Mbps with integrated services enabled Lab Testing  ISR G2 platforms support bandwidth–optimized and scalable video including TelePresence and streaming Summary  Cisco ISR G2 platforms offer “Service Ready Engine” Report providing the flexibility to turn on services on demand  EnergyWise allows automatic port shutdown during off hours (7PM to 7AM) enabling a 50% energy savings MAY 2010  WAN bandwidth usage decreased 100 times with Report 091028G integrated Cisco WAAS WAN acceleration module C isco’s Integrated Services Router Generation 2 platform models Product Category: 1941W, 2911, 2951 3925E, 3945 and 3945E were evaluated by Miercom for performance feature validation while being used in Integrated branch office scenarios. We also evaluated the ASR 1002 Fixed Router on some of these tests to show upward scalability of the next Services Router family of routers. The objective was to validate increased levels of Generation 2 voice, video, security, wireless, mobility and data service integration. While testing the features and services offered by the ISR G2 branch routers, performance and throughput was observed, to ascertain if the Vendor Tested: activated services affected the throughput. Today’s branch routers must have the ability to serve the requirements of the current branch, and scale to the evolving needs of integrated services. This includes increased bandwidth requirements, supporting advanced security features and WAN and VPN technologies, with multi-media collaboration. (continued next page) Products Tested: Cisco 1941W ISR Figure 1: Throughput Compared to Target Branch Bandwidth Cisco 2911 ISR Cisco 2951 ISR Cisco 3925E ISR Cisco 3945E ISR Cisco ASR 1002 Source: Miercom, May 2010 Higher throughput was delivered than was needed to meet the bandwidth requirements for the branches, while integrated services and features including IPsec and NAT were activated. While maintaining 75% CPU utilization, no frame loss was observed. Routers are listed in order of progressively increasing performance and capabilities.
  • 2. Figure 2: Throughput Compared to Target Branch Bandwidth Router models 3925E and 3945E have an enhanced SPE. The Cisco ASR 1002 Fixed Router is included in the mix to show upward migration to the next family of routers. Higher throughput was delivered than was needed to meet the bandwidth requirements while integrated services and features including IPsec and NAT were activated. While maintaining 75% CPU utilization, no frame loss was observed. Routers are listed in order of progressive Source: Miercom, May 2010 performance and capabilities. The Cisco ISR G2 branch routers - 3925E, 3945E and the Cisco ASR 1002 Fixed Router - delivered performance throughput values greater than the target positioning bandwidth requirements while integrated services features were activated. By adding the new Service Performance Engines (SPE- 200 and SPE-250) to the 3925E, we observed 5.5 times increased throughput. When the SPE was added to the 3945E, we observed 3.5 times increased throughput. All test results observed were recorded at zero frame loss while maintaining the CPU utilization at 75%. A solution that provides security, wireless Branch offices are classified as small, medium, capabilities, UC, and WAN optimization in a large and regional, with unique requirements for single box, while maintaining existing each category. All test cases described were performance and throughput is a true integrated based on specific branch requirements. A typical solution. Integrated network based services are small branch, such as a retail store with 10-25 an effective way to reduce costs, while users, would use the ISR 1941W. A bank with 25- delivering new services to the end user. The 40 users would use the ISR 2911. A corporate ISR G2 platforms deliver these services and branch or large branch accommodating 40-75 performance, while deployed in small to large users would use the ISR 2951. While a regional remote branch office topologies. office with 75-150 users would use the ISR 3945. Branches with greater bandwidth requirements Miercom tests the performance and validated would use 3925E, 3945E or an ASR 1002. the integrated features of the Cisco ISR G2 platforms. Tests were conducted with feature Performance Tests intensive branch office deployments, and Each class of branch routers was tested based on considered actual branch settings currently the typical branch configuration of the model with used by ISR customers. Dynamic Multipoint Virtual Private Network Branch Architecture (DMVPN), Zone Based Policy Firewall (ZBF) and Intrusion Prevention System (IPS), and The architecture of the ISR G2 platforms Hierarchical Quality of Service (HQOS) features enables richer media experience with video, enabled. We subjected the Cisco ISR G2 router voice and WAN evolution. Additions to the platforms, with integrated services and features services available on the ISR G2 platforms enabled, to a traffic mix consisting of the data, include integrated security, unified voice and/or Telepresence traffic recommended communications, wireless, and application for each deployment scenario. optimization services. Pay-As-You-Grow software licensing and Cisco IOS software packaging also All of the Cisco ISR G2 branch routers delivered reduces branch office expenses. throughput which exceeded by 102% to 214% the Copyright © 2010 Miercom ISR G2 Branch Routers Page 2
  • 3. Figure 3: Throughput Performance Tests RFC 2544 RFC2544 Small Medium Large Regional Regional Regional Throughput Branch Branch Branch Office Office Office Device Under 1941W 2911 2951 3925E 3945 3945E Test IPv4 Forwarding 214.06 232.50 384.38 1,148.80 711.30 1,341.65 (Mbps) packets 64 byte NAT 31.24 38.28 104.38 248.81 207.02 366.66 (Mbps) IPsec (AES) 4.67 5.51 5.93 100.95 5.80 135.24 (Mbps) IPv4 Forwarding IMIX packets 981.02 1017.18 1713.90 3,816.99 2988.69 3,816.99 (Mbps) NAT 168.52 174.26 479.72 1,613.29 938.82 1,908.52 (Mbps) IPsec (AES) 62.36 70.78 149.80 647.11 239.34 848.40 (Mbps) IPv4 Forwarding 2000.00+ 3,000.00+ 3,000.00+ 4,000.00 3,000.00+ 4,000.00 1518 byte (Mbps) packets NAT 692.18 713.28 1,908.59 4,000.00 2,000.00+ 4,000.00 (Mbps) IPsec (AES) 146.56 164.84 195.78 1,528.90 739.64 1,542.78 (Mbps) Note: Significant IPSec performance increase is one characteristic of the greater performance of the 3925E and 3945E. test. This methodology is repeated until there is stated bandwidth requirements of the branch, no frame loss and a Mbps value is found. while integrated features were activated. See Figure 1 on page 1. All test results were We noted a vast difference in performance observed without any frame loss and between the Cisco ISR 3945 and 3945E routers, maintaining CPU utilization of 75%. attributed to the new Service Performance Engine RFC 2544 Performance Test (SPE) that was added to the ISR 3900s. Customers can increase the performance of their We conducted a series of tests to stress existing ISR 3900s by upgrading the SPE. The product performance at different packet sizes 3925 can be upgraded to a 3925E by replacing with various combinations of features enabled the SPE-100 with the SPE-200. Similarly, the ISR as shown in the above table. 3945 can be upgraded to a 3945E by replacing RFC2544 is a standard test methodology from the SPE-150 with an SPE-250. When a 3945 is the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) upgraded to a 3945E, performance is increased that defines a consistent way of testing by as much as 96%. network equipment. The Throughput test calculates the maximum number of frames per The above table shows how the addition of the second that can be transmitted without error. SPE in the 3945E improves performance by We tested with 64- and 1518-byte sized 95.7% when compared to the standard 3945 packets and IMIX packets, then compared the router when transmitting and receiving 64-byte number of transmitted and received frames. packets. With IMIX packets, the 3945E exhibited When frame loss was encountered, the a throughput improvement of 71.8% over the transmission rate was divided by two and the 3945. When tested with 1518-byte packets, the test was restarted. If during this test there was Cisco 3945E delivered a 52.1% improved no frame loss, we increased the transmission performance compared to the ISR 3945 router. rate by half of the difference from the previous These percentages were calculated by taking the Copyright © 2010 Miercom ISR G2 Branch Routers Page 3
  • 4. This feature gives Cisco a competitive edge for IPsec (AES) throughput in Mbps value of the Cisco router-based secure UC solutions. 3945 ISR and comparing it to the IPsec (AES) value of the 3945E to determine overall Unified Survivable Remote Site Telephony improvement. See Figure 3 on page 3. Call processing redundancy is critical for all Offensive Security Assessment branch offices. Unified Survivable Remote Site Telephony (SRST) is an integrated voice feature We evaluated the effectiveness and accuracy available on all Cisco ISR G2 platforms. When of the integrated security features of IPS, activated, the Cisco Unified SRST acts as a call ZBF and DMVPN on the Cisco ISR processing engine for the IP phones located in G2 platforms. the branch office during a WAN blackout. The platforms were evaluated as a “standalone Once a WAN link fails, Cisco SRST automatically security device” in an un-tuned IPS detects the failure in the network and initiates the deployment. Penetration testing was conducted SRST services to provide call processing backup with over 1,450 updated and in the wild attacks. for the IP phones at the branch office. Once WAN Loaded with 2,670 signatures, the platforms connectivity is restored, the system automatically thwarted the majority of attacks, with IOS IPS shifts the call processing back to the primary firing signatures before the network security Cisco Unified Communications Manager at could be compromised. In addition, the zone headquarters. based policy firewall was resilient against network and application layer attacks, viruses Video Capability and worms, adding more flexibility and granularity to already existing IOS Video call capabilities were evaluated on an ISR stateful inspection. 2911 using the Cisco Unified Video Advantage (CUVA). CUVA allows Cisco non-video IP phones IOS Content Filtering to make video calls to other video endpoints. Cisco IOS Content Filtering, available on the Connecting the access port of the video-enabled ISR 1941W and 2911, demonstrated category Cisco Unified IP Phone 7965 to a PC with a USB blocking to static black and white lists with video camera allowed calls to be placed to the keyword blocking and security ratings to branch office. These calls were made using websites requested. This IOS integrated normal phone processes and were displayed feature offers policy-based web content control successfully with video on the PC without any to limit exposure to websites that could incur further actions. The ISR 2911 demonstrated the liability issues or contribute to lost productivity. ability to make video calls using the H.263, H.264 and H.323 protocols. The Cisco IOS Content filtering utilizes a subscription-based service using an Internet- Communications Manager Express based reputation server. Policy-control The Cisco Unified CME (Communications parameters include keyword blocking, local Manager Express) provides call processing black- and white-listing of up to 100 URLs, services at the branch office. This integrated blocking and/or allowing by content categories feature adds call processing functionality at the by user credentials, and reputation-based Cisco ISR G2 branch router itself for branch content control. URL filtering was tested by offices. All the necessary files and configurations selecting a category of permitted and non- for IP phones are stored internally on the ISR G2, allowed websites. It successfully blocked the providing a single-platform solution. websites by category as requested. See Figure 2 on page 2. Calls were made using Cisco Unified IP Phones 7965 to test the call processing functionality of the Unified Communications Trusted Firewall CME. Voice mails were left to demonstrate the The trusted firewall feature was evaluated to messaging features offered by the CME. Using verify Unified Communications security. The the VoiceView express feature we could easily UC firewall uses Trusted Relay Point (TRP), a browse, listen, and manage voicemail from the software function which authorizes and Cisco IP phone display and soft keys. These inspects STUN messages. Once all checks are functions were demonstrated on the ISR 2951. successful, a bidirectional pinhole is opened through the firewall for data flow. This prevents SIP Trunking the need to blindly open media port ranges. SIP Trunking capabilities were demonstrated on Copyright © 2010 Miercom ISR G2 Branch Routers Page 4
  • 5. Figure 4: Content Filtering by Category successfully combines traditional enterprise router functionality, advanced IP services like VoIP and security with the mobility capabilities of 3G WAN access. The integrated HWIC 3G Wireless feature was tested on the Cisco ISR 1941W for primary and backup WAN link connectivity as an integrated feature offering. As the primary WAN link, 3G WWAN was tested with IOS security feature DMVPN enabled. To test for multimedia traffic over the 3G WAN link, we placed voice calls and monitored the MOS scores and call quality. Voice could be heard with clarity, all sessions were maintained and no calls were dropped. When configured as a backup link, the failover time to 3G WWAN was noted to be 15 seconds, an acceptable failover time. This included time for the EzVPN tunnel to establish and pings to reply. URL category blocking message as displayed in a user’s Web browser. Wide Area Application Services the ISR 3945 platform. For this test scenario Cisco Wide Area Application Services (WAAS) the CME was set and configured as the PBX module, was demonstrated on the ISR 2911, that will interpret the SIP signal and pass the 2951 and 3945. It provides integrated WAN traffic. The Spirent Abacus was used to optimization features on the ISR G2 platforms. simulate SIP Trunking traffic, generating 30 Advanced Data Redundancy Elimination (DRE), SIP sessions per second. We observed zero Persistent LZ compression, and TCP Flow RTP packet loss and no out of order packets. Optimization (TFO), were among the WAAS Stable MOS scores of 4.55 were achieved for functions tested, all of which accelerated all calls. In addition, RTP jitter values of 0.233 application response times by alleviating WAN ms and R-factor of 93.2 was achieved, which traffic loads and congestion. falls in the desirable range for VoIP quality. We used the Spirent Avalanche/Reflector to generate real world HTTP traffic to traverse over Wireless LAN the WAN link to the corporate network. Without Wireless LAN capabilities are available only on the WAAS module providing integrated WAN the Cisco ISR 1941W which includes a native optimization features, the bandwidth usage was 802.11n access point and security features recorded at 140 Mbps for HTTP traffic. With the available to support secure mobility. integrated WAAS module, the bandwidth usage for the same HTTP traffic dropped to 1.4 Mbps During testing, the ISR 1941W proved to be decreasing it by 100 fold. able to deploy secure, manageable WLANs, with fast secure mobility, authentication and Multi Gigabit Fabric simplified management. The ISR G2 router extends corporate networks, securing remote The MGF is a new integrated solution added to sites, allowing access to the applications found the architecture of the ISR G2 platforms allowing in the corporate offices. The Cisco ISR 1941W high bandwidth module-to-module com- router meets WLAN needs with a single device, munications at speeds up to 1 Gbps without offering increased levels of services adding overhead to the router processor. The integration. traffic between service modules is switched at line rate to one another without being forwarded to the 3G Wireless WAN router CPU, thereby improving LAN/WAN performance and scalability. The Cisco 3G Wireless WAN HWIC (High- Speed WAN Interface Card) on the ISR 1941W Two 24 port Cisco Enhanced EtherSwitch Service Copyright © 2010 Miercom ISR G2 Branch Routers Page 5
  • 6. Modules (ESMs) were used for testing, with were applied to extend EnergyWise functionality Spirent Avalanche/Reflector used to generate to control power to certain ports. Based on this traffic traversing from one Etherswitch module policy, PoE power to interfaces was set to to the other. The log file for Cisco ISR 3945 automatically to turn on/off at various times. recorded CPU utilization as zero, while 1Gbps These time policies could also be applied by of traffic passed through the Etherswitch device type, device location, priority of device and modules. The receive bandwidth percentage other settable parameters. utilization and transmit bandwidth percentage utilization for the port going to the platform CPU PoE Boost recorded zero, indicating that router processing When populated with dual power supplies, or a power was not used. single power supply and Redundant Power System (RPS), the Cisco ISR G2 routers can Cisco EnergyWise operate in a PoE boost mode configuration, in Cisco EnergyWise technology allows users to lieu of redundant power mode. In this PoE boost measure the power consumption of network configuration, the power capacity of the platform infrastructure and network attached devices is increased to almost twice the normal power to (IP phones, PC and access points) and support additional PoE ports. See Figure 5 below. manage power consumption with specific Figure 5: Power available for PoE Ports in settable policies. RPS and PoE Boost Mode for an ISR 3900 This IOS feature was demonstrated on the ISR Mode Redundant PoE Boost 3945 platform fitted with two 24 port Maximum Power 520W 1000W Etherswitch modules. Power monitoring and management capabilities of the Cisco Allocated Power 6.3W 6.3W EnergyWise feature were tested for slots and interface power management on the router. IOS Software Licensing With Cisco EnergyWise, the Service modules could be powered-up or turned-down using With the new licensing and packaging process, simple commands. Times of day policies Cisco ISR G2 platforms are shipped with a single were applied to extend EnergyWise universal IOS image, loaded during functionality to control power to certain ports. manufacturing, and containing all IOS features. Based on this policy, PoE power to interfaces All integrated service and features are now in four was set to automatically to turn on/off at various technology packages; previously offered in eight times. These time policies could also be applied images and requiring a new software image for by device type, device location, priority of each feature change. device and other settable parameters. The level of IOS functionality available depends on the licenses purchased. To unlock or upgrade Cisco EnergyWise to a suite of IOS functionality, only a new license Cisco EnergyWise technology allows users to needs to be applied. The four categories of measure the power consumption of network licenses are: IP Base, Data, Unified infrastructure and network attached devices (IP Communications and Security (SEC). phones, PC and access points) and manage Bottom Line power consumption with specific settable policies. The value of an integrated solution shows its worth for enabling integrated services on a single This IOS feature was demonstrated on the ISR platform, delivering WAN optimization all in one 3945 platform fitted with two 24 port single box, while maintaining existing Etherswitch modules. Power monitoring and performance and throughput metrics. The Cisco management capabilities of the Cisco ISR G2 models ISR 1941W, ISR 2911, ISR 2951 EnergyWise feature were tested for slots and and ISR 3945 deliver these services with interface power management on the router. exceptional performance while deployed in With Cisco EnergyWise, the Service modules branch office (continued on page 8) could be powered-up or turned-down using scaling from small branch offices of a few users, simple commands. Times of day policies to large remote branches with 100 clients. For Copyright © 2010 Miercom ISR G2 Branch Routers Page 6
  • 7. Table 1: Description of Branch Office Deployment Scenarios and Features Applied Small Medium Large Regional Office Branch Branch Branch Typical Bank Corporate Retail store Regional Office, Large Store Example Branch Branch Link Speed 25Mbps 35Mbps 75Mbps 150Mbps 200Mbps 350Mbps Typical NG 1941W 2911 2951 3925E 3945 3945E ISR Configuration USB USB USB USB USB USB Method Console Console Console Console Console Console Feature Data, Data, UC, Data, UC, Data, UC, Data, UC, Data, UC, Licenses Security Security Security Security Security Security Primary Ethernet Ethernet Ethernet Ethernet Ethernet Ethernet Connectivity WAN WAN WAN WAN WAN WAN Backup Ethernet Ethernet Ethernet Ethernet Ethernet 3G WAN Connectivity WAN WAN WAN WAN WAN Integrated 16 ports 24 ports 48 ports 48 ports 48 ports 8 ports PoE Switch Ports PoE PoE PoE PoE PoE 5 Class 5 Class 5 Class 5 Class 5 Class 5 Class QoS HQoS HQoS HQoS HQoS HQoS HQoS VPN DMVPN DMVPN DMVPN DMVPN DMVPN DMVPN Zone-Based Zone-Based Zone-Based Zone-Based Zone-Based Zone-Based Firewall FW FW FW FW FW FW Intrusion Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Prevention Content Yes Yes No No No No Filtering WAN No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Acceleration CME-as- CME SRST SRST SRST SRST CUE Local Voice CUBE + SIP CUBE + SIP CUBE + SIP NA TDM PSTN VM/IVR Features Trunk for Trunk for Trunk for (FXO) Video SIP Trunk PSTN PSTN PSTN Telephony for PSTN IP Phones 8 12 50 120 120 120 1 low 1 high 1 high 1 high 1 high Telepresence No bandwidth bandwidth bandwidth bandwidth bandwidth 802.11n Corporate & No No No No No Wireless Guest SSID The branch offices have been categorized into small, medium, large and regional categories with unique requirements for each size office. The configurations shown above represent feature intensive branch deployments today and are likely to be closer to the norm in the future. All testing and test cases described in this document w conducted based on the branch office requirements for the respective Cisco ISR G2 routers. Copyright © 2010 Miercom ISR G2 Branch Routers Page 7
  • 8. additional details on this testing, contact providers to monitor and troubleshoot a single Miercom at reviews@miercom.com. Ethernet link. Although it was defined for the first- mile connection to the customer demarcation Ethernet Operations, Administration, and where most link issues typically occur; IEEE Maintenance (OAM) 802.3ah is applicable to any point-point IEEE Cisco Integrated Services Routers Generation 2 802.3 links. support the tools for Ethernet Operations, The primary benefits of 802.3ah are that it Administration, and Maintenance (OAM) enables the service provider to monitor a link for developed in accordance with the leading critical events and then, if necessary, put the industry-standards organizations. We observed remote device into "loopback" mode in order to a testing demonstration of the Carrier Ethernet do testing on the link. It also discovers OAM capabilities while conducting performance unidirectional links, which occur when only one testing on the routers. We specifically validated direction of transmission fails. the following features: Ethernet Local Management Interface (E-LMI)  CFM (Connectivity Fault Management) protocol has benefits to both the service provider and the end customer because it brings Ethernet  Connectivity Check manageability from the service provider network  Ping (Loopback) to the customer premises. E-LMI operates  unicast LB between the customer edge (CE) device and the  multicast LB user-facing provider edge (U-PE). It enables the  Autotrace service provider to configure the CE device to  EEM Service Diagnostics match the subscribed service. The CE device will automatically receive a VLAN-to-EVC mapping  CFM CC-timeout (CFM event based and the corresponding bandwidth profile and autoscript) quality of service (QoS) settings.  CFM on-demand (CFM on-demand script) The IP SLA for Ethernet adds to the performance  CFM Autotrace (CFM Auto Script ) monitoring strengths for Ethernet and are  CFM shut/ unshut (Action script) supported on ISR G2.  OAM Service providers are using increased bandwidth  IPSLA requirements to offer newer and more cost-  Echo probe effective Ethernet services while utilizing the end- to-end service-assurance capabilities as offered  Jitter probe by standardized Ethernet OAM on Cisco routing  ELMI and switching platforms. Using these capabilities,  Y.1731 (AIS/ LCK / RDI) service providers can deliver both entertainment- and business-grade services over an Ethernet These Fault Management and Performance network to meet the expectations of their Management tools for Ethernet allow service end customers. providers to manage each customer service instance individually. A customer service instance, or Ethernet Virtual Connection (EVC), Figure 6: Cisco Carrier Ethernet OAM is the service that is sold to a customer and is designated by the Service-VLAN tag. As a result, 802.1ag operates on a per-Service-VLAN (or per-EVC) basis. End-to-end service management using 802.1ag is a critical aspect of Ethernet management along with the Y.1731 fault management. It enables the service provider to know if an EVC has failed, and if so, provides the tools to rapidly isolate the failure. Another important area is the link management provided by IEEE 802.3ah. Ethernet link This diagram shows the main areas of Ethernet management (IEEE 802.3ah) enables service Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (OAM). Copyright © 2010 Miercom ISR G2 Branch Routers Page 8
  • 9. Test Bed Diagram 1 7206 – NPE-G2 Reflector VoIP IPsec Traffic Load Device Under Test (DUT) – Avalanche Cisco ISR Internet Systems Under Test and Operating System Versions Cisco Routers: 1941W licensed for: ip base, security, uc, and data ; running IOS version 15.0(1)M 2911 licensed for: ip base, security, uc, and data ; running IOS version 15.0(1)M 2951 licensed for: ip base, security, uc, and data ; running IOS version 15.0(1)M 3945E licensed for: ip base, security, uc, and data ; running IOS version 15.0(1)T 3925E licensed for: ip base, security, uc, and data ; running IOS version 15.0(1)T ASR 1002 Fixed Router fixed adventerprisek9 version 12.4(X), and IOS-XE 12.2 Mu Test Suite, version 4.5.6.r36499 Avalanche 2.50, Build 4070 Spirent TestCenter, version 2.50.1626.0000 How We Did It Test Bed 1 Similar network topologies were used for all branch office deployments with variations added to reflect the typical needs of the different branch sizes. Spirent TestCenter, Spirent Avalanche and Reflector were used for traffic generation. Spirent TestCenter was used to generate RTP voice traffic. A custom Cisco traffic generation tool was used to simulate Telepresence sessions. This tool sends actual Telepresence video streams and monitors for any frame loss, jitter and latency. All traffic used for performance testing of the Cisco ISR G2 Device Under Test (DUT) were set to meet Service Level Agreement (SLA) of zero frame loss and acceptable latency or jitter values. To evaluate the effectiveness of the security features of the Cisco ISR G2 platforms, offensive security tests were conducted using Miercom Offensive Security Testing Suite, the Ixia IxDefend platform (www.ixiacom.com) and the Mu Dynamics Test Suite (www.mudynamics.com). The Ixia IxDefend advanced security assessment tool analyzed quality, resiliency, and security exposures across a broad array of protocols and applications. The IxDefend test included 40 protocols from link layer to application protocols. Each protocol in each bundle included thousands of tests. IxDefend’s tests provide the deepest possible protocol coverage. The Mu Test Suite distills information from the most recently discovered root-cause vulnerabilities into test cases that target the vulnerabilities that lie behind tens of thousands unique exploit vectors. The security assessment was conducted with Ixia’s (www.ixiacom.com) IxDefend which was used to generate exploits and attacks. Miercom recommends customers conduct their own needs analysis and test for the specific environment for product deployment before making a selection. Contact reviews@miercom.com for additional details on the configurations applied to the system under test and test tools used in this evaluation. Copyright © 2010 Miercom ISR G2 Branch Routers Page 9
  • 10. Test Bed Diagram 2 Avalanche  Avalanche Telepresence Telepresence Simulator Simulator Device Under Test (DUT) C3900E Abacus Abacus Test Bed Diagram 3 Avalanche Avalanche ASR 1002 HeadEnd Telepresence Telepresence Simulator Simulator Device Under Test (DUT) C3900E or ASR Abacus Abacus Test Bed 2 The Device Under Test (DUT) is only connected to the different traffic generation tools depicted. Throughput measurements were taken with and without features enabled such as IPsec VPN and NAT. Tests for throughput performance of RFC 2544 were conducted primarily using this test scenario. Test Bed 3 The second test bed has the DUT connected to a HeadEnd router in addition to the traffic generation tools as shown in Figure 2. This is normally used for those cases, like IPSec, that require a connection to a peer router. The WAN interface of the ISR G2 DUT utilized a secure VPN connection as well as a backup connection specific to the size of the branch. For our tests, headquarters was represented by a Cisco 7200 Series router, terminating at the other side of the VPN connection and providing the core side connections for traffic generation and monitoring. To simulate the various streams found in a typical branch setting, generic stateful HTTP data traffic consisting of 25K, 30K and 130K objects, with 10 objects per TCP session, were used. All performance testing was conducted with router CPU maintained in the 50-70% range, which is the recommended load that allows sufficient overhead and tolerance for real-world network activity. Tests involving IPsec performance were conducted primarily using this test scenario. Copyright © 2010 Miercom ISR G2 Branch Routers Page 10
  • 11. Miercom Performance Verified Based on Miercom’s review of the performance during testing, the Cisco ISR G2 platforms – ISR 1941W, ISR 2911, ISR 2951 and ISR 3945 routers have earned the Performance Verified award. The Cisco ISR G2 platforms provide security, wireless, UC, WAN optimization and energy management capabilities all in one box while meeting branch office performance and throughput requirements. ISR 1941W ISR 2911 Cisco Systems, Inc. 170 West Tasman Drive San Jose, CA 95134 www.cisco.com 1-800-553-6387 ISR 2951 ISR 3925E, 3945 and 3945E About Miercom’s Product Testing Services Miercom has hundreds of product-comparison analyses published over the years in such leading network trade periodicals as Network World, Business Communications Review - NoJitter, Communications News, xchange, Internet Telephony and other leading publications, Miercom’s reputation as the leading, independent product test center is unquestioned. Miercom’s private test services include competitive product analyses, as well as individual product evaluations. Miercom features comprehensive certification and test programs including: Certified Interoperable, Certified Reliable, Certified Secure and Certified Green. Products may also be evaluated under the NetWORKS As Advertised program, the industry’s most thorough and trusted assessment for product usability and performance. Report 091028G reviews@miercom.com www.miercom.com  Before printing, please consider electronic distribution  Product names or services mentioned in this report are registered trademarks of their respective owners. Miercom makes every effort to ensure that information contained within our reports is accurate and complete, but is not liable for any errors, inaccuracies or omissions. Miercom is not liable for damages arising out of or related to the information contained within this report. Consult with professional services such as Miercom Consulting for specific customer needs analysis. Copyright © 2010 Miercom ISR G2 Branch Routers Page 11